Hermes parser: clarify string arguments comment (JSON vs plain)

Previously _truncate_context() mutated the shared messages list, which could drop older turns and break reward computation/debugging.

Now we keep messages as the full trajectory and apply truncation to a copy (prompt_messages) for each model call.

.clinerules

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# Cline's Memory Bank
+
+I am Cline, an expert software engineer with a unique characteristic: my memory resets completely between sessions. This isn't a limitation - it's what drives me to maintain perfect documentation. After each reset, I rely ENTIRELY on my Memory Bank to understand the project and continue work effectively. I MUST read ALL memory bank files at the start of EVERY task - this is not optional.
+
+## Memory Bank Structure
+
+The Memory Bank consists of core files and optional context files, all in Markdown format. Files build upon each other in a clear hierarchy:
+
+flowchart TD
+    PB[projectbrief.md] --> PC[productContext.md]
+    PB --> SP[systemPatterns.md]
+    PB --> TC[techContext.md]
+
+    PC --> AC[activeContext.md]
+    SP --> AC
+    TC --> AC
+
+    AC --> P[progress.md]
+
+### Core Files (Required)
+1. `projectbrief.md`
+   - Foundation document that shapes all other files
+   - Created at project start if it doesn't exist
+   - Defines core requirements and goals
+   - Source of truth for project scope
+
+2. `productContext.md`
+   - Why this project exists
+   - Problems it solves
+   - How it should work
+   - User experience goals
+
+3. `activeContext.md`
+   - Current work focus
+   - Recent changes
+   - Next steps
+   - Active decisions and considerations
+   - Important patterns and preferences
+   - Learnings and project insights
+
+4. `systemPatterns.md`
+   - System architecture
+   - Key technical decisions
+   - Design patterns in use
+   - Component relationships
+   - Critical implementation paths
+
+5. `techContext.md`
+   - Technologies used
+   - Development setup
+   - Technical constraints
+   - Dependencies
+   - Tool usage patterns
+
+6. `progress.md`
+   - What works
+   - What's left to build
+   - Current status
+   - Known issues
+   - Evolution of project decisions
+
+### Additional Context
+Create additional files/folders within memory-bank/ when they help organize:
+- Complex feature documentation
+- Integration specifications
+- API documentation
+- Testing strategies
+- Deployment procedures
+
+## Core Workflows
+
+### Plan Mode
+flowchart TD
+    Start[Start] --> ReadFiles[Read Memory Bank]
+    ReadFiles --> CheckFiles{Files Complete?}
+
+    CheckFiles -->|No| Plan[Create Plan]
+    Plan --> Document[Document in Chat]
+
+    CheckFiles -->|Yes| Verify[Verify Context]
+    Verify --> Strategy[Develop Strategy]
+    Strategy --> Present[Present Approach]
+
+### Act Mode
+flowchart TD
+    Start[Start] --> Context[Check Memory Bank]
+    Context --> Update[Update Documentation]
+    Update --> Execute[Execute Task]
+    Execute --> Document[Document Changes]
+
+## Documentation Updates
+
+Memory Bank updates occur when:
+1. Discovering new project patterns
+2. After implementing significant changes
+3. When user requests with **update memory bank** (MUST review ALL files)
+4. When context needs clarification
+
+flowchart TD
+    Start[Update Process]
+
+    subgraph Process
+        P1[Review ALL Files]
+        P2[Document Current State]
+        P3[Clarify Next Steps]
+        P4[Document Insights & Patterns]
+
+        P1 --> P2 --> P3 --> P4
+    end
+
+    Start --> Process
+
+Note: When triggered by **update memory bank**, I MUST review every memory bank file, even if some don't require updates. Focus particularly on activeContext.md and progress.md as they track current state.
+
+REMEMBER: After every memory reset, I begin completely fresh. The Memory Bank is my only link to previous work. It must be maintained with precision and clarity, as my effectiveness depends entirely on its accuracy.

.env.example

@@ -1,50 +1,74 @@
 # Hermes Agent Environment Configuration
 # Copy this file to .env and fill in your API keys
 
+# =============================================================================
+# CORE SETTINGS
+# =============================================================================
+# Agent backend:
+# - openai  : default Hermes-Agent loop (OpenAI function-calling via OpenAI SDK)
+# - atropos : Atroposlib ServerManager/ManagedServer-backed loop (training/env integration)
+HERMES_BACKEND=openai
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# LOCAL / SELF-HOSTED OPENAI-COMPATIBLE ENDPOINTS (vLLM, SGLang, llama.cpp, etc.)
+# =============================================================================
+# For local development (matches the Atropos test env defaults):
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:8080
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL=hermes-4-36b
+# For hosted inference (Nous Research inference API):
+ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL=
+ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL=
+ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME=
+# Set this to your Nous API key (Bearer token).
+ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY=
+
+# Debugging (prints to stdout; use with care)
+# HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_REQUEST=1
+# HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_RESPONSE=1
+# HERMES_DEBUG_OPENAI_REQUEST=1
+# HERMES_DEBUG_OPENAI_RESPONSE=1
+
+# =============================================================================
+# LOCAL / SELF-HOSTED OPENAI-COMPATIBLE ENDPOINTS (vLLM, SGLang, llama.cpp, etc.)
+# =============================================================================
+# If you set ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL or OPENAI_BASE_URL, Hermes will use it instead
+# of OpenRouter.
+#
+# Local server convenience (base URL without /v1):
+# llama.cpp example (see `Hermes-Agent/scripts/launch_llama_cpp_hermes_4_36b.sh`):
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:8080
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL=hermes-4-36b
+# ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME=NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY=local
+#
+# Hosted Nous inference API:
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL=https://inference-api.nousresearch.com
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL=Hermes-4.3-36B
+# ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME=NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B
+# ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY=sk-... (Bearer token)
+#
+# If you plan to run GRPO-style group sampling (e.g. `--env.group_size 4`) against
+# llama.cpp, start the server with at least that many slots, e.g.:
+#   LLAMA_CPP_PARALLEL=4 Hermes-Agent/scripts/launch_llama_cpp_hermes_4_36b.sh
+#
+# Generic OpenAI-compatible (base URL should include /v1):
+# OPENAI_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1
+# OPENAI_API_KEY=local
+
 # =============================================================================
 # LLM PROVIDER (OpenRouter)
 # =============================================================================
 # OpenRouter provides access to many models through one API
 # All LLM calls go through OpenRouter - no direct provider keys needed
 # Get your key at: https://openrouter.ai/keys
+OPENROUTER_BASE_URL=https://openrouter.ai/api/v1
 OPENROUTER_API_KEY=
 
 # Default model to use (OpenRouter format: provider/model)
-# Examples: anthropic/claude-opus-4.6, openai/gpt-4o, google/gemini-3-flash-preview, zhipuai/glm-4-plus
+# Examples: anthropic/claude-opus-4.6, openai/gpt-4o, google/gemini-2.0-flash, zhipuai/glm-4-plus
 LLM_MODEL=anthropic/claude-opus-4.6
 
-# =============================================================================
-# LLM PROVIDER (z.ai / GLM)
-# =============================================================================
-# z.ai provides access to ZhipuAI GLM models (GLM-4-Plus, etc.)
-# Get your key at: https://z.ai or https://open.bigmodel.cn
-GLM_API_KEY=
-# GLM_BASE_URL=https://api.z.ai/api/paas/v4  # Override default base URL
-
-# =============================================================================
-# LLM PROVIDER (Kimi / Moonshot)
-# =============================================================================
-# Kimi Code provides access to Moonshot AI coding models (kimi-k2.5, etc.)
-# Get your key at: https://platform.kimi.ai (Kimi Code console)
-# Keys prefixed sk-kimi- use the Kimi Code API (api.kimi.com) by default.
-# Legacy keys from platform.moonshot.ai need KIMI_BASE_URL override below.
-KIMI_API_KEY=
-# KIMI_BASE_URL=https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1  # Default for sk-kimi- keys
-# KIMI_BASE_URL=https://api.moonshot.ai/v1      # For legacy Moonshot keys
-# KIMI_BASE_URL=https://api.moonshot.cn/v1       # For Moonshot China keys
-
-# =============================================================================
-# LLM PROVIDER (MiniMax)
-# =============================================================================
-# MiniMax provides access to MiniMax models (global endpoint)
-# Get your key at: https://www.minimax.io
-MINIMAX_API_KEY=
-# MINIMAX_BASE_URL=https://api.minimax.io/v1  # Override default base URL
-
-# MiniMax China endpoint (for users in mainland China)
-MINIMAX_CN_API_KEY=
-# MINIMAX_CN_BASE_URL=https://api.minimaxi.com/v1  # Override default base URL
-
 # =============================================================================
 # TOOL API KEYS
 # =============================================================================
@@ -53,38 +77,34 @@ MINIMAX_CN_API_KEY=
 # Get at: https://firecrawl.dev/
 FIRECRAWL_API_KEY=
 
+# Nous Research API Key - Vision analysis and multi-model reasoning
+# Get at: https://inference-api.nousresearch.com/
+NOUS_API_KEY=
+
 # FAL.ai API Key - Image generation
 # Get at: https://fal.ai/
 FAL_KEY=
 
-# Honcho - Cross-session AI-native user modeling (optional)
-# Builds a persistent understanding of the user across sessions and tools.
-# Get at: https://app.honcho.dev
-# Also requires ~/.honcho/config.json with enabled=true (see README).
-HONCHO_API_KEY=
-
 # =============================================================================
 # TERMINAL TOOL CONFIGURATION (mini-swe-agent backend)
 # =============================================================================
 # Backend type: "local", "singularity", "docker", "modal", or "ssh"
-# Terminal backend is configured in ~/.hermes/config.yaml (terminal.backend).
-# Use 'hermes setup' or 'hermes config set terminal.backend docker' to change.
-# Supported: local, docker, singularity, modal, ssh
-#
-# Only override here if you need to force a backend without touching config.yaml:
-# TERMINAL_ENV=local
+# - local: Runs directly on your machine (fastest, no isolation)
+# - ssh: Runs on remote server via SSH (great for sandboxing - agent can't touch its own code)
+# - singularity: Runs in Apptainer/Singularity containers (HPC clusters, no root needed)
+# - docker: Runs in Docker containers (isolated, requires Docker + docker group)
+# - modal: Runs in Modal cloud sandboxes (scalable, requires Modal account)
+TERMINAL_ENV=local
+
 
 # Container images (for singularity/docker/modal backends)
-# TERMINAL_DOCKER_IMAGE=nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20
-# TERMINAL_SINGULARITY_IMAGE=docker://nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20
-TERMINAL_MODAL_IMAGE=nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20
-
+TERMINAL_DOCKER_IMAGE=python:3.11
+TERMINAL_SINGULARITY_IMAGE=docker://python:3.11
+TERMINAL_MODAL_IMAGE=python:3.11
 
 # Working directory for terminal commands
-# For local backend: "." means current directory (resolved automatically)
-# For remote backends (ssh/docker/modal/singularity): use an absolute path
-#   INSIDE the target environment, or leave unset for the backend's default
-#   (/root for modal, / for docker, ~ for ssh). Do NOT use a host-local path.
+# For CLI: "." means current directory (resolved automatically from config.yaml)
+# For containers (docker/singularity/modal): absolute path inside the container
 # Usually managed by config.yaml (terminal.cwd) — uncomment to override
 # TERMINAL_CWD=.
 
@@ -128,12 +148,87 @@ TERMINAL_LIFETIME_SECONDS=300
 # SUDO_PASSWORD=your_password_here
 
 # =============================================================================
-# MODAL CLOUD BACKEND (Optional - for TERMINAL_ENV=modal)
+# MODAL CLOUD BACKEND (for TERMINAL_ENV=modal)
 # =============================================================================
-# Modal uses CLI authentication, not environment variables.
-# Run: pip install modal && modal setup
-# This will authenticate via browser and store credentials locally.
-# No API key needed in .env - Modal handles auth automatically.
+# Modal provides cloud sandboxes with per-second billing and auto-scaling.
+# This implementation uses a warm pool of sandboxes for cost efficiency.
+#
+# SETUP:
+#   pip install modal && modal setup
+#   (Authenticates via browser, stores credentials locally)
+#
+# FEATURES:
+# - Auto-scaling warm sandbox pool (no cold start after first use)
+# - Named sandbox recovery (reconnects after restart)
+# - Profile-based heterogeneous environments (CPU, GPU, different images)
+# - Server-side idle_timeout protection against orphaned sandboxes
+
+# Modal app name (groups all sandboxes, used for recovery)
+TERMINAL_MODAL_APP_NAME=hermes-sandbox
+
+# Default profile when none specified
+TERMINAL_MODAL_DEFAULT_PROFILE=default
+
+# Profile config file (optional - YAML format, see modal_profiles.yaml)
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILES_FILE=modal_profiles.yaml
+
+# --- Default Profile Settings (used if no YAML file) ---
+# These apply when no profile is specified or for the "default" profile
+TERMINAL_MODAL_IMAGE=python:3.11
+TERMINAL_MODAL_MIN_POOL=1
+TERMINAL_MODAL_MAX_POOL=5
+TERMINAL_MODAL_IDLE_TIMEOUT=120
+TERMINAL_MODAL_MAX_LIFETIME=3600
+TERMINAL_MODAL_SCALE_DOWN_IDLE=180
+
+# --- Custom Profile Example: pytorch-gpu ---
+# Uncomment to enable a GPU profile for ML tasks
+# Usage: terminal_tool("python train.py", profile="pytorch-gpu")
+#
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_IMAGE=pytorch/pytorch:2.1.0-cuda12.1-cudnn8-runtime
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_GPU=T4
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_MEMORY=16384
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_MIN_POOL=0
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_MAX_POOL=2
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_IDLE_TIMEOUT=60
+
+# --- Custom Profile Example: node ---
+# Uncomment to enable a Node.js profile
+# Usage: terminal_tool("npm test", profile="node")
+#
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_node_IMAGE=node:18
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_node_MIN_POOL=0
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_node_MAX_POOL=3
+
+# =============================================================================
+# MODAL SECRETS (Secure credential injection)
+# =============================================================================
+# Modal Secrets allow you to securely pass API keys, passwords, and other
+# sensitive data to your sandboxes without exposing them in code or logs.
+#
+# SETUP SECRETS:
+#   1. Via Dashboard: https://modal.com/secrets
+#   2. Via CLI: modal secret create my-secret KEY1=value1 KEY2=value2
+#   3. Via CLI with env: modal secret create my-secret API_KEY="$API_KEY"
+#
+# LIST SECRETS:
+#   modal secret list
+#
+# DELETE SECRETS:
+#   modal secret delete my-secret
+
+# Global secrets applied to ALL profiles (comma-separated secret names)
+# These secrets must be created on Modal dashboard or via CLI first
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_SECRETS=my-api-keys,database-creds
+
+# Per-profile secrets (comma-separated secret names)
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_pytorch_gpu_SECRETS=huggingface-token,wandb-key
+
+# Per-profile environment variables (semicolon-separated KEY=VALUE pairs)
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_default_ENV_VARS=DEBUG=1;LOG_LEVEL=info
+
+# Load local .env file into sandbox (useful for development)
+# TERMINAL_MODAL_PROFILE_default_USE_DOTENV=true
 
 # =============================================================================
 # BROWSER TOOL CONFIGURATION (agent-browser + Browserbase)
@@ -176,43 +271,16 @@ BROWSER_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT=120
 # Contains full conversation history in trajectory format for debugging/replay
 
 # =============================================================================
-# VOICE TRANSCRIPTION & OPENAI TTS
+# LEGACY/OPTIONAL API KEYS
 # =============================================================================
-# Required for voice message transcription (Whisper) and OpenAI TTS voices.
-# Uses OpenAI's API directly (not via OpenRouter).
-# Named VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY to avoid interference with OpenRouter.
-# Get at: https://platform.openai.com/api-keys
-VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY=
 
-# =============================================================================
-# SLACK INTEGRATION
-# =============================================================================
-# Slack Bot Token - From Slack App settings (OAuth & Permissions)
-# Get at: https://api.slack.com/apps
-# SLACK_BOT_TOKEN=xoxb-...
+# Morph API Key - For legacy Hecate terminal backend (terminal-hecate tool)
+# Get at: https://morph.so/
+MORPH_API_KEY=
 
-# Slack App Token - For Socket Mode (App-Level Tokens in Slack App settings)
-# SLACK_APP_TOKEN=xapp-...
-
-# Slack allowed users (comma-separated Slack user IDs)
-# SLACK_ALLOWED_USERS=
-
-# WhatsApp (built-in Baileys bridge — run `hermes whatsapp` to pair)
-# WHATSAPP_ENABLED=false
-# WHATSAPP_ALLOWED_USERS=15551234567
-
-# Gateway-wide: allow ALL users without an allowlist (default: false = deny)
-# Only set to true if you intentionally want open access.
-# GATEWAY_ALLOW_ALL_USERS=false
-
-# =============================================================================
-# RESPONSE PACING
-# =============================================================================
-# Human-like delays between message chunks on messaging platforms.
-# Makes the bot feel less robotic.
-# HERMES_HUMAN_DELAY_MODE=off     # off | natural | custom
-# HERMES_HUMAN_DELAY_MIN_MS=800   # Min delay in ms (custom mode)
-# HERMES_HUMAN_DELAY_MAX_MS=2500  # Max delay in ms (custom mode)
+# Hecate VM Settings (only if using terminal-hecate tool)
+HECATE_VM_LIFETIME_SECONDS=300
+HECATE_DEFAULT_SNAPSHOT_ID=snapshot_p5294qxt
 
 # =============================================================================
 # DEBUG OPTIONS
@@ -228,10 +296,9 @@ IMAGE_TOOLS_DEBUG=false
 # When conversation approaches model's context limit, middle turns are
 # automatically summarized to free up space.
 #
-# Context compression is configured in ~/.hermes/config.yaml under compression:
 # CONTEXT_COMPRESSION_ENABLED=true        # Enable auto-compression (default: true)
 # CONTEXT_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD=0.85      # Compress at 85% of context limit
-# Model is set via compression.summary_model in config.yaml (default: google/gemini-3-flash-preview)
+# CONTEXT_COMPRESSION_MODEL=google/gemini-2.0-flash-001  # Fast model for summaries
 
 # =============================================================================
 # RL TRAINING (Tinker + Atropos)
@@ -250,16 +317,3 @@ WANDB_API_KEY=
 # RL API Server URL (default: http://localhost:8080)
 # Change if running the rl-server on a different host/port
 # RL_API_URL=http://localhost:8080
-
-# =============================================================================
-# SKILLS HUB (GitHub integration for skill search/install/publish)
-# =============================================================================
-
-# GitHub Personal Access Token — for higher API rate limits on skill search/install
-# Get at: https://github.com/settings/tokens (Fine-grained recommended)
-# GITHUB_TOKEN=ghp_xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
-
-# GitHub App credentials (optional — for bot identity on PRs)
-# GITHUB_APP_ID=
-# GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH=
-# GITHUB_APP_INSTALLATION_ID=

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-name: "🐛 Bug Report"
-description: Report a bug — something that's broken, crashes, or behaves incorrectly.
-title: "[Bug]: "
-labels: ["bug"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for reporting a bug! Please fill out the sections below so we can reproduce and fix it quickly.
-
-        **Before submitting**, please:
-        - [ ] Search [existing issues](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/issues) to avoid duplicates
-        - [ ] Update to the latest version (`hermes update`) and confirm the bug still exists
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: description
-    attributes:
-      label: Bug Description
-      description: A clear description of what's broken. Include error messages, tracebacks, or screenshots if relevant.
-      placeholder: |
-        What happened? What did you expect to happen instead?
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: reproduction
-    attributes:
-      label: Steps to Reproduce
-      description: Minimal steps to trigger the bug. The more specific, the faster we can fix it.
-      placeholder: |
-        1. Run `hermes chat`
-        2. Send the message "..."
-        3. Agent calls tool X
-        4. Error appears: ...
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: expected
-    attributes:
-      label: Expected Behavior
-      description: What should have happened instead?
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: actual
-    attributes:
-      label: Actual Behavior
-      description: What actually happened? Include full error output if available.
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: component
-    attributes:
-      label: Affected Component
-      description: Which part of Hermes is affected?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - CLI (interactive chat)
-        - Gateway (Telegram/Discord/Slack/WhatsApp)
-        - Setup / Installation
-        - Tools (terminal, file ops, web, code execution, etc.)
-        - Skills (skill loading, skill hub, skill guard)
-        - Agent Core (conversation loop, context compression, memory)
-        - Configuration (config.yaml, .env, hermes setup)
-        - Other
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: platform
-    attributes:
-      label: Messaging Platform (if gateway-related)
-      description: Which platform adapter is affected?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - N/A (CLI only)
-        - Telegram
-        - Discord
-        - Slack
-        - WhatsApp
-
-  - type: input
-    id: os
-    attributes:
-      label: Operating System
-      description: e.g. Ubuntu 24.04, macOS 15.2, Windows 11
-      placeholder: Ubuntu 24.04
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: input
-    id: python-version
-    attributes:
-      label: Python Version
-      description: Output of `python --version`
-      placeholder: "3.11.9"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: input
-    id: hermes-version
-    attributes:
-      label: Hermes Version
-      description: Output of `hermes version`
-      placeholder: "2.1.0"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: logs
-    attributes:
-      label: Relevant Logs / Traceback
-      description: Paste any error output, traceback, or log messages. This will be auto-formatted as code.
-      render: shell
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: root-cause
-    attributes:
-      label: Root Cause Analysis (optional)
-      description: |
-        If you've dug into the code and identified the root cause, share it here.
-        Include file paths, line numbers, and code snippets if possible. This massively speeds up fixes.
-      placeholder: |
-        The bug is in `gateway/run.py` line 949. `len(history)` counts session_meta entries
-        but `agent_messages` was built from filtered history...
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: proposed-fix
-    attributes:
-      label: Proposed Fix (optional)
-      description: If you have a fix in mind (or a PR ready), describe it here.
-      placeholder: |
-        Replace `.get()` with `.pop()` on line 289 of `gateway/platforms/base.py`
-        to actually clear the pending message after retrieval.
-
-  - type: checkboxes
-    id: pr-ready
-    attributes:
-      label: Are you willing to submit a PR for this?
-      options:
-        - label: I'd like to fix this myself and submit a PR

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-blank_issues_enabled: true
-contact_links:
-  - name: 💬 Nous Research Discord
-    url: https://discord.gg/NousResearch
-    about: For quick questions, showcasing projects, sharing skills, and community chat.
-  - name: 📖 Documentation
-    url: https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/README.md
-    about: Check the README and docs before opening an issue.
-  - name: 🤝 Contributing Guide
-    url: https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md
-    about: Read this before submitting a PR.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-name: "✨ Feature Request"
-description: Suggest a new feature or improvement.
-title: "[Feature]: "
-labels: ["enhancement"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Thanks for the suggestion! Before submitting, please consider:
-
-        - **Is this a new skill?** Most capabilities should be [skills, not tools](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#should-it-be-a-skill-or-a-tool). If it's a specialized integration (crypto, NFT, niche SaaS), it belongs on the Skills Hub, not bundled.
-        - **Search [existing issues](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/issues)** — someone may have already proposed this.
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: problem
-    attributes:
-      label: Problem or Use Case
-      description: What problem does this solve? What are you trying to do that you can't today?
-      placeholder: |
-        I'm trying to use Hermes with [provider/platform/workflow] but currently
-        there's no way to...
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: solution
-    attributes:
-      label: Proposed Solution
-      description: How do you think this should work? Be as specific as you can — CLI flags, config options, UI behavior.
-      placeholder: |
-        Add a `--foo` flag to `hermes chat` that enables...
-        Or: Add a config key `bar.baz` that controls...
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: alternatives
-    attributes:
-      label: Alternatives Considered
-      description: What other approaches did you consider? Why is the proposed solution better?
-
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: type
-    attributes:
-      label: Feature Type
-      options:
-        - New tool
-        - New bundled skill
-        - CLI improvement
-        - Gateway / messaging improvement
-        - Configuration option
-        - Performance / reliability
-        - Developer experience (tests, docs, CI)
-        - Other
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: scope
-    attributes:
-      label: Scope
-      description: How big is this change?
-      options:
-        - Small (single file, < 50 lines)
-        - Medium (few files, < 300 lines)
-        - Large (new module or significant refactor)
-
-  - type: checkboxes
-    id: pr-ready
-    attributes:
-      label: Contribution
-      options:
-        - label: I'd like to implement this myself and submit a PR

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/setup_help.yml

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-name: "🔧 Setup / Installation Help"
-description: Having trouble installing or configuring Hermes? Ask here.
-title: "[Setup]: "
-labels: ["setup"]
-body:
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |
-        Sorry you're having trouble! Please fill out the details below so we can help.
-
-        **Quick checks first:**
-        - Run `hermes doctor` and include the output below
-        - Try `hermes update` to get the latest version
-        - Check the [README troubleshooting section](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent#troubleshooting)
-        - For general questions, consider the [Nous Research Discord](https://discord.gg/NousResearch) for faster help
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: description
-    attributes:
-      label: What's Going Wrong?
-      description: Describe what you're trying to do and where it fails.
-      placeholder: |
-        I ran `hermes setup` and selected Nous Portal, but when I try to
-        start the gateway I get...
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: steps
-    attributes:
-      label: Steps Taken
-      description: What did you do? Include the exact commands you ran.
-      placeholder: |
-        1. Ran the install script: `curl -fsSL ... | bash`
-        2. Ran `hermes setup` and chose "Quick setup"
-        3. Selected OpenRouter, entered API key
-        4. Ran `hermes chat` and got error...
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: install-method
-    attributes:
-      label: Installation Method
-      options:
-        - Install script (curl | bash)
-        - Manual clone + pip/uv install
-        - PowerShell installer (Windows)
-        - Docker
-        - Other
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: input
-    id: os
-    attributes:
-      label: Operating System
-      placeholder: Ubuntu 24.04 / macOS 15.2 / Windows 11
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: input
-    id: python-version
-    attributes:
-      label: Python Version
-      description: Output of `python --version` (or `python3 --version`)
-      placeholder: "3.11.9"
-
-  - type: input
-    id: hermes-version
-    attributes:
-      label: Hermes Version
-      description: Output of `hermes version` (if install got that far)
-      placeholder: "2.1.0"
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: doctor-output
-    attributes:
-      label: Output of `hermes doctor`
-      description: Run `hermes doctor` and paste the full output. This will be auto-formatted.
-      render: shell
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: error-output
-    attributes:
-      label: Full Error Output
-      description: Paste the complete error message or traceback. This will be auto-formatted.
-      render: shell
-    validations:
-      required: true
-
-  - type: textarea
-    id: tried
-    attributes:
-      label: What I've Already Tried
-      description: List any fixes or workarounds you've already attempted.
-      placeholder: |
-        - Ran `hermes update`
-        - Tried reinstalling with `pip install -e ".[all]"`
-        - Checked that OPENROUTER_API_KEY is set in ~/.hermes/.env

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-## What does this PR do?
-
-<!-- Describe the change clearly. What problem does it solve? Why is this approach the right one? -->
-
-
-
-## Related Issue
-
-<!-- Link the issue this PR addresses. If no issue exists, consider creating one first. -->
-
-Fixes #
-
-## Type of Change
-
-<!-- Check the one that applies. -->
-
-- [ ] 🐛 Bug fix (non-breaking change that fixes an issue)
-- [ ] ✨ New feature (non-breaking change that adds functionality)
-- [ ] 🔒 Security fix
-- [ ] 📝 Documentation update
-- [ ] ✅ Tests (adding or improving test coverage)
-- [ ] ♻️ Refactor (no behavior change)
-- [ ] 🎯 New skill (bundled or hub)
-
-## Changes Made
-
-<!-- List the specific changes. Include file paths for code changes. -->
-
-- 
-
-## How to Test
-
-<!-- Steps to verify this change works. For bugs: reproduction steps + proof that the fix works. -->
-
-1. 
-2. 
-3. 
-
-## Checklist
-
-<!-- Complete these before requesting review. -->
-
-### Code
-
-- [ ] I've read the [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)
-- [ ] My commit messages follow [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/) (`fix(scope):`, `feat(scope):`, etc.)
-- [ ] I searched for [existing PRs](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/pulls) to make sure this isn't a duplicate
-- [ ] My PR contains **only** changes related to this fix/feature (no unrelated commits)
-- [ ] I've run `pytest tests/ -q` and all tests pass
-- [ ] I've added tests for my changes (required for bug fixes, strongly encouraged for features)
-- [ ] I've tested on my platform: <!-- e.g. Ubuntu 24.04, macOS 15.2, Windows 11 -->
-
-### Documentation & Housekeeping
-
-<!-- Check all that apply. It's OK to check "N/A" if a category doesn't apply to your change. -->
-
-- [ ] I've updated relevant documentation (README, `docs/`, docstrings) — or N/A
-- [ ] I've updated `cli-config.yaml.example` if I added/changed config keys — or N/A
-- [ ] I've updated `CONTRIBUTING.md` or `AGENTS.md` if I changed architecture or workflows — or N/A
-- [ ] I've considered cross-platform impact (Windows, macOS) per the [compatibility guide](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#cross-platform-compatibility) — or N/A
-- [ ] I've updated tool descriptions/schemas if I changed tool behavior — or N/A
-
-## For New Skills
-
-<!-- Only fill this out if you're adding a skill. Delete this section otherwise. -->
-
-- [ ] This skill is **broadly useful** to most users (if bundled) — see [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#should-the-skill-be-bundled)
-- [ ] SKILL.md follows the [standard format](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#skillmd-format) (frontmatter, trigger conditions, steps, pitfalls)
-- [ ] No external dependencies that aren't already available (prefer stdlib, curl, existing Hermes tools)
-- [ ] I've tested the skill end-to-end: `hermes --toolsets skills -q "Use the X skill to do Y"`
-
-## Screenshots / Logs
-
-<!-- If applicable, add screenshots or log output showing the fix/feature in action. -->
-

.github/workflows/deploy-site.yml

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-name: Deploy Site
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-    paths:
-      - 'website/**'
-      - 'landingpage/**'
-      - '.github/workflows/deploy-site.yml'
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-permissions:
-  pages: write
-  id-token: write
-
-concurrency:
-  group: pages
-  cancel-in-progress: false
-
-jobs:
-  build-and-deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    environment:
-      name: github-pages
-      url: ${{ steps.deploy.outputs.page_url }}
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: 20
-          cache: npm
-          cache-dependency-path: website/package-lock.json
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-        working-directory: website
-
-      - name: Build Docusaurus
-        run: npm run build
-        working-directory: website
-
-      - name: Stage deployment
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p _site/docs
-          # Landing page at root
-          cp -r landingpage/* _site/
-          # Docusaurus at /docs/
-          cp -r website/build/* _site/docs/
-          # CNAME so GitHub Pages keeps the custom domain between deploys
-          echo "hermes-agent.nousresearch.com" > _site/CNAME
-
-      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
-        with:
-          path: _site
-
-      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
-        id: deploy
-        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-name: Tests
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [main]
-
-# Cancel in-progress runs for the same PR/branch
-concurrency:
-  group: tests-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-jobs:
-  test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Install uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v5
-
-      - name: Set up Python 3.11
-        run: uv python install 3.11
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: |
-          uv venv .venv --python 3.11
-          source .venv/bin/activate
-          uv pip install -e ".[all,dev]"
-
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: |
-          source .venv/bin/activate
-          python -m pytest tests/ -q --ignore=tests/integration --tb=short
-        env:
-          # Ensure tests don't accidentally call real APIs
-          OPENROUTER_API_KEY: ""
-          OPENAI_API_KEY: ""
-          NOUS_API_KEY: ""

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /venv/
 /_pycache/
+hecate/
+hecate-lib/
 *.pyc*
 __pycache__/
 .venv/
@@ -45,7 +47,26 @@ testlogs
 # CLI config (may contain sensitive SSH paths)
 cli-config.yaml
 
-# Skills Hub state (lives in ~/.hermes/skills/.hub/ at runtime, but just in case)
-skills/.hub/
-ignored/
-.worktrees/
+.DS_Store
+
+# artifacts
+*.jsonl
+*.html
+*.json
+*.log
+*.csv
+
+# Singularity/Apptainer images (large binary files)
+*.sif
+
+# Test files
+test_singularity_*.py
+test_*.py
+!tests/test_*.py
+
+# Nomad data
+/tmp/NomadClient*/
+
+*.egg-info*
+wandb
+logs

.plans/openai-api-server.md

@@ -1,291 +0,0 @@
-# OpenAI-Compatible API Server for Hermes Agent
-
-## Motivation
-
-Every major chat frontend (Open WebUI 126k★, LobeChat 73k★, LibreChat 34k★,
-AnythingLLM 56k★, NextChat 87k★, ChatBox 39k★, Jan 26k★, HF Chat-UI 8k★,
-big-AGI 7k★) connects to backends via the OpenAI-compatible REST API with
-SSE streaming. By exposing this endpoint, hermes-agent becomes instantly
-usable as a backend for all of them — no custom adapters needed.
-
-## What It Enables
-
-```
-┌──────────────────┐
-│  Open WebUI      │──┐
-│  LobeChat        │  │    POST /v1/chat/completions
-│  LibreChat       │  ├──► Authorization: Bearer <key>     ┌─────────────────┐
-│  AnythingLLM     │  │    {"messages": [...]}             │  hermes-agent   │
-│  NextChat        │  │                                    │  gateway        │
-│  Any OAI client  │──┘    ◄── SSE streaming response      │  (API server)   │
-└──────────────────┘                                        └─────────────────┘
-```
-
-A user would:
-1. Set `API_SERVER_ENABLED=true` in `~/.hermes/.env`
-2. Run `hermes gateway` (API server starts alongside Telegram/Discord/etc.)
-3. Point Open WebUI (or any frontend) at `http://localhost:8642/v1`
-4. Chat with hermes-agent through any OpenAI-compatible UI
-
-## Endpoints
-
-| Method | Path | Purpose |
-|--------|------|---------|
-| POST | `/v1/chat/completions` | Chat with the agent (streaming + non-streaming) |
-| GET | `/v1/models` | List available "models" (returns hermes-agent as a model) |
-| GET | `/health` | Health check |
-
-## Architecture
-
-### Option A: Gateway Platform Adapter (recommended)
-
-Create `gateway/platforms/api_server.py` as a new platform adapter that
-extends `BasePlatformAdapter`. This is the cleanest approach because:
-
-- Reuses all gateway infrastructure (session management, auth, context building)
-- Runs in the same async loop as other adapters
-- Gets message handling, interrupt support, and session persistence for free
-- Follows the established pattern (like Telegram, Discord, etc.)
-- Uses `aiohttp.web` (already a dependency) for the HTTP server
-
-The adapter would start an `aiohttp.web.Application` server in `connect()`
-and route incoming HTTP requests through the standard `handle_message()` pipeline.
-
-### Option B: Standalone Component
-
-A separate HTTP server class in `gateway/api_server.py` that creates its own
-AIAgent instances directly. Simpler but duplicates session/auth logic.
-
-**Recommendation: Option A** — fits the existing architecture, less code to
-maintain, gets all gateway features for free.
-
-## Request/Response Format
-
-### Chat Completions (non-streaming)
-
-```
-POST /v1/chat/completions
-Authorization: Bearer hermes-api-key-here
-Content-Type: application/json
-
-{
-  "model": "hermes-agent",
-  "messages": [
-    {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant."},
-    {"role": "user", "content": "What files are in the current directory?"}
-  ],
-  "stream": false,
-  "temperature": 0.7
-}
-```
-
-Response:
-```json
-{
-  "id": "chatcmpl-abc123",
-  "object": "chat.completion",
-  "created": 1710000000,
-  "model": "hermes-agent",
-  "choices": [{
-    "index": 0,
-    "message": {
-      "role": "assistant",
-      "content": "Here are the files in the current directory:\n..."
-    },
-    "finish_reason": "stop"
-  }],
-  "usage": {
-    "prompt_tokens": 50,
-    "completion_tokens": 200,
-    "total_tokens": 250
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### Chat Completions (streaming)
-
-Same request with `"stream": true`. Response is SSE:
-
-```
-data: {"id":"chatcmpl-abc123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"role":"assistant"},"finish_reason":null}]}
-
-data: {"id":"chatcmpl-abc123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"content":"Here "},"finish_reason":null}]}
-
-data: {"id":"chatcmpl-abc123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{"content":"are "},"finish_reason":null}]}
-
-data: {"id":"chatcmpl-abc123","object":"chat.completion.chunk","choices":[{"index":0,"delta":{},"finish_reason":"stop"}]}
-
-data: [DONE]
-```
-
-### Models List
-
-```
-GET /v1/models
-Authorization: Bearer hermes-api-key-here
-```
-
-Response:
-```json
-{
-  "object": "list",
-  "data": [{
-    "id": "hermes-agent",
-    "object": "model",
-    "created": 1710000000,
-    "owned_by": "hermes-agent"
-  }]
-}
-```
-
-## Key Design Decisions
-
-### 1. Session Management
-
-The OpenAI API is stateless — each request includes the full conversation.
-But hermes-agent sessions have persistent state (memory, skills, tool context).
-
-**Approach: Hybrid**
-- Default: Stateless. Each request is independent. The `messages` array IS
-  the conversation. No session persistence between requests.
-- Opt-in persistent sessions via `X-Session-ID` header. When provided, the
-  server maintains session state across requests (conversation history,
-  memory context, tool state). This enables richer agent behavior.
-- The session ID also enables interrupt support — a subsequent request with
-  the same session ID while one is running triggers an interrupt.
-
-### 2. Streaming
-
-The agent's `run_conversation()` is synchronous and returns the full response.
-For real SSE streaming, we need to emit chunks as they're generated.
-
-**Phase 1 (MVP):** Run agent in a thread, return the complete response as
-a single SSE chunk + `[DONE]`. This works with all frontends — they just see
-a fast single-chunk response. Not true streaming but functional.
-
-**Phase 2:** Add a response callback to AIAgent that emits text chunks as the
-LLM generates them. The API server captures these via a queue and streams them
-as SSE events. This gives real token-by-token streaming.
-
-**Phase 3:** Stream tool execution progress too — emit tool call/result events
-as the agent works, giving frontends visibility into what the agent is doing.
-
-### 3. Tool Transparency
-
-Two modes:
-- **Opaque (default):** Frontends see only the final response. Tool calls
-  happen server-side and are invisible. Best for general-purpose UIs.
-- **Transparent (opt-in via header):** Tool calls are emitted as OpenAI-format
-  tool_call/tool_result messages in the stream. Useful for agent-aware frontends.
-
-### 4. Authentication
-
-- Bearer token via `Authorization: Bearer <key>` header
-- Token configured via `API_SERVER_KEY` env var
-- Optional: allow unauthenticated local-only access (127.0.0.1 bind)
-- Follows the same pattern as other platform adapters
-
-### 5. Model Mapping
-
-Frontends send `"model": "hermes-agent"` (or whatever). The actual LLM model
-used is configured server-side in config.yaml. The API server maps any
-requested model name to the configured hermes-agent model.
-
-Optionally, allow model passthrough: if the frontend sends
-`"model": "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4"`, the agent uses that model. Controlled
-by a config flag.
-
-## Configuration
-
-```yaml
-# In config.yaml
-api_server:
-  enabled: true
-  port: 8642
-  host: "127.0.0.1"        # localhost only by default
-  key: "your-secret-key"   # or via API_SERVER_KEY env var
-  allow_model_override: false  # let clients choose the model
-  max_concurrent: 5         # max simultaneous requests
-```
-
-Environment variables:
-```bash
-API_SERVER_ENABLED=true
-API_SERVER_PORT=8642
-API_SERVER_HOST=127.0.0.1
-API_SERVER_KEY=your-secret-key
-```
-
-## Implementation Plan
-
-### Phase 1: MVP (non-streaming) — PR
-
-1. `gateway/platforms/api_server.py` — new adapter
-   - aiohttp.web server with endpoints:
-     - `POST /v1/chat/completions` — Chat Completions API (universal compat)
-     - `POST /v1/responses` — Responses API (server-side state, tool preservation)
-     - `GET /v1/models` — list available models
-     - `GET /health` — health check
-   - Bearer token auth middleware
-   - Non-streaming responses (run agent, return full result)
-   - Chat Completions: stateless, messages array is the conversation
-   - Responses API: server-side conversation storage via previous_response_id
-     - Store full internal conversation (including tool calls) keyed by response ID
-     - On subsequent requests, reconstruct full context from stored chain
-   - Frontend system prompt layered on top of hermes-agent's core prompt
-
-2. `gateway/config.py` — add `Platform.API_SERVER` enum + config
-
-3. `gateway/run.py` — register adapter in `_create_adapter()`
-
-4. Tests in `tests/gateway/test_api_server.py`
-
-### Phase 2: SSE Streaming
-
-1. Add response streaming to both endpoints
-   - Chat Completions: `choices[0].delta.content` SSE format
-   - Responses API: semantic events (response.output_text.delta, etc.)
-   - Run agent in thread, collect output via callback queue
-   - Handle client disconnect (cancel agent)
-
-2. Add `stream_callback` parameter to `AIAgent.run_conversation()`
-
-### Phase 3: Enhanced Features
-
-1. Tool call transparency mode (opt-in)
-2. Model passthrough/override
-3. Concurrent request limiting
-4. Usage tracking / rate limiting
-5. CORS headers for browser-based frontends
-6. GET /v1/responses/{id} — retrieve stored response
-7. DELETE /v1/responses/{id} — delete stored response
-
-## Files Changed
-
-| File | Change |
-|------|--------|
-| `gateway/platforms/api_server.py` | NEW — main adapter (~300 lines) |
-| `gateway/config.py` | Add Platform.API_SERVER + config (~20 lines) |
-| `gateway/run.py` | Register adapter in _create_adapter() (~10 lines) |
-| `tests/gateway/test_api_server.py` | NEW — tests (~200 lines) |
-| `cli-config.yaml.example` | Add api_server section |
-| `README.md` | Mention API server in platform list |
-
-## Compatibility Matrix
-
-Once implemented, hermes-agent works as a drop-in backend for:
-
-| Frontend | Stars | How to Connect |
-|----------|-------|---------------|
-| Open WebUI | 126k | Settings → Connections → Add OpenAI API, URL: `http://localhost:8642/v1` |
-| NextChat | 87k | BASE_URL env var |
-| LobeChat | 73k | Custom provider endpoint |
-| AnythingLLM | 56k | LLM Provider → Generic OpenAI |
-| Oobabooga | 42k | Already a backend, not a frontend |
-| ChatBox | 39k | API Host setting |
-| LibreChat | 34k | librechat.yaml custom endpoint |
-| Chatbot UI | 29k | Custom API endpoint |
-| Jan | 26k | Remote model config |
-| AionUI | 18k | Custom API endpoint |
-| HF Chat-UI | 8k | OPENAI_BASE_URL env var |
-| big-AGI | 7k | Custom endpoint |

.plans/streaming-support.md

@@ -1,705 +0,0 @@
-# Streaming LLM Response Support for Hermes Agent
-
-## Overview
-
-Add token-by-token streaming of LLM responses across all platforms. When enabled,
-users see the response typing out live instead of waiting for the full generation.
-Streaming is opt-in via config, defaults to off, and all existing non-streaming
-code paths remain intact as the default.
-
-## Design Principles
-
-1. **Feature-flagged**: `streaming.enabled: true` in config.yaml. Off by default.
-   When off, all existing code paths are unchanged — zero risk to current behavior.
-2. **Callback-based**: A simple `stream_callback(text_delta: str)` function injected
-   into AIAgent. The agent doesn't know or care what the consumer does with tokens.
-3. **Graceful degradation**: If the provider doesn't support streaming, or streaming
-   fails for any reason, silently fall back to the non-streaming path.
-4. **Platform-agnostic core**: The streaming mechanism in AIAgent works the same
-   regardless of whether the consumer is CLI, Telegram, Discord, or the API server.
-
----
-
-## Architecture
-
-```
-                              stream_callback(delta)
-                                    │
-  ┌─────────────┐    ┌─────────────▼──────────────┐
-  │  LLM API    │    │      queue.Queue()          │
-  │  (stream)   │───►│  thread-safe bridge between │
-  │             │    │  agent thread & consumer    │
-  └─────────────┘    └─────────────┬──────────────┘
-                                   │
-                    ┌──────────────┼──────────────┐
-                    │              │              │
-              ┌─────▼─────┐ ┌─────▼─────┐ ┌─────▼─────┐
-              │    CLI     │ │  Gateway  │ │ API Server│
-              │ print to   │ │ edit msg  │ │ SSE event │
-              │ terminal   │ │ on Tg/Dc  │ │ to client │
-              └───────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────┘
-```
-
-The agent runs in a thread. The callback puts tokens into a thread-safe queue.
-Each consumer reads the queue in its own context (async task, main thread, etc.).
-
----
-
-## Configuration
-
-### config.yaml
-
-```yaml
-streaming:
-  enabled: false          # Master switch. Default off.
-  # Per-platform overrides (optional):
-  # cli: true             # Override for CLI only
-  # telegram: true        # Override for Telegram only
-  # discord: false        # Keep Discord non-streaming
-  # api_server: true      # Override for API server
-```
-
-### Environment variables
-
-```
-HERMES_STREAMING_ENABLED=true    # Master switch via env
-```
-
-### How the flag is read
-
-- **CLI**: `load_cli_config()` reads `streaming.enabled`, sets env var. AIAgent
-  checks at init time.
-- **Gateway**: `_run_agent()` reads config, decides whether to pass
-  `stream_callback` to the AIAgent constructor.
-- **API server**: For Chat Completions `stream=true` requests, always uses streaming
-  regardless of config (the client is explicitly requesting it). For non-stream
-  requests, uses config.
-
-### Precedence
-
-1. API server: client's `stream` field overrides everything
-2. Per-platform config override (e.g., `streaming.telegram: true`)
-3. Master `streaming.enabled` flag
-4. Default: off
-
----
-
-## Implementation Plan
-
-### Phase 1: Core streaming infrastructure in AIAgent
-
-**File: run_agent.py**
-
-#### 1a. Add stream_callback parameter to __init__ (~5 lines)
-
-```python
-def __init__(self, ..., stream_callback: callable = None, ...):
-    self.stream_callback = stream_callback
-```
-
-No other init changes. The callback is optional — when None, everything
-works exactly as before.
-
-#### 1b. Add _run_streaming_chat_completion() method (~65 lines)
-
-New method for Chat Completions API streaming:
-
-```python
-def _run_streaming_chat_completion(self, api_kwargs: dict):
-    """Stream a chat completion, emitting text tokens via stream_callback.
-    
-    Returns a fake response object compatible with the non-streaming code path.
-    Falls back to non-streaming on any error.
-    """
-    stream_kwargs = dict(api_kwargs)
-    stream_kwargs["stream"] = True
-    stream_kwargs["stream_options"] = {"include_usage": True}
-    
-    accumulated_content = []
-    accumulated_tool_calls = {}  # index -> {id, name, arguments}
-    final_usage = None
-    
-    try:
-        stream = self.client.chat.completions.create(**stream_kwargs)
-        
-        for chunk in stream:
-            if not chunk.choices:
-                # Usage-only chunk (final)
-                if chunk.usage:
-                    final_usage = chunk.usage
-                continue
-            
-            delta = chunk.choices[0].delta
-            
-            # Text content — emit via callback
-            if delta.content:
-                accumulated_content.append(delta.content)
-                if self.stream_callback:
-                    try:
-                        self.stream_callback(delta.content)
-                    except Exception:
-                        pass
-            
-            # Tool call deltas — accumulate silently
-            if delta.tool_calls:
-                for tc_delta in delta.tool_calls:
-                    idx = tc_delta.index
-                    if idx not in accumulated_tool_calls:
-                        accumulated_tool_calls[idx] = {
-                            "id": tc_delta.id or "",
-                            "name": "", "arguments": ""
-                        }
-                    if tc_delta.function:
-                        if tc_delta.function.name:
-                            accumulated_tool_calls[idx]["name"] = tc_delta.function.name
-                        if tc_delta.function.arguments:
-                            accumulated_tool_calls[idx]["arguments"] += tc_delta.function.arguments
-        
-        # Build fake response compatible with existing code
-        tool_calls = []
-        for idx in sorted(accumulated_tool_calls):
-            tc = accumulated_tool_calls[idx]
-            if tc["name"]:
-                tool_calls.append(SimpleNamespace(
-                    id=tc["id"], type="function",
-                    function=SimpleNamespace(name=tc["name"], arguments=tc["arguments"]),
-                ))
-        
-        return SimpleNamespace(
-            choices=[SimpleNamespace(
-                message=SimpleNamespace(
-                    content="".join(accumulated_content) or "",
-                    tool_calls=tool_calls or None,
-                    role="assistant",
-                ),
-                finish_reason="tool_calls" if tool_calls else "stop",
-            )],
-            usage=final_usage,
-            model=self.model,
-        )
-    
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.debug("Streaming failed, falling back to non-streaming: %s", e)
-        return self.client.chat.completions.create(**api_kwargs)
-```
-
-#### 1c. Modify _run_codex_stream() for Responses API (~10 lines)
-
-The method already iterates the stream. Add callback emission:
-
-```python
-def _run_codex_stream(self, api_kwargs: dict):
-    with self.client.responses.stream(**api_kwargs) as stream:
-        for event in stream:
-            # Emit text deltas if streaming callback is set
-            if self.stream_callback and hasattr(event, 'type'):
-                if event.type == 'response.output_text.delta':
-                    try:
-                        self.stream_callback(event.delta)
-                    except Exception:
-                        pass
-        return stream.get_final_response()
-```
-
-#### 1d. Modify _interruptible_api_call() (~5 lines)
-
-Add the streaming branch:
-
-```python
-def _call():
-    try:
-        if self.api_mode == "codex_responses":
-            result["response"] = self._run_codex_stream(api_kwargs)
-        elif self.stream_callback is not None:
-            result["response"] = self._run_streaming_chat_completion(api_kwargs)
-        else:
-            result["response"] = self.client.chat.completions.create(**api_kwargs)
-    except Exception as e:
-        result["error"] = e
-```
-
-#### 1e. Signal end-of-stream to consumers (~5 lines)
-
-After the API call returns, signal the callback that streaming is done
-so consumers can finalize (remove cursor, close SSE, etc.):
-
-```python
-# In run_conversation(), after _interruptible_api_call returns:
-if self.stream_callback:
-    try:
-        self.stream_callback(None)  # None = end of stream signal
-    except Exception:
-        pass
-```
-
-Consumers check: `if delta is None: finalize()`
-
-**Tests for Phase 1:** (~150 lines)
-- Test _run_streaming_chat_completion with mocked stream
-- Test fallback to non-streaming on error
-- Test tool_call accumulation during streaming
-- Test stream_callback receives correct deltas
-- Test None signal at end of stream
-- Test streaming disabled when callback is None
-
----
-
-### Phase 2: Gateway consumers (Telegram, Discord, etc.)
-
-**File: gateway/run.py**
-
-#### 2a. Read streaming config (~15 lines)
-
-In `_run_agent()`, before creating the AIAgent:
-
-```python
-# Read streaming config
-_streaming_enabled = False
-try:
-    # Check per-platform override first
-    platform_key = source.platform.value if source.platform else ""
-    _stream_cfg = {}  # loaded from config.yaml streaming section
-    if _stream_cfg.get(platform_key) is not None:
-        _streaming_enabled = bool(_stream_cfg[platform_key])
-    else:
-        _streaming_enabled = bool(_stream_cfg.get("enabled", False))
-except Exception:
-    pass
-# Env var override
-if os.getenv("HERMES_STREAMING_ENABLED", "").lower() in ("true", "1", "yes"):
-    _streaming_enabled = True
-```
-
-#### 2b. Set up queue + callback (~15 lines)
-
-```python
-_stream_q = None
-_stream_done = None
-_stream_msg_id = [None]  # mutable ref for the async task
-
-if _streaming_enabled:
-    import queue as _q
-    _stream_q = _q.Queue()
-    _stream_done = threading.Event()
-    
-    def _on_token(delta):
-        if delta is None:
-            _stream_done.set()
-        else:
-            _stream_q.put(delta)
-```
-
-Pass `stream_callback=_on_token` to the AIAgent constructor.
-
-#### 2c. Telegram/Discord stream preview task (~50 lines)
-
-```python
-async def stream_preview():
-    """Progressively edit a message with streaming tokens."""
-    if not _stream_q:
-        return
-    adapter = self.adapters.get(source.platform)
-    if not adapter:
-        return
-    
-    accumulated = []
-    token_count = 0
-    last_edit = 0.0
-    MIN_TOKENS = 20          # Don't show until enough context
-    EDIT_INTERVAL = 1.5      # Respect Telegram rate limits
-    
-    try:
-        while not _stream_done.is_set():
-            try:
-                chunk = _stream_q.get(timeout=0.1)
-                accumulated.append(chunk)
-                token_count += 1
-            except queue.Empty:
-                continue
-            
-            now = time.monotonic()
-            if token_count >= MIN_TOKENS and (now - last_edit) >= EDIT_INTERVAL:
-                preview = "".join(accumulated) + " ▌"
-                if _stream_msg_id[0] is None:
-                    r = await adapter.send(
-                        chat_id=source.chat_id,
-                        content=preview,
-                        metadata=_thread_metadata,
-                    )
-                    if r.success and r.message_id:
-                        _stream_msg_id[0] = r.message_id
-                else:
-                    await adapter.edit_message(
-                        chat_id=source.chat_id,
-                        message_id=_stream_msg_id[0],
-                        content=preview,
-                    )
-                last_edit = now
-        
-        # Drain remaining tokens
-        while not _stream_q.empty():
-            accumulated.append(_stream_q.get_nowait())
-        
-        # Final edit — remove cursor, show complete text
-        if _stream_msg_id[0] and accumulated:
-            await adapter.edit_message(
-                chat_id=source.chat_id,
-                message_id=_stream_msg_id[0],
-                content="".join(accumulated),
-            )
-    
-    except asyncio.CancelledError:
-        # Clean up on cancel
-        if _stream_msg_id[0] and accumulated:
-            try:
-                await adapter.edit_message(
-                    chat_id=source.chat_id,
-                    message_id=_stream_msg_id[0],
-                    content="".join(accumulated),
-                )
-            except Exception:
-                pass
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.debug("stream_preview error: %s", e)
-```
-
-#### 2d. Skip final send if already streamed (~10 lines)
-
-In `_process_message_background()` (base.py), after getting the response,
-if streaming was active and `_stream_msg_id[0]` is set, the final response
-was already delivered via progressive edits. Skip the normal `self.send()`
-call to avoid duplicating the message.
-
-This is the most delicate integration point — we need to communicate from
-the gateway's `_run_agent` back to the base adapter's response sender that
-the response was already delivered. Options:
-
-- **Option A**: Return a special marker in the result dict:
-  `result["_streamed_msg_id"] = _stream_msg_id[0]`
-  The base adapter checks this and skips `send()`.
-  
-- **Option B**: Edit the already-sent message with the final response
-  (which may differ slightly from accumulated tokens due to think-block
-  stripping, etc.) and don't send a new one.
-
-- **Option C**: The stream preview task handles the FULL final response
-  (including any post-processing), and the handler returns None to skip
-  the normal send path.
-
-Recommended: **Option A** — cleanest separation. The result dict already
-carries metadata; adding one more field is low-risk.
-
-**Platform-specific considerations:**
-
-| Platform | Edit support | Rate limits | Streaming approach |
-|----------|-------------|-------------|-------------------|
-| Telegram | ✅ edit_message_text | ~20 edits/min | Edit every 1.5s |
-| Discord | ✅ message.edit | 5 edits/5s per message | Edit every 1.2s |
-| Slack | ✅ chat.update | Tier 3 (~50/min) | Edit every 1.5s |
-| WhatsApp | ❌ no edit support | N/A | Skip streaming, use normal path |
-| HomeAssistant | ❌ no edit | N/A | Skip streaming |
-| API Server | ✅ SSE native | No limit | Real SSE events |
-
-WhatsApp and HomeAssistant fall back to non-streaming automatically because
-they don't support message editing.
-
-**Tests for Phase 2:** (~100 lines)
-- Test stream_preview sends/edits correctly
-- Test skip-final-send when streaming delivered
-- Test WhatsApp/HA graceful fallback
-- Test streaming disabled per-platform config
-- Test thread_id metadata forwarded in stream messages
-
----
-
-### Phase 3: CLI streaming
-
-**File: cli.py**
-
-#### 3a. Set up callback in the CLI chat loop (~20 lines)
-
-In `_chat_once()` or wherever the agent is invoked:
-
-```python
-if streaming_enabled:
-    _stream_q = queue.Queue()
-    _stream_done = threading.Event()
-    
-    def _cli_stream_callback(delta):
-        if delta is None:
-            _stream_done.set()
-        else:
-            _stream_q.put(delta)
-    
-    agent.stream_callback = _cli_stream_callback
-```
-
-#### 3b. Token display thread/task (~30 lines)
-
-Start a thread that reads the queue and prints tokens:
-
-```python
-def _stream_display():
-    """Print tokens to terminal as they arrive."""
-    first_token = True
-    while not _stream_done.is_set():
-        try:
-            delta = _stream_q.get(timeout=0.1)
-        except queue.Empty:
-            continue
-        if first_token:
-            # Print response box top border
-            _cprint(f"\n{top}")
-            first_token = False
-        sys.stdout.write(delta)
-        sys.stdout.flush()
-    # Drain remaining
-    while not _stream_q.empty():
-        sys.stdout.write(_stream_q.get_nowait())
-    sys.stdout.flush()
-    # Print bottom border
-    _cprint(f"\n\n{bot}")
-```
-
-**Integration challenge: prompt_toolkit**
-
-The CLI uses prompt_toolkit which controls the terminal. Writing directly
-to stdout while prompt_toolkit is active can cause display corruption.
-The existing KawaiiSpinner already solves this by using prompt_toolkit's
-`patch_stdout` context. The streaming display would need to do the same.
-
-Alternative: use `_cprint()` for each token chunk (routes through
-prompt_toolkit's renderer). But this might be slow for individual tokens.
-
-Recommended approach: accumulate tokens in small batches (e.g., every 50ms)
-and `_cprint()` the batch. This balances display responsiveness with
-prompt_toolkit compatibility.
-
-**Tests for Phase 3:** (~50 lines)
-- Test CLI streaming callback setup
-- Test response box borders with streaming
-- Test fallback when streaming disabled
-
----
-
-### Phase 4: API Server real streaming
-
-**File: gateway/platforms/api_server.py**
-
-Replace the pseudo-streaming `_write_sse_chat_completion()` with real
-token-by-token SSE when the agent supports it.
-
-#### 4a. Wire streaming callback for stream=true requests (~20 lines)
-
-```python
-if stream:
-    _stream_q = queue.Queue()
-    
-    def _api_stream_callback(delta):
-        _stream_q.put(delta)  # None = done
-    
-    # Pass callback to _run_agent
-    result, usage = await self._run_agent(
-        ..., stream_callback=_api_stream_callback,
-    )
-```
-
-#### 4b. Real SSE writer (~40 lines)
-
-```python
-async def _write_real_sse(self, request, completion_id, model, stream_q):
-    response = web.StreamResponse(
-        headers={"Content-Type": "text/event-stream", "Cache-Control": "no-cache"},
-    )
-    await response.prepare(request)
-    
-    # Role chunk
-    await response.write(...)
-    
-    # Stream content chunks as they arrive
-    while True:
-        try:
-            delta = await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(
-                None, lambda: stream_q.get(timeout=0.1)
-            )
-        except queue.Empty:
-            continue
-        
-        if delta is None:  # End of stream
-            break
-        
-        chunk = {"id": completion_id, "object": "chat.completion.chunk", ...
-                 "choices": [{"delta": {"content": delta}, ...}]}
-        await response.write(f"data: {json.dumps(chunk)}\n\n".encode())
-    
-    # Finish + [DONE]
-    await response.write(...)
-    await response.write(b"data: [DONE]\n\n")
-    return response
-```
-
-**Challenge: concurrent execution**
-
-The agent runs in a thread executor. SSE writing happens in the async event
-loop. The queue bridges them. But `_run_agent()` currently awaits the full
-result before returning. For real streaming, we need to start the agent in
-the background and stream tokens while it runs:
-
-```python
-# Start agent in background
-agent_task = asyncio.create_task(self._run_agent_async(...))
-
-# Stream tokens while agent runs
-await self._write_real_sse(request, ..., stream_q)
-
-# Agent is done by now (stream_q received None)
-result, usage = await agent_task
-```
-
-This requires splitting `_run_agent` into an async version that doesn't
-block waiting for the result, or running it in a separate task.
-
-**Responses API SSE format:**
-
-For `/v1/responses` with `stream=true`, the SSE events are different:
-
-```
-event: response.output_text.delta
-data: {"type":"response.output_text.delta","delta":"Hello"}
-
-event: response.completed  
-data: {"type":"response.completed","response":{...}}
-```
-
-This needs a separate SSE writer that emits Responses API format events.
-
-**Tests for Phase 4:** (~80 lines)
-- Test real SSE streaming with mocked agent
-- Test SSE event format (Chat Completions vs Responses)
-- Test client disconnect during streaming
-- Test fallback to pseudo-streaming when callback not available
-
----
-
-## Integration Issues & Edge Cases
-
-### 1. Tool calls during streaming
-
-When the model returns tool calls instead of text, no text tokens are emitted.
-The stream_callback is simply never called with text. After tools execute, the
-next API call may produce the final text response — streaming picks up again.
-
-The stream preview task needs to handle this: if no tokens arrive during a
-tool-call round, don't send/edit any message. The tool progress messages
-continue working as before.
-
-### 2. Duplicate messages
-
-The biggest risk: the agent sends the final response normally (via the
-existing send path) AND the stream preview already showed it. The user
-sees the response twice.
-
-Prevention: when streaming is active and tokens were delivered, the final
-response send must be suppressed. The `result["_streamed_msg_id"]` marker
-tells the base adapter to skip its normal send.
-
-### 3. Response post-processing
-
-The final response may differ from the accumulated streamed tokens:
-- Think block stripping (`<think>...</think>` removed)
-- Trailing whitespace cleanup
-- Tool result media tag appending
-
-The stream preview shows raw tokens. The final edit should use the
-post-processed version. This means the final edit (removing the cursor)
-should use the post-processed `final_response`, not just the accumulated
-stream text.
-
-### 4. Context compression during streaming
-
-If the agent triggers context compression mid-conversation, the streaming
-tokens from BEFORE compression are from a different context than those
-after. This isn't a problem in practice — compression happens between
-API calls, not during streaming.
-
-### 5. Interrupt during streaming
-
-User sends a new message while streaming → interrupt. The stream is killed
-(HTTP connection closed), accumulated tokens are shown as-is (no cursor),
-and the interrupt message is processed normally. This is already handled by
-`_interruptible_api_call` closing the client.
-
-### 6. Multi-model / fallback
-
-If the primary model fails and the agent falls back to a different model,
-streaming state resets. The fallback call may or may not support streaming.
-The graceful fallback in `_run_streaming_chat_completion` handles this.
-
-### 7. Rate limiting on edits
-
-Telegram: ~20 edits/minute (~1 every 3 seconds to be safe)
-Discord: 5 edits per 5 seconds per message
-Slack: ~50 API calls/minute
-
-The 1.5s edit interval is conservative enough for all platforms. If we get
-429 rate limit errors on edits, just skip that edit cycle and try next time.
-
----
-
-## Files Changed Summary
-
-| File | Phase | Changes |
-|------|-------|---------|
-| `run_agent.py` | 1 | +stream_callback param, +_run_streaming_chat_completion(), modify _run_codex_stream(), modify _interruptible_api_call() |
-| `gateway/run.py` | 2 | +streaming config reader, +queue/callback setup, +stream_preview task, +skip-final-send logic |
-| `gateway/platforms/base.py` | 2 | +check for _streamed_msg_id in response handler |
-| `cli.py` | 3 | +streaming setup, +token display, +response box integration |
-| `gateway/platforms/api_server.py` | 4 | +real SSE writer, +streaming callback wiring |
-| `hermes_cli/config.py` | 1 | +streaming config defaults |
-| `cli-config.yaml.example` | 1 | +streaming section |
-| `tests/test_streaming.py` | 1-4 | NEW — ~380 lines of tests |
-
-**Total new code**: ~500 lines across all phases
-**Total test code**: ~380 lines
-
----
-
-## Rollout Plan
-
-1. **Phase 1** (core): Merge to main. Streaming disabled by default.
-   Zero impact on existing behavior. Can be tested with env var.
-
-2. **Phase 2** (gateway): Merge to main. Test on Telegram manually.
-   Enable per-platform: `streaming.telegram: true` in config.
-
-3. **Phase 3** (CLI): Merge to main. Test in terminal.
-   Enable: `streaming.cli: true` or `streaming.enabled: true`.
-
-4. **Phase 4** (API server): Merge to main. Test with Open WebUI.
-   Auto-enabled when client sends `stream: true`.
-
-Each phase is independently mergeable and testable. Streaming stays
-off by default throughout. Once all phases are stable, consider
-changing the default to enabled.
-
----
-
-## Config Reference (final state)
-
-```yaml
-# config.yaml
-streaming:
-  enabled: false          # Master switch (default: off)
-  cli: true               # Per-platform override
-  telegram: true
-  discord: true
-  slack: true
-  api_server: true        # API server always streams when client requests it
-  edit_interval: 1.5      # Seconds between message edits (default: 1.5)
-  min_tokens: 20          # Tokens before first display (default: 20)
-```
-
-```bash
-# Environment variable override
-HERMES_STREAMING_ENABLED=true
-```

AGENTS.md

@@ -1,349 +1,533 @@
 # Hermes Agent - Development Guide
 
-Instructions for AI coding assistants and developers working on the hermes-agent codebase.
+Instructions for AI coding assistants (GitHub Copilot, Cursor, etc.) and human developers.
+
+Hermes-Agent is an AI agent harness with tool-calling capabilities, interactive CLI, messaging integrations, and scheduled tasks.
 
 ## Development Environment
 
+**IMPORTANT**: Always use the virtual environment if it exists:
 ```bash
-source .venv/bin/activate  # ALWAYS activate before running Python
+source venv/bin/activate  # Before running any Python commands
 ```
 
 ## Project Structure
 
 ```
 hermes-agent/
-├── run_agent.py          # AIAgent class — core conversation loop
-├── model_tools.py        # Tool orchestration, _discover_tools(), handle_function_call()
-├── toolsets.py           # Toolset definitions, _HERMES_CORE_TOOLS list
-├── cli.py                # HermesCLI class — interactive CLI orchestrator
-├── hermes_state.py       # SessionDB — SQLite session store (FTS5 search)
-├── agent/                # Agent internals
-│   ├── prompt_builder.py     # System prompt assembly
-│   ├── context_compressor.py # Auto context compression
-│   ├── prompt_caching.py     # Anthropic prompt caching
-│   ├── auxiliary_client.py   # Auxiliary LLM client (vision, summarization)
-│   ├── model_metadata.py     # Model context lengths, token estimation
-│   ├── display.py            # KawaiiSpinner, tool preview formatting
-│   ├── skill_commands.py     # Skill slash commands (shared CLI/gateway)
-│   └── trajectory.py         # Trajectory saving helpers
-├── hermes_cli/           # CLI subcommands and setup
-│   ├── main.py           # Entry point — all `hermes` subcommands
-│   ├── config.py         # DEFAULT_CONFIG, OPTIONAL_ENV_VARS, migration
-│   ├── commands.py       # Slash command definitions + SlashCommandCompleter
-│   ├── callbacks.py      # Terminal callbacks (clarify, sudo, approval)
+├── hermes_cli/           # Unified CLI commands
+│   ├── main.py           # Entry point, command dispatcher
 │   ├── setup.py          # Interactive setup wizard
-│   ├── skin_engine.py    # Skin/theme engine — CLI visual customization
-│   ├── skills_config.py  # `hermes skills` — enable/disable skills per platform
-│   ├── tools_config.py   # `hermes tools` — enable/disable tools per platform
-│   ├── skills_hub.py     # `/skills` slash command (search, browse, install)
-│   ├── models.py         # Model catalog, provider model lists
-│   └── auth.py           # Provider credential resolution
-├── tools/                # Tool implementations (one file per tool)
-│   ├── registry.py       # Central tool registry (schemas, handlers, dispatch)
-│   ├── approval.py       # Dangerous command detection
-│   ├── terminal_tool.py  # Terminal orchestration
-│   ├── process_registry.py # Background process management
-│   ├── file_tools.py     # File read/write/search/patch
-│   ├── web_tools.py      # Firecrawl search/extract
-│   ├── browser_tool.py   # Browserbase browser automation
-│   ├── code_execution_tool.py # execute_code sandbox
-│   ├── delegate_tool.py  # Subagent delegation
-│   ├── mcp_tool.py       # MCP client (~1050 lines)
-│   └── environments/     # Terminal backends (local, docker, ssh, modal, daytona, singularity)
-├── gateway/              # Messaging platform gateway
-│   ├── run.py            # Main loop, slash commands, message dispatch
-│   ├── session.py        # SessionStore — conversation persistence
-│   └── platforms/        # Adapters: telegram, discord, slack, whatsapp, homeassistant, signal
-├── acp_adapter/          # ACP server (VS Code / Zed / JetBrains integration)
-├── cron/                 # Scheduler (jobs.py, scheduler.py)
-├── environments/         # RL training environments (Atropos)
-├── tests/                # Pytest suite (~3000 tests)
+│   ├── config.py         # Config management & migration
+│   ├── status.py         # Status display
+│   ├── doctor.py         # Diagnostics
+│   ├── gateway.py        # Gateway management
+│   ├── uninstall.py      # Uninstaller
+│   └── cron.py           # Cron job management
+├── tools/                # Tool implementations
+├── gateway/              # Messaging platform adapters
+├── cron/                 # Scheduler implementation
+├── skills/               # Knowledge documents
+├── cli.py                # Interactive CLI (Rich UI)
+├── run_agent.py          # Agent runner with AIAgent class
+├── model_tools.py        # Tool schemas and handlers
+├── toolsets.py           # Tool groupings
+├── toolset_distributions.py  # Probability-based tool selection
 └── batch_runner.py       # Parallel batch processing
 ```
 
-**User config:** `~/.hermes/config.yaml` (settings), `~/.hermes/.env` (API keys)
+**User Configuration** (stored in `~/.hermes/`):
+- `~/.hermes/config.yaml` - Settings (model, terminal, toolsets, etc.)
+- `~/.hermes/.env` - API keys and secrets
 
 ## File Dependency Chain
 
 ```
-tools/registry.py  (no deps — imported by all tool files)
-       ↑
-tools/*.py  (each calls registry.register() at import time)
-       ↑
-model_tools.py  (imports tools/registry + triggers tool discovery)
-       ↑
-run_agent.py, cli.py, batch_runner.py, environments/
+tools/*.py → tools/__init__.py → model_tools.py → toolsets.py → toolset_distributions.py
+                                       ↑
+run_agent.py ──────────────────────────┘
+cli.py → run_agent.py (uses AIAgent with quiet_mode=True)
+batch_runner.py → run_agent.py + toolset_distributions.py
 ```
 
+Always ensure consistency between tools, model_tools.py, and toolsets.py when changing any of them.
+
 ---
 
-## AIAgent Class (run_agent.py)
+## AIAgent Class
+
+The main agent is implemented in `run_agent.py`:
 
 ```python
 class AIAgent:
-    def __init__(self,
-        model: str = "anthropic/claude-opus-4.6",
-        max_iterations: int = 90,
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model: str = "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4",
+        api_key: str = None,
+        base_url: str = "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1",
+        max_iterations: int = 60,        # Max tool-calling loops
         enabled_toolsets: list = None,
         disabled_toolsets: list = None,
-        quiet_mode: bool = False,
-        save_trajectories: bool = False,
-        platform: str = None,           # "cli", "telegram", etc.
-        session_id: str = None,
-        skip_context_files: bool = False,
-        skip_memory: bool = False,
-        # ... plus provider, api_mode, callbacks, routing params
-    ): ...
-
-    def chat(self, message: str) -> str:
-        """Simple interface — returns final response string."""
-
-    def run_conversation(self, user_message: str, system_message: str = None,
-                         conversation_history: list = None, task_id: str = None) -> dict:
-        """Full interface — returns dict with final_response + messages."""
+        verbose_logging: bool = False,
+        quiet_mode: bool = False,         # Suppress progress output
+        tool_progress_callback: callable = None,  # Called on each tool use
+    ):
+        # Initialize OpenAI client, load tools based on toolsets
+        ...
+    
+    def chat(self, user_message: str, task_id: str = None) -> str:
+        # Main entry point - runs the agent loop
+        ...
 ```
 
 ### Agent Loop
 
-The core loop is inside `run_conversation()` — entirely synchronous:
+The core loop in `_run_agent_loop()`:
+
+```
+1. Add user message to conversation
+2. Call LLM with tools
+3. If LLM returns tool calls:
+   - Execute each tool
+   - Add tool results to conversation
+   - Go to step 2
+4. If LLM returns text response:
+   - Return response to user
+```
 
 ```python
-while api_call_count < self.max_iterations and self.iteration_budget.remaining > 0:
-    response = client.chat.completions.create(model=model, messages=messages, tools=tool_schemas)
+while turns < max_turns:
+    response = client.chat.completions.create(
+        model=model,
+        messages=messages,
+        tools=tool_schemas,
+    )
+    
     if response.tool_calls:
         for tool_call in response.tool_calls:
-            result = handle_function_call(tool_call.name, tool_call.args, task_id)
+            result = await execute_tool(tool_call)
             messages.append(tool_result_message(result))
-        api_call_count += 1
+        turns += 1
     else:
         return response.content
 ```
 
-Messages follow OpenAI format: `{"role": "system/user/assistant/tool", ...}`. Reasoning content is stored in `assistant_msg["reasoning"]`.
+### Conversation Management
+
+Messages are stored as a list of dicts following OpenAI format:
+
+```python
+messages = [
+    {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant..."},
+    {"role": "user", "content": "Search for Python tutorials"},
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": None, "tool_calls": [...]},
+    {"role": "tool", "tool_call_id": "...", "content": "..."},
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": "Here's what I found..."},
+]
+```
+
+### Reasoning Model Support
+
+For models that support chain-of-thought reasoning:
+- Extract `reasoning_content` from API responses
+- Store in `assistant_msg["reasoning"]` for trajectory export
+- Pass back via `reasoning_content` field on subsequent turns
 
 ---
 
 ## CLI Architecture (cli.py)
 
-- **Rich** for banner/panels, **prompt_toolkit** for input with autocomplete
-- **KawaiiSpinner** (`agent/display.py`) — animated faces during API calls, `┊` activity feed for tool results
-- `load_cli_config()` in cli.py merges hardcoded defaults + user config YAML
-- **Skin engine** (`hermes_cli/skin_engine.py`) — data-driven CLI theming; initialized from `display.skin` config key at startup; skins customize banner colors, spinner faces/verbs/wings, tool prefix, response box, branding text
-- `process_command()` is a method on `HermesCLI` (not in commands.py)
-- Skill slash commands: `agent/skill_commands.py` scans `~/.hermes/skills/`, injects as **user message** (not system prompt) to preserve prompt caching
+The interactive CLI uses:
+- **Rich** - For the welcome banner and styled panels
+- **prompt_toolkit** - For fixed input area with history and `patch_stdout`
+- **KawaiiSpinner** (in run_agent.py) - Animated feedback during API calls and tool execution
+
+Key components:
+- `HermesCLI` class - Main CLI controller with commands and conversation loop
+- `load_cli_config()` - Loads config, sets environment variables for terminal
+- `build_welcome_banner()` - Displays ASCII art logo, tools, and skills summary
+- `/commands` - Process user commands like `/help`, `/clear`, `/personality`, etc.
+
+CLI uses `quiet_mode=True` when creating AIAgent to suppress verbose logging.
 
 ### Adding CLI Commands
 
-1. Add to `COMMANDS` dict in `hermes_cli/commands.py`
-2. Add handler in `HermesCLI.process_command()` in `cli.py`
-3. For persistent settings, use `save_config_value()` in `cli.py`
+1. Add to `COMMANDS` dict with description
+2. Add handler in `process_command()` method
+3. For persistent settings, use `save_config_value()` to update config
+
+---
+
+## Hermes CLI Commands
+
+The unified `hermes` command provides all functionality:
+
+| Command | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `hermes` | Interactive chat (default) |
+| `hermes chat -q "..."` | Single query mode |
+| `hermes setup` | Configure API keys and settings |
+| `hermes config` | View current configuration |
+| `hermes config edit` | Open config in editor |
+| `hermes config set KEY VAL` | Set a specific value |
+| `hermes config check` | Check for missing config |
+| `hermes config migrate` | Prompt for missing config interactively |
+| `hermes status` | Show configuration status |
+| `hermes doctor` | Diagnose issues |
+| `hermes update` | Update to latest (checks for new config) |
+| `hermes uninstall` | Uninstall (can keep configs for reinstall) |
+| `hermes gateway` | Start messaging gateway |
+| `hermes cron list` | View scheduled jobs |
+| `hermes version` | Show version info |
+
+---
+
+## Messaging Gateway
+
+The gateway connects Hermes to Telegram, Discord, and WhatsApp.
+
+### Configuration (in `~/.hermes/.env`):
+
+```bash
+# Telegram
+TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN=123456:ABC-DEF...      # From @BotFather
+TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789,987654   # Comma-separated user IDs (from @userinfobot)
+
+# Discord  
+DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN=MTIz...                 # From Developer Portal
+DISCORD_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789012345678  # Comma-separated user IDs
+
+# Agent Behavior
+HERMES_MAX_ITERATIONS=60                  # Max tool-calling iterations
+MESSAGING_CWD=/home/myuser                # Terminal working directory for messaging
+
+# Tool Progress (optional)
+HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS=true                 # Send progress messages
+HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS_MODE=new             # "new" or "all"
+```
+
+### Working Directory Behavior
+
+- **CLI (`hermes` command)**: Uses current directory (`.` → `os.getcwd()`)
+- **Messaging (Telegram/Discord)**: Uses `MESSAGING_CWD` (default: home directory)
+
+This is intentional: CLI users are in a terminal and expect the agent to work in their current directory, while messaging users need a consistent starting location.
+
+### Security (User Allowlists):
+
+**IMPORTANT**: Without an allowlist, anyone who finds your bot can use it!
+
+The gateway checks `{PLATFORM}_ALLOWED_USERS` environment variables:
+- If set: Only listed user IDs can interact with the bot
+- If unset: All users are allowed (dangerous with terminal access!)
+
+Users can find their IDs:
+- **Telegram**: Message [@userinfobot](https://t.me/userinfobot)
+- **Discord**: Enable Developer Mode, right-click name → Copy ID
+
+### Tool Progress Notifications
+
+When `HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS=true`, the bot sends status messages as it works:
+- `💻 \`ls -la\`...` (terminal commands show the actual command)
+- `🔍 web_search...`
+- `📄 web_extract...`
+
+Modes:
+- `new`: Only when switching to a different tool (less spam)
+- `all`: Every single tool call
+
+### Typing Indicator
+
+The gateway keeps the "typing..." indicator active throughout processing, refreshing every 4 seconds. This lets users know the bot is working even during long tool-calling sequences.
+
+### Platform Toolsets:
+
+Each platform has a dedicated toolset in `toolsets.py`:
+- `hermes-telegram`: Full tools including terminal (with safety checks)
+- `hermes-discord`: Full tools including terminal
+- `hermes-whatsapp`: Full tools including terminal
+
+---
+
+## Configuration System
+
+Configuration files are stored in `~/.hermes/` for easy user access:
+- `~/.hermes/config.yaml` - All settings (model, terminal, compression, etc.)
+- `~/.hermes/.env` - API keys and secrets
+
+### Adding New Configuration Options
+
+When adding new configuration variables, you MUST follow this process:
+
+#### For config.yaml options:
+
+1. Add to `DEFAULT_CONFIG` in `hermes_cli/config.py`
+2. **CRITICAL**: Bump `_config_version` in `DEFAULT_CONFIG` when adding required fields
+3. This triggers migration prompts for existing users on next `hermes update` or `hermes setup`
+
+Example:
+```python
+DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
+    # ... existing config ...
+    
+    "new_feature": {
+        "enabled": True,
+        "option": "default_value",
+    },
+    
+    # BUMP THIS when adding required fields
+    "_config_version": 2,  # Was 1, now 2
+}
+```
+
+#### For .env variables (API keys/secrets):
+
+1. Add to `REQUIRED_ENV_VARS` or `OPTIONAL_ENV_VARS` in `hermes_cli/config.py`
+2. Include metadata for the migration system:
+
+```python
+OPTIONAL_ENV_VARS = {
+    # ... existing vars ...
+    "NEW_API_KEY": {
+        "description": "What this key is for",
+        "prompt": "Display name in prompts",
+        "url": "https://where-to-get-it.com/",
+        "tools": ["tools_it_enables"],  # What tools need this
+        "password": True,  # Mask input
+    },
+}
+```
+
+#### Update related files:
+
+- `hermes_cli/setup.py` - Add prompts in the setup wizard
+- `cli-config.yaml.example` - Add example with comments
+- Update README.md if user-facing
+
+### Config Version Migration
+
+The system uses `_config_version` to detect outdated configs:
+
+1. `check_for_missing_config()` compares user config to `DEFAULT_CONFIG`
+2. `migrate_config()` interactively prompts for missing values
+3. Called automatically by `hermes update` and optionally by `hermes setup`
+
+---
+
+## Environment Variables
+
+API keys are loaded from `~/.hermes/.env`:
+- `OPENROUTER_API_KEY` - Main LLM API access (primary provider)
+- `FIRECRAWL_API_KEY` - Web search/extract tools
+- `BROWSERBASE_API_KEY` / `BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID` - Browser automation
+- `FAL_KEY` - Image generation (FLUX model)
+- `NOUS_API_KEY` - Vision and Mixture-of-Agents tools
+
+Terminal tool configuration (in `~/.hermes/config.yaml`):
+- `terminal.backend` - Backend: local, docker, singularity, modal, or ssh
+- `terminal.cwd` - Working directory for CLI ("." = current directory)
+- `terminal.docker_image` - Image for Docker backend
+- `terminal.singularity_image` - Image for Singularity backend
+- `terminal.modal_image` - Image for Modal backend
+- SSH: `TERMINAL_SSH_HOST`, `TERMINAL_SSH_USER`, `TERMINAL_SSH_KEY` in .env
+
+Agent behavior (in `~/.hermes/.env`):
+- `HERMES_MAX_ITERATIONS` - Max tool-calling iterations (default: 60)
+- `MESSAGING_CWD` - Working directory for messaging platforms (default: ~)
+- `HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS` - Enable tool progress messages (`true`/`false`)
+- `HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS_MODE` - Progress mode: `new` (tool changes) or `all`
+
+### Dangerous Command Approval
+
+The terminal tool includes safety checks for potentially destructive commands (e.g., `rm -rf`, `DROP TABLE`, `chmod 777`, etc.):
+
+**Behavior by Backend:**
+- **Docker/Singularity/Modal**: Commands run unrestricted (isolated containers)
+- **Local/SSH**: Dangerous commands trigger approval flow
+
+**Approval Flow (CLI):**
+```
+⚠️  Potentially dangerous command detected: recursive delete
+    rm -rf /tmp/test
+
+    [o]nce  |  [s]ession  |  [a]lways  |  [d]eny
+    Choice [o/s/a/D]: 
+```
+
+**Approval Flow (Messaging):**
+- Command is blocked with explanation
+- Agent explains the command was blocked for safety
+- User must add the pattern to their allowlist via `hermes config edit` or run the command directly on their machine
+
+**Configuration:**
+- `command_allowlist` in `~/.hermes/config.yaml` stores permanently allowed patterns
+- Add patterns via "always" approval or edit directly
+
+**Sudo Handling (Messaging):**
+- If sudo fails over messaging, output includes tip to add `SUDO_PASSWORD` to `~/.hermes/.env`
 
 ---
 
 ## Adding New Tools
 
-Requires changes in **3 files**:
+Follow this strict order to maintain consistency:
+
+1. Create `tools/your_tool.py` with:
+   - Handler function (sync or async) returning a JSON string via `json.dumps()`
+   - `check_*_requirements()` function to verify dependencies (e.g., API keys)
+   - Schema definition following OpenAI function-calling format
+
+2. Export in `tools/__init__.py`:
+   - Import the handler and check function
+   - Add to `__all__` list
+
+3. Register in `model_tools.py`:
+   - Add to `TOOLSET_REQUIREMENTS` if it needs API keys
+   - Create `get_*_tool_definitions()` function or add to existing
+   - Add routing in `handle_function_call()` dispatcher
+   - Update `get_all_tool_names()` with the tool name
+   - Update `get_toolset_for_tool()` mapping
+   - Update `get_available_toolsets()` and `check_toolset_requirements()`
+
+4. Add to toolset in `toolsets.py`:
+   - Add to existing toolset or create new one in TOOLSETS dict
+
+5. If the tool requires an API key:
+   - Add to `OPTIONAL_ENV_VARS` in `hermes_cli/config.py`
+   - The tool will be auto-disabled if the key is missing
+
+6. Optionally add to `toolset_distributions.py` for batch processing
+
+### Tool Implementation Pattern
 
-**1. Create `tools/your_tool.py`:**
 ```python
-import json, os
-from tools.registry import registry
+# tools/example_tool.py
+import json
+import os
 
-def check_requirements() -> bool:
+def check_example_requirements() -> bool:
+    """Check if required API keys/dependencies are available."""
     return bool(os.getenv("EXAMPLE_API_KEY"))
 
 def example_tool(param: str, task_id: str = None) -> str:
-    return json.dumps({"success": True, "data": "..."})
-
-registry.register(
-    name="example_tool",
-    toolset="example",
-    schema={"name": "example_tool", "description": "...", "parameters": {...}},
-    handler=lambda args, **kw: example_tool(param=args.get("param", ""), task_id=kw.get("task_id")),
-    check_fn=check_requirements,
-    requires_env=["EXAMPLE_API_KEY"],
-)
+    """Execute the tool and return JSON string result."""
+    try:
+        result = {"success": True, "data": "..."}
+        return json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False)
+    except Exception as e:
+        return json.dumps({"error": str(e)}, ensure_ascii=False)
 ```
 
-**2. Add import** in `model_tools.py` `_discover_tools()` list.
+All tool handlers MUST return a JSON string. Never return raw dicts.
 
-**3. Add to `toolsets.py`** — either `_HERMES_CORE_TOOLS` (all platforms) or a new toolset.
+### Dynamic Tool Availability
 
-The registry handles schema collection, dispatch, availability checking, and error wrapping. All handlers MUST return a JSON string.
-
-**Agent-level tools** (todo, memory): intercepted by `run_agent.py` before `handle_function_call()`. See `todo_tool.py` for the pattern.
-
----
-
-## Adding Configuration
-
-### config.yaml options:
-1. Add to `DEFAULT_CONFIG` in `hermes_cli/config.py`
-2. Bump `_config_version` (currently 5) to trigger migration for existing users
-
-### .env variables:
-1. Add to `OPTIONAL_ENV_VARS` in `hermes_cli/config.py` with metadata:
-```python
-"NEW_API_KEY": {
-    "description": "What it's for",
-    "prompt": "Display name",
-    "url": "https://...",
-    "password": True,
-    "category": "tool",  # provider, tool, messaging, setting
-},
-```
-
-### Config loaders (two separate systems):
-
-| Loader | Used by | Location |
-|--------|---------|----------|
-| `load_cli_config()` | CLI mode | `cli.py` |
-| `load_config()` | `hermes tools`, `hermes setup` | `hermes_cli/config.py` |
-| Direct YAML load | Gateway | `gateway/run.py` |
-
----
-
-## Skin/Theme System
-
-The skin engine (`hermes_cli/skin_engine.py`) provides data-driven CLI visual customization. Skins are **pure data** — no code changes needed to add a new skin.
-
-### Architecture
-
-```
-hermes_cli/skin_engine.py    # SkinConfig dataclass, built-in skins, YAML loader
-~/.hermes/skins/*.yaml       # User-installed custom skins (drop-in)
-```
-
-- `init_skin_from_config()` — called at CLI startup, reads `display.skin` from config
-- `get_active_skin()` — returns cached `SkinConfig` for the current skin
-- `set_active_skin(name)` — switches skin at runtime (used by `/skin` command)
-- `load_skin(name)` — loads from user skins first, then built-ins, then falls back to default
-- Missing skin values inherit from the `default` skin automatically
-
-### What skins customize
-
-| Element | Skin Key | Used By |
-|---------|----------|---------|
-| Banner panel border | `colors.banner_border` | `banner.py` |
-| Banner panel title | `colors.banner_title` | `banner.py` |
-| Banner section headers | `colors.banner_accent` | `banner.py` |
-| Banner dim text | `colors.banner_dim` | `banner.py` |
-| Banner body text | `colors.banner_text` | `banner.py` |
-| Response box border | `colors.response_border` | `cli.py` |
-| Spinner faces (waiting) | `spinner.waiting_faces` | `display.py` |
-| Spinner faces (thinking) | `spinner.thinking_faces` | `display.py` |
-| Spinner verbs | `spinner.thinking_verbs` | `display.py` |
-| Spinner wings (optional) | `spinner.wings` | `display.py` |
-| Tool output prefix | `tool_prefix` | `display.py` |
-| Agent name | `branding.agent_name` | `banner.py`, `cli.py` |
-| Welcome message | `branding.welcome` | `cli.py` |
-| Response box label | `branding.response_label` | `cli.py` |
-| Prompt symbol | `branding.prompt_symbol` | `cli.py` |
-
-### Built-in skins
-
-- `default` — Classic Hermes gold/kawaii (the current look)
-- `ares` — Crimson/bronze war-god theme with custom spinner wings
-- `mono` — Clean grayscale monochrome
-- `slate` — Cool blue developer-focused theme
-
-### Adding a built-in skin
-
-Add to `_BUILTIN_SKINS` dict in `hermes_cli/skin_engine.py`:
+Tools are automatically disabled when their API keys are missing:
 
 ```python
-"mytheme": {
-    "name": "mytheme",
-    "description": "Short description",
-    "colors": { ... },
-    "spinner": { ... },
-    "branding": { ... },
-    "tool_prefix": "┊",
-},
+# In model_tools.py
+TOOLSET_REQUIREMENTS = {
+    "web": {"env_vars": ["FIRECRAWL_API_KEY"]},
+    "browser": {"env_vars": ["BROWSERBASE_API_KEY", "BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID"]},
+    "creative": {"env_vars": ["FAL_KEY"]},
+}
 ```
 
-### User skins (YAML)
+The `check_tool_availability()` function determines which tools to include.
 
-Users create `~/.hermes/skins/<name>.yaml`:
+### Stateful Tools
 
-```yaml
-name: cyberpunk
-description: Neon-soaked terminal theme
+Tools that maintain state (terminal, browser) require:
+- `task_id` parameter for session isolation between concurrent tasks
+- `cleanup_*()` function to release resources
+- Cleanup is called automatically in run_agent.py after conversation completes
 
-colors:
-  banner_border: "#FF00FF"
-  banner_title: "#00FFFF"
-  banner_accent: "#FF1493"
+---
 
-spinner:
-  thinking_verbs: ["jacking in", "decrypting", "uploading"]
-  wings:
-    - ["⟨⚡", "⚡⟩"]
+## Trajectory Format
 
-branding:
-  agent_name: "Cyber Agent"
-  response_label: " ⚡ Cyber "
-
-tool_prefix: "▏"
+Conversations are saved in ShareGPT format for training:
+```json
+{"from": "system", "value": "System prompt with <tools>...</tools>"}
+{"from": "human", "value": "User message"}
+{"from": "gpt", "value": "<think>reasoning</think>\n<tool_call>{...}</tool_call>"}
+{"from": "tool", "value": "<tool_response>{...}</tool_response>"}
+{"from": "gpt", "value": "Final response"}
 ```
 
-Activate with `/skin cyberpunk` or `display.skin: cyberpunk` in config.yaml.
+Tool calls use `<tool_call>` XML tags, responses use `<tool_response>` tags, reasoning uses `<think>` tags.
+
+### Trajectory Export
+
+```python
+agent = AIAgent(save_trajectories=True)
+agent.chat("Do something")
+# Saves to trajectories/*.jsonl in ShareGPT format
+```
 
 ---
 
-## Important Policies
+## Batch Processing (batch_runner.py)
 
-### Prompt Caching Must Not Break
-
-Hermes-Agent ensures caching remains valid throughout a conversation. **Do NOT implement changes that would:**
-- Alter past context mid-conversation
-- Change toolsets mid-conversation
-- Reload memories or rebuild system prompts mid-conversation
-
-Cache-breaking forces dramatically higher costs. The ONLY time we alter context is during context compression.
-
-### Working Directory Behavior
-- **CLI**: Uses current directory (`.` → `os.getcwd()`)
-- **Messaging**: Uses `MESSAGING_CWD` env var (default: home directory)
-
-### Background Process Notifications (Gateway)
-
-When `terminal(background=true, check_interval=...)` is used, the gateway runs a watcher that
-pushes status updates to the user's chat. Control verbosity with `display.background_process_notifications`
-in config.yaml (or `HERMES_BACKGROUND_NOTIFICATIONS` env var):
-
-- `all` — running-output updates + final message (default)
-- `result` — only the final completion message
-- `error` — only the final message when exit code != 0
-- `off` — no watcher messages at all
-
----
-
-## Known Pitfalls
-
-### DO NOT use `simple_term_menu` for interactive menus
-Rendering bugs in tmux/iTerm2 — ghosting on scroll. Use `curses` (stdlib) instead. See `hermes_cli/tools_config.py` for the pattern.
-
-### DO NOT use `\033[K` (ANSI erase-to-EOL) in spinner/display code
-Leaks as literal `?[K` text under `prompt_toolkit`'s `patch_stdout`. Use space-padding: `f"\r{line}{' ' * pad}"`.
-
-### `_last_resolved_tool_names` is a process-global in `model_tools.py`
-When subagents overwrite this global, `execute_code` calls after delegation may fail with missing tool imports. Known bug.
-
-### Tests must not write to `~/.hermes/`
-The `_isolate_hermes_home` autouse fixture in `tests/conftest.py` redirects `HERMES_HOME` to a temp dir. Never hardcode `~/.hermes/` paths in tests.
-
----
-
-## Testing
+For processing multiple prompts:
+- Parallel execution with multiprocessing
+- Content-based resume for fault tolerance (matches on prompt text, not indices)
+- Toolset distributions control probabilistic tool availability per prompt
+- Output: `data/<run_name>/trajectories.jsonl` (combined) + individual batch files
 
 ```bash
-source .venv/bin/activate
-python -m pytest tests/ -q          # Full suite (~3000 tests, ~3 min)
-python -m pytest tests/test_model_tools.py -q   # Toolset resolution
-python -m pytest tests/test_cli_init.py -q       # CLI config loading
-python -m pytest tests/gateway/ -q               # Gateway tests
-python -m pytest tests/tools/ -q                 # Tool-level tests
+python batch_runner.py \
+    --dataset_file=prompts.jsonl \
+    --batch_size=20 \
+    --num_workers=4 \
+    --run_name=my_run
 ```
 
-Always run the full suite before pushing changes.
+---
+
+## Skills System
+
+Skills are on-demand knowledge documents the agent can load. Located in `skills/` directory:
+
+```
+skills/
+├── mlops/                    # Category folder
+│   ├── axolotl/             # Skill folder
+│   │   ├── SKILL.md         # Main instructions (required)
+│   │   ├── references/      # Additional docs, API specs
+│   │   └── templates/       # Output formats, configs
+│   └── vllm/
+│       └── SKILL.md
+└── example-skill/
+    └── SKILL.md
+```
+
+**Progressive disclosure** (token-efficient):
+1. `skills_categories()` - List category names (~50 tokens)
+2. `skills_list(category)` - Name + description per skill (~3k tokens)
+3. `skill_view(name)` - Full content + tags + linked files
+
+SKILL.md files use YAML frontmatter:
+```yaml
+---
+name: skill-name
+description: Brief description for listing
+tags: [tag1, tag2]
+related_skills: [other-skill]
+version: 1.0.0
+---
+# Skill Content...
+```
+
+Tool files: `tools/skills_tool.py` → `model_tools.py` → `toolsets.py`
+
+---
+
+## Testing Changes
+
+After making changes:
+
+1. Run `hermes doctor` to check setup
+2. Run `hermes config check` to verify config
+3. Test with `hermes chat -q "test message"`
+4. For new config options, test fresh install: `rm -rf ~/.hermes && hermes setup`

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,573 +0,0 @@
-# Contributing to Hermes Agent
-
-Thank you for contributing to Hermes Agent! This guide covers everything you need: setting up your dev environment, understanding the architecture, deciding what to build, and getting your PR merged.
-
----
-
-## Contribution Priorities
-
-We value contributions in this order:
-
-1. **Bug fixes** — crashes, incorrect behavior, data loss. Always top priority.
-2. **Cross-platform compatibility** — Windows, macOS, different Linux distros, different terminal emulators. We want Hermes to work everywhere.
-3. **Security hardening** — shell injection, prompt injection, path traversal, privilege escalation. See [Security](#security-considerations).
-4. **Performance and robustness** — retry logic, error handling, graceful degradation.
-5. **New skills** — but only broadly useful ones. See [Should it be a Skill or a Tool?](#should-it-be-a-skill-or-a-tool)
-6. **New tools** — rarely needed. Most capabilities should be skills. See below.
-7. **Documentation** — fixes, clarifications, new examples.
-
----
-
-## Should it be a Skill or a Tool?
-
-This is the most common question for new contributors. The answer is almost always **skill**.
-
-### Make it a Skill when:
-
-- The capability can be expressed as instructions + shell commands + existing tools
-- It wraps an external CLI or API that the agent can call via `terminal` or `web_extract`
-- It doesn't need custom Python integration or API key management baked into the agent
-- Examples: arXiv search, git workflows, Docker management, PDF processing, email via CLI tools
-
-### Make it a Tool when:
-
-- It requires end-to-end integration with API keys, auth flows, or multi-component configuration managed by the agent harness
-- It needs custom processing logic that must execute precisely every time (not "best effort" from LLM interpretation)
-- It handles binary data, streaming, or real-time events that can't go through the terminal
-- Examples: browser automation (Browserbase session management), TTS (audio encoding + platform delivery), vision analysis (base64 image handling)
-
-### Should the Skill be bundled?
-
-Bundled skills (in `skills/`) ship with every Hermes install. They should be **broadly useful to most users**:
-
-- Document handling, web research, common dev workflows, system administration
-- Used regularly by a wide range of people
-
-If your skill is official and useful but not universally needed (e.g., a paid service integration, a heavyweight dependency), put it in **`optional-skills/`** — it ships with the repo but isn't activated by default. Users can discover it via `hermes skills browse` (labeled "official") and install it with `hermes skills install` (no third-party warning, builtin trust).
-
-If your skill is specialized, community-contributed, or niche, it's better suited for a **Skills Hub** — upload it to a skills registry and share it in the [Nous Research Discord](https://discord.gg/NousResearch). Users can install it with `hermes skills install`.
-
----
-
-## Development Setup
-
-### Prerequisites
-
-| Requirement | Notes |
-|-------------|-------|
-| **Git** | With `--recurse-submodules` support |
-| **Python 3.11+** | uv will install it if missing |
-| **uv** | Fast Python package manager ([install](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/)) |
-| **Node.js 18+** | Optional — needed for browser tools and WhatsApp bridge |
-
-### Clone and install
-
-```bash
-git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent.git
-cd hermes-agent
-
-# Create venv with Python 3.11
-uv venv venv --python 3.11
-export VIRTUAL_ENV="$(pwd)/venv"
-
-# Install with all extras (messaging, cron, CLI menus, dev tools)
-uv pip install -e ".[all,dev]"
-uv pip install -e "./mini-swe-agent"
-uv pip install -e "./tinker-atropos"
-
-# Optional: browser tools
-npm install
-```
-
-### Configure for development
-
-```bash
-mkdir -p ~/.hermes/{cron,sessions,logs,memories,skills}
-cp cli-config.yaml.example ~/.hermes/config.yaml
-touch ~/.hermes/.env
-
-# Add at minimum an LLM provider key:
-echo 'OPENROUTER_API_KEY=sk-or-v1-your-key' >> ~/.hermes/.env
-```
-
-### Run
-
-```bash
-# Symlink for global access
-mkdir -p ~/.local/bin
-ln -sf "$(pwd)/venv/bin/hermes" ~/.local/bin/hermes
-
-# Verify
-hermes doctor
-hermes chat -q "Hello"
-```
-
-### Run tests
-
-```bash
-pytest tests/ -v
-```
-
----
-
-## Project Structure
-
-```
-hermes-agent/
-├── run_agent.py              # AIAgent class — core conversation loop, tool dispatch, session persistence
-├── cli.py                    # HermesCLI class — interactive TUI, prompt_toolkit integration
-├── model_tools.py            # Tool orchestration (thin layer over tools/registry.py)
-├── toolsets.py               # Tool groupings and presets (hermes-cli, hermes-telegram, etc.)
-├── hermes_state.py           # SQLite session database with FTS5 full-text search, session titles
-├── batch_runner.py           # Parallel batch processing for trajectory generation
-│
-├── agent/                    # Agent internals (extracted modules)
-│   ├── prompt_builder.py         # System prompt assembly (identity, skills, context files, memory)
-│   ├── context_compressor.py     # Auto-summarization when approaching context limits
-│   ├── auxiliary_client.py       # Resolves auxiliary OpenAI clients (summarization, vision)
-│   ├── display.py                # KawaiiSpinner, tool progress formatting
-│   ├── model_metadata.py         # Model context lengths, token estimation
-│   └── trajectory.py             # Trajectory saving helpers
-│
-├── hermes_cli/               # CLI command implementations
-│   ├── main.py                   # Entry point, argument parsing, command dispatch
-│   ├── config.py                 # Config management, migration, env var definitions
-│   ├── setup.py                  # Interactive setup wizard
-│   ├── auth.py                   # Provider resolution, OAuth, Nous Portal
-│   ├── models.py                 # OpenRouter model selection lists
-│   ├── banner.py                 # Welcome banner, ASCII art
-│   ├── commands.py               # Slash command definitions + autocomplete
-│   ├── callbacks.py              # Interactive callbacks (clarify, sudo, approval)
-│   ├── doctor.py                 # Diagnostics
-│   ├── skills_hub.py             # Skills Hub CLI + /skills slash command
-│   └── skin_engine.py            # Skin/theme engine — data-driven CLI visual customization
-│
-├── tools/                    # Tool implementations (self-registering)
-│   ├── registry.py               # Central tool registry (schemas, handlers, dispatch)
-│   ├── approval.py               # Dangerous command detection + per-session approval
-│   ├── terminal_tool.py          # Terminal orchestration (sudo, env lifecycle, backends)
-│   ├── file_operations.py        # read_file, write_file, search, patch, etc.
-│   ├── web_tools.py              # web_search, web_extract (Firecrawl + Gemini summarization)
-│   ├── vision_tools.py           # Image analysis via multimodal models
-│   ├── delegate_tool.py          # Subagent spawning and parallel task execution
-│   ├── code_execution_tool.py    # Sandboxed Python with RPC tool access
-│   ├── session_search_tool.py    # Search past conversations with FTS5 + summarization
-│   ├── cronjob_tools.py          # Scheduled task management
-│   ├── skill_tools.py            # Skill search, load, manage
-│   └── environments/             # Terminal execution backends
-│       ├── base.py                   # BaseEnvironment ABC
-│       ├── local.py, docker.py, ssh.py, singularity.py, modal.py, daytona.py
-│
-├── gateway/                  # Messaging gateway
-│   ├── run.py                    # GatewayRunner — platform lifecycle, message routing, cron
-│   ├── config.py                 # Platform configuration resolution
-│   ├── session.py                # Session store, context prompts, reset policies
-│   └── platforms/                # Platform adapters
-│       ├── telegram.py, discord_adapter.py, slack.py, whatsapp.py
-│
-├── scripts/                  # Installer and bridge scripts
-│   ├── install.sh                # Linux/macOS installer
-│   ├── install.ps1               # Windows PowerShell installer
-│   └── whatsapp-bridge/          # Node.js WhatsApp bridge (Baileys)
-│
-├── skills/                   # Bundled skills (copied to ~/.hermes/skills/ on install)
-├── optional-skills/          # Official optional skills (discoverable via hub, not activated by default)
-├── environments/             # RL training environments (Atropos integration)
-├── tests/                    # Test suite
-├── website/                  # Documentation site (hermes-agent.nousresearch.com)
-│
-├── cli-config.yaml.example   # Example configuration (copied to ~/.hermes/config.yaml)
-└── AGENTS.md                 # Development guide for AI coding assistants
-```
-
-### User configuration (stored in `~/.hermes/`)
-
-| Path | Purpose |
-|------|---------|
-| `~/.hermes/config.yaml` | Settings (model, terminal, toolsets, compression, etc.) |
-| `~/.hermes/.env` | API keys and secrets |
-| `~/.hermes/auth.json` | OAuth credentials (Nous Portal) |
-| `~/.hermes/skills/` | All active skills (bundled + hub-installed + agent-created) |
-| `~/.hermes/memories/` | Persistent memory (MEMORY.md, USER.md) |
-| `~/.hermes/state.db` | SQLite session database |
-| `~/.hermes/sessions/` | JSON session logs |
-| `~/.hermes/cron/` | Scheduled job data |
-| `~/.hermes/whatsapp/session/` | WhatsApp bridge credentials |
-
----
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-### Core Loop
-
-```
-User message → AIAgent._run_agent_loop()
-  ├── Build system prompt (prompt_builder.py)
-  ├── Build API kwargs (model, messages, tools, reasoning config)
-  ├── Call LLM (OpenAI-compatible API)
-  ├── If tool_calls in response:
-  │     ├── Execute each tool via registry dispatch
-  │     ├── Add tool results to conversation
-  │     └── Loop back to LLM call
-  ├── If text response:
-  │     ├── Persist session to DB
-  │     └── Return final_response
-  └── Context compression if approaching token limit
-```
-
-### Key Design Patterns
-
-- **Self-registering tools**: Each tool file calls `registry.register()` at import time. `model_tools.py` triggers discovery by importing all tool modules.
-- **Toolset grouping**: Tools are grouped into toolsets (`web`, `terminal`, `file`, `browser`, etc.) that can be enabled/disabled per platform.
-- **Session persistence**: All conversations are stored in SQLite (`hermes_state.py`) with full-text search and unique session titles. JSON logs go to `~/.hermes/sessions/`.
-- **Ephemeral injection**: System prompts and prefill messages are injected at API call time, never persisted to the database or logs.
-- **Provider abstraction**: The agent works with any OpenAI-compatible API. Provider resolution happens at init time (Nous Portal OAuth, OpenRouter API key, or custom endpoint).
-- **Provider routing**: When using OpenRouter, `provider_routing` in config.yaml controls provider selection (sort by throughput/latency/price, allow/ignore specific providers, data retention policies). These are injected as `extra_body.provider` in API requests.
-
----
-
-## Code Style
-
-- **PEP 8** with practical exceptions (we don't enforce strict line length)
-- **Comments**: Only when explaining non-obvious intent, trade-offs, or API quirks. Don't narrate what the code does — `# increment counter` adds nothing
-- **Error handling**: Catch specific exceptions. Log with `logger.warning()`/`logger.error()` — use `exc_info=True` for unexpected errors so stack traces appear in logs
-- **Cross-platform**: Never assume Unix. See [Cross-Platform Compatibility](#cross-platform-compatibility)
-
----
-
-## Adding a New Tool
-
-Before writing a tool, ask: [should this be a skill instead?](#should-it-be-a-skill-or-a-tool)
-
-Tools self-register with the central registry. Each tool file co-locates its schema, handler, and registration:
-
-```python
-"""my_tool — Brief description of what this tool does."""
-
-import json
-from tools.registry import registry
-
-
-def my_tool(param1: str, param2: int = 10, **kwargs) -> str:
-    """Handler. Returns a string result (often JSON)."""
-    result = do_work(param1, param2)
-    return json.dumps(result)
-
-
-MY_TOOL_SCHEMA = {
-    "type": "function",
-    "function": {
-        "name": "my_tool",
-        "description": "What this tool does and when the agent should use it.",
-        "parameters": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "properties": {
-                "param1": {"type": "string", "description": "What param1 is"},
-                "param2": {"type": "integer", "description": "What param2 is", "default": 10},
-            },
-            "required": ["param1"],
-        },
-    },
-}
-
-
-def _check_requirements() -> bool:
-    """Return True if this tool's dependencies are available."""
-    return True
-
-
-registry.register(
-    name="my_tool",
-    toolset="my_toolset",
-    schema=MY_TOOL_SCHEMA,
-    handler=lambda args, **kw: my_tool(**args, **kw),
-    check_fn=_check_requirements,
-)
-```
-
-Then add the import to `model_tools.py` in the `_modules` list:
-
-```python
-_modules = [
-    # ... existing modules ...
-    "tools.my_tool",
-]
-```
-
-If it's a new toolset, add it to `toolsets.py` and to the relevant platform presets.
-
----
-
-## Adding a Skill
-
-Bundled skills live in `skills/` organized by category. Official optional skills use the same structure in `optional-skills/`:
-
-```
-skills/
-├── research/
-│   └── arxiv/
-│       ├── SKILL.md              # Required: main instructions
-│       └── scripts/              # Optional: helper scripts
-│           └── search_arxiv.py
-├── productivity/
-│   └── ocr-and-documents/
-│       ├── SKILL.md
-│       ├── scripts/
-│       └── references/
-└── ...
-```
-
-### SKILL.md format
-
-```markdown
----
-name: my-skill
-description: Brief description (shown in skill search results)
-version: 1.0.0
-author: Your Name
-license: MIT
-platforms: [macos, linux]          # Optional — restrict to specific OS platforms
-                                   #   Valid: macos, linux, windows
-                                   #   Omit to load on all platforms (default)
-metadata:
-  hermes:
-    tags: [Category, Subcategory, Keywords]
-    related_skills: [other-skill-name]
----
-
-# Skill Title
-
-Brief intro.
-
-## When to Use
-Trigger conditions — when should the agent load this skill?
-
-## Quick Reference
-Table of common commands or API calls.
-
-## Procedure
-Step-by-step instructions the agent follows.
-
-## Pitfalls
-Known failure modes and how to handle them.
-
-## Verification
-How the agent confirms it worked.
-```
-
-### Platform-specific skills
-
-Skills can declare which OS platforms they support via the `platforms` frontmatter field. Skills with this field are automatically hidden from the system prompt, `skills_list()`, and slash commands on incompatible platforms.
-
-```yaml
-platforms: [macos]            # macOS only (e.g., iMessage, Apple Reminders)
-platforms: [macos, linux]     # macOS and Linux
-platforms: [windows]          # Windows only
-```
-
-If the field is omitted or empty, the skill loads on all platforms (backward compatible). See `skills/apple/` for examples of macOS-only skills.
-
-### Skill guidelines
-
-- **No external dependencies unless absolutely necessary.** Prefer stdlib Python, curl, and existing Hermes tools (`web_extract`, `terminal`, `read_file`).
-- **Progressive disclosure.** Put the most common workflow first. Edge cases and advanced usage go at the bottom.
-- **Include helper scripts** for XML/JSON parsing or complex logic — don't expect the LLM to write parsers inline every time.
-- **Test it.** Run `hermes --toolsets skills -q "Use the X skill to do Y"` and verify the agent follows the instructions correctly.
-
----
-
-## Adding a Skin / Theme
-
-Hermes uses a data-driven skin system — no code changes needed to add a new skin.
-
-**Option A: User skin (YAML file)**
-
-Create `~/.hermes/skins/<name>.yaml`:
-
-```yaml
-name: mytheme
-description: Short description of the theme
-
-colors:
-  banner_border: "#HEX"     # Panel border color
-  banner_title: "#HEX"      # Panel title color
-  banner_accent: "#HEX"     # Section header color
-  banner_dim: "#HEX"        # Muted/dim text color
-  banner_text: "#HEX"       # Body text color
-  response_border: "#HEX"   # Response box border
-
-spinner:
-  waiting_faces: ["(⚔)", "(⛨)"]
-  thinking_faces: ["(⚔)", "(⌁)"]
-  thinking_verbs: ["forging", "plotting"]
-  wings:                     # Optional left/right decorations
-    - ["⟪⚔", "⚔⟫"]
-
-branding:
-  agent_name: "My Agent"
-  welcome: "Welcome message"
-  response_label: " ⚔ Agent "
-  prompt_symbol: "⚔ ❯ "
-
-tool_prefix: "╎"             # Tool output line prefix
-```
-
-All fields are optional — missing values inherit from the default skin.
-
-**Option B: Built-in skin**
-
-Add to `_BUILTIN_SKINS` dict in `hermes_cli/skin_engine.py`. Use the same schema as above but as a Python dict. Built-in skins ship with the package and are always available.
-
-**Activating:**
-- CLI: `/skin mytheme` or set `display.skin: mytheme` in config.yaml
-- Config: `display: { skin: mytheme }`
-
-See `hermes_cli/skin_engine.py` for the full schema and existing skins as examples.
-
----
-
-## Cross-Platform Compatibility
-
-Hermes runs on Linux, macOS, and Windows. When writing code that touches the OS:
-
-### Critical rules
-
-1. **`termios` and `fcntl` are Unix-only.** Always catch both `ImportError` and `NotImplementedError`:
-   ```python
-   try:
-       from simple_term_menu import TerminalMenu
-       menu = TerminalMenu(options)
-       idx = menu.show()
-   except (ImportError, NotImplementedError):
-       # Fallback: numbered menu for Windows
-       for i, opt in enumerate(options):
-           print(f"  {i+1}. {opt}")
-       idx = int(input("Choice: ")) - 1
-   ```
-
-2. **File encoding.** Windows may save `.env` files in `cp1252`. Always handle encoding errors:
-   ```python
-   try:
-       load_dotenv(env_path)
-   except UnicodeDecodeError:
-       load_dotenv(env_path, encoding="latin-1")
-   ```
-
-3. **Process management.** `os.setsid()`, `os.killpg()`, and signal handling differ on Windows. Use platform checks:
-   ```python
-   import platform
-   if platform.system() != "Windows":
-       kwargs["preexec_fn"] = os.setsid
-   ```
-
-4. **Path separators.** Use `pathlib.Path` instead of string concatenation with `/`.
-
-5. **Shell commands in installers.** If you change `scripts/install.sh`, check if the equivalent change is needed in `scripts/install.ps1`.
-
----
-
-## Security Considerations
-
-Hermes has terminal access. Security matters.
-
-### Existing protections
-
-| Layer | Implementation |
-|-------|---------------|
-| **Sudo password piping** | Uses `shlex.quote()` to prevent shell injection |
-| **Dangerous command detection** | Regex patterns in `tools/approval.py` with user approval flow |
-| **Cron prompt injection** | Scanner in `tools/cronjob_tools.py` blocks instruction-override patterns |
-| **Write deny list** | Protected paths (`~/.ssh/authorized_keys`, `/etc/shadow`) resolved via `os.path.realpath()` to prevent symlink bypass |
-| **Skills guard** | Security scanner for hub-installed skills (`tools/skills_guard.py`) |
-| **Code execution sandbox** | `execute_code` child process runs with API keys stripped from environment |
-| **Container hardening** | Docker: all capabilities dropped, no privilege escalation, PID limits, size-limited tmpfs |
-
-### When contributing security-sensitive code
-
-- **Always use `shlex.quote()`** when interpolating user input into shell commands
-- **Resolve symlinks** with `os.path.realpath()` before path-based access control checks
-- **Don't log secrets.** API keys, tokens, and passwords should never appear in log output
-- **Catch broad exceptions** around tool execution so a single failure doesn't crash the agent loop
-- **Test on all platforms** if your change touches file paths, process management, or shell commands
-
-If your PR affects security, note it explicitly in the description.
-
----
-
-## Pull Request Process
-
-### Branch naming
-
-```
-fix/description        # Bug fixes
-feat/description       # New features
-docs/description       # Documentation
-test/description       # Tests
-refactor/description   # Code restructuring
-```
-
-### Before submitting
-
-1. **Run tests**: `pytest tests/ -v`
-2. **Test manually**: Run `hermes` and exercise the code path you changed
-3. **Check cross-platform impact**: If you touch file I/O, process management, or terminal handling, consider Windows and macOS
-4. **Keep PRs focused**: One logical change per PR. Don't mix a bug fix with a refactor with a new feature.
-
-### PR description
-
-Include:
-- **What** changed and **why**
-- **How to test** it (reproduction steps for bugs, usage examples for features)
-- **What platforms** you tested on
-- Reference any related issues
-
-### Commit messages
-
-We use [Conventional Commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/):
-
-```
-<type>(<scope>): <description>
-```
-
-| Type | Use for |
-|------|---------|
-| `fix` | Bug fixes |
-| `feat` | New features |
-| `docs` | Documentation |
-| `test` | Tests |
-| `refactor` | Code restructuring (no behavior change) |
-| `chore` | Build, CI, dependency updates |
-
-Scopes: `cli`, `gateway`, `tools`, `skills`, `agent`, `install`, `whatsapp`, `security`, etc.
-
-Examples:
-```
-fix(cli): prevent crash in save_config_value when model is a string
-feat(gateway): add WhatsApp multi-user session isolation
-fix(security): prevent shell injection in sudo password piping
-test(tools): add unit tests for file_operations
-```
-
----
-
-## Reporting Issues
-
-- Use [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/issues)
-- Include: OS, Python version, Hermes version (`hermes version`), full error traceback
-- Include steps to reproduce
-- Check existing issues before creating duplicates
-- For security vulnerabilities, please report privately
-
----
-
-## Community
-
-- **Discord**: [discord.gg/NousResearch](https://discord.gg/NousResearch) — for questions, showcasing projects, and sharing skills
-- **GitHub Discussions**: For design proposals and architecture discussions
-- **Skills Hub**: Upload specialized skills to a registry and share them with the community
-
----
-
-## License
-
-By contributing, you agree that your contributions will be licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).

LICENSE

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-MIT License
-
-Copyright (c) 2025 Nous Research
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.

TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+# Hermes Agent - Future Improvements
+
+> Ideas for enhancing the agent's capabilities, generated from self-analysis of the codebase.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Subagent Architecture (Context Isolation) 🎯
+
+**Problem:** Long-running tools (terminal commands, browser automation, complex file operations) consume massive context. A single `ls -la` can add hundreds of lines. Browser snapshots, debugging sessions, and iterative terminal work quickly bloat the main conversation, leaving less room for actual reasoning.
+
+**Solution:** The main agent becomes an **orchestrator** that delegates context-heavy tasks to **subagents**.
+
+**Architecture:**
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  ORCHESTRATOR (main agent)                                      │
+│  - Receives user request                                        │
+│  - Plans approach                                               │
+│  - Delegates heavy tasks to subagents                           │
+│  - Receives summarized results                                  │
+│  - Maintains clean, focused context                             │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+         │                    │                    │
+         ▼                    ▼                    ▼
+┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐  ┌─────────────────┐
+│ TERMINAL AGENT  │  │ BROWSER AGENT   │  │ CODE AGENT      │
+│ - terminal tool │  │ - browser tools │  │ - file tools    │
+│ - file tools    │  │ - web_search    │  │ - terminal      │
+│                 │  │ - web_extract   │  │                 │
+│ Isolated context│  │ Isolated context│  │ Isolated context│
+│ Returns summary │  │ Returns summary │  │ Returns summary │
+└─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘  └─────────────────┘
+```
+
+**How it works:**
+1. User asks: "Set up a new Python project with FastAPI and tests"
+2. Orchestrator plans: "I need to create files, install deps, write code"
+3. Orchestrator calls: `terminal_task(goal="Create venv, install fastapi pytest", context="New project in ~/myapp")`
+4. **Subagent spawns** with fresh context, only terminal/file tools
+5. Subagent iterates (may take 10+ tool calls, lots of output)
+6. Subagent completes → returns summary: "Created venv, installed fastapi==0.109.0, pytest==8.0.0"
+7. Orchestrator receives **only the summary**, context stays clean
+8. Orchestrator continues with next subtask
+
+**Key tools to implement:**
+- [ ] `terminal_task(goal, context, cwd?)` - Delegate terminal/shell work
+- [ ] `browser_task(goal, context, start_url?)` - Delegate web research/automation  
+- [ ] `code_task(goal, context, files?)` - Delegate code writing/modification
+- [ ] Generic `delegate_task(goal, context, toolsets=[])` - Flexible delegation
+
+**Implementation details:**
+- [ ] Subagent uses same `run_agent.py` but with:
+  - Fresh/empty conversation history
+  - Limited toolset (only what's needed)
+  - Smaller max_iterations (focused task)
+  - Task-specific system prompt
+- [ ] Subagent returns structured result:
+  ```python
+  {
+    "success": True,
+    "summary": "Installed 3 packages, created 2 files",
+    "details": "Optional longer explanation if needed",
+    "artifacts": ["~/myapp/requirements.txt", "~/myapp/main.py"],  # Files created
+    "errors": []  # Any issues encountered
+  }
+  ```
+- [ ] Orchestrator sees only the summary in its context
+- [ ] Full subagent transcript saved separately for debugging
+
+**Benefits:**
+- 🧹 **Clean context** - Orchestrator stays focused, doesn't drown in tool output
+- 📊 **Better token efficiency** - 50 terminal outputs → 1 summary paragraph
+- 🎯 **Focused subagents** - Each agent has just the tools it needs
+- 🔄 **Parallel potential** - Independent subtasks could run concurrently
+- 🐛 **Easier debugging** - Each subtask has its own isolated transcript
+
+**When to use subagents vs direct tools:**
+- **Subagent**: Multi-step tasks, iteration likely, lots of output expected
+- **Direct**: Quick one-off commands, simple file reads, user needs to see output
+
+**Files to modify:** `run_agent.py` (add orchestration mode), new `tools/delegate_tools.py`, new `subagent_runner.py`
+
+---
+
+## 2. Planning & Task Management 📋
+
+**Problem:** Agent handles tasks reactively without explicit planning. Complex multi-step tasks lack structure, progress tracking, and the ability to decompose work into manageable chunks.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Task decomposition tool** - Break complex requests into subtasks:
+  ```
+  User: "Set up a new Python project with FastAPI, tests, and Docker"
+  
+  Agent creates plan:
+  ├── 1. Create project structure and requirements.txt
+  ├── 2. Implement FastAPI app skeleton
+  ├── 3. Add pytest configuration and initial tests
+  ├── 4. Create Dockerfile and docker-compose.yml
+  └── 5. Verify everything works together
+  ```
+  - Each subtask becomes a trackable unit
+  - Agent can report progress: "Completed 3/5 tasks"
+  
+- [ ] **Progress checkpoints** - Periodic self-assessment:
+  - After N tool calls or time elapsed, pause to evaluate
+  - "What have I accomplished? What remains? Am I on track?"
+  - Detect if stuck in loops or making no progress
+  - Could trigger replanning if approach isn't working
+  
+- [ ] **Explicit plan storage** - Persist plan in conversation:
+  - Store as structured data (not just in context)
+  - Update status as tasks complete
+  - User can ask "What's the plan?" or "What's left?"
+  - Survives context compression (plans are protected)
+
+- [ ] **Failure recovery with replanning** - When things go wrong:
+  - Record what failed and why
+  - Revise plan to work around the issue
+  - "Step 3 failed because X, adjusting approach to Y"
+  - Prevents repeating failed strategies
+
+**Files to modify:** `run_agent.py` (add planning hooks), new `tools/planning_tool.py`
+
+---
+
+## 3. Dynamic Skills Expansion 📚
+
+**Problem:** Skills system is elegant but static. Skills must be manually created and added.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Skill acquisition from successful tasks** - After completing a complex task:
+  - "This approach worked well. Save as a skill?"
+  - Extract: goal, steps taken, tools used, key decisions
+  - Generate SKILL.md automatically
+  - Store in user's skills directory
+  
+- [ ] **Skill templates** - Common patterns that can be parameterized:
+  ```markdown
+  # Debug {language} Error
+  1. Reproduce the error
+  2. Search for error message: `web_search("{error_message} {language}")`
+  3. Check common causes: {common_causes}
+  4. Apply fix and verify
+  ```
+  
+- [ ] **Skill chaining** - Combine skills for complex workflows:
+  - Skills can reference other skills as dependencies
+  - "To do X, first apply skill Y, then skill Z"
+  - Directed graph of skill dependencies
+
+**Files to modify:** `tools/skills_tool.py`, `skills/` directory structure, new `skill_generator.py`
+
+---
+
+## 4. Interactive Clarifying Questions Tool ❓
+
+**Problem:** Agent sometimes makes assumptions or guesses when it should ask the user. Currently can only ask via text, which gets lost in long outputs.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Multiple-choice prompt tool** - Let agent present structured choices to user:
+  ```
+  ask_user_choice(
+    question="Should the language switcher enable only German or all languages?",
+    choices=[
+      "Only enable German - works immediately",
+      "Enable all, mark untranslated - show fallback notice",
+      "Let me specify something else"
+    ]
+  )
+  ```
+  - Renders as interactive terminal UI with arrow key / Tab navigation
+  - User selects option, result returned to agent
+  - Up to 4 choices + optional free-text option
+  
+- [ ] **Implementation:**
+  - Use `inquirer` or `questionary` Python library for rich terminal prompts
+  - Tool returns selected option text (or user's custom input)
+  - **CLI-only** - only works when running via `cli.py` (not API/programmatic use)
+  - Graceful fallback: if not in interactive mode, return error asking agent to rephrase as text
+  
+- [ ] **Use cases:**
+  - Clarify ambiguous requirements before starting work
+  - Confirm destructive operations with clear options
+  - Let user choose between implementation approaches
+  - Checkpoint complex multi-step workflows
+
+**Files to modify:** New `tools/ask_user_tool.py`, `cli.py` (detect interactive mode), `model_tools.py`
+
+---
+
+## 5. Collaborative Problem Solving 🤝
+
+**Problem:** Interaction is command/response. Complex problems benefit from dialogue.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Assumption surfacing** - Make implicit assumptions explicit:
+  - "I'm assuming you want Python 3.11+. Correct?"
+  - "This solution assumes you have sudo access..."
+  - Let user correct before going down wrong path
+
+- [ ] **Checkpoint & confirm** - For high-stakes operations:
+  - "About to delete 47 files. Here's the list - proceed?"
+  - "This will modify your database. Want a backup first?"
+  - Configurable threshold for when to ask
+
+**Files to modify:** `run_agent.py`, system prompt configuration
+
+---
+
+## 6. Project-Local Context 💾
+
+**Problem:** Valuable context lost between sessions.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Project awareness** - Remember project-specific context:
+  - Store `.hermes/context.md` in project directory
+  - "This is a Django project using PostgreSQL"
+  - Coding style preferences, deployment setup, etc.
+  - Load automatically when working in that directory
+
+- [ ] **Handoff notes** - Leave notes for future sessions:
+  - Write to `.hermes/notes.md` in project
+  - "TODO for next session: finish implementing X"
+  - "Known issues: Y doesn't work on Windows"
+
+**Files to modify:** New `project_context.py`, auto-load in `run_agent.py`
+
+## 6. Tools & Skills Wishlist 🧰
+
+*Things that would need new tool implementations (can't do well with current tools):*
+
+### High-Impact
+
+- [ ] **Audio/Video Transcription** 🎬 *(See also: Section 16 for detailed spec)*
+  - Transcribe audio files, podcasts, YouTube videos
+  - Extract key moments from video
+  - Voice memo transcription for messaging integrations
+  - *Provider options: Whisper API, Deepgram, local Whisper*
+  
+- [ ] **Diagram Rendering** 📊
+  - Render Mermaid/PlantUML to actual images
+  - Can generate the code, but rendering requires external service or tool
+  - "Show me how these components connect" → actual visual diagram
+
+### Medium-Impact
+
+- [ ] **Canvas / Visual Workspace** 🖼️
+  - Agent-controlled visual panel for rendering interactive UI
+  - Inspired by OpenClaw's Canvas feature
+  - **Capabilities:**
+    - `present` / `hide` - Show/hide the canvas panel
+    - `navigate` - Load HTML files or URLs into the canvas
+    - `eval` - Execute JavaScript in the canvas context
+    - `snapshot` - Capture the rendered UI as an image
+  - **Use cases:**
+    - Display generated HTML/CSS/JS previews
+    - Show interactive data visualizations (charts, graphs)
+    - Render diagrams (Mermaid → rendered output)
+    - Present structured information in rich format
+    - A2UI-style component system for structured agent UI
+  - **Implementation options:**
+    - Electron-based panel for CLI
+    - WebSocket-connected web app
+    - VS Code webview extension
+  - *Would let agent "show" things rather than just describe them*
+
+- [ ] **Document Generation** 📄
+  - Create styled PDFs, Word docs, presentations
+  - *Can do basic PDF via terminal tools, but limited*
+
+- [ ] **Diff/Patch Tool** 📝
+  - Surgical code modifications with preview
+  - "Change line 45-50 to X" without rewriting whole file
+  - Show diffs before applying
+  - *Can use `diff`/`patch` but a native tool would be safer*
+
+### Skills to Create
+
+- [ ] **Domain-specific skill packs:**
+  - DevOps/Infrastructure (Terraform, K8s, AWS)
+  - Data Science workflows (EDA, model training)
+  - Security/pentesting procedures
+  
+- [ ] **Framework-specific skills:**
+  - React/Vue/Angular patterns
+  - Django/Rails/Express conventions
+  - Database optimization playbooks
+
+- [ ] **Troubleshooting flowcharts:**
+  - "Docker container won't start" → decision tree
+  - "Production is slow" → systematic diagnosis
+
+---
+
+## 7. Messaging Platform Integrations 💬 ✅ COMPLETE
+
+**Problem:** Agent currently only works via `cli.py` which requires direct terminal access. Users may want to interact via messaging apps from their phone or other devices.
+
+**Architecture:**
+- `run_agent.py` already accepts `conversation_history` parameter and returns updated messages ✅
+- Need: persistent session storage, platform monitors, session key resolution
+
+**Implementation approach:**
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  Platform Monitor (e.g., telegram_monitor.py)               │
+│  ├─ Long-running daemon connecting to messaging platform    │
+│  ├─ On message: resolve session key → load history from disk│
+│  ├─ Call run_agent.py with loaded history                   │
+│  ├─ Save updated history back to disk (JSONL)               │
+│  └─ Send response back to platform                          │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Platform support (each user sets up their own credentials):**
+- [x] **Telegram** - via `python-telegram-bot`
+  - Bot token from @BotFather
+  - Easiest to set up, good for personal use
+- [x] **Discord** - via `discord.py`
+  - Bot token from Discord Developer Portal
+  - Can work in servers (group sessions) or DMs
+- [x] **WhatsApp** - via Node.js bridge (whatsapp-web.js/baileys)
+  - Requires Node.js bridge setup
+  - More complex, but reaches most people
+
+**Session management:**
+- [x] **Session store** - JSONL persistence per session key
+  - `~/.hermes/sessions/{session_id}.jsonl`
+  - Session keys: `agent:main:telegram:dm`, `agent:main:discord:group:123`, etc.
+- [x] **Session expiry** - Configurable reset policies
+  - Daily reset (default 4am) OR idle timeout (default 2 hours)
+  - Manual reset via `/reset` or `/new` command in chat
+  - Per-platform and per-type overrides
+- [x] **Session continuity** - Conversations persist across messages until reset
+
+**Files created:** `gateway/`, `gateway/platforms/`, `gateway/config.py`, `gateway/session.py`, `gateway/delivery.py`, `gateway/run.py`
+
+**Configuration:**
+- Environment variables: `TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN`, `DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN`, etc.
+- Config file: `~/.hermes/gateway.json`
+- CLI commands: `/platforms` to check status, `--gateway` to start
+
+**Dynamic context injection:**
+- Agent knows its source platform and chat
+- Agent knows connected platforms and home channels
+- Agent can deliver cron outputs to specific platforms
+
+---
+
+## 8. Text-to-Speech (TTS) 🔊
+
+**Problem:** Agent can only respond with text. Some users prefer audio responses (accessibility, hands-free use, podcasts).
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **TTS tool** - Generate audio files from text
+  ```python
+  tts_generate(text="Here's your summary...", voice="nova", output="summary.mp3")
+  ```
+  - Returns path to generated audio file
+  - For messaging integrations: can send as voice message
+  
+- [ ] **Provider options:**
+  - Edge TTS (free, good quality, many voices)
+  - OpenAI TTS (paid, excellent quality)
+  - ElevenLabs (paid, best quality, voice cloning)
+  - Local options (Coqui TTS, Bark)
+  
+- [ ] **Modes:**
+  - On-demand: User explicitly asks "read this to me"
+  - Auto-TTS: Configurable to always generate audio for responses
+  - Long-text handling: Summarize or chunk very long responses
+  
+- [ ] **Integration with messaging:**
+  - When enabled, can send voice notes instead of/alongside text
+  - User preference per channel
+
+**Files to create:** `tools/tts_tool.py`, config in `cli-config.yaml`
+
+---
+
+## 13. Speech-to-Text / Audio Transcription 🎤
+
+**Problem:** Users may want to send voice memos instead of typing. Agent is blind to audio content.
+
+**Ideas:**
+- [ ] **Voice memo transcription** - For messaging integrations
+  - User sends voice message → transcribe → process as text
+  - Seamless: user speaks, agent responds
+  
+- [ ] **Audio/video file transcription** - Existing idea, expanded:
+  - Transcribe local audio files (mp3, wav, m4a)
+  - Transcribe YouTube videos (download audio → transcribe)
+  - Extract key moments with timestamps
+  
+- [ ] **Provider options:**
+  - OpenAI Whisper API (good quality, cheap)
+  - Deepgram (fast, good for real-time)
+  - Local Whisper (free, runs on GPU)
+  - Groq Whisper (fast, free tier available)
+  
+- [ ] **Tool interface:**
+  ```python
+  transcribe(source="audio.mp3")  # Local file
+  transcribe(source="https://youtube.com/...")  # YouTube
+  transcribe(source="voice_message", data=bytes)  # Voice memo
+  ```
+
+**Files to create:** `tools/transcribe_tool.py`, integrate with messaging monitors
+
+### Plugin/Extension System 🔌
+
+**Concept:** Allow users to add custom tools/skills without modifying core code.
+
+**Why interesting:**
+- Community contributions
+- Organization-specific tools
+- Clean separation of core vs. extensions
+
+**Open questions:**
+- Security implications of loading arbitrary code
+- Versioning and compatibility
+- Discovery and installation UX
+
+---
+
+## Recently Completed ✅
+
+### Dangerous Command Approval System
+**Implemented:** Dangerous command detection and approval for terminal tool.
+
+**Features:**
+- Pattern-based detection of dangerous commands (rm -rf, DROP TABLE, chmod 777, etc.)
+- CLI prompt with options: `[o]nce | [s]ession | [a]lways | [d]eny`
+- Session caching (approved patterns don't re-prompt)
+- Permanent allowlist in `~/.hermes/config.yaml`
+- Force flag for agent to bypass after user confirmation
+- Skip check for isolated backends (Docker, Singularity, Modal)
+- Helpful sudo failure messages for messaging platforms
+
+**Files:** `tools/terminal_tool.py`, `model_tools.py`, `hermes_cli/config.py`
+
+---
+
+## 14. Learning Machine / Dynamic Memory System 🧠
+
+*Inspired by [Dash](~/agent-codebases/dash) - a self-learning data agent.*
+
+**Problem:** Agent starts fresh every session. Valuable learnings from debugging, error patterns, successful approaches, and user preferences are lost.
+
+**Dash's Key Insight:** Separate **Knowledge** (static, curated) from **Learnings** (dynamic, discovered):
+
+| System | What It Stores | How It Evolves |
+|--------|---------------|----------------|
+| **Knowledge** (Skills) | Validated approaches, templates, best practices | Curated by user |
+| **Learnings** | Error patterns, gotchas, discovered fixes | Managed automatically |
+
+**Tools to implement:**
+- [ ] `save_learning(topic, learning, context?)` - Record a discovered pattern
+  ```python
+  save_learning(
+    topic="python-ssl",
+    learning="On Ubuntu 22.04, SSL certificate errors often fixed by: apt install ca-certificates",
+    context="Debugging requests SSL failure"
+  )
+  ```
+- [ ] `search_learnings(query)` - Find relevant past learnings
+  ```python
+  search_learnings("SSL certificate error Python")
+  # Returns: "On Ubuntu 22.04, SSL certificate errors often fixed by..."
+  ```
+
+**User Profile & Memory:**
+- [ ] `user_profile` - Structured facts about user preferences
+  ```yaml
+  # ~/.hermes/user_profile.yaml
+  coding_style:
+    python_formatter: black
+    type_hints: always
+    test_framework: pytest
+  preferences:
+    verbosity: detailed
+    confirm_destructive: true
+  environment:
+    os: linux
+    shell: bash
+    default_python: 3.11
+  ```
+- [ ] `user_memory` - Unstructured observations the agent learns
+  ```yaml
+  # ~/.hermes/user_memory.yaml
+  - "User prefers tabs over spaces despite black's defaults"
+  - "User's main project is ~/work/myapp - a Django app"
+  - "User often works late - don't ask about timezone"
+  ```
+
+**When to learn:**
+- After fixing an error that took multiple attempts
+- When user corrects the agent's approach
+- When a workaround is discovered for a tool limitation
+- When user expresses a preference
+
+**Storage:** Vector database (ChromaDB) or simple YAML with embedding search.
+
+**Files to create:** `tools/learning_tools.py`, `learning/store.py`, `~/.hermes/learnings/`
+
+---
+
+## 15. Layered Context Architecture 📊
+
+*Inspired by Dash's "Six Layers of Context" - grounding responses in multiple sources.*
+
+**Problem:** Context sources are ad-hoc. No clear hierarchy or strategy for what context to include when.
+
+**Proposed Layers for Hermes:**
+
+| Layer | Source | When Loaded | Example |
+|-------|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 1. **Project Context** | `.hermes/context.md` | Auto on cwd | "This is a FastAPI project using PostgreSQL" |
+| 2. **Skills** | `skills/*.md` | On request | "How to set up React project" |
+| 3. **User Profile** | `~/.hermes/user_profile.yaml` | Always | "User prefers pytest, uses black" |
+| 4. **Learnings** | `~/.hermes/learnings/` | Semantic search | "SSL fix for Ubuntu" |
+| 5. **External Knowledge** | Web search, docs | On demand | Current API docs, Stack Overflow |
+| 6. **Runtime Introspection** | Tool calls | Real-time | File contents, terminal output |
+
+**Benefits:**
+- Clear mental model for what context is available
+- Prioritization: local > learned > external
+- Debugging: "Why did agent do X?" → check which layers contributed
+
+**Files to modify:** `run_agent.py` (context loading), new `context/layers.py`
+
+---
+
+## 16. Evaluation System with LLM Grading 📏
+
+*Inspired by Dash's evaluation framework.*
+
+**Problem:** `batch_runner.py` runs test cases but lacks quality assessment.
+
+**Dash's Approach:**
+- **String matching** (default) - Check if expected strings appear
+- **LLM grader** (-g flag) - GPT evaluates response quality
+- **Result comparison** (-r flag) - Compare against golden output
+
+**Implementation for Hermes:**
+
+- [ ] **Test case format:**
+  ```python
+  TestCase(
+    name="create_python_project",
+    prompt="Create a new Python project with FastAPI and tests",
+    expected_strings=["requirements.txt", "main.py", "test_"],  # Basic check
+    golden_actions=["write:main.py", "write:requirements.txt", "terminal:pip install"],
+    grader_criteria="Should create complete project structure with working code"
+  )
+  ```
+
+- [ ] **LLM grader mode:**
+  ```python
+  def grade_response(response: str, criteria: str) -> Grade:
+      """Use GPT to evaluate response quality."""
+      prompt = f"""
+      Evaluate this agent response against the criteria.
+      Criteria: {criteria}
+      Response: {response}
+      
+      Score (1-5) and explain why.
+      """
+      # Returns: Grade(score=4, explanation="Created all files but tests are minimal")
+  ```
+
+- [ ] **Action comparison mode:**
+  - Record tool calls made during test
+  - Compare against expected actions
+  - "Expected terminal call to pip install, got npm install"
+
+- [ ] **CLI flags:**
+  ```bash
+  python batch_runner.py eval test_cases.yaml       # String matching
+  python batch_runner.py eval test_cases.yaml -g    # + LLM grading
+  python batch_runner.py eval test_cases.yaml -r    # + Result comparison
+  python batch_runner.py eval test_cases.yaml -v    # Verbose (show responses)
+  ```
+
+**Files to modify:** `batch_runner.py`, new `evals/test_cases.py`, new `evals/grader.py`
+
+---
+
+*Last updated: $(date +%Y-%m-%d)* 🤖

agent/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-"""Agent internals -- extracted modules from run_agent.py.
-
-These modules contain pure utility functions and self-contained classes
-that were previously embedded in the 3,600-line run_agent.py. Extracting
-them makes run_agent.py focused on the AIAgent orchestrator class.
-"""

agent/auxiliary_client.py

@@ -1,600 +0,0 @@
-"""Shared auxiliary OpenAI client for cheap/fast side tasks.
-
-Provides a single resolution chain so every consumer (context compression,
-session search, web extraction, vision analysis, browser vision) picks up
-the best available backend without duplicating fallback logic.
-
-Resolution order for text tasks (auto mode):
-  1. OpenRouter  (OPENROUTER_API_KEY)
-  2. Nous Portal (~/.hermes/auth.json active provider)
-  3. Custom endpoint (OPENAI_BASE_URL + OPENAI_API_KEY)
-  4. Codex OAuth (Responses API via chatgpt.com with gpt-5.3-codex,
-     wrapped to look like a chat.completions client)
-  5. Direct API-key providers (z.ai/GLM, Kimi/Moonshot, MiniMax, MiniMax-CN)
-     — checked via PROVIDER_REGISTRY entries with auth_type='api_key'
-  6. None
-
-Resolution order for vision/multimodal tasks (auto mode):
-  1. OpenRouter
-  2. Nous Portal
-  3. None  (steps 3-5 are skipped — they may not support multimodal)
-
-Per-task provider overrides (e.g. AUXILIARY_VISION_PROVIDER,
-CONTEXT_COMPRESSION_PROVIDER) can force a specific provider for each task:
-"openrouter", "nous", "codex", or "main" (= steps 3-5).
-Default "auto" follows the chains above.
-
-Per-task model overrides (e.g. AUXILIARY_VISION_MODEL,
-AUXILIARY_WEB_EXTRACT_MODEL) let callers use a different model slug
-than the provider's default.
-"""
-
-import json
-import logging
-import os
-from pathlib import Path
-from types import SimpleNamespace
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
-
-from openai import OpenAI
-
-from hermes_constants import OPENROUTER_BASE_URL
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-# Default auxiliary models for direct API-key providers (cheap/fast for side tasks)
-_API_KEY_PROVIDER_AUX_MODELS: Dict[str, str] = {
-    "zai": "glm-4.5-flash",
-    "kimi-coding": "kimi-k2-turbo-preview",
-    "minimax": "MiniMax-M2.5-highspeed",
-    "minimax-cn": "MiniMax-M2.5-highspeed",
-}
-
-# OpenRouter app attribution headers
-_OR_HEADERS = {
-    "HTTP-Referer": "https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent",
-    "X-OpenRouter-Title": "Hermes Agent",
-    "X-OpenRouter-Categories": "productivity,cli-agent",
-}
-
-# Nous Portal extra_body for product attribution.
-# Callers should pass this as extra_body in chat.completions.create()
-# when the auxiliary client is backed by Nous Portal.
-NOUS_EXTRA_BODY = {"tags": ["product=hermes-agent"]}
-
-# Set at resolve time — True if the auxiliary client points to Nous Portal
-auxiliary_is_nous: bool = False
-
-# Default auxiliary models per provider
-_OPENROUTER_MODEL = "google/gemini-3-flash-preview"
-_NOUS_MODEL = "gemini-3-flash"
-_NOUS_DEFAULT_BASE_URL = "https://inference-api.nousresearch.com/v1"
-_AUTH_JSON_PATH = Path.home() / ".hermes" / "auth.json"
-
-# Codex fallback: uses the Responses API (the only endpoint the Codex
-# OAuth token can access) with a fast model for auxiliary tasks.
-_CODEX_AUX_MODEL = "gpt-5.3-codex"
-_CODEX_AUX_BASE_URL = "https://chatgpt.com/backend-api/codex"
-
-
-# ── Codex Responses → chat.completions adapter ─────────────────────────────
-# All auxiliary consumers call client.chat.completions.create(**kwargs) and
-# read response.choices[0].message.content. This adapter translates those
-# calls to the Codex Responses API so callers don't need any changes.
-
-
-def _convert_content_for_responses(content: Any) -> Any:
-    """Convert chat.completions content to Responses API format.
-
-    chat.completions uses:
-      {"type": "text", "text": "..."}
-      {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": "data:image/png;base64,..."}}
-
-    Responses API uses:
-      {"type": "input_text", "text": "..."}
-      {"type": "input_image", "image_url": "data:image/png;base64,..."}
-
-    If content is a plain string, it's returned as-is (the Responses API
-    accepts strings directly for text-only messages).
-    """
-    if isinstance(content, str):
-        return content
-    if not isinstance(content, list):
-        return str(content) if content else ""
-
-    converted: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
-    for part in content:
-        if not isinstance(part, dict):
-            continue
-        ptype = part.get("type", "")
-        if ptype == "text":
-            converted.append({"type": "input_text", "text": part.get("text", "")})
-        elif ptype == "image_url":
-            # chat.completions nests the URL: {"image_url": {"url": "..."}}
-            image_data = part.get("image_url", {})
-            url = image_data.get("url", "") if isinstance(image_data, dict) else str(image_data)
-            entry: Dict[str, Any] = {"type": "input_image", "image_url": url}
-            # Preserve detail if specified
-            detail = image_data.get("detail") if isinstance(image_data, dict) else None
-            if detail:
-                entry["detail"] = detail
-            converted.append(entry)
-        elif ptype in ("input_text", "input_image"):
-            # Already in Responses format — pass through
-            converted.append(part)
-        else:
-            # Unknown content type — try to preserve as text
-            text = part.get("text", "")
-            if text:
-                converted.append({"type": "input_text", "text": text})
-
-    return converted or ""
-
-
-class _CodexCompletionsAdapter:
-    """Drop-in shim that accepts chat.completions.create() kwargs and
-    routes them through the Codex Responses streaming API."""
-
-    def __init__(self, real_client: OpenAI, model: str):
-        self._client = real_client
-        self._model = model
-
-    def create(self, **kwargs) -> Any:
-        messages = kwargs.get("messages", [])
-        model = kwargs.get("model", self._model)
-        temperature = kwargs.get("temperature")
-
-        # Separate system/instructions from conversation messages.
-        # Convert chat.completions multimodal content blocks to Responses
-        # API format (input_text / input_image instead of text / image_url).
-        instructions = "You are a helpful assistant."
-        input_msgs: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
-        for msg in messages:
-            role = msg.get("role", "user")
-            content = msg.get("content") or ""
-            if role == "system":
-                instructions = content if isinstance(content, str) else str(content)
-            else:
-                input_msgs.append({
-                    "role": role,
-                    "content": _convert_content_for_responses(content),
-                })
-
-        resp_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {
-            "model": model,
-            "instructions": instructions,
-            "input": input_msgs or [{"role": "user", "content": ""}],
-            "store": False,
-        }
-
-        # Note: the Codex endpoint (chatgpt.com/backend-api/codex) does NOT
-        # support max_output_tokens or temperature — omit to avoid 400 errors.
-
-        # Tools support for flush_memories and similar callers
-        tools = kwargs.get("tools")
-        if tools:
-            converted = []
-            for t in tools:
-                fn = t.get("function", {}) if isinstance(t, dict) else {}
-                name = fn.get("name")
-                if not name:
-                    continue
-                converted.append({
-                    "type": "function",
-                    "name": name,
-                    "description": fn.get("description", ""),
-                    "parameters": fn.get("parameters", {}),
-                })
-            if converted:
-                resp_kwargs["tools"] = converted
-
-        # Stream and collect the response
-        text_parts: List[str] = []
-        tool_calls_raw: List[Any] = []
-        usage = None
-
-        try:
-            with self._client.responses.stream(**resp_kwargs) as stream:
-                for _event in stream:
-                    pass
-                final = stream.get_final_response()
-
-            # Extract text and tool calls from the Responses output
-            for item in getattr(final, "output", []):
-                item_type = getattr(item, "type", None)
-                if item_type == "message":
-                    for part in getattr(item, "content", []):
-                        ptype = getattr(part, "type", None)
-                        if ptype in ("output_text", "text"):
-                            text_parts.append(getattr(part, "text", ""))
-                elif item_type == "function_call":
-                    tool_calls_raw.append(SimpleNamespace(
-                        id=getattr(item, "call_id", ""),
-                        type="function",
-                        function=SimpleNamespace(
-                            name=getattr(item, "name", ""),
-                            arguments=getattr(item, "arguments", "{}"),
-                        ),
-                    ))
-
-            resp_usage = getattr(final, "usage", None)
-            if resp_usage:
-                usage = SimpleNamespace(
-                    prompt_tokens=getattr(resp_usage, "input_tokens", 0),
-                    completion_tokens=getattr(resp_usage, "output_tokens", 0),
-                    total_tokens=getattr(resp_usage, "total_tokens", 0),
-                )
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.debug("Codex auxiliary Responses API call failed: %s", exc)
-            raise
-
-        content = "".join(text_parts).strip() or None
-
-        # Build a response that looks like chat.completions
-        message = SimpleNamespace(
-            role="assistant",
-            content=content,
-            tool_calls=tool_calls_raw or None,
-        )
-        choice = SimpleNamespace(
-            index=0,
-            message=message,
-            finish_reason="stop" if not tool_calls_raw else "tool_calls",
-        )
-        return SimpleNamespace(
-            choices=[choice],
-            model=model,
-            usage=usage,
-        )
-
-
-class _CodexChatShim:
-    """Wraps the adapter to provide client.chat.completions.create()."""
-
-    def __init__(self, adapter: _CodexCompletionsAdapter):
-        self.completions = adapter
-
-
-class CodexAuxiliaryClient:
-    """OpenAI-client-compatible wrapper that routes through Codex Responses API.
-
-    Consumers can call client.chat.completions.create(**kwargs) as normal.
-    Also exposes .api_key and .base_url for introspection by async wrappers.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, real_client: OpenAI, model: str):
-        self._real_client = real_client
-        adapter = _CodexCompletionsAdapter(real_client, model)
-        self.chat = _CodexChatShim(adapter)
-        self.api_key = real_client.api_key
-        self.base_url = real_client.base_url
-
-    def close(self):
-        self._real_client.close()
-
-
-class _AsyncCodexCompletionsAdapter:
-    """Async version of the Codex Responses adapter.
-
-    Wraps the sync adapter via asyncio.to_thread() so async consumers
-    (web_tools, session_search) can await it as normal.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, sync_adapter: _CodexCompletionsAdapter):
-        self._sync = sync_adapter
-
-    async def create(self, **kwargs) -> Any:
-        import asyncio
-        return await asyncio.to_thread(self._sync.create, **kwargs)
-
-
-class _AsyncCodexChatShim:
-    def __init__(self, adapter: _AsyncCodexCompletionsAdapter):
-        self.completions = adapter
-
-
-class AsyncCodexAuxiliaryClient:
-    """Async-compatible wrapper matching AsyncOpenAI.chat.completions.create()."""
-
-    def __init__(self, sync_wrapper: "CodexAuxiliaryClient"):
-        sync_adapter = sync_wrapper.chat.completions
-        async_adapter = _AsyncCodexCompletionsAdapter(sync_adapter)
-        self.chat = _AsyncCodexChatShim(async_adapter)
-        self.api_key = sync_wrapper.api_key
-        self.base_url = sync_wrapper.base_url
-
-
-def _read_nous_auth() -> Optional[dict]:
-    """Read and validate ~/.hermes/auth.json for an active Nous provider.
-
-    Returns the provider state dict if Nous is active with tokens,
-    otherwise None.
-    """
-    try:
-        if not _AUTH_JSON_PATH.is_file():
-            return None
-        data = json.loads(_AUTH_JSON_PATH.read_text())
-        if data.get("active_provider") != "nous":
-            return None
-        provider = data.get("providers", {}).get("nous", {})
-        # Must have at least an access_token or agent_key
-        if not provider.get("agent_key") and not provider.get("access_token"):
-            return None
-        return provider
-    except Exception as exc:
-        logger.debug("Could not read Nous auth: %s", exc)
-        return None
-
-
-def _nous_api_key(provider: dict) -> str:
-    """Extract the best API key from a Nous provider state dict."""
-    return provider.get("agent_key") or provider.get("access_token", "")
-
-
-def _nous_base_url() -> str:
-    """Resolve the Nous inference base URL from env or default."""
-    return os.getenv("NOUS_INFERENCE_BASE_URL", _NOUS_DEFAULT_BASE_URL)
-
-
-def _read_codex_access_token() -> Optional[str]:
-    """Read a valid Codex OAuth access token from Hermes auth store (~/.hermes/auth.json)."""
-    try:
-        from hermes_cli.auth import _read_codex_tokens
-        data = _read_codex_tokens()
-        tokens = data.get("tokens", {})
-        access_token = tokens.get("access_token")
-        if isinstance(access_token, str) and access_token.strip():
-            return access_token.strip()
-        return None
-    except Exception as exc:
-        logger.debug("Could not read Codex auth for auxiliary client: %s", exc)
-        return None
-
-
-def _resolve_api_key_provider() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    """Try each API-key provider in PROVIDER_REGISTRY order.
-
-    Returns (client, model) for the first provider whose env var is set,
-    or (None, None) if none are configured.
-    """
-    try:
-        from hermes_cli.auth import PROVIDER_REGISTRY
-    except ImportError:
-        logger.debug("Could not import PROVIDER_REGISTRY for API-key fallback")
-        return None, None
-
-    for provider_id, pconfig in PROVIDER_REGISTRY.items():
-        if pconfig.auth_type != "api_key":
-            continue
-        # Check if any of the provider's env vars are set
-        api_key = ""
-        for env_var in pconfig.api_key_env_vars:
-            val = os.getenv(env_var, "").strip()
-            if val:
-                api_key = val
-                break
-        if not api_key:
-            continue
-        # Resolve base URL (with optional env-var override)
-        # Kimi Code keys (sk-kimi-) need api.kimi.com/coding/v1
-        env_url = ""
-        if pconfig.base_url_env_var:
-            env_url = os.getenv(pconfig.base_url_env_var, "").strip()
-        if env_url:
-            base_url = env_url.rstrip("/")
-        elif provider_id == "kimi-coding" and api_key.startswith("sk-kimi-"):
-            base_url = "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1"
-        else:
-            base_url = pconfig.inference_base_url
-        model = _API_KEY_PROVIDER_AUX_MODELS.get(provider_id, "default")
-        logger.debug("Auxiliary text client: %s (%s)", pconfig.name, model)
-        extra = {}
-        if "api.kimi.com" in base_url.lower():
-            extra["default_headers"] = {"User-Agent": "KimiCLI/1.0"}
-        return OpenAI(api_key=api_key, base_url=base_url, **extra), model
-
-    return None, None
-
-
-# ── Provider resolution helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-def _get_auxiliary_provider(task: str = "") -> str:
-    """Read the provider override for a specific auxiliary task.
-
-    Checks AUXILIARY_{TASK}_PROVIDER first (e.g. AUXILIARY_VISION_PROVIDER),
-    then CONTEXT_{TASK}_PROVIDER (for the compression section's summary_provider),
-    then falls back to "auto".  Returns one of: "auto", "openrouter", "nous", "main".
-    """
-    if task:
-        for prefix in ("AUXILIARY_", "CONTEXT_"):
-            val = os.getenv(f"{prefix}{task.upper()}_PROVIDER", "").strip().lower()
-            if val and val != "auto":
-                return val
-    return "auto"
-
-
-def _try_openrouter() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    or_key = os.getenv("OPENROUTER_API_KEY")
-    if not or_key:
-        return None, None
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary client: OpenRouter")
-    return OpenAI(api_key=or_key, base_url=OPENROUTER_BASE_URL,
-                   default_headers=_OR_HEADERS), _OPENROUTER_MODEL
-
-
-def _try_nous() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    nous = _read_nous_auth()
-    if not nous:
-        return None, None
-    global auxiliary_is_nous
-    auxiliary_is_nous = True
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary client: Nous Portal")
-    return (
-        OpenAI(api_key=_nous_api_key(nous), base_url=_nous_base_url()),
-        _NOUS_MODEL,
-    )
-
-
-def _try_custom_endpoint() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    custom_base = os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
-    custom_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
-    if not custom_base or not custom_key:
-        return None, None
-    model = os.getenv("OPENAI_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "gpt-4o-mini"
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary client: custom endpoint (%s)", model)
-    return OpenAI(api_key=custom_key, base_url=custom_base), model
-
-
-def _try_codex() -> Tuple[Optional[Any], Optional[str]]:
-    codex_token = _read_codex_access_token()
-    if not codex_token:
-        return None, None
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary client: Codex OAuth (%s via Responses API)", _CODEX_AUX_MODEL)
-    real_client = OpenAI(api_key=codex_token, base_url=_CODEX_AUX_BASE_URL)
-    return CodexAuxiliaryClient(real_client, _CODEX_AUX_MODEL), _CODEX_AUX_MODEL
-
-
-def _resolve_forced_provider(forced: str) -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    """Resolve a specific forced provider.  Returns (None, None) if creds missing."""
-    if forced == "openrouter":
-        client, model = _try_openrouter()
-        if client is None:
-            logger.warning("auxiliary.provider=openrouter but OPENROUTER_API_KEY not set")
-        return client, model
-
-    if forced == "nous":
-        client, model = _try_nous()
-        if client is None:
-            logger.warning("auxiliary.provider=nous but Nous Portal not configured (run: hermes login)")
-        return client, model
-
-    if forced == "codex":
-        client, model = _try_codex()
-        if client is None:
-            logger.warning("auxiliary.provider=codex but no Codex OAuth token found (run: hermes model)")
-        return client, model
-
-    if forced == "main":
-        # "main" = skip OpenRouter/Nous, use the main chat model's credentials.
-        for try_fn in (_try_custom_endpoint, _try_codex, _resolve_api_key_provider):
-            client, model = try_fn()
-            if client is not None:
-                return client, model
-        logger.warning("auxiliary.provider=main but no main endpoint credentials found")
-        return None, None
-
-    # Unknown provider name — fall through to auto
-    logger.warning("Unknown auxiliary.provider=%r, falling back to auto", forced)
-    return None, None
-
-
-def _resolve_auto() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    """Full auto-detection chain: OpenRouter → Nous → custom → Codex → API-key → None."""
-    for try_fn in (_try_openrouter, _try_nous, _try_custom_endpoint,
-                   _try_codex, _resolve_api_key_provider):
-        client, model = try_fn()
-        if client is not None:
-            return client, model
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary client: none available")
-    return None, None
-
-
-# ── Public API ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-def get_text_auxiliary_client(task: str = "") -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    """Return (client, default_model_slug) for text-only auxiliary tasks.
-
-    Args:
-        task: Optional task name ("compression", "web_extract") to check
-              for a task-specific provider override.
-
-    Callers may override the returned model with a per-task env var
-    (e.g. CONTEXT_COMPRESSION_MODEL, AUXILIARY_WEB_EXTRACT_MODEL).
-    """
-    forced = _get_auxiliary_provider(task)
-    if forced != "auto":
-        return _resolve_forced_provider(forced)
-    return _resolve_auto()
-
-
-def get_async_text_auxiliary_client(task: str = ""):
-    """Return (async_client, model_slug) for async consumers.
-
-    For standard providers returns (AsyncOpenAI, model). For Codex returns
-    (AsyncCodexAuxiliaryClient, model) which wraps the Responses API.
-    Returns (None, None) when no provider is available.
-    """
-    from openai import AsyncOpenAI
-
-    sync_client, model = get_text_auxiliary_client(task)
-    if sync_client is None:
-        return None, None
-
-    if isinstance(sync_client, CodexAuxiliaryClient):
-        return AsyncCodexAuxiliaryClient(sync_client), model
-
-    async_kwargs = {
-        "api_key": sync_client.api_key,
-        "base_url": str(sync_client.base_url),
-    }
-    if "openrouter" in str(sync_client.base_url).lower():
-        async_kwargs["default_headers"] = dict(_OR_HEADERS)
-    elif "api.kimi.com" in str(sync_client.base_url).lower():
-        async_kwargs["default_headers"] = {"User-Agent": "KimiCLI/1.0"}
-    return AsyncOpenAI(**async_kwargs), model
-
-
-def get_vision_auxiliary_client() -> Tuple[Optional[OpenAI], Optional[str]]:
-    """Return (client, default_model_slug) for vision/multimodal auxiliary tasks.
-
-    Checks AUXILIARY_VISION_PROVIDER for a forced provider, otherwise
-    auto-detects.  Callers may override the returned model with
-    AUXILIARY_VISION_MODEL.
-
-    In auto mode, only providers known to support multimodal are tried:
-    OpenRouter, Nous Portal, and Codex OAuth (gpt-5.3-codex supports
-    vision via the Responses API).  Custom endpoints and API-key
-    providers are skipped — they may not handle vision input.  To use
-    them, set AUXILIARY_VISION_PROVIDER explicitly.
-    """
-    forced = _get_auxiliary_provider("vision")
-    if forced != "auto":
-        return _resolve_forced_provider(forced)
-    # Auto: try providers known to support multimodal first, then fall
-    # back to the user's custom endpoint.  Many local models (Qwen-VL,
-    # LLaVA, Pixtral, etc.) support vision — skipping them entirely
-    # caused silent failures for local-only users.
-    for try_fn in (_try_openrouter, _try_nous, _try_codex,
-                   _try_custom_endpoint):
-        client, model = try_fn()
-        if client is not None:
-            return client, model
-    logger.debug("Auxiliary vision client: none available")
-    return None, None
-
-
-def get_auxiliary_extra_body() -> dict:
-    """Return extra_body kwargs for auxiliary API calls.
-    
-    Includes Nous Portal product tags when the auxiliary client is backed
-    by Nous Portal. Returns empty dict otherwise.
-    """
-    return dict(NOUS_EXTRA_BODY) if auxiliary_is_nous else {}
-
-
-def auxiliary_max_tokens_param(value: int) -> dict:
-    """Return the correct max tokens kwarg for the auxiliary client's provider.
-    
-    OpenRouter and local models use 'max_tokens'. Direct OpenAI with newer
-    models (gpt-4o, o-series, gpt-5+) requires 'max_completion_tokens'.
-    The Codex adapter translates max_tokens internally, so we use max_tokens
-    for it as well.
-    """
-    custom_base = os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL", "")
-    or_key = os.getenv("OPENROUTER_API_KEY")
-    # Only use max_completion_tokens for direct OpenAI custom endpoints
-    if (not or_key
-            and _read_nous_auth() is None
-            and "api.openai.com" in custom_base.lower()):
-        return {"max_completion_tokens": value}
-    return {"max_tokens": value}

agent/context_compressor.py

@@ -1,367 +0,0 @@
-"""Automatic context window compression for long conversations.
-
-Self-contained class with its own OpenAI client for summarization.
-Uses Gemini Flash (cheap/fast) to summarize middle turns while
-protecting head and tail context.
-"""
-
-import logging
-import os
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
-
-from agent.auxiliary_client import get_text_auxiliary_client
-from agent.model_metadata import (
-    get_model_context_length,
-    estimate_messages_tokens_rough,
-)
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-class ContextCompressor:
-    """Compresses conversation context when approaching the model's context limit.
-
-    Algorithm: protect first N + last N turns, summarize everything in between.
-    Token tracking uses actual counts from API responses for accuracy.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        model: str,
-        threshold_percent: float = 0.85,
-        protect_first_n: int = 3,
-        protect_last_n: int = 4,
-        summary_target_tokens: int = 2500,
-        quiet_mode: bool = False,
-        summary_model_override: str = None,
-        base_url: str = "",
-    ):
-        self.model = model
-        self.base_url = base_url
-        self.threshold_percent = threshold_percent
-        self.protect_first_n = protect_first_n
-        self.protect_last_n = protect_last_n
-        self.summary_target_tokens = summary_target_tokens
-        self.quiet_mode = quiet_mode
-
-        self.context_length = get_model_context_length(model, base_url=base_url)
-        self.threshold_tokens = int(self.context_length * threshold_percent)
-        self.compression_count = 0
-        self._context_probed = False  # True after a step-down from context error
-
-        self.last_prompt_tokens = 0
-        self.last_completion_tokens = 0
-        self.last_total_tokens = 0
-
-        self.client, default_model = get_text_auxiliary_client("compression")
-        self.summary_model = summary_model_override or default_model
-
-    def update_from_response(self, usage: Dict[str, Any]):
-        """Update tracked token usage from API response."""
-        self.last_prompt_tokens = usage.get("prompt_tokens", 0)
-        self.last_completion_tokens = usage.get("completion_tokens", 0)
-        self.last_total_tokens = usage.get("total_tokens", 0)
-
-    def should_compress(self, prompt_tokens: int = None) -> bool:
-        """Check if context exceeds the compression threshold."""
-        tokens = prompt_tokens if prompt_tokens is not None else self.last_prompt_tokens
-        return tokens >= self.threshold_tokens
-
-    def should_compress_preflight(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> bool:
-        """Quick pre-flight check using rough estimate (before API call)."""
-        rough_estimate = estimate_messages_tokens_rough(messages)
-        return rough_estimate >= self.threshold_tokens
-
-    def get_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        """Get current compression status for display/logging."""
-        return {
-            "last_prompt_tokens": self.last_prompt_tokens,
-            "threshold_tokens": self.threshold_tokens,
-            "context_length": self.context_length,
-            "usage_percent": (self.last_prompt_tokens / self.context_length * 100) if self.context_length else 0,
-            "compression_count": self.compression_count,
-        }
-
-    def _generate_summary(self, turns_to_summarize: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Optional[str]:
-        """Generate a concise summary of conversation turns.
-
-        Tries the auxiliary model first, then falls back to the user's main
-        model.  Returns None if all attempts fail — the caller should drop
-        the middle turns without a summary rather than inject a useless
-        placeholder.
-        """
-        parts = []
-        for msg in turns_to_summarize:
-            role = msg.get("role", "unknown")
-            content = msg.get("content") or ""
-            if len(content) > 2000:
-                content = content[:1000] + "\n...[truncated]...\n" + content[-500:]
-            tool_calls = msg.get("tool_calls", [])
-            if tool_calls:
-                tool_names = [tc.get("function", {}).get("name", "?") for tc in tool_calls if isinstance(tc, dict)]
-                content += f"\n[Tool calls: {', '.join(tool_names)}]"
-            parts.append(f"[{role.upper()}]: {content}")
-
-        content_to_summarize = "\n\n".join(parts)
-        prompt = (
-            "You are performing a CONTEXT CHECKPOINT COMPACTION. Create a handoff "
-            "summary for the AI assistant that will resume this conversation.\n\n"
-            "Include:\n"
-            "- Current progress and key decisions made\n"
-            "- Important context, constraints, or user preferences discovered\n"
-            "- What remains to be done (clear next steps)\n"
-            "- Any critical data: file paths, variable names, URLs, error messages, "
-            "or code snippets needed to continue\n"
-            "- Tool calls made and their key results\n\n"
-            "Be concise, structured, and focused on helping the assistant seamlessly "
-            "continue the work without re-doing what's already been done.\n\n"
-            f"Target roughly {self.summary_target_tokens} tokens.\n\n"
-            "---\n"
-            f"TURNS TO SUMMARIZE:\n{content_to_summarize}\n"
-            "---\n\n"
-            'Write only the summary, starting with "[CONTEXT SUMMARY]:" prefix.'
-        )
-
-        # 1. Try the auxiliary model (cheap/fast)
-        if self.client:
-            try:
-                return self._call_summary_model(self.client, self.summary_model, prompt)
-            except Exception as e:
-                logging.warning(f"Failed to generate context summary with auxiliary model: {e}")
-
-        # 2. Fallback: try the user's main model endpoint
-        fallback_client, fallback_model = self._get_fallback_client()
-        if fallback_client is not None:
-            try:
-                logger.info("Retrying context summary with main model (%s)", fallback_model)
-                summary = self._call_summary_model(fallback_client, fallback_model, prompt)
-                self.client = fallback_client
-                self.summary_model = fallback_model
-                return summary
-            except Exception as fallback_err:
-                logging.warning(f"Main model summary also failed: {fallback_err}")
-
-        # 3. All models failed — return None so the caller drops turns without a summary
-        logging.warning("Context compression: no model available for summary. Middle turns will be dropped without summary.")
-        return None
-
-    def _call_summary_model(self, client, model: str, prompt: str) -> str:
-        """Make the actual LLM call to generate a summary. Raises on failure."""
-        kwargs = {
-            "model": model,
-            "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
-            "temperature": 0.3,
-            "timeout": 30.0,
-        }
-        # Most providers (OpenRouter, local models) use max_tokens.
-        # Direct OpenAI with newer models (gpt-4o, o-series, gpt-5+)
-        # requires max_completion_tokens instead.
-        try:
-            kwargs["max_tokens"] = self.summary_target_tokens * 2
-            response = client.chat.completions.create(**kwargs)
-        except Exception as first_err:
-            if "max_tokens" in str(first_err) or "unsupported_parameter" in str(first_err):
-                kwargs.pop("max_tokens", None)
-                kwargs["max_completion_tokens"] = self.summary_target_tokens * 2
-                response = client.chat.completions.create(**kwargs)
-            else:
-                raise
-
-        summary = response.choices[0].message.content.strip()
-        if not summary.startswith("[CONTEXT SUMMARY]:"):
-            summary = "[CONTEXT SUMMARY]: " + summary
-        return summary
-
-    def _get_fallback_client(self):
-        """Try to build a fallback client from the main model's endpoint config.
-
-        When the primary auxiliary client fails (e.g. stale OpenRouter key), this
-        creates a client using the user's active custom endpoint (OPENAI_BASE_URL)
-        so compression can still produce a real summary instead of a static string.
-
-        Returns (client, model) or (None, None).
-        """
-        custom_base = os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
-        custom_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
-        if not custom_base or not custom_key:
-            return None, None
-
-        # Don't fallback to the same provider that just failed
-        from hermes_constants import OPENROUTER_BASE_URL
-        if custom_base.rstrip("/") == OPENROUTER_BASE_URL.rstrip("/"):
-            return None, None
-
-        model = os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or os.getenv("OPENAI_MODEL") or self.model
-        try:
-            from openai import OpenAI as _OpenAI
-            client = _OpenAI(api_key=custom_key, base_url=custom_base)
-            logger.debug("Built fallback auxiliary client: %s via %s", model, custom_base)
-            return client, model
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.debug("Could not build fallback auxiliary client: %s", exc)
-            return None, None
-
-    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Tool-call / tool-result pair integrity helpers
-    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _get_tool_call_id(tc) -> str:
-        """Extract the call ID from a tool_call entry (dict or SimpleNamespace)."""
-        if isinstance(tc, dict):
-            return tc.get("id", "")
-        return getattr(tc, "id", "") or ""
-
-    def _sanitize_tool_pairs(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-        """Fix orphaned tool_call / tool_result pairs after compression.
-
-        Two failure modes:
-        1. A tool *result* references a call_id whose assistant tool_call was
-           removed (summarized/truncated).  The API rejects this with
-           "No tool call found for function call output with call_id ...".
-        2. An assistant message has tool_calls whose results were dropped.
-           The API rejects this because every tool_call must be followed by
-           a tool result with the matching call_id.
-
-        This method removes orphaned results and inserts stub results for
-        orphaned calls so the message list is always well-formed.
-        """
-        surviving_call_ids: set = set()
-        for msg in messages:
-            if msg.get("role") == "assistant":
-                for tc in msg.get("tool_calls") or []:
-                    cid = self._get_tool_call_id(tc)
-                    if cid:
-                        surviving_call_ids.add(cid)
-
-        result_call_ids: set = set()
-        for msg in messages:
-            if msg.get("role") == "tool":
-                cid = msg.get("tool_call_id")
-                if cid:
-                    result_call_ids.add(cid)
-
-        # 1. Remove tool results whose call_id has no matching assistant tool_call
-        orphaned_results = result_call_ids - surviving_call_ids
-        if orphaned_results:
-            messages = [
-                m for m in messages
-                if not (m.get("role") == "tool" and m.get("tool_call_id") in orphaned_results)
-            ]
-            if not self.quiet_mode:
-                logger.info("Compression sanitizer: removed %d orphaned tool result(s)", len(orphaned_results))
-
-        # 2. Add stub results for assistant tool_calls whose results were dropped
-        missing_results = surviving_call_ids - result_call_ids
-        if missing_results:
-            patched: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
-            for msg in messages:
-                patched.append(msg)
-                if msg.get("role") == "assistant":
-                    for tc in msg.get("tool_calls") or []:
-                        cid = self._get_tool_call_id(tc)
-                        if cid in missing_results:
-                            patched.append({
-                                "role": "tool",
-                                "content": "[Result from earlier conversation — see context summary above]",
-                                "tool_call_id": cid,
-                            })
-            messages = patched
-            if not self.quiet_mode:
-                logger.info("Compression sanitizer: added %d stub tool result(s)", len(missing_results))
-
-        return messages
-
-    def _align_boundary_forward(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]], idx: int) -> int:
-        """Push a compress-start boundary forward past any orphan tool results.
-
-        If ``messages[idx]`` is a tool result, slide forward until we hit a
-        non-tool message so we don't start the summarised region mid-group.
-        """
-        while idx < len(messages) and messages[idx].get("role") == "tool":
-            idx += 1
-        return idx
-
-    def _align_boundary_backward(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]], idx: int) -> int:
-        """Pull a compress-end boundary backward to avoid splitting a
-        tool_call / result group.
-
-        If the message just before ``idx`` is an assistant message with
-        tool_calls, those tool results will start at ``idx`` and would be
-        separated from their parent.  Move backwards to include the whole
-        group in the summarised region.
-        """
-        if idx <= 0 or idx >= len(messages):
-            return idx
-        prev = messages[idx - 1]
-        if prev.get("role") == "assistant" and prev.get("tool_calls"):
-            # The results for this assistant turn sit at idx..idx+k.
-            # Include the assistant message in the summarised region too.
-            idx -= 1
-        return idx
-
-    def compress(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]], current_tokens: int = None) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-        """Compress conversation messages by summarizing middle turns.
-
-        Keeps first N + last N turns, summarizes everything in between.
-        After compression, orphaned tool_call / tool_result pairs are cleaned
-        up so the API never receives mismatched IDs.
-        """
-        n_messages = len(messages)
-        if n_messages <= self.protect_first_n + self.protect_last_n + 1:
-            if not self.quiet_mode:
-                print(f"⚠️  Cannot compress: only {n_messages} messages (need > {self.protect_first_n + self.protect_last_n + 1})")
-            return messages
-
-        compress_start = self.protect_first_n
-        compress_end = n_messages - self.protect_last_n
-        if compress_start >= compress_end:
-            return messages
-
-        # Adjust boundaries to avoid splitting tool_call/result groups.
-        compress_start = self._align_boundary_forward(messages, compress_start)
-        compress_end = self._align_boundary_backward(messages, compress_end)
-        if compress_start >= compress_end:
-            return messages
-
-        turns_to_summarize = messages[compress_start:compress_end]
-        display_tokens = current_tokens if current_tokens else self.last_prompt_tokens or estimate_messages_tokens_rough(messages)
-
-        if not self.quiet_mode:
-            print(f"\n📦 Context compression triggered ({display_tokens:,} tokens ≥ {self.threshold_tokens:,} threshold)")
-            print(f"   📊 Model context limit: {self.context_length:,} tokens ({self.threshold_percent*100:.0f}% = {self.threshold_tokens:,})")
-
-        if not self.quiet_mode:
-            print(f"   🗜️  Summarizing turns {compress_start+1}-{compress_end} ({len(turns_to_summarize)} turns)")
-
-        summary = self._generate_summary(turns_to_summarize)
-
-        compressed = []
-        for i in range(compress_start):
-            msg = messages[i].copy()
-            if i == 0 and msg.get("role") == "system" and self.compression_count == 0:
-                msg["content"] = (msg.get("content") or "") + "\n\n[Note: Some earlier conversation turns may be summarized to preserve context space.]"
-            compressed.append(msg)
-
-        if summary:
-            last_head_role = messages[compress_start - 1].get("role", "user") if compress_start > 0 else "user"
-            summary_role = "user" if last_head_role in ("assistant", "tool") else "assistant"
-            compressed.append({"role": summary_role, "content": summary})
-        else:
-            if not self.quiet_mode:
-                print("   ⚠️  No summary model available — middle turns dropped without summary")
-
-        for i in range(compress_end, n_messages):
-            compressed.append(messages[i].copy())
-
-        self.compression_count += 1
-
-        compressed = self._sanitize_tool_pairs(compressed)
-
-        if not self.quiet_mode:
-            new_estimate = estimate_messages_tokens_rough(compressed)
-            saved_estimate = display_tokens - new_estimate
-            print(f"   ✅ Compressed: {n_messages} → {len(compressed)} messages (~{saved_estimate:,} tokens saved)")
-            print(f"   💡 Compression #{self.compression_count} complete")
-
-        return compressed

agent/display.py

@@ -1,537 +0,0 @@
-"""CLI presentation -- spinner, kawaii faces, tool preview formatting.
-
-Pure display functions and classes with no AIAgent dependency.
-Used by AIAgent._execute_tool_calls for CLI feedback.
-"""
-
-import json
-import logging
-import os
-import sys
-import threading
-import time
-
-# ANSI escape codes for coloring tool failure indicators
-_RED = "\033[31m"
-_RESET = "\033[0m"
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Skin-aware helpers (lazy import to avoid circular deps)
-# =========================================================================
-
-def _get_skin():
-    """Get the active skin config, or None if not available."""
-    try:
-        from hermes_cli.skin_engine import get_active_skin
-        return get_active_skin()
-    except Exception:
-        return None
-
-
-def get_skin_faces(key: str, default: list) -> list:
-    """Get spinner face list from active skin, falling back to default."""
-    skin = _get_skin()
-    if skin:
-        faces = skin.get_spinner_list(key)
-        if faces:
-            return faces
-    return default
-
-
-def get_skin_verbs() -> list:
-    """Get thinking verbs from active skin."""
-    skin = _get_skin()
-    if skin:
-        verbs = skin.get_spinner_list("thinking_verbs")
-        if verbs:
-            return verbs
-    return KawaiiSpinner.THINKING_VERBS
-
-
-def get_skin_tool_prefix() -> str:
-    """Get tool output prefix character from active skin."""
-    skin = _get_skin()
-    if skin:
-        return skin.tool_prefix
-    return "┊"
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Tool preview (one-line summary of a tool call's primary argument)
-# =========================================================================
-
-def build_tool_preview(tool_name: str, args: dict, max_len: int = 40) -> str:
-    """Build a short preview of a tool call's primary argument for display."""
-    if not args:
-        return None
-    primary_args = {
-        "terminal": "command", "web_search": "query", "web_extract": "urls",
-        "read_file": "path", "write_file": "path", "patch": "path",
-        "search_files": "pattern", "browser_navigate": "url",
-        "browser_click": "ref", "browser_type": "text",
-        "image_generate": "prompt", "text_to_speech": "text",
-        "vision_analyze": "question", "mixture_of_agents": "user_prompt",
-        "skill_view": "name", "skills_list": "category",
-        "schedule_cronjob": "name",
-        "execute_code": "code", "delegate_task": "goal",
-        "clarify": "question", "skill_manage": "name",
-    }
-
-    if tool_name == "process":
-        action = args.get("action", "")
-        sid = args.get("session_id", "")
-        data = args.get("data", "")
-        timeout_val = args.get("timeout")
-        parts = [action]
-        if sid:
-            parts.append(sid[:16])
-        if data:
-            parts.append(f'"{data[:20]}"')
-        if timeout_val and action == "wait":
-            parts.append(f"{timeout_val}s")
-        return " ".join(parts) if parts else None
-
-    if tool_name == "todo":
-        todos_arg = args.get("todos")
-        merge = args.get("merge", False)
-        if todos_arg is None:
-            return "reading task list"
-        elif merge:
-            return f"updating {len(todos_arg)} task(s)"
-        else:
-            return f"planning {len(todos_arg)} task(s)"
-
-    if tool_name == "session_search":
-        query = args.get("query", "")
-        return f"recall: \"{query[:25]}{'...' if len(query) > 25 else ''}\""
-
-    if tool_name == "memory":
-        action = args.get("action", "")
-        target = args.get("target", "")
-        if action == "add":
-            content = args.get("content", "")
-            return f"+{target}: \"{content[:25]}{'...' if len(content) > 25 else ''}\""
-        elif action == "replace":
-            return f"~{target}: \"{args.get('old_text', '')[:20]}\""
-        elif action == "remove":
-            return f"-{target}: \"{args.get('old_text', '')[:20]}\""
-        return action
-
-    if tool_name == "send_message":
-        target = args.get("target", "?")
-        msg = args.get("message", "")
-        if len(msg) > 20:
-            msg = msg[:17] + "..."
-        return f"to {target}: \"{msg}\""
-
-    if tool_name.startswith("rl_"):
-        rl_previews = {
-            "rl_list_environments": "listing envs",
-            "rl_select_environment": args.get("name", ""),
-            "rl_get_current_config": "reading config",
-            "rl_edit_config": f"{args.get('field', '')}={args.get('value', '')}",
-            "rl_start_training": "starting",
-            "rl_check_status": args.get("run_id", "")[:16],
-            "rl_stop_training": f"stopping {args.get('run_id', '')[:16]}",
-            "rl_get_results": args.get("run_id", "")[:16],
-            "rl_list_runs": "listing runs",
-            "rl_test_inference": f"{args.get('num_steps', 3)} steps",
-        }
-        return rl_previews.get(tool_name)
-
-    key = primary_args.get(tool_name)
-    if not key:
-        for fallback_key in ("query", "text", "command", "path", "name", "prompt", "code", "goal"):
-            if fallback_key in args:
-                key = fallback_key
-                break
-
-    if not key or key not in args:
-        return None
-
-    value = args[key]
-    if isinstance(value, list):
-        value = value[0] if value else ""
-
-    preview = str(value).strip()
-    if not preview:
-        return None
-    if len(preview) > max_len:
-        preview = preview[:max_len - 3] + "..."
-    return preview
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# KawaiiSpinner
-# =========================================================================
-
-class KawaiiSpinner:
-    """Animated spinner with kawaii faces for CLI feedback during tool execution."""
-
-    SPINNERS = {
-        'dots': ['⠋', '⠙', '⠹', '⠸', '⠼', '⠴', '⠦', '⠧', '⠇', '⠏'],
-        'bounce': ['⠁', '⠂', '⠄', '⡀', '⢀', '⠠', '⠐', '⠈'],
-        'grow': ['▁', '▂', '▃', '▄', '▅', '▆', '▇', '█', '▇', '▆', '▅', '▄', '▃', '▂'],
-        'arrows': ['←', '↖', '↑', '↗', '→', '↘', '↓', '↙'],
-        'star': ['✶', '✷', '✸', '✹', '✺', '✹', '✸', '✷'],
-        'moon': ['🌑', '🌒', '🌓', '🌔', '🌕', '🌖', '🌗', '🌘'],
-        'pulse': ['◜', '◠', '◝', '◞', '◡', '◟'],
-        'brain': ['🧠', '💭', '💡', '✨', '💫', '🌟', '💡', '💭'],
-        'sparkle': ['⁺', '˚', '*', '✧', '✦', '✧', '*', '˚'],
-    }
-
-    KAWAII_WAITING = [
-        "(｡◕‿◕｡)", "(◕‿◕✿)", "٩(◕‿◕｡)۶", "(✿◠‿◠)", "( ˘▽˘)っ",
-        "♪(´ε` )", "(◕ᴗ◕✿)", "ヾ(＾∇＾)", "(≧◡≦)", "(★ω★)",
-    ]
-
-    KAWAII_THINKING = [
-        "(｡•́︿•̀｡)", "(◔_◔)", "(¬‿¬)", "( •_•)>⌐■-■", "(⌐■_■)",
-        "(´･_･`)", "◉_◉", "(°ロ°)", "( ˘⌣˘)♡", "ヽ(>∀<☆)☆",
-        "٩(๑❛ᴗ❛๑)۶", "(⊙_⊙)", "(¬_¬)", "( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)", "ಠ_ಠ",
-    ]
-
-    THINKING_VERBS = [
-        "pondering", "contemplating", "musing", "cogitating", "ruminating",
-        "deliberating", "mulling", "reflecting", "processing", "reasoning",
-        "analyzing", "computing", "synthesizing", "formulating", "brainstorming",
-    ]
-
-    def __init__(self, message: str = "", spinner_type: str = 'dots'):
-        self.message = message
-        self.spinner_frames = self.SPINNERS.get(spinner_type, self.SPINNERS['dots'])
-        self.running = False
-        self.thread = None
-        self.frame_idx = 0
-        self.start_time = None
-        self.last_line_len = 0
-        self._last_flush_time = 0.0  # Rate-limit flushes for patch_stdout compat
-        # Capture stdout NOW, before any redirect_stdout(devnull) from
-        # child agents can replace sys.stdout with a black hole.
-        self._out = sys.stdout
-
-    def _write(self, text: str, end: str = '\n', flush: bool = False):
-        """Write to the stdout captured at spinner creation time."""
-        try:
-            self._out.write(text + end)
-            if flush:
-                self._out.flush()
-        except (ValueError, OSError):
-            pass
-
-    def _animate(self):
-        # Cache skin wings at start (avoid per-frame imports)
-        skin = _get_skin()
-        wings = skin.get_spinner_wings() if skin else []
-
-        while self.running:
-            if os.getenv("HERMES_SPINNER_PAUSE"):
-                time.sleep(0.1)
-                continue
-            frame = self.spinner_frames[self.frame_idx % len(self.spinner_frames)]
-            elapsed = time.time() - self.start_time
-            if wings:
-                left, right = wings[self.frame_idx % len(wings)]
-                line = f"  {left} {frame} {self.message} {right} ({elapsed:.1f}s)"
-            else:
-                line = f"  {frame} {self.message} ({elapsed:.1f}s)"
-            pad = max(self.last_line_len - len(line), 0)
-            # Rate-limit flush() calls to avoid spinner spam under
-            # prompt_toolkit's patch_stdout.  Each flush() pushes a queue
-            # item that may trigger a separate run_in_terminal() call; if
-            # items are processed one-at-a-time the \r overwrite is lost
-            # and every frame appears on its own line.  By flushing at
-            # most every 0.4s we guarantee multiple \r-frames are batched
-            # into a single write, so the terminal collapses them correctly.
-            now = time.time()
-            should_flush = (now - self._last_flush_time) >= 0.4
-            self._write(f"\r{line}{' ' * pad}", end='', flush=should_flush)
-            if should_flush:
-                self._last_flush_time = now
-            self.last_line_len = len(line)
-            self.frame_idx += 1
-            time.sleep(0.12)
-
-    def start(self):
-        if self.running:
-            return
-        self.running = True
-        self.start_time = time.time()
-        self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self._animate, daemon=True)
-        self.thread.start()
-
-    def update_text(self, new_message: str):
-        self.message = new_message
-
-    def print_above(self, text: str):
-        """Print a line above the spinner without disrupting animation.
-
-        Clears the current spinner line, prints the text, and lets the
-        next animation tick redraw the spinner on the line below.
-        Thread-safe: uses the captured stdout reference (self._out).
-        Works inside redirect_stdout(devnull) because _write bypasses
-        sys.stdout and writes to the stdout captured at spinner creation.
-        """
-        if not self.running:
-            self._write(f"  {text}", flush=True)
-            return
-        # Clear spinner line with spaces (not \033[K) to avoid garbled escape
-        # codes when prompt_toolkit's patch_stdout is active — same approach
-        # as stop(). Then print text; spinner redraws on next tick.
-        blanks = ' ' * max(self.last_line_len + 5, 40)
-        self._write(f"\r{blanks}\r  {text}", flush=True)
-
-    def stop(self, final_message: str = None):
-        self.running = False
-        if self.thread:
-            self.thread.join(timeout=0.5)
-        # Clear the spinner line with spaces instead of \033[K to avoid
-        # garbled escape codes when prompt_toolkit's patch_stdout is active.
-        blanks = ' ' * max(self.last_line_len + 5, 40)
-        self._write(f"\r{blanks}\r", end='', flush=True)
-        if final_message:
-            self._write(f"  {final_message}", flush=True)
-
-    def __enter__(self):
-        self.start()
-        return self
-
-    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
-        self.stop()
-        return False
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Kawaii face arrays (used by AIAgent._execute_tool_calls for spinner text)
-# =========================================================================
-
-KAWAII_SEARCH = [
-    "♪(´ε` )", "(｡◕‿◕｡)", "ヾ(＾∇＾)", "(◕ᴗ◕✿)", "( ˘▽˘)っ",
-    "٩(◕‿◕｡)۶", "(✿◠‿◠)", "♪～(´ε｀ )", "(ノ´ヮ`)ノ*:・゚✧", "＼(◎o◎)／",
-]
-KAWAII_READ = [
-    "φ(゜▽゜*)♪", "( ˘▽˘)っ", "(⌐■_■)", "٩(｡•́‿•̀｡)۶", "(◕‿◕✿)",
-    "ヾ(＠⌒ー⌒＠)ノ", "(✧ω✧)", "♪(๑ᴖ◡ᴖ๑)♪", "(≧◡≦)", "( ´ ▽ ` )ノ",
-]
-KAWAII_TERMINAL = [
-    "ヽ(>∀<☆)ノ", "(ノ°∀°)ノ", "٩(^ᴗ^)۶", "ヾ(⌐■_■)ノ♪", "(•̀ᴗ•́)و",
-    "┗(＾0＾)┓", "(｀・ω・´)", "＼(￣▽￣)／", "(ง •̀_•́)ง", "ヽ(´▽`)/",
-]
-KAWAII_BROWSER = [
-    "(ノ°∀°)ノ", "(☞゚ヮ゚)☞", "( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)", "┌( ಠ_ಠ)┘", "(⊙_⊙)？",
-    "ヾ(•ω•`)o", "(￣ω￣)", "( ˇωˇ )", "(ᵔᴥᵔ)", "＼(◎o◎)／",
-]
-KAWAII_CREATE = [
-    "✧*。٩(ˊᗜˋ*)و✧", "(ﾉ◕ヮ◕)ﾉ*:・ﾟ✧", "ヽ(>∀<☆)ノ", "٩(♡ε♡)۶", "(◕‿◕)♡",
-    "✿◕ ‿ ◕✿", "(*≧▽≦)", "ヾ(＾-＾)ノ", "(☆▽☆)", "°˖✧◝(⁰▿⁰)◜✧˖°",
-]
-KAWAII_SKILL = [
-    "ヾ(＠⌒ー⌒＠)ノ", "(๑˃ᴗ˂)ﻭ", "٩(◕‿◕｡)۶", "(✿╹◡╹)", "ヽ(・∀・)ノ",
-    "(ノ´ヮ`)ノ*:・ﾟ✧", "♪(๑ᴖ◡ᴖ๑)♪", "(◠‿◠)", "٩(ˊᗜˋ*)و", "(＾▽＾)",
-    "ヾ(＾∇＾)", "(★ω★)/", "٩(｡•́‿•̀｡)۶", "(◕ᴗ◕✿)", "＼(◎o◎)／",
-    "(✧ω✧)", "ヽ(>∀<☆)ノ", "( ˘▽˘)っ", "(≧◡≦) ♡", "ヾ(￣▽￣)",
-]
-KAWAII_THINK = [
-    "(っ°Д°;)っ", "(；′⌒`)", "(・_・ヾ", "( ´_ゝ`)", "(￣ヘ￣)",
-    "(。-`ω´-)", "( ˘︹˘ )", "(¬_¬)", "ヽ(ー_ー )ノ", "(；一_一)",
-]
-KAWAII_GENERIC = [
-    "♪(´ε` )", "(◕‿◕✿)", "ヾ(＾∇＾)", "٩(◕‿◕｡)۶", "(✿◠‿◠)",
-    "(ノ´ヮ`)ノ*:・ﾟ✧", "ヽ(>∀<☆)ノ", "(☆▽☆)", "( ˘▽˘)っ", "(≧◡≦)",
-]
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Cute tool message (completion line that replaces the spinner)
-# =========================================================================
-
-def _detect_tool_failure(tool_name: str, result: str | None) -> tuple[bool, str]:
-    """Inspect a tool result string for signs of failure.
-
-    Returns ``(is_failure, suffix)`` where *suffix* is an informational tag
-    like ``" [exit 1]"`` for terminal failures, or ``" [error]"`` for generic
-    failures.  On success, returns ``(False, "")``.
-    """
-    if result is None:
-        return False, ""
-
-    if tool_name == "terminal":
-        try:
-            data = json.loads(result)
-            exit_code = data.get("exit_code")
-            if exit_code is not None and exit_code != 0:
-                return True, f" [exit {exit_code}]"
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, AttributeError):
-            logger.debug("Could not parse terminal result as JSON for exit code check")
-        return False, ""
-
-    # Memory-specific: distinguish "full" from real errors
-    if tool_name == "memory":
-        try:
-            data = json.loads(result)
-            if data.get("success") is False and "exceed the limit" in data.get("error", ""):
-                return True, " [full]"
-        except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, AttributeError):
-            logger.debug("Could not parse memory result as JSON for capacity check")
-
-    # Generic heuristic for non-terminal tools
-    lower = result[:500].lower()
-    if '"error"' in lower or '"failed"' in lower or result.startswith("Error"):
-        return True, " [error]"
-
-    return False, ""
-
-
-def get_cute_tool_message(
-    tool_name: str, args: dict, duration: float, result: str | None = None,
-) -> str:
-    """Generate a formatted tool completion line for CLI quiet mode.
-
-    Format: ``| {emoji} {verb:9} {detail}  {duration}``
-
-    When *result* is provided the line is checked for failure indicators.
-    Failed tool calls get a red prefix and an informational suffix.
-    """
-    dur = f"{duration:.1f}s"
-    is_failure, failure_suffix = _detect_tool_failure(tool_name, result)
-    skin_prefix = get_skin_tool_prefix()
-
-    def _trunc(s, n=40):
-        s = str(s)
-        return (s[:n-3] + "...") if len(s) > n else s
-
-    def _path(p, n=35):
-        p = str(p)
-        return ("..." + p[-(n-3):]) if len(p) > n else p
-
-    def _wrap(line: str) -> str:
-        """Apply skin tool prefix and failure suffix."""
-        if skin_prefix != "┊":
-            line = line.replace("┊", skin_prefix, 1)
-        if not is_failure:
-            return line
-        return f"{line}{failure_suffix}"
-
-    if tool_name == "web_search":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔍 search    {_trunc(args.get('query', ''), 42)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "web_extract":
-        urls = args.get("urls", [])
-        if urls:
-            url = urls[0] if isinstance(urls, list) else str(urls)
-            domain = url.replace("https://", "").replace("http://", "").split("/")[0]
-            extra = f" +{len(urls)-1}" if len(urls) > 1 else ""
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 📄 fetch     {_trunc(domain, 35)}{extra}  {dur}")
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📄 fetch     pages  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "web_crawl":
-        url = args.get("url", "")
-        domain = url.replace("https://", "").replace("http://", "").split("/")[0]
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🕸️  crawl     {_trunc(domain, 35)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "terminal":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 💻 $         {_trunc(args.get('command', ''), 42)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "process":
-        action = args.get("action", "?")
-        sid = args.get("session_id", "")[:12]
-        labels = {"list": "ls processes", "poll": f"poll {sid}", "log": f"log {sid}",
-                  "wait": f"wait {sid}", "kill": f"kill {sid}", "write": f"write {sid}", "submit": f"submit {sid}"}
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⚙️  proc      {labels.get(action, f'{action} {sid}')}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "read_file":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📖 read      {_path(args.get('path', ''))}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "write_file":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ✍️  write     {_path(args.get('path', ''))}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "patch":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔧 patch     {_path(args.get('path', ''))}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "search_files":
-        pattern = _trunc(args.get("pattern", ""), 35)
-        target = args.get("target", "content")
-        verb = "find" if target == "files" else "grep"
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔎 {verb:9} {pattern}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_navigate":
-        url = args.get("url", "")
-        domain = url.replace("https://", "").replace("http://", "").split("/")[0]
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🌐 navigate  {_trunc(domain, 35)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_snapshot":
-        mode = "full" if args.get("full") else "compact"
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📸 snapshot  {mode}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_click":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 👆 click     {args.get('ref', '?')}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_type":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⌨️  type      \"{_trunc(args.get('text', ''), 30)}\"  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_scroll":
-        d = args.get("direction", "down")
-        arrow = {"down": "↓", "up": "↑", "right": "→", "left": "←"}.get(d, "↓")
-        return _wrap(f"┊ {arrow}  scroll    {d}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_back":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ◀️  back      {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_press":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⌨️  press     {args.get('key', '?')}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_close":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🚪 close     browser  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_get_images":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🖼️  images    extracting  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "browser_vision":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 👁️  vision    analyzing page  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "todo":
-        todos_arg = args.get("todos")
-        merge = args.get("merge", False)
-        if todos_arg is None:
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 📋 plan      reading tasks  {dur}")
-        elif merge:
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 📋 plan      update {len(todos_arg)} task(s)  {dur}")
-        else:
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 📋 plan      {len(todos_arg)} task(s)  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "session_search":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔍 recall    \"{_trunc(args.get('query', ''), 35)}\"  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "memory":
-        action = args.get("action", "?")
-        target = args.get("target", "")
-        if action == "add":
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 🧠 memory    +{target}: \"{_trunc(args.get('content', ''), 30)}\"  {dur}")
-        elif action == "replace":
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 🧠 memory    ~{target}: \"{_trunc(args.get('old_text', ''), 20)}\"  {dur}")
-        elif action == "remove":
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 🧠 memory    -{target}: \"{_trunc(args.get('old_text', ''), 20)}\"  {dur}")
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🧠 memory    {action}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "skills_list":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📚 skills    list {args.get('category', 'all')}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "skill_view":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📚 skill     {_trunc(args.get('name', ''), 30)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "image_generate":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🎨 create    {_trunc(args.get('prompt', ''), 35)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "text_to_speech":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔊 speak     {_trunc(args.get('text', ''), 30)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "vision_analyze":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 👁️  vision    {_trunc(args.get('question', ''), 30)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "mixture_of_agents":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🧠 reason    {_trunc(args.get('user_prompt', ''), 30)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "send_message":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 📨 send      {args.get('target', '?')}: \"{_trunc(args.get('message', ''), 25)}\"  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "schedule_cronjob":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⏰ schedule  {_trunc(args.get('name', args.get('prompt', 'task')), 30)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "list_cronjobs":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⏰ jobs      listing  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "remove_cronjob":
-        return _wrap(f"┊ ⏰ remove    job {args.get('job_id', '?')}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name.startswith("rl_"):
-        rl = {
-            "rl_list_environments": "list envs", "rl_select_environment": f"select {args.get('name', '')}",
-            "rl_get_current_config": "get config", "rl_edit_config": f"set {args.get('field', '?')}",
-            "rl_start_training": "start training", "rl_check_status": f"status {args.get('run_id', '?')[:12]}",
-            "rl_stop_training": f"stop {args.get('run_id', '?')[:12]}", "rl_get_results": f"results {args.get('run_id', '?')[:12]}",
-            "rl_list_runs": "list runs", "rl_test_inference": "test inference",
-        }
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🧪 rl        {rl.get(tool_name, tool_name.replace('rl_', ''))}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "execute_code":
-        code = args.get("code", "")
-        first_line = code.strip().split("\n")[0] if code.strip() else ""
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🐍 exec      {_trunc(first_line, 35)}  {dur}")
-    if tool_name == "delegate_task":
-        tasks = args.get("tasks")
-        if tasks and isinstance(tasks, list):
-            return _wrap(f"┊ 🔀 delegate  {len(tasks)} parallel tasks  {dur}")
-        return _wrap(f"┊ 🔀 delegate  {_trunc(args.get('goal', ''), 35)}  {dur}")
-
-    preview = build_tool_preview(tool_name, args) or ""
-    return _wrap(f"┊ ⚡ {tool_name[:9]:9} {_trunc(preview, 35)}  {dur}")

agent/insights.py

@@ -1,818 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Session Insights Engine for Hermes Agent.
-
-Analyzes historical session data from the SQLite state database to produce
-comprehensive usage insights — token consumption, cost estimates, tool usage
-patterns, activity trends, model/platform breakdowns, and session metrics.
-
-Inspired by Claude Code's /insights command, adapted for Hermes Agent's
-multi-platform architecture with additional cost estimation and platform
-breakdown capabilities.
-
-Usage:
-    from agent.insights import InsightsEngine
-    engine = InsightsEngine(db)
-    report = engine.generate(days=30)
-    print(engine.format_terminal(report))
-"""
-
-import json
-import time
-from collections import Counter, defaultdict
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Model pricing (USD per million tokens) — approximate as of early 2026
-# =========================================================================
-MODEL_PRICING = {
-    # OpenAI
-    "gpt-4o": {"input": 2.50, "output": 10.00},
-    "gpt-4o-mini": {"input": 0.15, "output": 0.60},
-    "gpt-4.1": {"input": 2.00, "output": 8.00},
-    "gpt-4.1-mini": {"input": 0.40, "output": 1.60},
-    "gpt-4.1-nano": {"input": 0.10, "output": 0.40},
-    "gpt-4.5-preview": {"input": 75.00, "output": 150.00},
-    "gpt-5": {"input": 10.00, "output": 30.00},
-    "gpt-5.4": {"input": 10.00, "output": 30.00},
-    "o3": {"input": 10.00, "output": 40.00},
-    "o3-mini": {"input": 1.10, "output": 4.40},
-    "o4-mini": {"input": 1.10, "output": 4.40},
-    # Anthropic
-    "claude-opus-4-20250514": {"input": 15.00, "output": 75.00},
-    "claude-sonnet-4-20250514": {"input": 3.00, "output": 15.00},
-    "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022": {"input": 3.00, "output": 15.00},
-    "claude-3-5-haiku-20241022": {"input": 0.80, "output": 4.00},
-    "claude-3-opus-20240229": {"input": 15.00, "output": 75.00},
-    "claude-3-haiku-20240307": {"input": 0.25, "output": 1.25},
-    # DeepSeek
-    "deepseek-chat": {"input": 0.14, "output": 0.28},
-    "deepseek-reasoner": {"input": 0.55, "output": 2.19},
-    # Google
-    "gemini-2.5-pro": {"input": 1.25, "output": 10.00},
-    "gemini-2.5-flash": {"input": 0.15, "output": 0.60},
-    "gemini-2.0-flash": {"input": 0.10, "output": 0.40},
-    # Meta (via providers)
-    "llama-4-maverick": {"input": 0.50, "output": 0.70},
-    "llama-4-scout": {"input": 0.20, "output": 0.30},
-    # Z.AI / GLM (direct provider — pricing not published externally, treat as local)
-    "glm-5": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "glm-4.7": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "glm-4.5": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "glm-4.5-flash": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    # Kimi / Moonshot (direct provider — pricing not published externally, treat as local)
-    "kimi-k2.5": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "kimi-k2-thinking": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "kimi-k2-turbo-preview": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "kimi-k2-0905-preview": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    # MiniMax (direct provider — pricing not published externally, treat as local)
-    "MiniMax-M2.5": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "MiniMax-M2.5-highspeed": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-    "MiniMax-M2.1": {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0},
-}
-
-# Fallback: unknown/custom models get zero cost (we can't assume pricing
-# for self-hosted models, custom OAI endpoints, local inference, etc.)
-_DEFAULT_PRICING = {"input": 0.0, "output": 0.0}
-
-
-def _has_known_pricing(model_name: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if a model has known pricing (vs unknown/custom endpoint)."""
-    return _get_pricing(model_name) is not _DEFAULT_PRICING
-
-
-def _get_pricing(model_name: str) -> Dict[str, float]:
-    """Look up pricing for a model. Uses fuzzy matching on model name.
-
-    Returns _DEFAULT_PRICING (zero cost) for unknown/custom models —
-    we can't assume costs for self-hosted endpoints, local inference, etc.
-    """
-    if not model_name:
-        return _DEFAULT_PRICING
-
-    # Strip provider prefix (e.g., "anthropic/claude-..." -> "claude-...")
-    bare = model_name.split("/")[-1].lower()
-
-    # Exact match first
-    if bare in MODEL_PRICING:
-        return MODEL_PRICING[bare]
-
-    # Fuzzy prefix match — prefer the LONGEST matching key to avoid
-    # e.g. "gpt-4o" matching before "gpt-4o-mini" for "gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18"
-    best_match = None
-    best_len = 0
-    for key, price in MODEL_PRICING.items():
-        if bare.startswith(key) and len(key) > best_len:
-            best_match = price
-            best_len = len(key)
-    if best_match:
-        return best_match
-
-    # Keyword heuristics (checked in most-specific-first order)
-    if "opus" in bare:
-        return {"input": 15.00, "output": 75.00}
-    if "sonnet" in bare:
-        return {"input": 3.00, "output": 15.00}
-    if "haiku" in bare:
-        return {"input": 0.80, "output": 4.00}
-    if "gpt-4o-mini" in bare:
-        return {"input": 0.15, "output": 0.60}
-    if "gpt-4o" in bare:
-        return {"input": 2.50, "output": 10.00}
-    if "gpt-5" in bare:
-        return {"input": 10.00, "output": 30.00}
-    if "deepseek" in bare:
-        return {"input": 0.14, "output": 0.28}
-    if "gemini" in bare:
-        return {"input": 0.15, "output": 0.60}
-
-    return _DEFAULT_PRICING
-
-
-def _estimate_cost(model: str, input_tokens: int, output_tokens: int) -> float:
-    """Estimate the USD cost for a given model and token counts."""
-    pricing = _get_pricing(model)
-    return (input_tokens * pricing["input"] + output_tokens * pricing["output"]) / 1_000_000
-
-
-def _format_duration(seconds: float) -> str:
-    """Format seconds into a human-readable duration string."""
-    if seconds < 60:
-        return f"{seconds:.0f}s"
-    minutes = seconds / 60
-    if minutes < 60:
-        return f"{minutes:.0f}m"
-    hours = minutes / 60
-    if hours < 24:
-        remaining_min = int(minutes % 60)
-        return f"{int(hours)}h {remaining_min}m" if remaining_min else f"{int(hours)}h"
-    days = hours / 24
-    return f"{days:.1f}d"
-
-
-def _bar_chart(values: List[int], max_width: int = 20) -> List[str]:
-    """Create simple horizontal bar chart strings from values."""
-    peak = max(values) if values else 1
-    if peak == 0:
-        return ["" for _ in values]
-    return ["█" * max(1, int(v / peak * max_width)) if v > 0 else "" for v in values]
-
-
-class InsightsEngine:
-    """
-    Analyzes session history and produces usage insights.
-
-    Works directly with a SessionDB instance (or raw sqlite3 connection)
-    to query session and message data.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, db):
-        """
-        Initialize with a SessionDB instance.
-
-        Args:
-            db: A SessionDB instance (from hermes_state.py)
-        """
-        self.db = db
-        self._conn = db._conn
-
-    def generate(self, days: int = 30, source: str = None) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        """
-        Generate a complete insights report.
-
-        Args:
-            days: Number of days to look back (default: 30)
-            source: Optional filter by source platform
-
-        Returns:
-            Dict with all computed insights
-        """
-        cutoff = time.time() - (days * 86400)
-
-        # Gather raw data
-        sessions = self._get_sessions(cutoff, source)
-        tool_usage = self._get_tool_usage(cutoff, source)
-        message_stats = self._get_message_stats(cutoff, source)
-
-        if not sessions:
-            return {
-                "days": days,
-                "source_filter": source,
-                "empty": True,
-                "overview": {},
-                "models": [],
-                "platforms": [],
-                "tools": [],
-                "activity": {},
-                "top_sessions": [],
-            }
-
-        # Compute insights
-        overview = self._compute_overview(sessions, message_stats)
-        models = self._compute_model_breakdown(sessions)
-        platforms = self._compute_platform_breakdown(sessions)
-        tools = self._compute_tool_breakdown(tool_usage)
-        activity = self._compute_activity_patterns(sessions)
-        top_sessions = self._compute_top_sessions(sessions)
-
-        return {
-            "days": days,
-            "source_filter": source,
-            "empty": False,
-            "generated_at": time.time(),
-            "overview": overview,
-            "models": models,
-            "platforms": platforms,
-            "tools": tools,
-            "activity": activity,
-            "top_sessions": top_sessions,
-        }
-
-    # =========================================================================
-    # Data gathering (SQL queries)
-    # =========================================================================
-
-    # Columns we actually need (skip system_prompt, model_config blobs)
-    _SESSION_COLS = ("id, source, model, started_at, ended_at, "
-                     "message_count, tool_call_count, input_tokens, output_tokens")
-
-    def _get_sessions(self, cutoff: float, source: str = None) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Fetch sessions within the time window."""
-        if source:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                f"""SELECT {self._SESSION_COLS} FROM sessions
-                    WHERE started_at >= ? AND source = ?
-                    ORDER BY started_at DESC""",
-                (cutoff, source),
-            )
-        else:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                f"""SELECT {self._SESSION_COLS} FROM sessions
-                    WHERE started_at >= ?
-                    ORDER BY started_at DESC""",
-                (cutoff,),
-            )
-        return [dict(row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]
-
-    def _get_tool_usage(self, cutoff: float, source: str = None) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Get tool call counts from messages.
-
-        Uses two sources:
-        1. tool_name column on 'tool' role messages (set by gateway)
-        2. tool_calls JSON on 'assistant' role messages (covers CLI where
-           tool_name is not populated on tool responses)
-        """
-        tool_counts = Counter()
-
-        # Source 1: explicit tool_name on tool response messages
-        if source:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT m.tool_name, COUNT(*) as count
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ? AND s.source = ?
-                     AND m.role = 'tool' AND m.tool_name IS NOT NULL
-                   GROUP BY m.tool_name
-                   ORDER BY count DESC""",
-                (cutoff, source),
-            )
-        else:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT m.tool_name, COUNT(*) as count
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ?
-                     AND m.role = 'tool' AND m.tool_name IS NOT NULL
-                   GROUP BY m.tool_name
-                   ORDER BY count DESC""",
-                (cutoff,),
-            )
-        for row in cursor.fetchall():
-            tool_counts[row["tool_name"]] += row["count"]
-
-        # Source 2: extract from tool_calls JSON on assistant messages
-        # (covers CLI sessions where tool_name is NULL on tool responses)
-        if source:
-            cursor2 = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT m.tool_calls
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ? AND s.source = ?
-                     AND m.role = 'assistant' AND m.tool_calls IS NOT NULL""",
-                (cutoff, source),
-            )
-        else:
-            cursor2 = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT m.tool_calls
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ?
-                     AND m.role = 'assistant' AND m.tool_calls IS NOT NULL""",
-                (cutoff,),
-            )
-
-        tool_calls_counts = Counter()
-        for row in cursor2.fetchall():
-            try:
-                calls = row["tool_calls"]
-                if isinstance(calls, str):
-                    calls = json.loads(calls)
-                if isinstance(calls, list):
-                    for call in calls:
-                        func = call.get("function", {}) if isinstance(call, dict) else {}
-                        name = func.get("name")
-                        if name:
-                            tool_calls_counts[name] += 1
-            except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, AttributeError):
-                continue
-
-        # Merge: prefer tool_name source, supplement with tool_calls source
-        # for tools not already counted
-        if not tool_counts and tool_calls_counts:
-            # No tool_name data at all — use tool_calls exclusively
-            tool_counts = tool_calls_counts
-        elif tool_counts and tool_calls_counts:
-            # Both sources have data — use whichever has the higher count per tool
-            # (they may overlap, so take the max to avoid double-counting)
-            all_tools = set(tool_counts) | set(tool_calls_counts)
-            merged = Counter()
-            for tool in all_tools:
-                merged[tool] = max(tool_counts.get(tool, 0), tool_calls_counts.get(tool, 0))
-            tool_counts = merged
-
-        # Convert to the expected format
-        return [
-            {"tool_name": name, "count": count}
-            for name, count in tool_counts.most_common()
-        ]
-
-    def _get_message_stats(self, cutoff: float, source: str = None) -> Dict:
-        """Get aggregate message statistics."""
-        if source:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT
-                     COUNT(*) as total_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'user' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as user_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'assistant' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as assistant_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'tool' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as tool_messages
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ? AND s.source = ?""",
-                (cutoff, source),
-            )
-        else:
-            cursor = self._conn.execute(
-                """SELECT
-                     COUNT(*) as total_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'user' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as user_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'assistant' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as assistant_messages,
-                     SUM(CASE WHEN m.role = 'tool' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as tool_messages
-                   FROM messages m
-                   JOIN sessions s ON s.id = m.session_id
-                   WHERE s.started_at >= ?""",
-                (cutoff,),
-            )
-        row = cursor.fetchone()
-        return dict(row) if row else {
-            "total_messages": 0, "user_messages": 0,
-            "assistant_messages": 0, "tool_messages": 0,
-        }
-
-    # =========================================================================
-    # Computation
-    # =========================================================================
-
-    def _compute_overview(self, sessions: List[Dict], message_stats: Dict) -> Dict:
-        """Compute high-level overview statistics."""
-        total_input = sum(s.get("input_tokens") or 0 for s in sessions)
-        total_output = sum(s.get("output_tokens") or 0 for s in sessions)
-        total_tokens = total_input + total_output
-        total_tool_calls = sum(s.get("tool_call_count") or 0 for s in sessions)
-        total_messages = sum(s.get("message_count") or 0 for s in sessions)
-
-        # Cost estimation (weighted by model)
-        total_cost = 0.0
-        models_with_pricing = set()
-        models_without_pricing = set()
-        for s in sessions:
-            model = s.get("model") or ""
-            inp = s.get("input_tokens") or 0
-            out = s.get("output_tokens") or 0
-            total_cost += _estimate_cost(model, inp, out)
-            display = model.split("/")[-1] if "/" in model else (model or "unknown")
-            if _has_known_pricing(model):
-                models_with_pricing.add(display)
-            else:
-                models_without_pricing.add(display)
-
-        # Session duration stats (guard against negative durations from clock drift)
-        durations = []
-        for s in sessions:
-            start = s.get("started_at")
-            end = s.get("ended_at")
-            if start and end and end > start:
-                durations.append(end - start)
-
-        total_hours = sum(durations) / 3600 if durations else 0
-        avg_duration = sum(durations) / len(durations) if durations else 0
-
-        # Earliest and latest session
-        started_timestamps = [s["started_at"] for s in sessions if s.get("started_at")]
-        date_range_start = min(started_timestamps) if started_timestamps else None
-        date_range_end = max(started_timestamps) if started_timestamps else None
-
-        return {
-            "total_sessions": len(sessions),
-            "total_messages": total_messages,
-            "total_tool_calls": total_tool_calls,
-            "total_input_tokens": total_input,
-            "total_output_tokens": total_output,
-            "total_tokens": total_tokens,
-            "estimated_cost": total_cost,
-            "total_hours": total_hours,
-            "avg_session_duration": avg_duration,
-            "avg_messages_per_session": total_messages / len(sessions) if sessions else 0,
-            "avg_tokens_per_session": total_tokens / len(sessions) if sessions else 0,
-            "user_messages": message_stats.get("user_messages") or 0,
-            "assistant_messages": message_stats.get("assistant_messages") or 0,
-            "tool_messages": message_stats.get("tool_messages") or 0,
-            "date_range_start": date_range_start,
-            "date_range_end": date_range_end,
-            "models_with_pricing": sorted(models_with_pricing),
-            "models_without_pricing": sorted(models_without_pricing),
-        }
-
-    def _compute_model_breakdown(self, sessions: List[Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Break down usage by model."""
-        model_data = defaultdict(lambda: {
-            "sessions": 0, "input_tokens": 0, "output_tokens": 0,
-            "total_tokens": 0, "tool_calls": 0, "cost": 0.0,
-        })
-
-        for s in sessions:
-            model = s.get("model") or "unknown"
-            # Normalize: strip provider prefix for display
-            display_model = model.split("/")[-1] if "/" in model else model
-            d = model_data[display_model]
-            d["sessions"] += 1
-            inp = s.get("input_tokens") or 0
-            out = s.get("output_tokens") or 0
-            d["input_tokens"] += inp
-            d["output_tokens"] += out
-            d["total_tokens"] += inp + out
-            d["tool_calls"] += s.get("tool_call_count") or 0
-            d["cost"] += _estimate_cost(model, inp, out)
-            d["has_pricing"] = _has_known_pricing(model)
-
-        result = [
-            {"model": model, **data}
-            for model, data in model_data.items()
-        ]
-        # Sort by tokens first, fall back to session count when tokens are 0
-        result.sort(key=lambda x: (x["total_tokens"], x["sessions"]), reverse=True)
-        return result
-
-    def _compute_platform_breakdown(self, sessions: List[Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Break down usage by platform/source."""
-        platform_data = defaultdict(lambda: {
-            "sessions": 0, "messages": 0, "input_tokens": 0,
-            "output_tokens": 0, "total_tokens": 0, "tool_calls": 0,
-        })
-
-        for s in sessions:
-            source = s.get("source") or "unknown"
-            d = platform_data[source]
-            d["sessions"] += 1
-            d["messages"] += s.get("message_count") or 0
-            inp = s.get("input_tokens") or 0
-            out = s.get("output_tokens") or 0
-            d["input_tokens"] += inp
-            d["output_tokens"] += out
-            d["total_tokens"] += inp + out
-            d["tool_calls"] += s.get("tool_call_count") or 0
-
-        result = [
-            {"platform": platform, **data}
-            for platform, data in platform_data.items()
-        ]
-        result.sort(key=lambda x: x["sessions"], reverse=True)
-        return result
-
-    def _compute_tool_breakdown(self, tool_usage: List[Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Process tool usage data into a ranked list with percentages."""
-        total_calls = sum(t["count"] for t in tool_usage) if tool_usage else 0
-        result = []
-        for t in tool_usage:
-            pct = (t["count"] / total_calls * 100) if total_calls else 0
-            result.append({
-                "tool": t["tool_name"],
-                "count": t["count"],
-                "percentage": pct,
-            })
-        return result
-
-    def _compute_activity_patterns(self, sessions: List[Dict]) -> Dict:
-        """Analyze activity patterns by day of week and hour."""
-        day_counts = Counter()  # 0=Monday ... 6=Sunday
-        hour_counts = Counter()
-        daily_counts = Counter()  # date string -> count
-
-        for s in sessions:
-            ts = s.get("started_at")
-            if not ts:
-                continue
-            dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(ts)
-            day_counts[dt.weekday()] += 1
-            hour_counts[dt.hour] += 1
-            daily_counts[dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")] += 1
-
-        day_names = ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun"]
-        day_breakdown = [
-            {"day": day_names[i], "count": day_counts.get(i, 0)}
-            for i in range(7)
-        ]
-
-        hour_breakdown = [
-            {"hour": i, "count": hour_counts.get(i, 0)}
-            for i in range(24)
-        ]
-
-        # Busiest day and hour
-        busiest_day = max(day_breakdown, key=lambda x: x["count"]) if day_breakdown else None
-        busiest_hour = max(hour_breakdown, key=lambda x: x["count"]) if hour_breakdown else None
-
-        # Active days (days with at least one session)
-        active_days = len(daily_counts)
-
-        # Streak calculation
-        if daily_counts:
-            all_dates = sorted(daily_counts.keys())
-            current_streak = 1
-            max_streak = 1
-            for i in range(1, len(all_dates)):
-                d1 = datetime.strptime(all_dates[i - 1], "%Y-%m-%d")
-                d2 = datetime.strptime(all_dates[i], "%Y-%m-%d")
-                if (d2 - d1).days == 1:
-                    current_streak += 1
-                    max_streak = max(max_streak, current_streak)
-                else:
-                    current_streak = 1
-        else:
-            max_streak = 0
-
-        return {
-            "by_day": day_breakdown,
-            "by_hour": hour_breakdown,
-            "busiest_day": busiest_day,
-            "busiest_hour": busiest_hour,
-            "active_days": active_days,
-            "max_streak": max_streak,
-        }
-
-    def _compute_top_sessions(self, sessions: List[Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
-        """Find notable sessions (longest, most messages, most tokens)."""
-        top = []
-
-        # Longest by duration
-        sessions_with_duration = [
-            s for s in sessions
-            if s.get("started_at") and s.get("ended_at")
-        ]
-        if sessions_with_duration:
-            longest = max(
-                sessions_with_duration,
-                key=lambda s: (s["ended_at"] - s["started_at"]),
-            )
-            dur = longest["ended_at"] - longest["started_at"]
-            top.append({
-                "label": "Longest session",
-                "session_id": longest["id"][:16],
-                "value": _format_duration(dur),
-                "date": datetime.fromtimestamp(longest["started_at"]).strftime("%b %d"),
-            })
-
-        # Most messages
-        most_msgs = max(sessions, key=lambda s: s.get("message_count") or 0)
-        if (most_msgs.get("message_count") or 0) > 0:
-            top.append({
-                "label": "Most messages",
-                "session_id": most_msgs["id"][:16],
-                "value": f"{most_msgs['message_count']} msgs",
-                "date": datetime.fromtimestamp(most_msgs["started_at"]).strftime("%b %d") if most_msgs.get("started_at") else "?",
-            })
-
-        # Most tokens
-        most_tokens = max(
-            sessions,
-            key=lambda s: (s.get("input_tokens") or 0) + (s.get("output_tokens") or 0),
-        )
-        token_total = (most_tokens.get("input_tokens") or 0) + (most_tokens.get("output_tokens") or 0)
-        if token_total > 0:
-            top.append({
-                "label": "Most tokens",
-                "session_id": most_tokens["id"][:16],
-                "value": f"{token_total:,} tokens",
-                "date": datetime.fromtimestamp(most_tokens["started_at"]).strftime("%b %d") if most_tokens.get("started_at") else "?",
-            })
-
-        # Most tool calls
-        most_tools = max(sessions, key=lambda s: s.get("tool_call_count") or 0)
-        if (most_tools.get("tool_call_count") or 0) > 0:
-            top.append({
-                "label": "Most tool calls",
-                "session_id": most_tools["id"][:16],
-                "value": f"{most_tools['tool_call_count']} calls",
-                "date": datetime.fromtimestamp(most_tools["started_at"]).strftime("%b %d") if most_tools.get("started_at") else "?",
-            })
-
-        return top
-
-    # =========================================================================
-    # Formatting
-    # =========================================================================
-
-    def format_terminal(self, report: Dict) -> str:
-        """Format the insights report for terminal display (CLI)."""
-        if report.get("empty"):
-            days = report.get("days", 30)
-            src = f" (source: {report['source_filter']})" if report.get("source_filter") else ""
-            return f"  No sessions found in the last {days} days{src}."
-
-        lines = []
-        o = report["overview"]
-        days = report["days"]
-        src_filter = report.get("source_filter")
-
-        # Header
-        lines.append("")
-        lines.append("  ╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗")
-        lines.append("  ║                    📊 Hermes Insights                    ║")
-        period_label = f"Last {days} days"
-        if src_filter:
-            period_label += f" ({src_filter})"
-        padding = 58 - len(period_label) - 2
-        left_pad = padding // 2
-        right_pad = padding - left_pad
-        lines.append(f"  ║{' ' * left_pad} {period_label} {' ' * right_pad}║")
-        lines.append("  ╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝")
-        lines.append("")
-
-        # Date range
-        if o.get("date_range_start") and o.get("date_range_end"):
-            start_str = datetime.fromtimestamp(o["date_range_start"]).strftime("%b %d, %Y")
-            end_str = datetime.fromtimestamp(o["date_range_end"]).strftime("%b %d, %Y")
-            lines.append(f"  Period: {start_str} — {end_str}")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Overview
-        lines.append("  📋 Overview")
-        lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-        lines.append(f"  Sessions:          {o['total_sessions']:<12}  Messages:        {o['total_messages']:,}")
-        lines.append(f"  Tool calls:        {o['total_tool_calls']:<12,}  User messages:   {o['user_messages']:,}")
-        lines.append(f"  Input tokens:      {o['total_input_tokens']:<12,}  Output tokens:   {o['total_output_tokens']:,}")
-        cost_str = f"${o['estimated_cost']:.2f}"
-        if o.get("models_without_pricing"):
-            cost_str += " *"
-        lines.append(f"  Total tokens:      {o['total_tokens']:<12,}  Est. cost:       {cost_str}")
-        if o["total_hours"] > 0:
-            lines.append(f"  Active time:       ~{_format_duration(o['total_hours'] * 3600):<11}  Avg session:     ~{_format_duration(o['avg_session_duration'])}")
-        lines.append(f"  Avg msgs/session:  {o['avg_messages_per_session']:.1f}")
-        lines.append("")
-
-        # Model breakdown
-        if report["models"]:
-            lines.append("  🤖 Models Used")
-            lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-            lines.append(f"  {'Model':<30} {'Sessions':>8} {'Tokens':>12} {'Cost':>8}")
-            for m in report["models"]:
-                model_name = m["model"][:28]
-                if m.get("has_pricing"):
-                    cost_cell = f"${m['cost']:>6.2f}"
-                else:
-                    cost_cell = "     N/A"
-                lines.append(f"  {model_name:<30} {m['sessions']:>8} {m['total_tokens']:>12,} {cost_cell}")
-            if o.get("models_without_pricing"):
-                lines.append(f"  * Cost N/A for custom/self-hosted models")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Platform breakdown
-        if len(report["platforms"]) > 1 or (report["platforms"] and report["platforms"][0]["platform"] != "cli"):
-            lines.append("  📱 Platforms")
-            lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-            lines.append(f"  {'Platform':<14} {'Sessions':>8} {'Messages':>10} {'Tokens':>14}")
-            for p in report["platforms"]:
-                lines.append(f"  {p['platform']:<14} {p['sessions']:>8} {p['messages']:>10,} {p['total_tokens']:>14,}")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Tool usage
-        if report["tools"]:
-            lines.append("  🔧 Top Tools")
-            lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-            lines.append(f"  {'Tool':<28} {'Calls':>8} {'%':>8}")
-            for t in report["tools"][:15]:  # Top 15
-                lines.append(f"  {t['tool']:<28} {t['count']:>8,} {t['percentage']:>7.1f}%")
-            if len(report["tools"]) > 15:
-                lines.append(f"  ... and {len(report['tools']) - 15} more tools")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Activity patterns
-        act = report.get("activity", {})
-        if act.get("by_day"):
-            lines.append("  📅 Activity Patterns")
-            lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-
-            # Day of week chart
-            day_values = [d["count"] for d in act["by_day"]]
-            bars = _bar_chart(day_values, max_width=15)
-            for i, d in enumerate(act["by_day"]):
-                bar = bars[i]
-                lines.append(f"  {d['day']}  {bar:<15} {d['count']}")
-
-            lines.append("")
-
-            # Peak hours (show top 5 busiest hours)
-            busy_hours = sorted(act["by_hour"], key=lambda x: x["count"], reverse=True)
-            busy_hours = [h for h in busy_hours if h["count"] > 0][:5]
-            if busy_hours:
-                hour_strs = []
-                for h in busy_hours:
-                    hr = h["hour"]
-                    ampm = "AM" if hr < 12 else "PM"
-                    display_hr = hr % 12 or 12
-                    hour_strs.append(f"{display_hr}{ampm} ({h['count']})")
-                lines.append(f"  Peak hours: {', '.join(hour_strs)}")
-
-            if act.get("active_days"):
-                lines.append(f"  Active days: {act['active_days']}")
-            if act.get("max_streak") and act["max_streak"] > 1:
-                lines.append(f"  Best streak: {act['max_streak']} consecutive days")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Notable sessions
-        if report.get("top_sessions"):
-            lines.append("  🏆 Notable Sessions")
-            lines.append("  " + "─" * 56)
-            for ts in report["top_sessions"]:
-                lines.append(f"  {ts['label']:<20} {ts['value']:<18} ({ts['date']}, {ts['session_id']})")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        return "\n".join(lines)
-
-    def format_gateway(self, report: Dict) -> str:
-        """Format the insights report for gateway/messaging (shorter)."""
-        if report.get("empty"):
-            days = report.get("days", 30)
-            return f"No sessions found in the last {days} days."
-
-        lines = []
-        o = report["overview"]
-        days = report["days"]
-
-        lines.append(f"📊 **Hermes Insights** — Last {days} days\n")
-
-        # Overview
-        lines.append(f"**Sessions:** {o['total_sessions']} | **Messages:** {o['total_messages']:,} | **Tool calls:** {o['total_tool_calls']:,}")
-        lines.append(f"**Tokens:** {o['total_tokens']:,} (in: {o['total_input_tokens']:,} / out: {o['total_output_tokens']:,})")
-        cost_note = ""
-        if o.get("models_without_pricing"):
-            cost_note = " _(excludes custom/self-hosted models)_"
-        lines.append(f"**Est. cost:** ${o['estimated_cost']:.2f}{cost_note}")
-        if o["total_hours"] > 0:
-            lines.append(f"**Active time:** ~{_format_duration(o['total_hours'] * 3600)} | **Avg session:** ~{_format_duration(o['avg_session_duration'])}")
-        lines.append("")
-
-        # Models (top 5)
-        if report["models"]:
-            lines.append("**🤖 Models:**")
-            for m in report["models"][:5]:
-                cost_str = f"${m['cost']:.2f}" if m.get("has_pricing") else "N/A"
-                lines.append(f"  {m['model'][:25]} — {m['sessions']} sessions, {m['total_tokens']:,} tokens, {cost_str}")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Platforms (if multi-platform)
-        if len(report["platforms"]) > 1:
-            lines.append("**📱 Platforms:**")
-            for p in report["platforms"]:
-                lines.append(f"  {p['platform']} — {p['sessions']} sessions, {p['messages']:,} msgs")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Tools (top 8)
-        if report["tools"]:
-            lines.append("**🔧 Top Tools:**")
-            for t in report["tools"][:8]:
-                lines.append(f"  {t['tool']} — {t['count']:,} calls ({t['percentage']:.1f}%)")
-            lines.append("")
-
-        # Activity summary
-        act = report.get("activity", {})
-        if act.get("busiest_day") and act.get("busiest_hour"):
-            hr = act["busiest_hour"]["hour"]
-            ampm = "AM" if hr < 12 else "PM"
-            display_hr = hr % 12 or 12
-            lines.append(f"**📅 Busiest:** {act['busiest_day']['day']}s ({act['busiest_day']['count']} sessions), {display_hr}{ampm} ({act['busiest_hour']['count']} sessions)")
-            if act.get("active_days"):
-                lines.append(f"**Active days:** {act['active_days']}", )
-            if act.get("max_streak", 0) > 1:
-                lines.append(f"**Best streak:** {act['max_streak']} consecutive days")
-
-        return "\n".join(lines)

agent/model_metadata.py

@@ -1,224 +0,0 @@
-"""Model metadata, context lengths, and token estimation utilities.
-
-Pure utility functions with no AIAgent dependency. Used by ContextCompressor
-and run_agent.py for pre-flight context checks.
-"""
-
-import logging
-import os
-import re
-import time
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
-
-import requests
-import yaml
-
-from hermes_constants import OPENROUTER_MODELS_URL
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-_model_metadata_cache: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
-_model_metadata_cache_time: float = 0
-_MODEL_CACHE_TTL = 3600
-
-# Descending tiers for context length probing when the model is unknown.
-# We start high and step down on context-length errors until one works.
-CONTEXT_PROBE_TIERS = [
-    2_000_000,
-    1_000_000,
-    512_000,
-    200_000,
-    128_000,
-    64_000,
-    32_000,
-]
-
-DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS = {
-    "anthropic/claude-opus-4": 200000,
-    "anthropic/claude-opus-4.5": 200000,
-    "anthropic/claude-opus-4.6": 200000,
-    "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4": 200000,
-    "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-20250514": 200000,
-    "anthropic/claude-haiku-4.5": 200000,
-    "openai/gpt-4o": 128000,
-    "openai/gpt-4-turbo": 128000,
-    "openai/gpt-4o-mini": 128000,
-    "google/gemini-2.0-flash": 1048576,
-    "google/gemini-2.5-pro": 1048576,
-    "meta-llama/llama-3.3-70b-instruct": 131072,
-    "deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3": 65536,
-    "qwen/qwen-2.5-72b-instruct": 32768,
-    "glm-4.7": 202752,
-    "glm-5": 202752,
-    "glm-4.5": 131072,
-    "glm-4.5-flash": 131072,
-    "kimi-k2.5": 262144,
-    "kimi-k2-thinking": 262144,
-    "kimi-k2-turbo-preview": 262144,
-    "kimi-k2-0905-preview": 131072,
-    "MiniMax-M2.5": 204800,
-    "MiniMax-M2.5-highspeed": 204800,
-    "MiniMax-M2.1": 204800,
-}
-
-
-def fetch_model_metadata(force_refresh: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Fetch model metadata from OpenRouter (cached for 1 hour)."""
-    global _model_metadata_cache, _model_metadata_cache_time
-
-    if not force_refresh and _model_metadata_cache and (time.time() - _model_metadata_cache_time) < _MODEL_CACHE_TTL:
-        return _model_metadata_cache
-
-    try:
-        response = requests.get(OPENROUTER_MODELS_URL, timeout=10)
-        response.raise_for_status()
-        data = response.json()
-
-        cache = {}
-        for model in data.get("data", []):
-            model_id = model.get("id", "")
-            cache[model_id] = {
-                "context_length": model.get("context_length", 128000),
-                "max_completion_tokens": model.get("top_provider", {}).get("max_completion_tokens", 4096),
-                "name": model.get("name", model_id),
-                "pricing": model.get("pricing", {}),
-            }
-            canonical = model.get("canonical_slug", "")
-            if canonical and canonical != model_id:
-                cache[canonical] = cache[model_id]
-
-        _model_metadata_cache = cache
-        _model_metadata_cache_time = time.time()
-        logger.debug("Fetched metadata for %s models from OpenRouter", len(cache))
-        return cache
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logging.warning(f"Failed to fetch model metadata from OpenRouter: {e}")
-        return _model_metadata_cache or {}
-
-
-def _get_context_cache_path() -> Path:
-    """Return path to the persistent context length cache file."""
-    hermes_home = Path(os.environ.get("HERMES_HOME", Path.home() / ".hermes"))
-    return hermes_home / "context_length_cache.yaml"
-
-
-def _load_context_cache() -> Dict[str, int]:
-    """Load the model+provider → context_length cache from disk."""
-    path = _get_context_cache_path()
-    if not path.exists():
-        return {}
-    try:
-        with open(path) as f:
-            data = yaml.safe_load(f) or {}
-        return data.get("context_lengths", {})
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.debug("Failed to load context length cache: %s", e)
-        return {}
-
-
-def save_context_length(model: str, base_url: str, length: int) -> None:
-    """Persist a discovered context length for a model+provider combo.
-
-    Cache key is ``model@base_url`` so the same model name served from
-    different providers can have different limits.
-    """
-    key = f"{model}@{base_url}"
-    cache = _load_context_cache()
-    if cache.get(key) == length:
-        return  # already stored
-    cache[key] = length
-    path = _get_context_cache_path()
-    try:
-        path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        with open(path, "w") as f:
-            yaml.dump({"context_lengths": cache}, f, default_flow_style=False)
-        logger.info("Cached context length %s → %s tokens", key, f"{length:,}")
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.debug("Failed to save context length cache: %s", e)
-
-
-def get_cached_context_length(model: str, base_url: str) -> Optional[int]:
-    """Look up a previously discovered context length for model+provider."""
-    key = f"{model}@{base_url}"
-    cache = _load_context_cache()
-    return cache.get(key)
-
-
-def get_next_probe_tier(current_length: int) -> Optional[int]:
-    """Return the next lower probe tier, or None if already at minimum."""
-    for tier in CONTEXT_PROBE_TIERS:
-        if tier < current_length:
-            return tier
-    return None
-
-
-def parse_context_limit_from_error(error_msg: str) -> Optional[int]:
-    """Try to extract the actual context limit from an API error message.
-
-    Many providers include the limit in their error text, e.g.:
-      - "maximum context length is 32768 tokens"
-      - "context_length_exceeded: 131072"
-      - "Maximum context size 32768 exceeded"
-      - "model's max context length is 65536"
-    """
-    error_lower = error_msg.lower()
-    # Pattern: look for numbers near context-related keywords
-    patterns = [
-        r'(?:max(?:imum)?|limit)\s*(?:context\s*)?(?:length|size|window)?\s*(?:is|of|:)?\s*(\d{4,})',
-        r'context\s*(?:length|size|window)\s*(?:is|of|:)?\s*(\d{4,})',
-        r'(\d{4,})\s*(?:token)?\s*(?:context|limit)',
-        r'>\s*(\d{4,})\s*(?:max|limit|token)',  # "250000 tokens > 200000 maximum"
-        r'(\d{4,})\s*(?:max(?:imum)?)\b',  # "200000 maximum"
-    ]
-    for pattern in patterns:
-        match = re.search(pattern, error_lower)
-        if match:
-            limit = int(match.group(1))
-            # Sanity check: must be a reasonable context length
-            if 1024 <= limit <= 10_000_000:
-                return limit
-    return None
-
-
-def get_model_context_length(model: str, base_url: str = "") -> int:
-    """Get the context length for a model.
-
-    Resolution order:
-    1. Persistent cache (previously discovered via probing)
-    2. OpenRouter API metadata
-    3. Hardcoded DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS (fuzzy match)
-    4. First probe tier (2M) — will be narrowed on first context error
-    """
-    # 1. Check persistent cache (model+provider)
-    if base_url:
-        cached = get_cached_context_length(model, base_url)
-        if cached is not None:
-            return cached
-
-    # 2. OpenRouter API metadata
-    metadata = fetch_model_metadata()
-    if model in metadata:
-        return metadata[model].get("context_length", 128000)
-
-    # 3. Hardcoded defaults (fuzzy match)
-    for default_model, length in DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS.items():
-        if default_model in model or model in default_model:
-            return length
-
-    # 4. Unknown model — start at highest probe tier
-    return CONTEXT_PROBE_TIERS[0]
-
-
-def estimate_tokens_rough(text: str) -> int:
-    """Rough token estimate (~4 chars/token) for pre-flight checks."""
-    if not text:
-        return 0
-    return len(text) // 4
-
-
-def estimate_messages_tokens_rough(messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> int:
-    """Rough token estimate for a message list (pre-flight only)."""
-    total_chars = sum(len(str(msg)) for msg in messages)
-    return total_chars // 4

agent/prompt_builder.py

@@ -1,387 +0,0 @@
-"""System prompt assembly -- identity, platform hints, skills index, context files.
-
-All functions are stateless. AIAgent._build_system_prompt() calls these to
-assemble pieces, then combines them with memory and ephemeral prompts.
-"""
-
-import logging
-import os
-import re
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Context file scanning — detect prompt injection in AGENTS.md, .cursorrules,
-# SOUL.md before they get injected into the system prompt.
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-_CONTEXT_THREAT_PATTERNS = [
-    (r'ignore\s+(previous|all|above|prior)\s+instructions', "prompt_injection"),
-    (r'do\s+not\s+tell\s+the\s+user', "deception_hide"),
-    (r'system\s+prompt\s+override', "sys_prompt_override"),
-    (r'disregard\s+(your|all|any)\s+(instructions|rules|guidelines)', "disregard_rules"),
-    (r'act\s+as\s+(if|though)\s+you\s+(have\s+no|don\'t\s+have)\s+(restrictions|limits|rules)', "bypass_restrictions"),
-    (r'<!--[^>]*(?:ignore|override|system|secret|hidden)[^>]*-->', "html_comment_injection"),
-    (r'<\s*div\s+style\s*=\s*["\'].*display\s*:\s*none', "hidden_div"),
-    (r'translate\s+.*\s+into\s+.*\s+and\s+(execute|run|eval)', "translate_execute"),
-    (r'curl\s+[^\n]*\$\{?\w*(KEY|TOKEN|SECRET|PASSWORD|CREDENTIAL|API)', "exfil_curl"),
-    (r'cat\s+[^\n]*(\.env|credentials|\.netrc|\.pgpass)', "read_secrets"),
-]
-
-_CONTEXT_INVISIBLE_CHARS = {
-    '\u200b', '\u200c', '\u200d', '\u2060', '\ufeff',
-    '\u202a', '\u202b', '\u202c', '\u202d', '\u202e',
-}
-
-
-def _scan_context_content(content: str, filename: str) -> str:
-    """Scan context file content for injection. Returns sanitized content."""
-    findings = []
-
-    # Check invisible unicode
-    for char in _CONTEXT_INVISIBLE_CHARS:
-        if char in content:
-            findings.append(f"invisible unicode U+{ord(char):04X}")
-
-    # Check threat patterns
-    for pattern, pid in _CONTEXT_THREAT_PATTERNS:
-        if re.search(pattern, content, re.IGNORECASE):
-            findings.append(pid)
-
-    if findings:
-        logger.warning("Context file %s blocked: %s", filename, ", ".join(findings))
-        return f"[BLOCKED: {filename} contained potential prompt injection ({', '.join(findings)}). Content not loaded.]"
-
-    return content
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Constants
-# =========================================================================
-
-DEFAULT_AGENT_IDENTITY = (
-    "You are Hermes Agent, an intelligent AI assistant created by Nous Research. "
-    "You are helpful, knowledgeable, and direct. You assist users with a wide "
-    "range of tasks including answering questions, writing and editing code, "
-    "analyzing information, creative work, and executing actions via your tools. "
-    "You communicate clearly, admit uncertainty when appropriate, and prioritize "
-    "being genuinely useful over being verbose unless otherwise directed below. "
-    "Be targeted and efficient in your exploration and investigations."
-)
-
-MEMORY_GUIDANCE = (
-    "You have persistent memory across sessions. Proactively save important things "
-    "you learn (user preferences, environment details, useful approaches) and do "
-    "(like a diary!) using the memory tool -- don't wait to be asked."
-)
-
-SESSION_SEARCH_GUIDANCE = (
-    "When the user references something from a past conversation or you suspect "
-    "relevant prior context exists, use session_search to recall it before asking "
-    "them to repeat themselves."
-)
-
-SKILLS_GUIDANCE = (
-    "After completing a complex task (5+ tool calls), fixing a tricky error, "
-    "or discovering a non-trivial workflow, consider saving the approach as a "
-    "skill with skill_manage so you can reuse it next time."
-)
-
-PLATFORM_HINTS = {
-    "whatsapp": (
-        "You are on a text messaging communication platform, WhatsApp. "
-        "Please do not use markdown as it does not render. "
-        "You can send media files natively: to deliver a file to the user, "
-        "include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file in your response. The file "
-        "will be sent as a native WhatsApp attachment — images (.jpg, .png, "
-        ".webp) appear as photos, videos (.mp4, .mov) play inline, and other "
-        "files arrive as downloadable documents. You can also include image "
-        "URLs in markdown format ![alt](url) and they will be sent as photos."
-    ),
-    "telegram": (
-        "You are on a text messaging communication platform, Telegram. "
-        "Please do not use markdown as it does not render. "
-        "You can send media files natively: to deliver a file to the user, "
-        "include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file in your response. Images "
-        "(.png, .jpg, .webp) appear as photos, audio (.ogg) sends as voice "
-        "bubbles, and videos (.mp4) play inline. You can also include image "
-        "URLs in markdown format ![alt](url) and they will be sent as native photos."
-    ),
-    "discord": (
-        "You are in a Discord server or group chat communicating with your user. "
-        "You can send media files natively: include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file "
-        "in your response. Images (.png, .jpg, .webp) are sent as photo "
-        "attachments, audio as file attachments. You can also include image URLs "
-        "in markdown format ![alt](url) and they will be sent as attachments."
-    ),
-    "slack": (
-        "You are in a Slack workspace communicating with your user. "
-        "You can send media files natively: include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file "
-        "in your response. Images (.png, .jpg, .webp) are uploaded as photo "
-        "attachments, audio as file attachments. You can also include image URLs "
-        "in markdown format ![alt](url) and they will be uploaded as attachments."
-    ),
-    "signal": (
-        "You are on a text messaging communication platform, Signal. "
-        "Please do not use markdown as it does not render. "
-        "You can send media files natively: to deliver a file to the user, "
-        "include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file in your response. Images "
-        "(.png, .jpg, .webp) appear as photos, audio as attachments, and other "
-        "files arrive as downloadable documents. You can also include image "
-        "URLs in markdown format ![alt](url) and they will be sent as photos."
-    ),
-    "cli": (
-        "You are a CLI AI Agent. Try not to use markdown but simple text "
-        "renderable inside a terminal."
-    ),
-}
-
-CONTEXT_FILE_MAX_CHARS = 20_000
-CONTEXT_TRUNCATE_HEAD_RATIO = 0.7
-CONTEXT_TRUNCATE_TAIL_RATIO = 0.2
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Skills index
-# =========================================================================
-
-def _read_skill_description(skill_file: Path, max_chars: int = 60) -> str:
-    """Read the description from a SKILL.md frontmatter, capped at max_chars."""
-    try:
-        raw = skill_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")[:2000]
-        match = re.search(
-            r"^---\s*\n.*?description:\s*(.+?)\s*\n.*?^---",
-            raw, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL,
-        )
-        if match:
-            desc = match.group(1).strip().strip("'\"")
-            if len(desc) > max_chars:
-                desc = desc[:max_chars - 3] + "..."
-            return desc
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.debug("Failed to read skill description from %s: %s", skill_file, e)
-    return ""
-
-
-def _skill_is_platform_compatible(skill_file: Path) -> bool:
-    """Quick check if a SKILL.md is compatible with the current OS platform.
-
-    Reads just enough to parse the ``platforms`` frontmatter field.
-    Skills without the field (the vast majority) are always compatible.
-    """
-    try:
-        from tools.skills_tool import _parse_frontmatter, skill_matches_platform
-        raw = skill_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")[:2000]
-        frontmatter, _ = _parse_frontmatter(raw)
-        return skill_matches_platform(frontmatter)
-    except Exception:
-        return True  # Err on the side of showing the skill
-
-
-def build_skills_system_prompt() -> str:
-    """Build a compact skill index for the system prompt.
-
-    Scans ~/.hermes/skills/ for SKILL.md files grouped by category.
-    Includes per-skill descriptions from frontmatter so the model can
-    match skills by meaning, not just name.
-    Filters out skills incompatible with the current OS platform.
-    """
-    hermes_home = Path(os.getenv("HERMES_HOME", Path.home() / ".hermes"))
-    skills_dir = hermes_home / "skills"
-
-    if not skills_dir.exists():
-        return ""
-
-    # Collect skills with descriptions, grouped by category
-    # Each entry: (skill_name, description)
-    # Supports sub-categories: skills/mlops/training/axolotl/SKILL.md
-    # → category "mlops/training", skill "axolotl"
-    skills_by_category: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str]]] = {}
-    for skill_file in skills_dir.rglob("SKILL.md"):
-        # Skip skills incompatible with the current OS platform
-        if not _skill_is_platform_compatible(skill_file):
-            continue
-        rel_path = skill_file.relative_to(skills_dir)
-        parts = rel_path.parts
-        if len(parts) >= 2:
-            # Category is everything between skills_dir and the skill folder
-            # e.g. parts = ("mlops", "training", "axolotl", "SKILL.md")
-            #   → category = "mlops/training", skill_name = "axolotl"
-            # e.g. parts = ("github", "github-auth", "SKILL.md")
-            #   → category = "github", skill_name = "github-auth"
-            skill_name = parts[-2]
-            category = "/".join(parts[:-2]) if len(parts) > 2 else parts[0]
-        else:
-            category = "general"
-            skill_name = skill_file.parent.name
-        desc = _read_skill_description(skill_file)
-        skills_by_category.setdefault(category, []).append((skill_name, desc))
-
-    if not skills_by_category:
-        return ""
-
-    # Read category-level descriptions from DESCRIPTION.md
-    # Checks both the exact category path and parent directories
-    category_descriptions = {}
-    for category in skills_by_category:
-        cat_path = Path(category)
-        desc_file = skills_dir / cat_path / "DESCRIPTION.md"
-        if desc_file.exists():
-            try:
-                content = desc_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-                match = re.search(r"^---\s*\n.*?description:\s*(.+?)\s*\n.*?^---", content, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
-                if match:
-                    category_descriptions[category] = match.group(1).strip()
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.debug("Could not read skill description %s: %s", desc_file, e)
-
-    index_lines = []
-    for category in sorted(skills_by_category.keys()):
-        cat_desc = category_descriptions.get(category, "")
-        if cat_desc:
-            index_lines.append(f"  {category}: {cat_desc}")
-        else:
-            index_lines.append(f"  {category}:")
-        # Deduplicate and sort skills within each category
-        seen = set()
-        for name, desc in sorted(skills_by_category[category], key=lambda x: x[0]):
-            if name in seen:
-                continue
-            seen.add(name)
-            if desc:
-                index_lines.append(f"    - {name}: {desc}")
-            else:
-                index_lines.append(f"    - {name}")
-
-    return (
-        "## Skills (mandatory)\n"
-        "Before replying, scan the skills below. If one clearly matches your task, "
-        "load it with skill_view(name) and follow its instructions. "
-        "If a skill has issues, fix it with skill_manage(action='patch').\n"
-        "\n"
-        "<available_skills>\n"
-        + "\n".join(index_lines) + "\n"
-        "</available_skills>\n"
-        "\n"
-        "If none match, proceed normally without loading a skill."
-    )
-
-
-# =========================================================================
-# Context files (SOUL.md, AGENTS.md, .cursorrules)
-# =========================================================================
-
-def _truncate_content(content: str, filename: str, max_chars: int = CONTEXT_FILE_MAX_CHARS) -> str:
-    """Head/tail truncation with a marker in the middle."""
-    if len(content) <= max_chars:
-        return content
-    head_chars = int(max_chars * CONTEXT_TRUNCATE_HEAD_RATIO)
-    tail_chars = int(max_chars * CONTEXT_TRUNCATE_TAIL_RATIO)
-    head = content[:head_chars]
-    tail = content[-tail_chars:]
-    marker = f"\n\n[...truncated {filename}: kept {head_chars}+{tail_chars} of {len(content)} chars. Use file tools to read the full file.]\n\n"
-    return head + marker + tail
-
-
-def build_context_files_prompt(cwd: Optional[str] = None) -> str:
-    """Discover and load context files for the system prompt.
-
-    Discovery: AGENTS.md (recursive), .cursorrules / .cursor/rules/*.mdc,
-    SOUL.md (cwd then ~/.hermes/ fallback). Each capped at 20,000 chars.
-    """
-    if cwd is None:
-        cwd = os.getcwd()
-
-    cwd_path = Path(cwd).resolve()
-    sections = []
-
-    # AGENTS.md (hierarchical, recursive)
-    top_level_agents = None
-    for name in ["AGENTS.md", "agents.md"]:
-        candidate = cwd_path / name
-        if candidate.exists():
-            top_level_agents = candidate
-            break
-
-    if top_level_agents:
-        agents_files = []
-        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(cwd_path):
-            dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if not d.startswith('.') and d not in ('node_modules', '__pycache__', 'venv', '.venv')]
-            for f in files:
-                if f.lower() == "agents.md":
-                    agents_files.append(Path(root) / f)
-        agents_files.sort(key=lambda p: len(p.parts))
-
-        total_agents_content = ""
-        for agents_path in agents_files:
-            try:
-                content = agents_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
-                if content:
-                    rel_path = agents_path.relative_to(cwd_path)
-                    content = _scan_context_content(content, str(rel_path))
-                    total_agents_content += f"## {rel_path}\n\n{content}\n\n"
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.debug("Could not read %s: %s", agents_path, e)
-
-        if total_agents_content:
-            total_agents_content = _truncate_content(total_agents_content, "AGENTS.md")
-            sections.append(total_agents_content)
-
-    # .cursorrules
-    cursorrules_content = ""
-    cursorrules_file = cwd_path / ".cursorrules"
-    if cursorrules_file.exists():
-        try:
-            content = cursorrules_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
-            if content:
-                content = _scan_context_content(content, ".cursorrules")
-                cursorrules_content += f"## .cursorrules\n\n{content}\n\n"
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.debug("Could not read .cursorrules: %s", e)
-
-    cursor_rules_dir = cwd_path / ".cursor" / "rules"
-    if cursor_rules_dir.exists() and cursor_rules_dir.is_dir():
-        mdc_files = sorted(cursor_rules_dir.glob("*.mdc"))
-        for mdc_file in mdc_files:
-            try:
-                content = mdc_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
-                if content:
-                    content = _scan_context_content(content, f".cursor/rules/{mdc_file.name}")
-                    cursorrules_content += f"## .cursor/rules/{mdc_file.name}\n\n{content}\n\n"
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.debug("Could not read %s: %s", mdc_file, e)
-
-    if cursorrules_content:
-        cursorrules_content = _truncate_content(cursorrules_content, ".cursorrules")
-        sections.append(cursorrules_content)
-
-    # SOUL.md (cwd first, then ~/.hermes/ fallback)
-    soul_path = None
-    for name in ["SOUL.md", "soul.md"]:
-        candidate = cwd_path / name
-        if candidate.exists():
-            soul_path = candidate
-            break
-    if not soul_path:
-        global_soul = Path.home() / ".hermes" / "SOUL.md"
-        if global_soul.exists():
-            soul_path = global_soul
-
-    if soul_path:
-        try:
-            content = soul_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
-            if content:
-                content = _scan_context_content(content, "SOUL.md")
-                content = _truncate_content(content, "SOUL.md")
-                sections.append(
-                    f"## SOUL.md\n\nIf SOUL.md is present, embody its persona and tone. "
-                    f"Avoid stiff, generic replies; follow its guidance unless higher-priority "
-                    f"instructions override it.\n\n{content}"
-                )
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.debug("Could not read SOUL.md from %s: %s", soul_path, e)
-
-    if not sections:
-        return ""
-    return "# Project Context\n\nThe following project context files have been loaded and should be followed:\n\n" + "\n".join(sections)

agent/prompt_caching.py

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-"""Anthropic prompt caching (system_and_3 strategy).
-
-Reduces input token costs by ~75% on multi-turn conversations by caching
-the conversation prefix. Uses 4 cache_control breakpoints (Anthropic max):
-  1. System prompt (stable across all turns)
-  2-4. Last 3 non-system messages (rolling window)
-
-Pure functions -- no class state, no AIAgent dependency.
-"""
-
-import copy
-from typing import Any, Dict, List
-
-
-def _apply_cache_marker(msg: dict, cache_marker: dict) -> None:
-    """Add cache_control to a single message, handling all format variations."""
-    role = msg.get("role", "")
-    content = msg.get("content")
-
-    if role == "tool":
-        msg["cache_control"] = cache_marker
-        return
-
-    if content is None:
-        msg["cache_control"] = cache_marker
-        return
-
-    if isinstance(content, str):
-        msg["content"] = [{"type": "text", "text": content, "cache_control": cache_marker}]
-        return
-
-    if isinstance(content, list) and content:
-        last = content[-1]
-        if isinstance(last, dict):
-            last["cache_control"] = cache_marker
-
-
-def apply_anthropic_cache_control(
-    api_messages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
-    cache_ttl: str = "5m",
-) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Apply system_and_3 caching strategy to messages for Anthropic models.
-
-    Places up to 4 cache_control breakpoints: system prompt + last 3 non-system messages.
-
-    Returns:
-        Deep copy of messages with cache_control breakpoints injected.
-    """
-    messages = copy.deepcopy(api_messages)
-    if not messages:
-        return messages
-
-    marker = {"type": "ephemeral"}
-    if cache_ttl == "1h":
-        marker["ttl"] = "1h"
-
-    breakpoints_used = 0
-
-    if messages[0].get("role") == "system":
-        _apply_cache_marker(messages[0], marker)
-        breakpoints_used += 1
-
-    remaining = 4 - breakpoints_used
-    non_sys = [i for i in range(len(messages)) if messages[i].get("role") != "system"]
-    for idx in non_sys[-remaining:]:
-        _apply_cache_marker(messages[idx], marker)
-
-    return messages

agent/redact.py

@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-"""Regex-based secret redaction for logs and tool output.
-
-Applies pattern matching to mask API keys, tokens, and credentials
-before they reach log files, verbose output, or gateway logs.
-
-Short tokens (< 18 chars) are fully masked. Longer tokens preserve
-the first 6 and last 4 characters for debuggability.
-"""
-
-import logging
-import os
-import re
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-# Known API key prefixes -- match the prefix + contiguous token chars
-_PREFIX_PATTERNS = [
-    r"sk-[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",           # OpenAI / OpenRouter / Anthropic (sk-ant-*)
-    r"ghp_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",            # GitHub PAT (classic)
-    r"github_pat_[A-Za-z0-9_]{10,}",    # GitHub PAT (fine-grained)
-    r"xox[baprs]-[A-Za-z0-9-]{10,}",    # Slack tokens
-    r"AIza[A-Za-z0-9_-]{30,}",          # Google API keys
-    r"pplx-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",           # Perplexity
-    r"fal_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",          # Fal.ai
-    r"fc-[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",             # Firecrawl
-    r"bb_live_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",      # BrowserBase
-    r"gAAAA[A-Za-z0-9_=-]{20,}",        # Codex encrypted tokens
-    r"AKIA[A-Z0-9]{16}",                # AWS Access Key ID
-    r"sk_live_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",        # Stripe secret key (live)
-    r"sk_test_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",        # Stripe secret key (test)
-    r"rk_live_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",        # Stripe restricted key
-    r"SG\.[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",          # SendGrid API key
-    r"hf_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",             # HuggingFace token
-    r"r8_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",             # Replicate API token
-    r"npm_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",            # npm access token
-    r"pypi-[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",         # PyPI API token
-    r"dop_v1_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",         # DigitalOcean PAT
-    r"doo_v1_[A-Za-z0-9]{10,}",         # DigitalOcean OAuth
-    r"am_[A-Za-z0-9_-]{10,}",           # AgentMail API key
-]
-
-# ENV assignment patterns: KEY=value where KEY contains a secret-like name
-_SECRET_ENV_NAMES = r"(?:API_?KEY|TOKEN|SECRET|PASSWORD|PASSWD|CREDENTIAL|AUTH)"
-_ENV_ASSIGN_RE = re.compile(
-    rf"([A-Z_]*{_SECRET_ENV_NAMES}[A-Z_]*)\s*=\s*(['\"]?)(\S+)\2",
-    re.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# JSON field patterns: "apiKey": "value", "token": "value", etc.
-_JSON_KEY_NAMES = r"(?:api_?[Kk]ey|token|secret|password|access_token|refresh_token|auth_token|bearer)"
-_JSON_FIELD_RE = re.compile(
-    rf'("{_JSON_KEY_NAMES}")\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"',
-    re.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# Authorization headers
-_AUTH_HEADER_RE = re.compile(
-    r"(Authorization:\s*Bearer\s+)(\S+)",
-    re.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# Telegram bot tokens: bot<digits>:<token> or <digits>:<token>,
-# where token part is restricted to [-A-Za-z0-9_] and length >= 30
-_TELEGRAM_RE = re.compile(
-    r"(bot)?(\d{8,}):([-A-Za-z0-9_]{30,})",
-)
-
-# Private key blocks: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- ... -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-_PRIVATE_KEY_RE = re.compile(
-    r"-----BEGIN[A-Z ]*PRIVATE KEY-----[\s\S]*?-----END[A-Z ]*PRIVATE KEY-----"
-)
-
-# Database connection strings: protocol://user:PASSWORD@host
-# Catches postgres, mysql, mongodb, redis, amqp URLs and redacts the password
-_DB_CONNSTR_RE = re.compile(
-    r"((?:postgres(?:ql)?|mysql|mongodb(?:\+srv)?|redis|amqp)://[^:]+:)([^@]+)(@)",
-    re.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# E.164 phone numbers: +<country><number>, 7-15 digits
-# Negative lookahead prevents matching hex strings or identifiers
-_SIGNAL_PHONE_RE = re.compile(r"(\+[1-9]\d{6,14})(?![A-Za-z0-9])")
-
-# Compile known prefix patterns into one alternation
-_PREFIX_RE = re.compile(
-    r"(?<![A-Za-z0-9_-])(" + "|".join(_PREFIX_PATTERNS) + r")(?![A-Za-z0-9_-])"
-)
-
-
-def _mask_token(token: str) -> str:
-    """Mask a token, preserving prefix for long tokens."""
-    if len(token) < 18:
-        return "***"
-    return f"{token[:6]}...{token[-4:]}"
-
-
-def redact_sensitive_text(text: str) -> str:
-    """Apply all redaction patterns to a block of text.
-
-    Safe to call on any string -- non-matching text passes through unchanged.
-    Disabled when security.redact_secrets is false in config.yaml.
-    """
-    if not text:
-        return text
-    if os.getenv("HERMES_REDACT_SECRETS", "").lower() in ("0", "false", "no", "off"):
-        return text
-
-    # Known prefixes (sk-, ghp_, etc.)
-    text = _PREFIX_RE.sub(lambda m: _mask_token(m.group(1)), text)
-
-    # ENV assignments: OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-abc...
-    def _redact_env(m):
-        name, quote, value = m.group(1), m.group(2), m.group(3)
-        return f"{name}={quote}{_mask_token(value)}{quote}"
-    text = _ENV_ASSIGN_RE.sub(_redact_env, text)
-
-    # JSON fields: "apiKey": "value"
-    def _redact_json(m):
-        key, value = m.group(1), m.group(2)
-        return f'{key}: "{_mask_token(value)}"'
-    text = _JSON_FIELD_RE.sub(_redact_json, text)
-
-    # Authorization headers
-    text = _AUTH_HEADER_RE.sub(
-        lambda m: m.group(1) + _mask_token(m.group(2)),
-        text,
-    )
-
-    # Telegram bot tokens
-    def _redact_telegram(m):
-        prefix = m.group(1) or ""
-        digits = m.group(2)
-        return f"{prefix}{digits}:***"
-    text = _TELEGRAM_RE.sub(_redact_telegram, text)
-
-    # Private key blocks
-    text = _PRIVATE_KEY_RE.sub("[REDACTED PRIVATE KEY]", text)
-
-    # Database connection string passwords
-    text = _DB_CONNSTR_RE.sub(lambda m: f"{m.group(1)}***{m.group(3)}", text)
-
-    # E.164 phone numbers (Signal, WhatsApp)
-    def _redact_phone(m):
-        phone = m.group(1)
-        if len(phone) <= 8:
-            return phone[:2] + "****" + phone[-2:]
-        return phone[:4] + "****" + phone[-4:]
-    text = _SIGNAL_PHONE_RE.sub(_redact_phone, text)
-
-    return text
-
-
-class RedactingFormatter(logging.Formatter):
-    """Log formatter that redacts secrets from all log messages."""
-
-    def __init__(self, fmt=None, datefmt=None, style='%', **kwargs):
-        super().__init__(fmt, datefmt, style, **kwargs)
-
-    def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
-        original = super().format(record)
-        return redact_sensitive_text(original)

agent/skill_commands.py

@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-"""Skill slash commands — scan installed skills and build invocation messages.
-
-Shared between CLI (cli.py) and gateway (gateway/run.py) so both surfaces
-can invoke skills via /skill-name commands.
-"""
-
-import logging
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-_skill_commands: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
-
-
-def scan_skill_commands() -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Scan ~/.hermes/skills/ and return a mapping of /command -> skill info.
-
-    Returns:
-        Dict mapping "/skill-name" to {name, description, skill_md_path, skill_dir}.
-    """
-    global _skill_commands
-    _skill_commands = {}
-    try:
-        from tools.skills_tool import SKILLS_DIR, _parse_frontmatter, skill_matches_platform
-        if not SKILLS_DIR.exists():
-            return _skill_commands
-        for skill_md in SKILLS_DIR.rglob("SKILL.md"):
-            if any(part in ('.git', '.github', '.hub') for part in skill_md.parts):
-                continue
-            try:
-                content = skill_md.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
-                frontmatter, body = _parse_frontmatter(content)
-                # Skip skills incompatible with the current OS platform
-                if not skill_matches_platform(frontmatter):
-                    continue
-                name = frontmatter.get('name', skill_md.parent.name)
-                description = frontmatter.get('description', '')
-                if not description:
-                    for line in body.strip().split('\n'):
-                        line = line.strip()
-                        if line and not line.startswith('#'):
-                            description = line[:80]
-                            break
-                cmd_name = name.lower().replace(' ', '-').replace('_', '-')
-                _skill_commands[f"/{cmd_name}"] = {
-                    "name": name,
-                    "description": description or f"Invoke the {name} skill",
-                    "skill_md_path": str(skill_md),
-                    "skill_dir": str(skill_md.parent),
-                }
-            except Exception:
-                continue
-    except Exception:
-        pass
-    return _skill_commands
-
-
-def get_skill_commands() -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
-    """Return the current skill commands mapping (scan first if empty)."""
-    if not _skill_commands:
-        scan_skill_commands()
-    return _skill_commands
-
-
-def build_skill_invocation_message(cmd_key: str, user_instruction: str = "") -> Optional[str]:
-    """Build the user message content for a skill slash command invocation.
-
-    Args:
-        cmd_key: The command key including leading slash (e.g., "/gif-search").
-        user_instruction: Optional text the user typed after the command.
-
-    Returns:
-        The formatted message string, or None if the skill wasn't found.
-    """
-    commands = get_skill_commands()
-    skill_info = commands.get(cmd_key)
-    if not skill_info:
-        return None
-
-    skill_md_path = Path(skill_info["skill_md_path"])
-    skill_dir = Path(skill_info["skill_dir"])
-    skill_name = skill_info["name"]
-
-    try:
-        content = skill_md_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
-    except Exception:
-        return f"[Failed to load skill: {skill_name}]"
-
-    parts = [
-        f'[SYSTEM: The user has invoked the "{skill_name}" skill, indicating they want you to follow its instructions. The full skill content is loaded below.]',
-        "",
-        content.strip(),
-    ]
-
-    supporting = []
-    for subdir in ("references", "templates", "scripts", "assets"):
-        subdir_path = skill_dir / subdir
-        if subdir_path.exists():
-            for f in sorted(subdir_path.rglob("*")):
-                if f.is_file():
-                    rel = str(f.relative_to(skill_dir))
-                    supporting.append(rel)
-
-    if supporting:
-        parts.append("")
-        parts.append("[This skill has supporting files you can load with the skill_view tool:]")
-        for sf in supporting:
-            parts.append(f"- {sf}")
-        parts.append(f'\nTo view any of these, use: skill_view(name="{skill_name}", file="<path>")')
-
-    if user_instruction:
-        parts.append("")
-        parts.append(f"The user has provided the following instruction alongside the skill invocation: {user_instruction}")
-
-    return "\n".join(parts)

agent/trajectory.py

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-"""Trajectory saving utilities and static helpers.
-
-_convert_to_trajectory_format stays as an AIAgent method (batch_runner.py
-calls agent._convert_to_trajectory_format). Only the static helpers and
-the file-write logic live here.
-"""
-
-import json
-import logging
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Any, Dict, List
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-def convert_scratchpad_to_think(content: str) -> str:
-    """Convert <REASONING_SCRATCHPAD> tags to <think> tags."""
-    if not content or "<REASONING_SCRATCHPAD>" not in content:
-        return content
-    return content.replace("<REASONING_SCRATCHPAD>", "<think>").replace("</REASONING_SCRATCHPAD>", "</think>")
-
-
-def has_incomplete_scratchpad(content: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if content has an opening <REASONING_SCRATCHPAD> without a closing tag."""
-    if not content:
-        return False
-    return "<REASONING_SCRATCHPAD>" in content and "</REASONING_SCRATCHPAD>" not in content
-
-
-def save_trajectory(trajectory: List[Dict[str, Any]], model: str,
-                    completed: bool, filename: str = None):
-    """Append a trajectory entry to a JSONL file.
-
-    Args:
-        trajectory: The ShareGPT-format conversation list.
-        model: Model name for metadata.
-        completed: Whether the conversation completed successfully.
-        filename: Override output filename. Defaults to trajectory_samples.jsonl
-                  or failed_trajectories.jsonl based on ``completed``.
-    """
-    if filename is None:
-        filename = "trajectory_samples.jsonl" if completed else "failed_trajectories.jsonl"
-
-    entry = {
-        "conversations": trajectory,
-        "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
-        "model": model,
-        "completed": completed,
-    }
-
-    try:
-        with open(filename, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-            f.write(json.dumps(entry, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
-        logger.info("Trajectory saved to %s", filename)
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.warning("Failed to save trajectory: %s", e)

atropos/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Dockerfile for atropos-agent sandbox server
+# Runs inside Nomad containers to handle tool execution
+# Includes bubblewrap for namespace-based slot isolation
+
+FROM python:3.11-slim
+
+# Install system dependencies
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    # Bubblewrap for namespace isolation
+    bubblewrap \
+    # `script` for PTY allocation (used for stable tmux+asciinema startup)
+    util-linux \
+    # Git for SWE-style tasks (cloning repos)
+    git \
+    # tmux for stateful terminal sessions (Phase 4.7+)
+    tmux \
+    # Common tools agents might need
+    curl \
+    wget \
+    jq \
+    # Cleanup
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Install Python dependencies (sandbox server + optional terminal recording)
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir aiohttp asciinema
+
+# Copy the sandbox server
+COPY sandbox_server.py /app/sandbox_server.py
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Create data directory for slot workspaces
+RUN mkdir -p /data
+
+# Verify bubblewrap is installed and working
+RUN bwrap --version
+
+EXPOSE 8080
+
+# Default command - can be overridden by Nomad job spec
+CMD ["python", "sandbox_server.py", "--port", "8080", "--slots", "10", "--data-dir", "/data"]

atropos/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""
+Atropos integration for Hermes-Agent.
+
+This package is intentionally optional: Hermes-Agent should work without Atropos.
+If you import anything from `atropos.*` without having `atroposlib` installed,
+we raise a clear error with install instructions.
+
+Install (recommended, from repo checkout):
+  uv sync --extra atropos
+
+Or (pip / editable):
+  pip install -e '.[atropos]'
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
+def _require_atroposlib() -> None:
+    try:
+        import atroposlib  # noqa: F401
+    except ModuleNotFoundError as exc:  # pragma: no cover
+        raise ModuleNotFoundError(
+            "Hermes-Agent Atropos integration requires `atroposlib`, but it is not installed.\n"
+            "Install it with:\n"
+            "  uv sync --extra atropos\n"
+            "or:\n"
+            "  pip install -e '.[atropos]'\n"
+        ) from exc
+
+
+_require_atroposlib()
+
+# Re-export the most commonly used pieces for convenience.
+# Agent imports are eager (always available).
+from .agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult, AgentStep, AtroposAgent, SequenceData  # noqa: E402
+
+# Env imports are lazy to avoid pulling in deleted atropos.tools dependencies.
+# Use: from atropos.envs import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig  (if needed)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AtroposAgent",
+    "AgentConfig",
+    "AgentResult",
+    "AgentStep",
+    "SequenceData",
+]
+

atropos/agent/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+"""
+Agent abstractions for atropos-agent.
+
+Provides the core AtroposAgent class for running ReACT-style agent loops.
+"""
+
+from .atropos_agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult, AgentStep, AtroposAgent, SequenceData
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AtroposAgent",
+    "AgentConfig",
+    "AgentResult",
+    "AgentStep",
+    "SequenceData",
+]

atropos/agent/atropos_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,850 @@
+"""
+ReACT-style agent implementation for atropos-agent.
+
+This module provides the core AtroposAgent class that implements a basic
+Reason-Act-Observe loop with tool calling capabilities.
+
+Uses ManagedServer from atroposlib for automatic token/logprob tracking,
+making trajectories ready for RL training.
+
+The agent uses Hermes-style XML tags for tool calls:
+- <think>...</think> for reasoning
+- <tool_call>{"name": "...", "arguments": {...}}</tool_call> for actions
+- <tool_response>...</tool_response> for observations
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import json
+import time
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from uuid import uuid4
+from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, Awaitable, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import httpx
+
+from ..tools import ToolCall, ToolRegistry, ToolResult
+from atroposlib.envs.server_handling.managed_server import ManagedServer
+
+load_dotenv()
+
+
+# Default system prompt with tool calling instructions.
+AGENT_SYSTEM_PROMPT = """You are a deep thinking AI. You MUST enclose your internal reasoning inside <think>...</think> tags.
+
+You are a function calling AI model.
+
+You are provided with function signatures within <tools></tools> XML tags.
+You must call one or more functions to assist with the user query. Don't make assumptions about what values to plug into functions.
+You can ONLY respond without a tool call if you are totally certain you have the final answer to the user's question or task
+After calling & executing a function, you will be provided with function results within <tool_response></tool_response> XML tags.
+
+Here are the available tools:
+<tools>
+{tools_json}
+</tools>
+
+Use the following JSON schema for each tool call you will make:
+{"title": "FunctionCall", "type": "object", "properties": {"name": {"title": "Name", "type": "string"}, "arguments": {"title": "Arguments", "type": "object"}}, "required": ["name", "arguments"]}
+
+## REQUIRED TOOL FORMAT
+
+When you decide to call a tool, your assistant message MUST be:
+1) exactly one <think>...</think> block, followed by
+2) one or more <tool_call>...</tool_call> blocks,
+and NOTHING else in that message.
+
+If you need to explain anything, put it inside <think>. Do NOT write natural language outside <think> or <tool_call>.
+
+For each function call return a JSON object with function name and arguments within <tool_call></tool_call> XML tags as follows:
+<tool_call>
+{"name": "<function-name>", "arguments": {"arg1": "value1"}}
+</tool_call>
+
+Each <tool_call> must be on its own and contain ONLY the JSON object (no extra text).
+The JSON inside <tool_call> MUST be valid JSON with double quotes.
+
+Do NOT output <tool_response> in an assistant message.
+
+After you receive tool results, you may either call more tools (same required format) or provide the final answer.
+When providing the final answer, do NOT include any <tool_call> blocks.
+
+## TERMINAL TOOL NOTES
+
+- Commands execute under POSIX `/bin/sh` (not bash).
+- Each tool call runs in a fresh shell: environment changes (like `cd` or venv activation) do not persist across tool calls.
+- Avoid bash-only features like `source`, `[[ ... ]]`, or process substitution.
+- Prefer explicit venv usage:
+  - `python -m venv .venv && . .venv/bin/activate && python -m pip install -e .` (POSIX `.` activation), or
+  - `.venv/bin/python -m pip install -e .` (no activation required).
+
+## ICL (examples)
+
+User: Show the current directory.
+Assistant:
+<think>I should run pwd.</think>
+<tool_call>
+{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": "pwd"}}
+</tool_call>
+User: <tool_response>{"success": true, "output": "/tmp\\n"}</tool_response>
+Assistant: /tmp
+
+User: List files, then count them.
+Assistant:
+<think>I should count files.</think>
+<tool_call>
+{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": "ls -1 | wc -l"}}
+</tool_call>
+User: <tool_response>{"success": true, "output": "3\\n"}</tool_response>
+Assistant: 3
+
+User: Run pwd, then print ok (two tool calls).
+Assistant:
+<think>I should run two commands.</think>
+<tool_call>
+{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": "pwd"}}
+</tool_call>
+<tool_call>
+{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": "echo ok"}}
+</tool_call>
+User: <tool_response>{"success": true, "output": "/tmp\\n"}</tool_response>
+User: <tool_response>{"success": true, "output": "ok\\n"}</tool_response>
+Assistant: ok
+"""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AgentConfig:
+    """Configuration for the AtroposAgent."""
+    
+    # Generation parameters
+    temperature: Optional[float] = 0.7
+    # Default to "let the backend decide" (important for tool-tag completions that may be longer).
+    max_tokens: Optional[int] = None
+    
+    # Agent behavior
+    max_steps: int = 50
+    system_prompt: Optional[str] = None
+    tool_delay_s: float = 0.0
+    
+    # Working directory for tools
+    working_dir: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SequenceData:
+    """Token/logprob data from a single completion."""
+    
+    full_text: str
+    tokens: List[int]
+    masked_tokens: List[int]  # -100 for prompt, actual IDs for completion
+    logprobs: List[float]  # 1.0 for prompt, actual values for completion
+    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def from_sequence_node(cls, node) -> "SequenceData":
+        """Create from a ManagedServer SequenceNode."""
+        return cls(
+            full_text=node.full_text,
+            tokens=node.tokens,
+            masked_tokens=node.masked_tokens,
+            logprobs=node.logprobs,
+            metadata=getattr(node, "metadata", None),
+        )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AgentStep:
+    """A single step in the agent's trajectory."""
+    
+    step_number: int
+    assistant_message: str
+    tool_calls: List[ToolCall] = field(default_factory=list)
+    tool_results: List[ToolResult] = field(default_factory=list)
+    sequence_data: Optional[SequenceData] = None  # Token data from this step
+    
+    @property
+    def has_tool_calls(self) -> bool:
+        return len(self.tool_calls) > 0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AgentResult:
+    """Result of running an agent trajectory."""
+    
+    success: bool
+    final_response: str
+    steps: List[AgentStep] = field(default_factory=list)
+    total_tokens: int = 0
+    error: Optional[str] = None
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    
+    # Full trajectory token data for RL training
+    trajectory_data: Optional[SequenceData] = None
+    
+    @property
+    def num_steps(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.steps)
+    
+    @property
+    def total_tool_calls(self) -> int:
+        return sum(len(step.tool_calls) for step in self.steps)
+    
+    def to_messages(self) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        """Convert trajectory to messages format for logging."""
+        messages = []
+        for step in self.steps:
+            messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": step.assistant_message})
+            if step.tool_results:
+                # Combine all tool responses
+                responses = "\n".join(r.to_xml() for r in step.tool_results)
+                messages.append({"role": "user", "content": responses})
+        return messages
+    
+    def to_scored_data(self, score: float) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Convert to format suitable for ScoredDataGroup.
+        
+        Args:
+            score: The score for this trajectory
+            
+        Returns:
+            Dict with tokens, masks, scores suitable for training, or None if no data
+        """
+        if self.trajectory_data is None:
+            return None
+        
+        return {
+            "tokens": self.trajectory_data.tokens,
+            "masks": self.trajectory_data.masked_tokens,
+            "scores": score,
+            "logprobs": self.trajectory_data.logprobs,
+        }
+
+
+class AtroposAgent:
+    """
+    A ReACT-style agent that uses LLMs with tool calling.
+    
+    This implementation wraps ManagedServer for automatic token/logprob tracking,
+    making trajectories ready for RL training.
+    
+    Example:
+        # `server` may be an Atropos `ServerManager` (recommended) or a single `APIServer`.
+        # In practice, environments usually construct this via `BaseEnv`.
+        server = ...
+        tools = ToolRegistry()
+        tools.register(BashTool())
+        
+        agent = AtroposAgent(server=server, tools=tools)
+        result = await agent.run("List the files in the current directory")
+        
+        # Access token data for training
+        if result.trajectory_data:
+            print(f"Tokens: {result.trajectory_data.tokens}")
+            print(f"Masked: {result.trajectory_data.masked_tokens}")
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        server,  # ServerManager or APIServer
+        tools: Optional[ToolRegistry] = None,
+        config: Optional[AgentConfig] = None,
+        tokenizer: Optional[Any] = None,
+        execute_tool: Optional[Callable[[ToolCall], Awaitable[ToolResult]]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.server = server
+        self.tools = tools or ToolRegistry()
+        self.config = config or AgentConfig()
+        self.tokenizer = tokenizer or getattr(server, "tokenizer", None)
+        self.execute_tool = execute_tool or self.tools.execute
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def _managed(self) -> AsyncGenerator[Any, None]:
+        """
+        Yield a ManagedServer-like object.
+
+        - If `self.server` is a ServerManager, use its `managed_server()` context manager.
+        - If `self.server` is a single APIServer, wrap it in `ManagedServer` directly.
+        """
+        if os.getenv("ATROPOS_BYPASS_MANAGED_SERVER") == "1":
+            yield _DirectChatCompletionClient(server=self.server)
+            return
+        if hasattr(self.server, "managed_server"):
+            async with self.server.managed_server(tokenizer=self.tokenizer) as managed:
+                yield managed
+        else:
+            managed = ManagedServer(server=self.server, tokenizer=self.tokenizer)
+            try:
+                yield managed
+            finally:
+                managed.reset()
+    
+    def _build_system_prompt(self) -> str:
+        """Build the system prompt with tool descriptions."""
+        if self.config.system_prompt:
+            return self.config.system_prompt
+
+        tools_json = self.tools.get_prompt_tool_definitions_json()
+        # Avoid `str.format()` here because the prompt contains many literal `{}` braces
+        # in JSON examples; we only want to substitute the single `{tools_json}` token.
+        return AGENT_SYSTEM_PROMPT.replace("{tools_json}", tools_json)
+
+    def _infer_server_model_for_debug(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Best-effort inference of the configured model name for debug payload saving.
+
+        ManagedServer/server_manager typically injects `model` internally, so `chat_kwargs`
+        may not contain it. For replaying saved payloads via curl, it's useful to persist it.
+        """
+        servers = getattr(self.server, "servers", None)
+        if isinstance(servers, list) and servers:
+            s0 = servers[0]
+            cfg = getattr(s0, "config", None)
+            model = getattr(cfg, "model_name", None) or getattr(s0, "model_name", None)
+            if isinstance(model, str) and model:
+                return model
+        model = getattr(self.server, "model_name", None) or getattr(self.server, "model", None)
+        if isinstance(model, str) and model:
+            return model
+        return None
+
+    def _infer_server_base_url_for_debug(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Best-effort inference of the configured base_url for debug logging.
+
+        This is helpful when diagnosing hangs / retries at the transport layer.
+        """
+        servers = getattr(self.server, "servers", None)
+        if isinstance(servers, list) and servers:
+            s0 = servers[0]
+            cfg = getattr(s0, "config", None)
+            base_url = getattr(cfg, "base_url", None) or getattr(s0, "base_url", None)
+            if isinstance(base_url, str) and base_url:
+                return base_url
+        base_url = getattr(self.server, "base_url", None)
+        if isinstance(base_url, str) and base_url:
+            return base_url
+        return None
+
+    def _extract_response_metadata(self, response: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Extract lightweight, JSON-serializable metadata from an OpenAI-style response.
+
+        This is useful for debugging training runs, especially when ManagedServer state
+        tracking is unavailable (e.g. OpenAI-compatible chat endpoints).
+        """
+        meta: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        try:
+            rid = getattr(response, "id", None)
+            if isinstance(rid, str) and rid:
+                meta["id"] = rid
+            model = getattr(response, "model", None)
+            if isinstance(model, str) and model:
+                meta["model"] = model
+            created = getattr(response, "created", None)
+            if isinstance(created, int):
+                meta["created"] = created
+            system_fingerprint = getattr(response, "system_fingerprint", None)
+            if isinstance(system_fingerprint, str) and system_fingerprint:
+                meta["system_fingerprint"] = system_fingerprint
+
+            choices = getattr(response, "choices", None)
+            if isinstance(choices, list) and choices:
+                fr = getattr(choices[0], "finish_reason", None)
+                if isinstance(fr, str) and fr:
+                    meta["finish_reason"] = fr
+
+            usage = getattr(response, "usage", None)
+            if usage is not None:
+                if hasattr(usage, "model_dump"):
+                    meta["usage"] = usage.model_dump()
+                elif isinstance(usage, dict):
+                    meta["usage"] = usage
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return meta
+
+    def _debug_dump_request(self, *, step_num: int, chat_kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        if os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_REQUEST") != "1":
+            return
+        try:
+            # Avoid dumping megabytes by default; messages can be huge.
+            meta = {
+                "step": step_num,
+                "base_url": self._infer_server_base_url_for_debug(),
+                "model": chat_kwargs.get("model") or self._infer_server_model_for_debug(),
+                "chat_kwargs_keys": sorted(list(chat_kwargs.keys())),
+                "n": chat_kwargs.get("n"),
+                "max_tokens": chat_kwargs.get("max_tokens"),
+                "temperature": chat_kwargs.get("temperature"),
+                "num_messages": len(chat_kwargs.get("messages") or []),
+            }
+            print("\n=== ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_REQUEST ===", flush=True)
+            print(meta, flush=True)
+
+            if os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_REQUEST_FULL") == "1":
+                payload = dict(chat_kwargs)
+                # Make the payload more legible and less huge.
+                try:
+                    dumped = json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
+                except Exception:
+                    dumped = repr(payload)
+                print("\n=== ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_REQUEST_FULL ===", flush=True)
+                print(dumped[:200_000], flush=True)
+
+            # Optional: save the FULL request payload to disk (no truncation).
+            save_dir = os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_REQUEST_SAVE_DIR")
+            if save_dir:
+                os.makedirs(save_dir, exist_ok=True)
+                payload: Dict[str, Any] = dict(chat_kwargs)
+                if "model" not in payload:
+                    model = self._infer_server_model_for_debug()
+                    if model:
+                        payload["model"] = model
+                # Use a unique filename so parallel trajectories don't clobber each other.
+                fname = os.path.join(
+                    save_dir,
+                    f"atropos_agent_request_step{step_num}_{int(time.time()*1000)}_{os.getpid()}_{uuid4().hex}.json",
+                )
+                with open(fname, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                    json.dump(payload, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
+                print(f"[AtroposAgent] saved request payload: {fname}", flush=True)
+        except Exception:
+            return
+
+    def _debug_dump_response(self, *, step_num: int, response: Any) -> None:
+        if os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_RESPONSE") != "1":
+            return
+        print("\n=== ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_RESPONSE ===", flush=True)
+        print({"step": step_num, "type": type(response).__name__}, flush=True)
+        try:
+            dumped = response.model_dump()  # openai pydantic model
+        except Exception:
+            dumped = getattr(response, "__dict__", {"repr": repr(response)})
+        # Keep the dump bounded; we only need enough to see the assistant message content.
+        text = str(dumped)
+        print(text[:200_000], flush=True)
+
+    async def _chat_completion_with_debug(
+        self, *, managed: Any, step_num: int, chat_kwargs: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> Any:
+        """
+        Call `managed.chat_completion()` with optional timeout + richer failure logging.
+
+        Debug env vars:
+        - `ATROPOS_AGENT_CHAT_TIMEOUT_S`: if set, wraps the await in `asyncio.wait_for`.
+        - `ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_WAIT_EVERY_S`: if set, prints a heartbeat while waiting.
+        """
+        # Hard guardrail: never allow a single chat completion to block for too long.
+        # This is essential for RL data-gen stability; long hangs should be treated as failures (score=0).
+        timeout_s_raw = os.getenv("ATROPOS_AGENT_CHAT_TIMEOUT_S")
+        timeout_s_default = 240.0
+        timeout_s = float(timeout_s_raw) if timeout_s_raw else timeout_s_default
+        timeout_s = min(timeout_s, 240.0)
+
+        wait_every_raw = os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_WAIT_EVERY_S")
+        wait_every_s = float(wait_every_raw) if wait_every_raw else None
+
+        async def _await_call() -> Any:
+            if not wait_every_s or wait_every_s <= 0:
+                return await managed.chat_completion(**chat_kwargs)
+
+            # Heartbeat mode: wait in chunks without cancelling the underlying request.
+            # NOTE: do NOT use `asyncio.wait_for(task, timeout=...)` here, because a timeout
+            # will cancel the task and surface as `CancelledError` on the next loop.
+            task = asyncio.create_task(managed.chat_completion(**chat_kwargs))
+            t0 = time.perf_counter()
+            try:
+                while True:
+                    done, _pending = await asyncio.wait({task}, timeout=wait_every_s)
+                    if task in done:
+                        return task.result()
+
+                    waited = time.perf_counter() - t0
+                    print(
+                        f"[AtroposAgent] step={step_num} still waiting for chat_completion... ({waited:.1f}s)",
+                        flush=True,
+                    )
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                task.cancel()
+                raise
+
+        try:
+            return await asyncio.wait_for(_await_call(), timeout=timeout_s)
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError as e:
+            print("\n=== ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_CHAT_TIMEOUT ===", flush=True)
+            print({"step": step_num, "timeout_s": timeout_s}, flush=True)
+            raise RuntimeError(f"chat_completion timed out after {timeout_s:.1f}s") from e
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            # Treat cancellation as a hard failure rather than crashing the whole env run.
+            # (Atropos/BaseEnv may cancel tasks during shutdown or retries.)
+            raise RuntimeError("chat_completion cancelled") from None
+        except Exception as e:
+            detail: Dict[str, Any] = {
+                "step": step_num,
+                "exc_type": type(e).__name__,
+                "exc_str": str(e),
+            }
+            if isinstance(e, httpx.HTTPStatusError):
+                try:
+                    detail["status_code"] = e.response.status_code
+                    detail["response_text"] = e.response.text[:20_000]
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            elif isinstance(e, httpx.RequestError):
+                detail["request"] = repr(getattr(e, "request", None))
+
+            print("\n=== ATROPOS_DEBUG_AGENT_CHAT_FAILURE ===", flush=True)
+            print(detail, flush=True)
+            raise
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        task: str,
+        initial_messages: Optional[List[Dict[str, str]]] = None,
+    ) -> AgentResult:
+        """
+        Run the agent on a task using ManagedServer for token tracking.
+        
+        Args:
+            task: The task/prompt for the agent
+            initial_messages: Optional additional context messages
+            
+        Returns:
+            AgentResult with the trajectory, final response, and token data
+        """
+        messages = [
+            {"role": "system", "content": self._build_system_prompt()},
+        ]
+        
+        if initial_messages:
+            messages.extend(initial_messages)
+        
+        messages.append({"role": "user", "content": task})
+        
+        steps = []
+        final_response = ""
+        final_node = None
+        final_prompt_messages: Optional[List[Dict[str, str]]] = None
+        last_node = None
+        last_prompt_messages: Optional[List[Dict[str, str]]] = None
+        last_response_text: str = ""
+        
+        # Use ManagedServer for automatic token tracking
+        async with self._managed() as managed:
+            for step_num in range(self.config.max_steps):
+                # ReACT loop iteration here, just call -> tools -> observe until done (no tools called)
+                try:
+                    # Keep a copy of the prompt messages used for this completion.
+                    # Useful for reconstructing tokens/masks when state tracking is unavailable.
+                    prompt_messages = list(messages)
+                    chat_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {"messages": messages, "n": 1}
+                    if self.config.max_tokens is not None:
+                        chat_kwargs["max_tokens"] = self.config.max_tokens
+                    if self.config.temperature is not None:
+                        chat_kwargs["temperature"] = self.config.temperature
+
+                    t_req = time.perf_counter()
+                    print(
+                        f"[AtroposAgent] step={step_num+1} chat_completion start "
+                        f"(messages={len(messages)}, max_tokens={self.config.max_tokens}, temp={self.config.temperature})",
+                        flush=True,
+                    )
+                    self._debug_dump_request(step_num=step_num + 1, chat_kwargs=chat_kwargs)
+                    response = await self._chat_completion_with_debug(
+                        managed=managed, step_num=step_num + 1, chat_kwargs=chat_kwargs
+                    )
+                    self._debug_dump_response(step_num=step_num + 1, response=response)
+                    response_meta = self._extract_response_metadata(response)
+                    print(
+                        f"[AtroposAgent] step={step_num+1} chat_completion done in {time.perf_counter() - t_req:.2f}s",
+                        flush=True,
+                    )
+                    
+                    current_node = None
+                    if hasattr(managed, "get_state"):
+                        state = managed.get_state()
+                        nodes = state.get("nodes", [])
+                        current_node = nodes[-1] if nodes else None
+                    
+                except Exception as e:
+                    return AgentResult(
+                        success=False,
+                        final_response="",
+                        steps=steps,
+                        error=f"Generation error: {str(e)}",
+                    )
+                
+                msg = response.choices[0].message
+                # Some OpenAI-compatible servers populate `message.reasoning` and leave `content=""`.
+                response_text = (msg.content or "") or (getattr(msg, "reasoning", None) or "")
+                tool_calls = ToolCall.parse_from_text(response_text)
+                last_node = current_node
+                last_prompt_messages = prompt_messages
+                last_response_text = response_text
+
+                step_sequence_data = SequenceData.from_sequence_node(current_node) if current_node else None
+                if step_sequence_data is None:
+                    if response_meta:
+                        # We still want metadata for debugging even if token/logprob state tracking is unavailable.
+                        step_sequence_data = SequenceData(
+                            full_text=response_text,
+                            tokens=[],
+                            masked_tokens=[],
+                            logprobs=[],
+                            metadata=response_meta,
+                        )
+                else:
+                    merged = dict(response_meta)
+                    node_meta = step_sequence_data.metadata
+                    if isinstance(node_meta, dict):
+                        merged.update(node_meta)
+                    step_sequence_data.metadata = merged or step_sequence_data.metadata
+                
+                step = AgentStep(
+                    step_number=step_num + 1,
+                    assistant_message=response_text,
+                    tool_calls=tool_calls,
+                    sequence_data=step_sequence_data,
+                )
+                
+                if not tool_calls:
+                    steps.append(step)
+                    final_response = response_text
+                    final_node = current_node
+                    final_prompt_messages = prompt_messages
+                    break
+                
+                messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response_text})
+                
+                tool_responses = []
+                for call in tool_calls:
+                    result = await self.execute_tool(call)
+                    step.tool_results.append(result)
+                    tool_responses.append(result.to_xml())
+                    if self.config.tool_delay_s > 0:
+                        await asyncio.sleep(self.config.tool_delay_s)
+                
+                steps.append(step)
+            
+                responses_text = "\n".join(tool_responses)
+                # Tool observations are represented as user content with Hermes-style tags.
+                # This is compatible with most OpenAI-compatible chat APIs and ensures
+                # tokenizers/chat templates include tool outputs during training.
+                messages.append({"role": "user", "content": responses_text})
+            
+            else:
+                # Reached max steps without completing
+                # Return a failure result but include the last observed completion so callers can
+                # record the trajectory (score=0) without triggering retries.
+                final_response = last_response_text or final_response
+                final_node = last_node
+                final_prompt_messages = last_prompt_messages
+                trajectory_data = None
+                if final_node:
+                    trajectory_data = SequenceData.from_sequence_node(final_node)
+                elif final_prompt_messages is not None and self.tokenizer is not None:
+                    if hasattr(self.tokenizer, "apply_chat_template"):
+                        prompt_text = self.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
+                            final_prompt_messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True
+                        )
+                        prompt_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt_text, add_special_tokens=False)
+                    else:
+                        prompt_text = "\n".join([f"{m['role']}: {m['content']}" for m in final_prompt_messages])
+                        prompt_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt_text, add_special_tokens=True)
+                    output_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(final_response, add_special_tokens=False)
+                    tokens = prompt_tokens + output_tokens
+                    masked_tokens = ([-100] * len(prompt_tokens)) + output_tokens
+                    logprobs = ([1.0] * len(prompt_tokens)) + ([0.0] * len(output_tokens))
+                    trajectory_data = SequenceData(
+                        full_text=f"{prompt_text}{final_response}",
+                        tokens=tokens,
+                        masked_tokens=masked_tokens,
+                        logprobs=logprobs,
+                    )
+                # Preserve response metadata (if any) even on failure trajectories.
+                try:
+                    if trajectory_data is not None and steps:
+                        last_step = steps[-1]
+                        if last_step.sequence_data and isinstance(last_step.sequence_data.metadata, dict):
+                            trajectory_data.metadata = dict(last_step.sequence_data.metadata)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                return AgentResult(
+                    success=False,
+                    final_response=final_response,
+                    steps=steps,
+                    error=f"Reached maximum steps ({self.config.max_steps})",
+                    trajectory_data=trajectory_data,
+                )
+        
+        # Build result with trajectory data
+        trajectory_data = None
+        if final_node:
+            trajectory_data = SequenceData.from_sequence_node(final_node)
+        elif final_prompt_messages is not None and self.tokenizer is not None:
+            if hasattr(self.tokenizer, "apply_chat_template"):
+                prompt_text = self.tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
+                    final_prompt_messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True
+                )
+                prompt_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt_text, add_special_tokens=False)
+            else:
+                prompt_text = "\n".join([f"{m['role']}: {m['content']}" for m in final_prompt_messages])
+                prompt_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt_text, add_special_tokens=True)
+            output_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(final_response, add_special_tokens=False)
+            tokens = prompt_tokens + output_tokens
+            masked_tokens = ([-100] * len(prompt_tokens)) + output_tokens
+            logprobs = ([1.0] * len(prompt_tokens)) + ([0.0] * len(output_tokens))
+            trajectory_data = SequenceData(
+                full_text=f"{prompt_text}{final_response}",
+                tokens=tokens,
+                masked_tokens=masked_tokens,
+                logprobs=logprobs,
+            )
+
+        # Ensure trajectory_data carries the most recent metadata we observed (if any).
+        try:
+            if trajectory_data is not None and steps:
+                last_step = steps[-1]
+                if last_step.sequence_data and isinstance(last_step.sequence_data.metadata, dict):
+                    trajectory_data.metadata = dict(last_step.sequence_data.metadata)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        
+        return AgentResult(
+            success=True,
+            final_response=final_response,
+            steps=steps,
+            trajectory_data=trajectory_data,
+        )
+    
+    async def run_single_turn(
+        self,
+        messages: List[Dict[str, str]],
+        execute_tools: bool = True,
+    ) -> tuple[str, List[ToolResult], Optional[SequenceData]]:
+        """
+        Run a single turn of the agent (one LLM call + tool execution).
+        
+        This is useful for integration with BaseEnv where you want more
+        control over the loop.
+        
+        Args:
+            messages: The conversation history
+            execute_tools: Whether to execute parsed tool calls
+            
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of (response_text, tool_results, sequence_data)
+        """
+        async with self._managed() as managed:
+            chat_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {"messages": messages, "n": 1}
+            if self.config.max_tokens is not None:
+                chat_kwargs["max_tokens"] = self.config.max_tokens
+            if self.config.temperature is not None:
+                chat_kwargs["temperature"] = self.config.temperature
+
+            self._debug_dump_request(step_num=1, chat_kwargs=chat_kwargs)
+            response = await self._chat_completion_with_debug(managed=managed, step_num=1, chat_kwargs=chat_kwargs)
+            self._debug_dump_response(step_num=1, response=response)
+            
+            current_node = None
+            if hasattr(managed, "get_state"):
+                state = managed.get_state()
+                nodes = state.get("nodes", [])
+                current_node = nodes[-1] if nodes else None
+        
+        msg = response.choices[0].message
+        response_text = (msg.content or "") or (getattr(msg, "reasoning", None) or "")
+        tool_results = []
+        
+        if execute_tools:
+            tool_calls = ToolCall.parse_from_text(response_text)
+            for call in tool_calls:
+                result = await self.execute_tool(call)
+                tool_results.append(result)
+        
+        sequence_data = SequenceData.from_sequence_node(current_node) if current_node else None
+        
+        return response_text, tool_results, sequence_data
+
+
+class _DirectChatCompletionClient:
+    """
+    Minimal stand-in for ManagedServer that calls the OpenAI-compatible endpoint directly.
+
+    This is for isolating issues where `ManagedServer.chat_completion()` hangs or misbehaves.
+    It intentionally does NOT do token/logprob tracking.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, server: Any):
+        self._server = server
+
+    def _server_config(self) -> tuple[str, str, str]:
+        # ServerManager case: first configured server.
+        servers = getattr(self._server, "servers", None)
+        if isinstance(servers, list) and servers:
+            s0 = servers[0]
+            cfg = getattr(s0, "config", None)
+            base_url = getattr(cfg, "base_url", None) or getattr(s0, "base_url", None)
+            api_key = getattr(cfg, "api_key", None) or getattr(s0, "api_key", None)
+            model = getattr(cfg, "model_name", None) or getattr(s0, "model_name", None)
+            if isinstance(base_url, str) and isinstance(api_key, str) and isinstance(model, str):
+                return base_url.rstrip("/"), api_key, model
+
+        # APIServer-like fallback.
+        base_url = getattr(self._server, "base_url", None)
+        api_key = getattr(self._server, "api_key", None)
+        model = getattr(self._server, "model_name", None) or getattr(self._server, "model", None)
+        if isinstance(base_url, str) and isinstance(api_key, str) and isinstance(model, str):
+            return base_url.rstrip("/"), api_key, model
+
+        raise RuntimeError("Unable to resolve server base_url/api_key/model for direct chat completion")
+
+    async def chat_completion(self, *, messages: List[Dict[str, str]], n: int = 1, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+        base_url, api_key, model = self._server_config()
+        url = f"{base_url}/chat/completions"
+
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {
+            "model": model,
+            "messages": messages,
+            "n": n,
+        }
+        # Pass through common generation kwargs.
+        for k in ("max_tokens", "temperature", "top_p", "presence_penalty", "frequency_penalty", "stop"):
+            if k in kwargs and kwargs[k] is not None:
+                payload[k] = kwargs[k]
+
+        timeout_s = float(os.getenv("ATROPOS_DIRECT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_S") or "120")
+        print(f"[AtroposAgent] DIRECT chat_completion POST {url} (timeout={timeout_s}s)", flush=True)
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout_s) as client:
+            resp = await client.post(
+                url,
+                headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {api_key}", "Content-Type": "application/json"},
+                json=payload,
+            )
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+            data = resp.json()
+
+        # Return a very small object compatible with the code paths that read
+        # `response.choices[0].message.content`.
+        class _Msg:
+            def __init__(self, d: Dict[str, Any]):
+                self.content = d.get("content")
+                self.reasoning = d.get("reasoning")
+
+        class _Choice:
+            def __init__(self, d: Dict[str, Any]):
+                self.message = _Msg(d.get("message") or {})
+
+        class _Resp:
+            def __init__(self, d: Dict[str, Any]):
+                self._d = d
+                self.choices = [_Choice(c) for c in (d.get("choices") or [])]
+
+            def model_dump(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+                return self._d
+
+        return _Resp(data)

atropos/api/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""
+FastAPI services for atropos-agent.
+
+- tool_executor_server: queued/batched sandbox tool execution (Phase 4)
+"""
+

atropos/api/tool_executor_server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+"""
+Tool Executor API (Phase 4)
+
+This service provides a queued, batched execution layer on top of a ToolBackend.
+It mirrors the stateful FastAPI + app.state pattern used in:
+  atropos/atroposlib/api/server.py
+
+Run (dev):
+  uv run uvicorn atropos_agent.api.tool_executor_server:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 9001
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Header, HTTPException, status
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from ..backends.nomad_backend import NomadBackendConfig, NomadToolBackend
+from ..tools import ToolRegistry, build_tool_registry
+from ..tools.base import (
+    ArtifactArchiveRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload,
+    ArtifactListRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactListResponsePayload,
+    ArtifactReadRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactReadResponsePayload,
+    ToolExecutorExecuteRequest,
+    ToolExecutorReleaseRequest,
+    ToolResultPayload,
+)
+from ..tools.tool_executor import ToolExecutor, ToolExecutorConfig
+
+
+class ToolExecutorServerConfig(BaseModel):
+    nomad_address: str = Field(default="http://localhost:4646")
+    job_id: str = Field(default="atropos-sandbox-tool-executor")
+    image: str = Field(default="atropos-sandbox:local")
+    slots_per_container: int = Field(default=10)
+    min_containers: int = Field(default=1)
+    max_containers: int = Field(default=10)
+    privileged: bool = Field(default=False)
+    acquire_timeout_s: float = Field(default=30.0)
+
+    batch_window_ms: int = Field(default=20)
+    max_batch_size: int = Field(default=200)
+    allow_network: bool = Field(default=True)
+
+    tool_server_url: Optional[str] = Field(default=None)
+    tool_server_token: Optional[str] = Field(default=None)
+
+    token: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="Bearer token required for requests (optional in dev).")
+
+    purge_job_on_shutdown: bool = Field(default=True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_env(cls) -> "ToolExecutorServerConfig":
+        # In dev, prefer loading secrets/config from the repo-local `.env` (not committed).
+        try:
+            from dotenv import load_dotenv  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+            load_dotenv = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        if load_dotenv is not None:
+            env_path = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / ".env"
+            if env_path.exists():
+                load_dotenv(dotenv_path=env_path)
+
+        def _get_bool(name: str, default: bool) -> bool:
+            raw = os.getenv(name)
+            if raw is None:
+                return default
+            return raw.strip().lower() in {"1", "true", "yes", "y", "on"}
+
+        return cls(
+            nomad_address=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_NOMAD_ADDRESS", "http://localhost:4646"),
+            job_id=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_JOB_ID", "atropos-sandbox-tool-executor"),
+            image=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_IMAGE", "atropos-sandbox:local"),
+            slots_per_container=int(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_SLOTS", "10")),
+            min_containers=int(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_MIN_CONTAINERS", "1")),
+            max_containers=int(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_MAX_CONTAINERS", "10")),
+            privileged=_get_bool("TOOL_EXECUTOR_PRIVILEGED", False),
+            acquire_timeout_s=float(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_ACQUIRE_TIMEOUT_S", "30.0")),
+            batch_window_ms=int(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_BATCH_WINDOW_MS", "20")),
+            max_batch_size=int(os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_MAX_BATCH_SIZE", "200")),
+            allow_network=_get_bool("TOOL_EXECUTOR_ALLOW_NETWORK", True),
+            tool_server_url=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_TOOL_SERVER_URL") or None,
+            tool_server_token=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_TOOL_SERVER_TOKEN") or None,
+            token=os.getenv("TOOL_EXECUTOR_TOKEN") or None,
+            purge_job_on_shutdown=_get_bool("TOOL_EXECUTOR_PURGE_JOB_ON_SHUTDOWN", True),
+        )
+
+
+app = FastAPI(title="Atropos-Agent Tool Executor")
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def root() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    return {"message": "Atropos-Agent Tool Executor"}
+
+
+def _check_auth(cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig, authorization: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    if not cfg.token:
+        return
+    if not authorization:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Missing Authorization header")
+    if not authorization.lower().startswith("bearer "):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Invalid Authorization header")
+    token = authorization.split(" ", 1)[1].strip()
+    if token != cfg.token:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Invalid token")
+
+
+@app.on_event("startup")
+async def _startup() -> None:
+    cfg = ToolExecutorServerConfig.from_env()
+
+    # Default to Atropos "full" tool surface: sandbox + external (if tool_server_url provided).
+    tools: ToolRegistry = build_tool_registry(
+        enabled_toolsets=["full"],
+        disabled_toolsets=None,
+        tool_server_url=cfg.tool_server_url,
+    )
+
+    backend = NomadToolBackend(
+        NomadBackendConfig(
+            nomad_address=cfg.nomad_address,
+            sandbox_job_id=cfg.job_id,
+            sandbox_image=cfg.image,
+            slots_per_container=cfg.slots_per_container,
+            min_containers=cfg.min_containers,
+            max_containers=cfg.max_containers,
+            privileged=cfg.privileged,
+            acquire_timeout_s=cfg.acquire_timeout_s,
+            purge_job_on_start=False,
+        )
+    )
+    await backend.start()
+
+    executor = ToolExecutor(
+        backend=backend,
+        tools=tools,
+        config=ToolExecutorConfig(
+            batch_window_ms=cfg.batch_window_ms,
+            max_batch_size=cfg.max_batch_size,
+            allow_network=cfg.allow_network,
+            tool_server_url=cfg.tool_server_url,
+            tool_server_token=cfg.tool_server_token,
+        ),
+    )
+    await executor.start()
+
+    app.state.cfg = cfg
+    app.state.backend = backend
+    app.state.executor = executor
+
+
+@app.on_event("shutdown")
+async def _shutdown() -> None:
+    executor: Optional[ToolExecutor] = getattr(app.state, "executor", None)
+    backend: Optional[NomadToolBackend] = getattr(app.state, "backend", None)
+    cfg: Optional[ToolExecutorServerConfig] = getattr(app.state, "cfg", None)
+
+    if executor is not None:
+        await executor.close()
+
+    if backend is not None:
+        await backend.stop(purge=bool(cfg.purge_job_on_shutdown) if cfg else False)
+
+
+@app.get("/health")
+async def health() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@app.get("/status")
+async def status_endpoint() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    backend: NomadToolBackend = app.state.backend
+
+    return {
+        "queue_size": executor.queue_size(),
+        "total_requests": executor.total_requests,
+        "total_errors": executor.total_errors,
+        "pool": backend.get_stats(),
+    }
+
+
+@app.post("/execute", response_model=ToolResultPayload)
+async def execute_tool(
+    req: ToolExecutorExecuteRequest,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+    status_code: int = status.HTTP_200_OK,  # noqa: B008
+) -> ToolResultPayload:
+    cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    result = await executor.execute(
+        trajectory_id=req.trajectory_id,
+        call=req.tool.to_tool_call(),
+        timeout_s=req.timeout_s,
+    )
+    return ToolResultPayload.from_tool_result(result)
+
+
+@app.post("/release")
+async def release_trajectory(
+    req: ToolExecutorReleaseRequest,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    await executor.release_trajectory(req.trajectory_id, reset_workspace=req.reset_workspace)
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@app.post("/artifacts/read", response_model=ArtifactReadResponsePayload)
+async def artifacts_read(
+    req: ArtifactReadRequestPayload,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+) -> ArtifactReadResponsePayload:
+    cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    return await executor.read_artifact(req)
+
+
+@app.post("/artifacts/list", response_model=ArtifactListResponsePayload)
+async def artifacts_list(
+    req: ArtifactListRequestPayload,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+) -> ArtifactListResponsePayload:
+    cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    return await executor.list_artifacts(req)
+
+
+@app.post("/artifacts/archive", response_model=ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload)
+async def artifacts_archive(
+    req: ArtifactArchiveRequestPayload,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+) -> ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload:
+    cfg: ToolExecutorServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    executor: ToolExecutor = app.state.executor
+    return await executor.archive_artifacts(req)

atropos/api/tool_server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+"""
+External ToolServer (Phase 4.5+).
+
+This server executes tools that must NOT run inside the sandbox, typically
+because they require credentials or access to external services.
+
+Run (dev):
+  uv run uvicorn atropos_agent.api.tool_server:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 9002
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+import inspect
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Header, HTTPException, status
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from ..tools import ToolRegistry, build_tool_registry
+from ..tools.base import ToolResultPayload, ToolServerExecuteRequest
+
+
+class ToolServerConfig(BaseModel):
+    token: Optional[str] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Bearer token required for requests (optional in dev).",
+    )
+    max_concurrency: int = Field(default=16, ge=1, description="Max concurrent tool executions.")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_env(cls) -> "ToolServerConfig":
+        # In dev, prefer loading secrets from the repo-local `.env` (not committed).
+        try:
+            from dotenv import load_dotenv  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+            load_dotenv = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        if load_dotenv is not None:
+            env_path = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / ".env"
+            if env_path.exists():
+                load_dotenv(dotenv_path=env_path)
+
+        token = os.getenv("TOOL_SERVER_TOKEN") or None
+        max_concurrency = int(os.getenv("TOOL_SERVER_MAX_CONCURRENCY", "16"))
+        return cls(token=token, max_concurrency=max_concurrency)
+
+
+app = FastAPI(title="Atropos-Agent Tool Server")
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def root() -> Dict[str, str]:
+    return {"message": "Atropos-Agent Tool Server"}
+
+
+@app.on_event("startup")
+async def _startup() -> None:
+    cfg = ToolServerConfig.from_env()
+
+    # External-only registry. It will only include tools that are enabled by toolsets and
+    # whose Hermes requirements/keys are satisfied in this process.
+    tools: ToolRegistry = build_tool_registry(
+        enabled_toolsets=["all"],
+        disabled_toolsets=["terminal", "sandbox", "filesystem", "terminal_stateful", "default"],
+        tool_server_url="enabled",
+    )
+
+    app.state.cfg = cfg
+    app.state.tools = tools
+    app.state.semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(cfg.max_concurrency)
+
+
+@app.get("/health")
+async def health() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@app.get("/tools")
+async def list_tools() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    tools: ToolRegistry = app.state.tools
+    return {"tools": [s.to_dict() for s in tools.get_schemas()]}
+
+
+def _check_auth(cfg: ToolServerConfig, authorization: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    if not cfg.token:
+        return
+    if not authorization:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Missing Authorization header")
+    if not authorization.lower().startswith("bearer "):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Invalid Authorization header")
+    token = authorization.split(" ", 1)[1].strip()
+    if token != cfg.token:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Invalid token")
+
+
+@app.post("/execute", response_model=ToolResultPayload)
+async def execute_tool(
+    req: ToolServerExecuteRequest,
+    authorization: Optional[str] = Header(default=None),
+) -> ToolResultPayload:
+    cfg: ToolServerConfig = app.state.cfg
+    _check_auth(cfg, authorization)
+
+    tools: ToolRegistry = app.state.tools
+    sem: asyncio.Semaphore = app.state.semaphore
+
+    tool = tools.get(req.tool.name)
+    if tool is None:
+        return ToolResultPayload(
+            success=False,
+            error=f"Unknown tool: {req.tool.name}",
+            uniq_id=req.tool.uniq_id,
+        )
+
+    async with sem:
+        try:
+            kwargs = dict(req.tool.arguments)
+            sig = inspect.signature(tool.execute).parameters
+            # Some tools can benefit from extra context.
+            if req.trajectory_id and "trajectory_id" in sig:
+                kwargs["trajectory_id"] = req.trajectory_id
+            if req.slot_id and "slot_id" in sig:
+                kwargs["slot_id"] = req.slot_id
+            if req.container_addr and "container_addr" in sig:
+                kwargs["container_addr"] = req.container_addr
+            if "task_id" in sig:
+                kwargs["task_id"] = req.trajectory_id
+            result = await tool.execute(**kwargs)
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ToolResultPayload(
+                success=False,
+                error=f"Tool execution error: {e}",
+                uniq_id=req.tool.uniq_id,
+            )
+
+    if result.uniq_id is None:
+        result.uniq_id = req.tool.uniq_id
+    return ToolResultPayload.from_tool_result(result)

atropos/backends/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from .base import ToolBackend
+from .modal_backend import ModalSandboxConfig, ModalToolBackend
+from .nomad_backend import NomadBackendConfig, NomadToolBackend
+
+
+def create_tool_backend(cfg: Any) -> ToolBackend:
+    mode = str(getattr(cfg, "tool_pool_mode", "nomad")).strip().lower()
+    if mode == "nomad":
+        return NomadToolBackend(NomadBackendConfig.from_agent_env_config(cfg))
+    if mode == "modal":
+        return ModalToolBackend(ModalSandboxConfig.from_agent_env_config(cfg))
+    raise ValueError(f"Unknown tool_pool_mode: {mode}")
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ToolBackend",
+    "create_tool_backend",
+    "NomadBackendConfig",
+    "NomadToolBackend",
+    "ModalSandboxConfig",
+    "ModalToolBackend",
+]
+

atropos/backends/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""
+Backend interfaces for AgentEnv tool execution.
+
+The goal of this module is to decouple ToolExecutor / AgentEnv from any single
+execution backend (Nomad/Docker today; Modal later).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Protocol, Tuple
+
+from ..slots.executor import ExecutionResult
+from ..slots.slot import Slot
+
+
+class ToolBackend(Protocol):
+    """
+    Minimal interface required by ToolExecutor.
+
+    Backends provide:
+    - lifecycle (start/stop)
+    - slot acquisition/release (workspace affinity)
+    - batched tool execution across slots
+    - optional artifact helpers (for env verification / demos)
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def default_timeout_s(self) -> Optional[float]:
+        """Default sandbox execution timeout in seconds (if any)."""
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        """Start the backend (provision workers/containers, health checks, etc)."""
+
+    async def stop(self, *, purge: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Stop the backend and optionally purge remote resources."""
+
+    async def acquire(self, trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Slot:
+        """Acquire a slot for a trajectory (workspace affinity)."""
+
+    async def release(self, slot: Slot, *, reset_workspace: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Release a slot back to the pool."""
+
+    async def execute_batch(
+        self,
+        requests: List[Tuple[Slot, str, Dict[str, Any]]],
+        *,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> List[ExecutionResult]:
+        """Execute a batch of sandbox tool calls and return results in order."""
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Optional artifact helpers (supported by the Nomad sandbox-server today)
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def read_artifact(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str,
+        *,
+        encoding: str = "text",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        include_sha256: bool = False,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def list_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        recursive: bool = False,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    async def archive_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        archive_format: str = "tar.gz",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+

atropos/backends/nomad_backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+"""
+Nomad/Docker tool backend.
+
+This backend is the current default for AgentEnv: it provisions a Nomad job
+running `sandbox_server.py` and multiplexes stateless slots inside each container.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from ..slots import Slot, SlotPool, SlotPoolConfig
+from ..slots.executor import ExecutionResult
+from .base import ToolBackend
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class NomadBackendConfig:
+    nomad_address: str
+    sandbox_job_id: str
+    sandbox_image: str
+    slots_per_container: int
+    min_containers: int
+    max_containers: int
+    privileged: bool
+    acquire_timeout_s: float
+    purge_job_on_start: bool
+    # Driver selection: "docker" or "singularity"
+    driver: str = "docker"
+    # Path to .sif file for singularity driver (required if driver="singularity")
+    singularity_image: Optional[str] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_agent_env_config(cls, cfg: Any) -> "NomadBackendConfig":
+        return cls(
+            nomad_address=str(getattr(cfg, "nomad_address")),
+            sandbox_job_id=str(getattr(cfg, "sandbox_job_id")),
+            sandbox_image=str(getattr(cfg, "sandbox_image")),
+            slots_per_container=int(getattr(cfg, "slots_per_container")),
+            min_containers=int(getattr(cfg, "min_containers")),
+            max_containers=int(getattr(cfg, "max_containers")),
+            privileged=bool(getattr(cfg, "privileged")),
+            acquire_timeout_s=float(getattr(cfg, "acquire_timeout_s")),
+            purge_job_on_start=bool(getattr(cfg, "purge_job_on_start", False)),
+            driver=str(getattr(cfg, "driver", "docker")),
+            singularity_image=getattr(cfg, "singularity_image", None),
+        )
+
+
+class NomadToolBackend(ToolBackend):
+    def __init__(self, config: NomadBackendConfig):
+        self.config = config
+        self.pool = SlotPool(
+            SlotPoolConfig(
+                nomad_address=config.nomad_address,
+                job_id=config.sandbox_job_id,
+                image=config.sandbox_image,
+                slots_per_container=config.slots_per_container,
+                min_containers=config.min_containers,
+                max_containers=config.max_containers,
+                privileged=config.privileged,
+                acquire_timeout=config.acquire_timeout_s,
+                purge_job_on_start=bool(config.purge_job_on_start),
+                driver=config.driver,
+                singularity_image=config.singularity_image,
+            )
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def default_timeout_s(self) -> Optional[float]:
+        t = getattr(self.pool.executor, "timeout", None)
+        total = getattr(t, "total", None)
+        try:
+            return float(total) if total is not None else None
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        await self.pool.start()
+
+    async def stop(self, *, purge: bool = False) -> None:
+        await self.pool.stop(purge_job=purge)
+
+    async def acquire(self, trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Slot:
+        return await self.pool.acquire(trajectory_id)
+
+    async def release(self, slot: Slot, *, reset_workspace: bool = False) -> None:
+        await self.pool.release(slot, reset_workspace=reset_workspace)
+
+    async def execute_batch(
+        self,
+        requests: List[Tuple[Slot, str, Dict[str, Any]]],
+        *,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> List[ExecutionResult]:
+        return await self.pool.execute_batch(requests, timeout=timeout_s)
+
+    async def read_artifact(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str,
+        *,
+        encoding: str = "text",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        include_sha256: bool = False,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return await self.pool.executor.read_artifact(
+            slot,
+            path,
+            encoding=encoding,
+            max_bytes=max_bytes,
+            include_sha256=include_sha256,
+            timeout=timeout_s,
+        )
+
+    async def list_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        recursive: bool = False,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return await self.pool.executor.list_artifacts(
+            slot,
+            path,
+            recursive=recursive,
+            max_entries=max_entries,
+            timeout=timeout_s,
+        )
+
+    async def archive_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        archive_format: str = "tar.gz",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return await self.pool.executor.archive_artifacts(
+            slot,
+            path,
+            archive_format=archive_format,
+            max_bytes=max_bytes,
+            max_entries=max_entries,
+            timeout=timeout_s,
+        )
+
+    def get_stats(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.pool.get_stats()
+

atropos/envs/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"""
+Environment implementations for atropos-agent.
+
+NOTE: AgentEnv is the OLD environment system, replaced by
+environments/hermes_base_env.py (HermesAgentBaseEnv).
+Import is lazy to avoid pulling in deleted dependencies.
+"""
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    """Lazy import to avoid breaking when old dependencies are removed."""
+    if name in ("AgentEnv", "AgentEnvConfig"):
+        from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+        return {"AgentEnv": AgentEnv, "AgentEnvConfig": AgentEnvConfig}[name]
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+
+__all__ = ["AgentEnv", "AgentEnvConfig"]

atropos/envs/agent_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+"""
+AgentEnv - Atropos BaseEnv extension for agent/tool-call workloads.
+
+AgentEnv is responsible for starting the sandbox tool execution backend and
+providing helpers for running agent trajectories with queued/batched tool calls.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+import os
+import asyncio
+import time
+import uuid
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from typing import Any, Awaitable, Callable, Dict, Generic, List, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar
+
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import APIServerConfig, BaseEnv, BaseEnvConfig, Item, ScoredDataGroup, ScoredDataItem
+from atroposlib.envs.server_handling.server_baseline import AsyncSemWithAdaptiveWeight
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult, AtroposAgent
+from ..backends import ToolBackend, create_tool_backend
+from ..tools import ToolRegistry, build_tool_registry
+from ..tools.tool_executor import ToolExecutor, ToolExecutorConfig
+
+# Main BaseEnv child classes. Child class THESE to get agent+tooling functionality easily.
+
+class AgentEnvConfig(BaseEnvConfig):
+    tool_pool_mode: str = Field(default="nomad", description="Tool execution backend ('nomad' or 'modal')")
+
+    allow_network: bool = Field(
+        default=True,
+        description="Whether sandbox bash commands may access the network (env policy).",
+    )
+    require_sandbox: bool = Field(
+        default=False,
+        description="Fail closed if bubblewrap sandboxing is unavailable/unusable for stateless sandbox tools.",
+    )
+    require_stateful_sandbox: bool = Field(
+        default=False,
+        description="Fail closed if bubblewrap/PID isolation is unavailable for stateful terminal tools (tmux).",
+    )
+    tool_batch_window_ms: int = Field(default=20, description="ToolExecutor batching window (ms)")
+    tool_max_batch_size: int = Field(default=200, description="ToolExecutor maximum batch size")
+
+    # nomad mode settings. TODO: Add Modal support, split this into own config
+    nomad_address: str = Field(default="http://localhost:4646", description="Nomad API address")
+    sandbox_job_id: str = Field(default="atropos-sandbox-agent-env", description="Nomad job id for sandbox containers")
+    sandbox_image: str = Field(default="atropos-sandbox:local", description="Docker image for sandbox containers")
+    slots_per_container: int = Field(default=10, description="Nomad mode: slots per container")
+    min_containers: int = Field(default=1, description="Nomad mode: minimum containers")
+    max_containers: int = Field(default=10, description="Nomad mode: maximum containers")
+    privileged: bool = Field(default=False, description="Nomad mode: run container privileged")
+    acquire_timeout_s: float = Field(default=30.0, description="Slot acquisition timeout (seconds)")
+    purge_job_on_start: bool = Field(
+        default=False,
+        description=(
+            "Nomad mode: stop/purge the sandbox job on startup. This is helpful in local dev and training runs "
+            "to recover from previous crashes that leave the job in a restart backoff state."
+        ),
+    )
+    purge_job_on_shutdown: bool = Field(default=True, description="Nomad mode: stop/purge job on shutdown")
+    
+    # Nomad driver selection (docker or singularity)
+    driver: str = Field(
+        default="docker",
+        description="Nomad task driver: 'docker' (default) or 'singularity' (for HPC without sudo Docker)",
+    )
+    singularity_image: Optional[str] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Path to .sif file for Singularity driver (required if driver='singularity')",
+    )
+
+    # Modal mode settings
+    modal_app_name: str = Field(default="atropos-sandbox", description="Modal app name prefix")
+    modal_image: str = Field(default="python:3.11", description="Modal: container image")
+    modal_gpu: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="Modal: GPU type (None, 'T4', 'A10G', 'A100', 'H100')")
+    modal_cpu: float = Field(default=1.0, description="Modal: CPU cores")
+    modal_memory: int = Field(default=2048, description="Modal: memory in MB")
+    modal_slots_per_sandbox: int = Field(default=10, description="Modal: slots per sandbox")
+    modal_min_sandboxes: int = Field(default=1, description="Modal: minimum sandboxes")
+    modal_max_sandboxes: int = Field(default=5, description="Modal: maximum sandboxes")
+    modal_idle_timeout: int = Field(default=120, description="Modal: server-side idle timeout (seconds)")
+    modal_max_lifetime: int = Field(default=3600, description="Modal: max sandbox lifetime (seconds)")
+    modal_acquire_timeout: float = Field(default=60.0, description="Modal: slot acquisition timeout (seconds)")
+    modal_execution_timeout: float = Field(default=30.0, description="Modal: default command execution timeout (seconds)")
+    modal_secrets: str = Field(default="", description="Modal: comma-separated list of Modal Secret names")
+    modal_env_vars: str = Field(default="", description="Modal: semicolon-separated KEY=VALUE pairs for env vars")
+    modal_workspace_base: str = Field(default="/data", description="Modal: workspace base directory in sandbox")
+
+    # basic agent defaults
+    agent_max_steps: int = Field(default=50, description="Max ReACT steps per trajectory")
+    agent_temperature: float = Field(default=0.7, description="Sampling temperature")
+    agent_max_tokens: Optional[int] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Max tokens per model response (default: let backend decide)",
+    )
+    agent_tool_delay_s: float = Field(default=0.0, description="Delay between tool calls (seconds)")
+
+    # tool selection
+    enabled_toolsets: List[str] = Field(
+        default_factory=lambda: ["default"],
+        description="Toolsets to enable (Hermes-style grouping).",
+    )
+    disabled_toolsets: List[str] = Field(
+        default_factory=list,
+        description="Toolsets to disable (applied after enabled_toolsets).",
+    )
+
+    # external ToolServer routing (Phase 4.5+)
+    tool_server_url: Optional[str] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Base URL for external ToolServer (enables external tools).",
+    )
+    tool_server_token: Optional[str] = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Bearer token for ToolServer auth (optional in dev).",
+    )
+
+AgentEnvConfigT = TypeVar("AgentEnvConfigT", bound="AgentEnvConfig")
+
+
+class AgentEnv(BaseEnv, ABC, Generic[AgentEnvConfigT]):
+    env_config_cls = AgentEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: AgentEnvConfigT,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self.config: AgentEnvConfigT = config
+
+        self.tools: ToolRegistry = self.build_tools()
+
+        self._backend: Optional[ToolBackend] = None
+        self._tool_executor: Optional[ToolExecutor] = None
+        self._tool_server_inprocess: bool = False
+        self._trajectory_workspace_meta: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
+
+    def build_tools(self) -> ToolRegistry:
+        """Wraps original Hermes-Agent ToolRegistry for atropos AgentEnv use.
+        See Hermes-Agent docs for toolsets and available tools etc.
+        """
+        return build_tool_registry(
+            enabled_toolsets=self.config.enabled_toolsets or ["default"],
+            disabled_toolsets=self.config.disabled_toolsets or None,
+            tool_server_url=self.config.tool_server_url,
+        )
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        """Return the user-facing task string for the agent."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        """Return a scalar score for this trajectory."""
+
+    async def setup_trajectory_workspace(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,
+        exec_tool: Callable[["ToolCall"], Awaitable["ToolResult"]],
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Optional hook: prepare the sandbox workspace before the agent starts.
+
+        Examples:
+        - clone a repo and checkout a commit
+        - write fixture files (e.g. images) for external-tool demos
+        - pre-install dependencies
+
+        Default: no-op.
+        """
+        _ = (item, trajectory_id, exec_tool)
+        return {}
+
+    async def verify_and_score_trajectory(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        final_response: str,
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,
+        exec_tool: Callable[["ToolCall"], Awaitable["ToolResult"]],
+        agent_result: Optional[AgentResult] = None,
+        workspace_meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> tuple[float, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Optional hook: run in-sandbox verification before scoring.
+
+        Many agent envs need to execute verification inside the same trajectory
+        workspace (e.g. pytest) before releasing/resetting the slot.
+
+        Default: calls `score_trajectory()` and returns empty metadata.
+        """
+        _ = (trajectory_id, exec_tool, agent_result, workspace_meta)  # default ignores in-workspace verification
+        score = await self.score_trajectory(item, final_response)
+        return score, {}
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=self.config.agent_max_steps,
+            temperature=self.config.agent_temperature,
+            max_tokens=self.config.agent_max_tokens,
+            tool_delay_s=self.config.agent_tool_delay_s,
+        )
+
+    async def setup(self) -> None:
+        print(f"[AgentEnv] setup(): starting tool backend ({self.config.tool_pool_mode})", flush=True)
+        await self._start_tool_backend()
+        print("[AgentEnv] setup(): configuring server concurrency", flush=True)
+        self._configure_server_concurrency()
+        print("[AgentEnv] setup(): running env-specific setup_agent_env()", flush=True)
+        await self.setup_agent_env()
+        print("[AgentEnv] setup(): done", flush=True)
+
+    def _configure_server_concurrency(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Ensure the LLM server concurrency isn't accidentally capped below `group_size`.
+
+        In `BaseEnv process` mode, groups are collected concurrently and if the underlying
+        ServerManager/OpenAIServer semaphore is left at 1, we serialize inference even
+        when `--env.group_size` is > 1.
+        """
+        desired = int(getattr(self.config, "group_size", 1) or 1)
+        if desired <= 1:
+            return
+
+        servers = getattr(self.server, "servers", None)
+        if not isinstance(servers, list) or not servers:
+            return
+
+        for s in servers:
+            sem = getattr(s, "sem", None)
+            eval_sem = getattr(s, "eval_sem", None)
+            # Only increase; never shrink.
+            if sem is not None and getattr(sem, "max_val", 0) < desired:
+                s.sem = AsyncSemWithAdaptiveWeight(desired)
+                if hasattr(s, "config") and hasattr(s.config, "num_max_requests_at_once"):
+                    s.config.num_max_requests_at_once = desired
+            if eval_sem is not None and getattr(eval_sem, "max_val", 0) < desired:
+                s.eval_sem = AsyncSemWithAdaptiveWeight(desired)
+                if hasattr(s, "config") and hasattr(s.config, "num_requests_for_eval"):
+                    s.config.num_requests_for_eval = desired
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def setup_agent_env(self) -> None:
+        """Subclass hook for env-specific setup."""
+
+    async def evaluate(self, *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: ARG002
+        """
+        Default eval hook (no-op).
+
+        Atropos BaseEnv requires an `evaluate()` implementation. Many agent envs
+        won't have a meaningful evaluation path during early PoC work; they can
+        override this when needed.
+        """
+        return {}
+
+    async def env_manager(self):
+        try:
+            return await super().env_manager()
+        finally:
+            await self.shutdown_tool_backend()
+
+    async def process_manager(self):
+        try:
+            return await super().process_manager()
+        finally:
+            await self.shutdown_tool_backend()
+
+    async def _start_tool_backend(self) -> None:
+        if self._tool_executor is not None:
+            return
+
+        tool_server_url = self.config.tool_server_url
+        tool_server_client = None
+        if tool_server_url == "inprocess":
+            import httpx
+            from ..api.tool_server import app as tool_server_app
+
+            await tool_server_app.router.startup()
+            tool_server_client = httpx.AsyncClient(
+                transport=httpx.ASGITransport(app=tool_server_app),
+                base_url="http://toolserver",
+            )
+            tool_server_url = "http://toolserver"
+            self._tool_server_inprocess = True
+
+        backend = create_tool_backend(self.config)
+        await backend.start()
+
+        executor = ToolExecutor(
+            backend=backend,
+            tools=self.tools,
+            config=ToolExecutorConfig(
+                batch_window_ms=self.config.tool_batch_window_ms,
+                max_batch_size=self.config.tool_max_batch_size,
+                allow_network=self.config.allow_network,
+                require_sandbox=self.config.require_sandbox,
+                require_stateful_sandbox=self.config.require_stateful_sandbox,
+                tool_server_url=tool_server_url,
+                tool_server_token=self.config.tool_server_token,
+            ),
+        )
+        await executor.start()
+        if tool_server_client is not None:
+            executor._tool_server_client = tool_server_client  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._tool_executor = executor
+
+    async def shutdown_tool_backend(self) -> None:
+        executor = self._tool_executor
+        backend = self._backend
+        inprocess_tool_server = self._tool_server_inprocess
+        self._tool_executor = None
+        self._backend = None
+        self._tool_server_inprocess = False
+
+        if executor is not None:
+            await executor.close()
+        if backend is not None:
+            await backend.stop(purge=bool(self.config.purge_job_on_shutdown))
+        if inprocess_tool_server:
+            from ..api.tool_server import app as tool_server_app
+
+            await tool_server_app.router.shutdown()
+
+    async def collect_trajectory(
+        self, item: Item
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[ScoredDataItem], List[Item]]:
+        if self._tool_executor is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("Tool backend not started")
+
+        trajectory_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+        print(f"[AgentEnv] collect_trajectory(): tid={trajectory_id} start", flush=True)
+        task = self.build_task(item)
+        agent_config = self.build_agent_config(item)
+        if os.getenv("ATROPOS_DEBUG_PRINT_TASK") == "1":
+            print(f"Starting trajectory {trajectory_id} with task: {task}", flush=True)
+        else:
+            # Avoid printing the full task prompt by default (can be huge/noisy).
+            one_line = " ".join(str(task).splitlines()).strip()
+            preview = one_line[:240] + ("…" if len(one_line) > 240 else "")
+            print(f"Starting trajectory {trajectory_id} (task preview): {preview}", flush=True)
+
+        async def _exec(call):
+            return await self._tool_executor.execute(trajectory_id, call)
+
+        agent = AtroposAgent(
+            server=self.server,
+            tokenizer=self.tokenizer,
+            tools=self.tools,
+            config=agent_config,
+            execute_tool=_exec,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            print(f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} setup_trajectory_workspace() start", flush=True)
+            workspace_meta = await self.setup_trajectory_workspace(item, trajectory_id=trajectory_id, exec_tool=_exec)
+            if not isinstance(workspace_meta, dict):
+                workspace_meta = {}
+            self._trajectory_workspace_meta[trajectory_id] = workspace_meta
+            print(
+                f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} setup_trajectory_workspace() done in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s",
+                flush=True,
+            )
+
+            print(f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} agent.run() start", flush=True)
+            result = await agent.run(task)
+            print(
+                f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} agent.run() done in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s "
+                f"success={result.success} tool_calls={result.total_tool_calls}",
+                flush=True,
+            )
+            if not result.success or result.trajectory_data is None:
+                # Do not trigger BaseEnv retries for agent failures.
+                # Record the trajectory with score 0.0 so training/eval can see the failure mode.
+                messages = [{"role": "system", "content": agent._build_system_prompt()}]  # noqa: SLF001
+                messages.append({"role": "user", "content": task})
+                for step in result.steps:
+                    messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": step.assistant_message})
+                    if step.tool_results:
+                        tool_text = "\n".join(r.to_xml() for r in step.tool_results)
+                        messages.append({"role": "user", "content": tool_text})
+
+                scored: ScoredDataItem = {
+                    "tokens": (result.trajectory_data.tokens if result.trajectory_data else []),
+                    "masks": (result.trajectory_data.masked_tokens if result.trajectory_data else []),
+                    "scores": 0.0,
+                }
+                if result.trajectory_data is not None:
+                    scored["inference_logprobs"] = result.trajectory_data.logprobs  # type: ignore[typeddict-unknown-key]
+                    if getattr(result.trajectory_data, "metadata", None):
+                        scored["overrides"] = {"managed_metadata": result.trajectory_data.metadata}
+                if self.config.include_messages:
+                    # Record a final failure marker as a user-side tool_response-like block so it survives templates.
+                    import json
+
+                    err = result.error or "agent_failed"
+                    messages.append(
+                        {
+                            "role": "user",
+                            "content": f"<tool_response>{json.dumps({'success': False, 'error': err})}</tool_response>",
+                        }
+                    )
+                    scored["messages"] = messages
+                return scored, []
+
+            print(f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} verify_and_score_trajectory() start", flush=True)
+            score, score_metadata = await self.verify_and_score_trajectory(
+                item,
+                result.final_response,
+                trajectory_id=trajectory_id,
+                exec_tool=_exec,
+                agent_result=result,
+                workspace_meta=workspace_meta,
+            )
+            print(
+                f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} verify_and_score_trajectory() done in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s "
+                f"score={score}",
+                flush=True,
+            )
+
+            messages = [{"role": "system", "content": agent._build_system_prompt()}]  # noqa: SLF001
+            messages.append({"role": "user", "content": task})
+            for step in result.steps:
+                messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": step.assistant_message})
+                if step.tool_results:
+                    tool_text = "\n".join(r.to_xml() for r in step.tool_results)
+                    messages.append({"role": "user", "content": tool_text})
+
+            # Optional: allow env verification to attach additional messages (e.g. install logs).
+            if self.config.include_messages and isinstance(score_metadata, dict):
+                extra = score_metadata.get("verification_messages")
+                if isinstance(extra, list):
+                    for m in extra:
+                        if isinstance(m, dict) and isinstance(m.get("role"), str) and isinstance(m.get("content"), str):
+                            messages.append({"role": m["role"], "content": m["content"]})
+
+            scored: ScoredDataItem = {
+                "tokens": result.trajectory_data.tokens,
+                "masks": result.trajectory_data.masked_tokens,
+                "scores": score,
+            }
+            # Atroposlib expects policy logprobs at the *group* level under `inference_logprobs`.
+            # We stash per-item values here and lift them into the group in `collect_trajectories()`.
+            scored["inference_logprobs"] = result.trajectory_data.logprobs  # type: ignore[typeddict-unknown-key]
+            if getattr(result.trajectory_data, "metadata", None):
+                scored["overrides"] = {"managed_metadata": result.trajectory_data.metadata}
+            if self.config.include_messages:
+                scored["messages"] = messages
+
+            return scored, []
+        finally:
+            self._trajectory_workspace_meta.pop(trajectory_id, None)
+            print(f"[AgentEnv] tid={trajectory_id} release_trajectory(reset_workspace=True)", flush=True)
+            await self._tool_executor.release_trajectory(trajectory_id, reset_workspace=True)
+            print(f"[AgentEnv] collect_trajectory(): tid={trajectory_id} done in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s", flush=True)
+
+    async def collect_trajectories(
+        self, item: Item
+    ) -> Tuple[Optional[ScoredDataGroup], List[Item]]:
+        tasks = [self.collect_trajectory(item) for _ in range(self.config.group_size)]
+        results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+
+        backlog: List[Item] = []
+        items: List[ScoredDataItem] = []
+        for scored, b in results:
+            backlog.extend(b)
+            if scored is not None:
+                items.append(scored)
+
+        if len(items) != self.config.group_size:
+            return None, backlog
+
+        group: ScoredDataGroup = ScoredDataGroup(
+            tokens=[],
+            masks=[],
+            scores=[],
+            advantages=[],
+            ref_logprobs=[],
+            messages=[] if self.config.include_messages else None,
+            inference_logprobs=[],
+            group_overrides={},
+            overrides=[],
+            images=[],
+            generation_params=None,
+        )
+
+        for it in items:
+            group["tokens"].append(it["tokens"])
+            group["masks"].append(it["masks"])
+            group["scores"].append(it["scores"])
+            # policy logprobs (for PPO/GRPO training) if present
+            lp = it.get("inference_logprobs")  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+            if lp is not None:
+                group["inference_logprobs"].append(lp)
+            group["overrides"].append(it.get("overrides") or {})  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
+            if group.get("messages") is not None and it.get("messages") is not None:
+                group["messages"].append(it["messages"])
+
+        return group, backlog
+
+    async def run_agent(self, task: str, *, trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Tuple[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Run the AtroposAgent on a single task and return (final_response, debug).
+
+        This is a helper intended for simple environments and tests.
+        """
+        if self._tool_executor is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("Tool backend not started")
+
+        tid = trajectory_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        async def _exec(call):
+            return await self._tool_executor.execute(tid, call)
+
+        agent = AtroposAgent(
+            server=self.server,
+            tokenizer=self.tokenizer,
+            tools=self.tools,
+            config=AgentConfig(
+                max_steps=self.config.agent_max_steps,
+                temperature=self.config.agent_temperature,
+                max_tokens=self.config.agent_max_tokens,
+            ),
+            execute_tool=_exec,
+        )
+        result = await agent.run(task)
+        await self._tool_executor.release_trajectory(tid, reset_workspace=True)
+        return result.final_response, {"success": result.success, "error": result.error, "tool_calls": result.total_tool_calls}

atropos/envs/hermes_compat_test_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+"""
+Hermes-Agent + Atropos (Nomad sandbox) compatibility smoke environment.
+
+This environment is intended to validate, end-to-end:
+  BaseEnv.process -> AgentEnv -> ToolExecutor (batched) -> Nomad SlotPool -> sandbox_server
+
+It forces the model to use a sandbox tool by asking it to run a command that
+generates a high-entropy token inside the sandbox, then repeat it exactly.
+
+Run (process mode):
+  uv run python -m atropos.envs.hermes_compat_test_env process --env.use_wandb false --env.total_steps 2 --env.group_size 1
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Tuple
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import APIServerConfig, Item
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult
+from ..tools import ToolCall
+from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+
+load_dotenv()
+
+
+def _forced_tool_item() -> Item:
+    # Use double quotes in the shell command and show JSON escaping explicitly.
+    # This avoids invalid JSON escapes like `\\'` (not valid JSON) that some models produce.
+    cmd = 'python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(16))"'
+    return {
+        "command": cmd,
+        "prompt": (
+            "You are acting as an agent inside a sandboxed environment.\n"
+            "You MUST use the terminal tool to execute commands.\n"
+            "Run this exact command:\n"
+            f"{cmd}\n"
+            "When you call the tool, use valid JSON inside <tool_call>. Example:\n"
+            '<tool_call>{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": '
+            '"python -c \\\\"import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(16))\\\\""}}'
+            "</tool_call>\n"
+            "Then respond with EXACTLY what it printed (the hex token) and nothing else.\n"
+            "Do not guess. Do not explain."
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+class HermesCompatTestEnvConfig(AgentEnvConfig):
+    server_base_url: str = Field(
+        default="http://127.0.0.1:8080",
+        description="Base URL for an OpenAI-compatible chat server (without /v1).",
+    )
+    server_model: str = Field(default="hermes-4-36b", description="Model name")
+    tokenizer_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B", description="Tokenizer name for RL tokenization")
+
+
+class HermesCompatTestEnv(AgentEnv[HermesCompatTestEnvConfig]):
+    name = "hermes_compat_test_env"
+    env_config_cls = HermesCompatTestEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: HermesCompatTestEnvConfig,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self._iter = 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def config_init(cls) -> Tuple[HermesCompatTestEnvConfig, List[APIServerConfig]]:
+        base_url = (
+            os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("LLM_BASE_URL")
+            or "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+        )
+        model = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "hermes-4-36b"
+        api_key = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY") or os.getenv("NOUS_API_KEY") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") or "local"
+
+        env_config = HermesCompatTestEnvConfig(
+            tokenizer_name=os.getenv("ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME") or "NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B",
+            group_size=1,
+            use_wandb=False,
+            include_messages=True,
+            ensure_scores_are_not_same=False,
+            total_steps=2,
+            batch_size=1,
+            server_base_url=base_url,
+            server_model=model,
+            # Tooling: sandbox-only terminal.
+            enabled_toolsets=["terminal"],
+            disabled_toolsets=[],
+            # Default to Nomad sandboxing; users can override via --env.* args.
+            sandbox_image=os.getenv("ATROPOS_SANDBOX_IMAGE") or "atropos-sandbox:local",
+            # In local dev it's common for a previous crash to leave the job in backoff.
+            purge_job_on_start=True,
+            purge_job_on_shutdown=True,
+        )
+
+        server_configs = [
+            APIServerConfig(
+                model_name=model,
+                base_url=f"{base_url.rstrip('/')}/v1",
+                api_key=api_key,
+                num_max_requests_at_once=1,
+                num_requests_for_eval=1,
+                timeout=120,
+            )
+        ]
+        return env_config, server_configs
+
+    async def setup_agent_env(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def get_next_item(self) -> Item:
+        self._iter += 1
+        return _forced_tool_item()
+
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        return str(item.get("prompt") or "")
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        # Avoid imposing max_tokens by default; tool-tag responses can be long for some models.
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=min(8, int(self.config.agent_max_steps)),
+            temperature=0.2,
+            max_tokens=None,
+        )
+
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        # Scoring happens in verify_and_score_trajectory so we can inspect tool results.
+        _ = (item, final_response)
+        return 0.0
+
+    async def verify_and_score_trajectory(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        final_response: str,
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,  # noqa: ARG002
+        exec_tool,  # noqa: ARG002
+        agent_result: AgentResult | None = None,
+        workspace_meta: Dict[str, Any] | None = None,  # noqa: ARG002
+    ) -> tuple[float, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if agent_result is None:
+            return 0.0, {"error": "Missing agent_result"}
+
+        observed: str = ""
+        tool_ok = False
+        for step in agent_result.steps:
+            for res in step.tool_results:
+                if not res.success:
+                    return 0.0, {"error": res.error, "output": res.output}
+                out = (res.output or "").strip()
+                if out:
+                    observed = out.splitlines()[-1].strip()
+                    tool_ok = True
+
+        final = (final_response or "").strip()
+        score = 1.0 if tool_ok and agent_result.total_tool_calls > 0 and observed and final == observed else 0.0
+        return score, {"observed": observed, "tool_calls": agent_result.total_tool_calls, "command": item.get("command")}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    HermesCompatTestEnv.cli()

atropos/envs/sandbox_terminal_smoke_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+"""
+Nomad sandbox terminal smoke environment (training-oriented).
+
+Validates, end-to-end:
+  BaseEnv.process -> AgentEnv -> ToolExecutor (batched) -> Nomad SlotPool -> sandbox_server
+
+It forces the model to use a sandbox tool by asking it to run a command that
+generates a high-entropy token inside the sandbox, then repeat it exactly.
+
+Run (process mode):
+  uv run python -m atropos.envs.sandbox_terminal_smoke_env process --env.use_wandb false --env.total_steps 2 --env.group_size 1
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Tuple
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import APIServerConfig, Item
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult
+from ..tools import ToolCall
+from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+
+load_dotenv()
+
+STRICT_TOOLCALL_SYSTEM_PROMPT = None
+
+
+def _forced_tool_item() -> Item:
+    # Use double quotes in the shell command and show JSON escaping explicitly.
+    # This avoids invalid JSON escapes like `\\'` (not valid JSON) that some models produce.
+    cmd = 'python -c "import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(16))"'
+    return {
+        "command": cmd,
+        "prompt": (
+            "You MUST use the terminal tool.\n"
+            "Run this exact command:\n"
+            f"{cmd}\n"
+            "When you call the tool, use valid JSON inside <tool_call>. Example:\n"
+            '<tool_call>{"name": "terminal", "arguments": {"command": '
+            '"python -c \\\\"import secrets; print(secrets.token_hex(16))\\\\""}}'
+            "</tool_call>\n"
+            "Then respond with EXACTLY what it printed (the hex token) and nothing else.\n"
+            "Do not guess. Do not explain."
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+class SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig(AgentEnvConfig):
+    server_base_url: str = Field(
+        default="http://127.0.0.1:8080",
+        description="Base URL for an OpenAI-compatible chat server (without /v1).",
+    )
+    server_model: str = Field(default="hermes-4-36b", description="Model name")
+    tokenizer_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B", description="Tokenizer name for RL tokenization")
+
+
+class SandboxTerminalSmokeEnv(AgentEnv[SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig]):
+    name = "sandbox_terminal_smoke_env"
+    env_config_cls = SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self._iter = 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def config_init(cls) -> Tuple[SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig, List[APIServerConfig]]:
+        base_url = (
+            os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("LLM_BASE_URL")
+            or "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+        )
+        model = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "hermes-4-36b"
+        api_key = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY") or os.getenv("NOUS_API_KEY") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") or "local"
+
+        env_config = SandboxTerminalSmokeEnvConfig(
+            tokenizer_name=os.getenv("ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME") or "NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B",
+            group_size=1,
+            use_wandb=False,
+            include_messages=True,
+            ensure_scores_are_not_same=False,
+            total_steps=2,
+            batch_size=1,
+            server_base_url=base_url,
+            server_model=model,
+            # Tooling: sandbox-only terminal.
+            enabled_toolsets=["terminal"],
+            disabled_toolsets=[],
+            # Default to Nomad sandboxing; users can override via --env.* args.
+            sandbox_image=os.getenv("ATROPOS_SANDBOX_IMAGE") or "atropos-sandbox:local",
+            purge_job_on_start=True,
+            purge_job_on_shutdown=True,
+        )
+
+        server_configs = [
+            APIServerConfig(
+                model_name=model,
+                base_url=f"{base_url.rstrip('/')}/v1",
+                api_key=api_key,
+                num_max_requests_at_once=1,
+                num_requests_for_eval=1,
+                timeout=120,
+            )
+        ]
+        return env_config, server_configs
+
+    async def setup_agent_env(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def get_next_item(self) -> Item:
+        self._iter += 1
+        return _forced_tool_item()
+
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        return str(item.get("prompt") or "")
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        # Avoid imposing max_tokens by default; tool-tag responses can be long for some models.
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=min(8, int(self.config.agent_max_steps)),
+            temperature=0.2,
+            max_tokens=None,
+            system_prompt=STRICT_TOOLCALL_SYSTEM_PROMPT,
+        )
+
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        # Scoring happens in verify_and_score_trajectory so we can inspect tool results.
+        _ = (item, final_response)
+        return 0.0
+
+    async def verify_and_score_trajectory(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        final_response: str,
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,  # noqa: ARG002
+        exec_tool,  # noqa: ARG002
+        agent_result: AgentResult | None = None,
+        workspace_meta: Dict[str, Any] | None = None,  # noqa: ARG002
+    ) -> tuple[float, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if agent_result is None:
+            return 0.0, {"error": "Missing agent_result"}
+
+        observed: str = ""
+        tool_ok = False
+        for step in agent_result.steps:
+            for res in step.tool_results:
+                if not res.success:
+                    return 0.0, {"error": res.error, "output": res.output}
+                out = (res.output or "").strip()
+                if out:
+                    observed = out.splitlines()[-1].strip()
+                    tool_ok = True
+
+        final = (final_response or "").strip()
+        score = 1.0 if tool_ok and agent_result.total_tool_calls > 0 and observed and final == observed else 0.0
+        return score, {"observed": observed, "tool_calls": agent_result.total_tool_calls, "command": item.get("command")}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    SandboxTerminalSmokeEnv.cli()

atropos/envs/swe_smith_oracle_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+"""
+SWE-smith-oracle environment.
+
+This environment is intentionally minimal:
+- prepares a sandbox workspace by cloning a public GitHub repo at `base_commit`
+- runs an AtroposAgent tool loop to apply a fix
+- verifies by running pytest nodeids from the dataset (reward = pass/fail)
+- Python only (no multi-language support currently, need to properly bauild & add to dropbox)
+- TODO: Get the other nonpython sandboxes up and running, then add a config knob to switch between them per row
+- oh and add to dockerhub
+
+Dataset: NousResearch/SWE-smith-oracle (train; does NOT use SWE-bench eval set).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import random
+import time
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import APIServerConfig, Item
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig
+from ..tools import ToolCall
+from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+
+
+class SweSmithOracleEnvConfig(AgentEnvConfig):
+    dataset_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/SWE-smith-oracle")
+    dataset_split: str = Field(default="train")
+    max_items: int = Field(default=0, description="0 = no limit")
+    shuffle: bool = Field(default=True)
+    seed: int = Field(default=0)
+
+    python_only: bool = Field(default=True, description="Filter to Python-evaluable rows")
+    score_include_fail_to_pass: bool = Field(
+        default=True,
+        description=(
+            "If true (default), score tests on PASS_TO_PASS ∪ FAIL_TO_PASS. "
+            "Disable to only run PASS_TO_PASS (faster but weaker signal)."
+        ),
+    )
+
+    prompt_mode: str = Field(
+        default="problem_statement",
+        description="Task prompt content: 'problem_statement' (fast) or 'problem_statement+text' (slower, includes dataset 'text').",
+    )
+
+    repo_base_url: str = Field(default="https://github.com", description="Base URL for repo cloning")
+    install_timeout_s: float = Field(default=600.0)
+    test_timeout_s: float = Field(default=600.0)
+
+    tokenizer_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B", description="Tokenizer name for RL tokenization")
+
+
+class SweSmithOracleEnv(AgentEnv[SweSmithOracleEnvConfig]):
+    """
+    SWE-smith-oracle AgentEnv.
+
+    This is designed for benchmarking multiplexed slot execution vs naive container-per-trajectory.
+    """
+
+    name = "swe_smith_oracle_env"
+    env_config_cls = SweSmithOracleEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: SweSmithOracleEnvConfig,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self._dataset = None
+        self._indices: List[int] = []
+        self._cursor = 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def config_init(cls) -> Tuple[SweSmithOracleEnvConfig, List[APIServerConfig]]:
+        # Defaults for running the env via CLI in offline `process` mode.
+        # Override via env vars or `--env.*` flags as needed.
+        base_url_raw = (
+            os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("LLM_BASE_URL")
+            or "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+        )
+        base_url = base_url_raw.rstrip("/")
+        if not base_url.endswith("/v1"):
+            base_url = f"{base_url}/v1"
+        model = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "hermes-4-36b"
+        api_key = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY") or os.getenv("NOUS_API_KEY") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") or "local"
+
+        env_config = SweSmithOracleEnvConfig(
+            tokenizer_name=os.getenv("ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME") or "NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B",
+            group_size=1,
+            use_wandb=False,
+            rollout_server_url="http://localhost:8000",
+            total_steps=1,
+            batch_size=1,
+            steps_per_eval=1,
+            max_token_length=8192,
+            inference_weight=1.0,
+            wandb_name="swe_smith_oracle",
+            enabled_toolsets=["terminal"],
+            disabled_toolsets=[],
+            sandbox_image=os.getenv("ATROPOS_SANDBOX_IMAGE") or "atropos-sandbox:local",
+            purge_job_on_start=True,
+            purge_job_on_shutdown=True,
+        )
+
+        server_configs = [
+            APIServerConfig(
+                model_name=model,
+                base_url=base_url,
+                api_key=api_key,
+                num_max_requests_at_once=1,
+                num_requests_for_eval=1,
+                timeout=int(os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_TIMEOUT_S") or "300"),
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        return env_config, server_configs
+
+    async def setup_agent_env(self) -> None:
+        from datasets import load_dataset
+
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+        print(
+            f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] loading dataset {self.config.dataset_name}:{self.config.dataset_split} "
+            f"(python_only={self.config.python_only}, max_items={self.config.max_items or 'all'})",
+            flush=True,
+        )
+        ds = load_dataset(self.config.dataset_name, split=self.config.dataset_split)
+        self._dataset = ds
+
+        indices: List[int] = []
+        for idx in range(len(ds)):
+            row = ds[idx]
+            if self.config.python_only and not self._is_python_row(row):
+                continue
+            indices.append(idx)
+
+        if self.config.shuffle:
+            rnd = random.Random(self.config.seed)
+            rnd.shuffle(indices)
+
+        if self.config.max_items and self.config.max_items > 0:
+            indices = indices[: self.config.max_items]
+
+        self._indices = indices
+        self._cursor = 0
+
+        print(
+            f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] loaded {len(self._indices)} items from {self.config.dataset_name}:{self.config.dataset_split} "
+            f"in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s",
+            flush=True,
+        )
+
+    def _is_python_row(self, row: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        nodeids = row.get("PASS_TO_PASS")
+        if not isinstance(nodeids, list) or not nodeids:
+            return False
+        for nid in nodeids:
+            if not isinstance(nid, str) or ".py::" not in nid:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    async def get_next_item(self) -> Item:
+        print(f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] get_next_item() cursor={self._cursor}/{len(self._indices)}", flush=True)
+        if not self._dataset or not self._indices:
+            raise RuntimeError("Dataset not initialized (did setup() run?)")
+        if self._cursor >= len(self._indices):
+            self._cursor = 0
+        idx = self._indices[self._cursor]
+        self._cursor += 1
+        return dict(self._dataset[idx])
+
+    def _repo_name(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        repo = item.get("repo") or ""
+        if isinstance(repo, str) and "/" in repo:
+            return repo.split("/")[-1]
+        return "repo"
+
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        repo = item.get("repo") or ""
+        base_commit = item.get("base_commit") or ""
+        problem = str(item.get("problem_statement") or "")
+        context = str(item.get("text") or "")
+
+        nodeids = self._tests_for_item(item)
+        tests_list = "\n".join(f"- {t}" for t in nodeids)
+
+        repo_dir = self._repo_name(item)
+
+        tests_block = (
+            "Run these tests to verify:\n"
+            f"{tests_list}\n\n"
+            "When done, briefly describe what you changed and confirm tests pass."
+        )
+
+        prompt_mode = (self.config.prompt_mode or "problem_statement").strip().lower()
+        if prompt_mode not in {"problem_statement", "problem_statement+text"}:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Invalid prompt_mode={self.config.prompt_mode!r}. "
+                "Expected 'problem_statement' or 'problem_statement+text'."
+            )
+
+        context_block = ""
+        if prompt_mode == "problem_statement+text" and context:
+            # Note: We intentionally do NOT truncate/cap here. This mode is for debugging / richer prompts and can be slow.
+            context_block = f"\nAdditional context:\n{context}\n"
+
+        return (
+            "You are a senior software engineer. Fix the repository so the specified tests pass.\n\n"
+            f"Repository: {repo} (checked out at base_commit={base_commit})\n"
+            f"Workspace path: ./{repo_dir}\n\n"
+            "Constraints:\n"
+            "- You MUST use the terminal tool to inspect, edit, and verify the repository. Do not respond with a patch file.\n"
+            f"- Start by inspecting the repo (e.g. `ls`, `cd ./{repo_dir}`, `git status`).\n"
+            "- Use a workspace-local virtualenv (e.g. inside the repo at ./.venv) to avoid cross-run contamination.\n"
+            "- Use non-interactive commands only.\n\n"
+            "- Terminal commands run under POSIX /bin/sh and each tool call runs in a fresh shell (no persisted env vars).\n"
+            "  Avoid bash-only `source`; prefer `. .venv/bin/activate` or `.venv/bin/python ...`.\n\n"
+            "Problem statement:\n"
+            f"{problem}\n\n"
+            f"{context_block}\n"
+            f"{tests_block}"
+        )
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        # SWE tasks are longer than the simple test env.
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=self.config.agent_max_steps,
+            temperature=self.config.agent_temperature,
+            max_tokens=self.config.agent_max_tokens,
+            tool_delay_s=self.config.agent_tool_delay_s,
+        )
+
+    async def setup_trajectory_workspace(self, item: Item, *, trajectory_id: str, exec_tool) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        t0 = time.perf_counter()
+        repo = item.get("repo")
+        base_commit = item.get("base_commit")
+        instance_id = item.get("instance_id") or item.get("id") or item.get("problem_id")
+        if not isinstance(repo, str) or not isinstance(base_commit, str):
+            raise RuntimeError("Invalid dataset row: missing repo/base_commit")
+
+        repo_dir = self._repo_name(item)
+        clone_url = f"{self.config.repo_base_url.rstrip('/')}/{repo}.git"
+        print(
+            f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] tid={trajectory_id} setup_trajectory_workspace(): "
+            f"repo={repo} base_commit={base_commit} instance_id={instance_id} dir=./{repo_dir}",
+            flush=True,
+        )
+
+        # Repo setup strategy:
+        # - Maintain a shared, per-container bare repo cache under /data/repo_cache
+        # - For each trajectory, create an isolated git worktree under the slot workspace
+        # This avoids cloning/fetching full repos per trajectory and is crucial for multiplexing.
+
+        def _repo_cache_slug(repo_name: str) -> str:
+            return repo_name.replace("/", "__")
+
+        repo_slug = _repo_cache_slug(repo)
+        cache_root = "/data/repo_cache"
+        bare_repo = f"{cache_root}/{repo_slug}.git"
+        lock_file = f"{cache_root}/.locks/{repo_slug}.lock"
+
+        # Use flock to serialize operations that mutate the shared bare repo (fetch/worktree).
+        # util-linux (flock) is included in the sandbox image.
+        worktree_cmd = (
+            "set -e; "
+            f"rm -rf {repo_dir}; "
+            f"mkdir -p {cache_root}/.locks; "
+            f": > {lock_file}; "
+            f"flock -x {lock_file} sh -lc '"
+            f"set -e; "
+            "export GIT_TERMINAL_PROMPT=0; "
+            "export GIT_LFS_SKIP_SMUDGE=1; "
+            f"if [ ! -d \"{bare_repo}\" ]; then "
+            f"  git init --bare \"{bare_repo}\"; "
+            f"  git -C \"{bare_repo}\" remote add origin \"{clone_url}\"; "
+            "fi; "
+            f"git -C \"{bare_repo}\" remote set-url origin \"{clone_url}\"; "
+            f"git -C \"{bare_repo}\" worktree prune || true; "
+            f"if ! git -C \"{bare_repo}\" cat-file -e \"{base_commit}^{{commit}}\" 2>/dev/null; then "
+            f"  git -C \"{bare_repo}\" fetch --depth 1 origin \"{base_commit}\" || true; "
+            "fi; "
+            f"if ! git -C \"{bare_repo}\" cat-file -e \"{base_commit}^{{commit}}\" 2>/dev/null; then "
+            f"  git -C \"{bare_repo}\" fetch --prune origin; "
+            "fi; "
+            f"git --git-dir=\"{bare_repo}\" worktree add --detach \"{repo_dir}\" \"{base_commit}\"; "
+            "'"
+        )
+
+        print(f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] tid={trajectory_id} preparing worktree from repo cache", flush=True)
+        res = await exec_tool(
+            ToolCall(
+                name="terminal",
+                arguments={"command": worktree_cmd, "timeout": self.config.install_timeout_s},
+            )
+        )
+        if not res.success:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "git worktree setup failed "
+                f"(repo={repo}, base_commit={base_commit}, instance_id={instance_id}): {res.error}\n{res.output}"
+            )
+
+        print(
+            f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] tid={trajectory_id} setup_trajectory_workspace(): worktree ready in {time.perf_counter() - t0:.2f}s",
+            flush=True,
+        )
+        return {"repo_dir": repo_dir, "base_commit": base_commit}
+
+    def _tests_for_item(self, item: Item) -> List[str]:
+        tests: List[str] = []
+        if self.config.score_include_fail_to_pass:
+            for key in ("PASS_TO_PASS", "FAIL_TO_PASS"):
+                nodeids = item.get(key)
+                if isinstance(nodeids, list):
+                    tests.extend([n for n in nodeids if isinstance(n, str)])
+        else:
+            nodeids = item.get("PASS_TO_PASS")
+            if isinstance(nodeids, list):
+                tests.extend([n for n in nodeids if isinstance(n, str)])
+        # Stable order for reproducibility.
+        return sorted(dict.fromkeys(tests))
+
+    def _chunk_nodeids(self, nodeids: List[str], max_per_chunk: int = 50) -> List[List[str]]:
+        chunks: List[List[str]] = []
+        for i in range(0, len(nodeids), max_per_chunk):
+            chunks.append(nodeids[i : i + max_per_chunk])
+        return chunks
+
+    async def verify_and_score_trajectory(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        final_response: str,  # noqa: ARG002
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,
+        exec_tool,
+        agent_result=None,
+        workspace_meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> tuple[float, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        _ = trajectory_id
+        repo_dir = self._repo_name(item)
+
+        # Training correctness: do not reward trajectories that never actually used tools.
+        if agent_result is not None and getattr(agent_result, "total_tool_calls", 0) <= 0:
+            print(
+                f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] tid={trajectory_id} verify (dataset_tests): no tool calls; score=0.0",
+                flush=True,
+            )
+            return 0.0, {
+                "verification_mode": "dataset_tests",
+                "error": "No tool calls were made by the agent",
+            }
+
+        nodeids = self._tests_for_item(item)
+        if not nodeids:
+            return 0.0, {"error": "No tests provided"}
+
+        print(f"[SweSmithOracleEnv] tid={trajectory_id} verify (dataset_tests): ensuring venv + deps", flush=True)
+        setup_cmd = (
+            f"cd {repo_dir} && "
+            "python -m venv .venv && "
+            ". .venv/bin/activate && "
+            "python -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel && "
+            "python -m pip install -e . && "
+            "python -m pip install pytest"
+        )
+        setup_res = await exec_tool(
+            ToolCall(name="terminal", arguments={"command": setup_cmd, "timeout": self.config.install_timeout_s})
+        )
+        verification_messages = [{"role": "user", "content": setup_res.to_xml()}]
+        if not setup_res.success:
+            return 0.0, {
+                "verification_mode": "dataset_tests",
+                "phase": "install",
+                "error": setup_res.error,
+                "output": setup_res.output,
+                "verification_messages": verification_messages,
+            }
+
+        chunks = self._chunk_nodeids(nodeids, max_per_chunk=50)
+        for chunk_idx, chunk in enumerate(chunks):
+            joined = " ".join(chunk)
+            cmd = f"cd {repo_dir} && . .venv/bin/activate && python -m pytest -q {joined}"
+            res = await exec_tool(
+                ToolCall(
+                    name="terminal",
+                    arguments={"command": cmd, "timeout": self.config.test_timeout_s},
+                )
+            )
+            verification_messages.append({"role": "user", "content": res.to_xml()})
+            if not res.success:
+                return 0.0, {
+                    "verification_mode": "dataset_tests",
+                    "phase": "pytest",
+                    "failed_chunk": chunk_idx,
+                    "error": res.error,
+                    "output": res.output,
+                    "verification_messages": verification_messages,
+                }
+
+        return 1.0, {"verification_mode": "dataset_tests", "passed": True, "verification_messages": verification_messages}
+
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        # Not used; scoring happens in verify_and_score_trajectory.
+        _ = (item, final_response)
+        return 0.0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    SweSmithOracleEnv.cli()

atropos/envs/test_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+"""
+Simple test environment for validating the atropos-agent setup.
+
+This environment uses a local OpenAI-compatible server for LLM testing to verify:
+- BaseEnv extension works correctly
+- API communication via OpenAI-compatible endpoint
+- Basic trajectory collection
+
+This is a minimal environment for testing, not production use.
+"""
+
+import os
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import (
+    APIServerConfig,
+    Item,
+)
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig
+from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+
+# Load environment variables from .env file
+load_dotenv()
+
+
+# Simple test prompts for validation
+TEST_PROMPTS = [
+    {
+        "prompt": "What is 2 + 2? Answer with just the number.",
+        "expected": "4",
+    },
+    {
+        "prompt": "What is the capital of France? Answer with just the city name.",
+        "expected": "Paris",
+    },
+    {
+        "prompt": "What color is the sky on a clear day? Answer with just the color.",
+        "expected": "Blue",
+    },
+    {
+        "prompt": "How many days are in a week? Answer with just the number.",
+        "expected": "7",
+    },
+    {
+        "prompt": "What is 10 * 5? Answer with just the number.",
+        "expected": "50",
+    },
+]
+
+SYSTEM_PROMPT = (
+    "You are a helpful assistant. Answer questions concisely and directly. "
+    "When asked for a simple answer, provide just that answer without explanation."
+)
+
+
+class SimpleTestEnvConfig(AgentEnvConfig):
+    """Configuration for the simple test environment."""
+
+    server_base_url: str = Field(
+        default="http://127.0.0.1:8080",
+        description="Base URL for an OpenAI-compatible server (without /v1)",
+    )
+    server_model: str = Field(
+        default="hermes-4-36b",
+        description="Model name",
+    )
+    tokenizer_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B", description="Tokenizer name for RL tokenization")
+
+
+class SimpleTestEnv(AgentEnv[SimpleTestEnvConfig]):
+    """
+    A simple test environment to validate the atropos-agent setup.
+    
+    Uses a local OpenAI-compatible LLM endpoint with basic question-answering tasks.
+    Scoring is based on whether the response contains the expected answer.
+    """
+
+    name = "simple_test_env"
+    env_config_cls = SimpleTestEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: SimpleTestEnvConfig,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self.iter = 0
+        self.test_prompts = TEST_PROMPTS
+        self.percent_correct_buffer: List[float] = []
+
+    @classmethod
+    def config_init(cls) -> Tuple[SimpleTestEnvConfig, List[APIServerConfig]]:
+        """
+        Initialize configuration with local server settings from environment variables.
+        """
+        base_url = (
+            os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("LLM_BASE_URL")
+            or "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+        )
+        model = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "hermes-4-36b"
+        api_key = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY") or os.getenv("NOUS_API_KEY") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") or "local"
+
+        env_config = SimpleTestEnvConfig(
+            tokenizer_name=os.getenv("ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME") or "NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B",
+            group_size=4,
+            use_wandb=False,  # Disable wandb for simple testing
+            rollout_server_url="http://localhost:8000",
+            total_steps=10,
+            batch_size=16,
+            steps_per_eval=5,
+            max_token_length=2048,
+            inference_weight=1.0,
+            wandb_name="simple_test",
+            server_base_url=base_url,
+            server_model=model,
+        )
+
+        # OpenAI-compatible servers typically expose chat completions at /v1.
+        server_configs = [
+            APIServerConfig(
+                model_name=model,
+                base_url=f"{base_url}/v1",
+                api_key=api_key,
+                num_max_requests_at_once=4,
+                num_requests_for_eval=8,
+                timeout=120,  # Local models may be slower
+            ),
+        ]
+
+        return env_config, server_configs
+
+    async def setup_agent_env(self):
+        """Setup the environment - load test data."""
+        print(f"SimpleTestEnv setup complete. {len(self.test_prompts)} test prompts loaded.")
+        print(f"Using server at: {self.config.server_base_url}")
+        print(f"Model: {self.config.server_model}")
+
+    async def get_next_item(self) -> Item:
+        """Get the next test prompt."""
+        item = self.test_prompts[self.iter % len(self.test_prompts)]
+        self.iter += 1
+        return item
+
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        return item["prompt"]
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=5,
+            temperature=0.7,
+            max_tokens=256,
+            system_prompt=SYSTEM_PROMPT,
+        )
+
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        expected = item["expected"].lower()
+        response_lower = (final_response or "").lower()
+        score = 1.0 if expected in response_lower else 0.0
+        self.percent_correct_buffer.append(score)
+        return score
+
+    async def evaluate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Simple evaluation - run through all test prompts once.
+        """
+        correct = 0
+        total = len(self.test_prompts)
+
+        for item in self.test_prompts:
+            messages = [
+                {"role": "system", "content": SYSTEM_PROMPT},
+                {"role": "user", "content": item["prompt"]},
+            ]
+
+            response = await self.server.chat_completion(
+                messages=messages,
+                n=1,
+                max_tokens=256,
+                temperature=0.0,  # Greedy for eval
+                split="eval",
+            )
+
+            response_text = response.choices[0].message.content or ""
+            expected = item["expected"].lower()
+
+            if expected in response_text.lower():
+                correct += 1
+
+        accuracy = correct / total
+        print(f"Evaluation: {correct}/{total} = {accuracy:.2%} accuracy")
+        return {"eval_accuracy": accuracy}
+
+    async def wandb_log(self, wandb_metrics: Optional[Dict] = None):
+        """Log metrics (simplified for testing)."""
+        if wandb_metrics is None:
+            wandb_metrics = {}
+
+        if self.percent_correct_buffer:
+            avg_correct = sum(self.percent_correct_buffer) / len(self.percent_correct_buffer)
+            wandb_metrics["train/percent_correct"] = avg_correct
+            print(f"Train accuracy: {avg_correct:.2%}")
+            self.percent_correct_buffer = []
+
+        await super().wandb_log(wandb_metrics)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # Allow running as CLI
+    SimpleTestEnv.cli()

atropos/envs/toolserver_smoke_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""
+ToolServer routing smoke environment.
+
+Validates that:
+  - sandbox tools run through Nomad SlotPool (terminal -> bash in sandbox)
+  - external tools run through ToolServer (skills_list)
+
+This env uses ToolServer in-process by default (`tool_server_url="inprocess"`),
+so it is self-contained for local testing.
+
+Run:
+  uv run python -m atropos.envs.toolserver_smoke_env process --env.use_wandb false --env.total_steps 1 --env.group_size 1
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Tuple
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from pydantic import Field
+
+from atroposlib.envs.base import APIServerConfig, Item
+
+from ..agent import AgentConfig, AgentResult
+from .agent_env import AgentEnv, AgentEnvConfig
+
+load_dotenv()
+
+
+class ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig(AgentEnvConfig):
+    server_base_url: str = Field(
+        default="http://127.0.0.1:8080",
+        description="Base URL for an OpenAI-compatible chat server (without /v1).",
+    )
+    server_model: str = Field(default="hermes-4-36b", description="Model name")
+    tokenizer_name: str = Field(default="NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B", description="Tokenizer name for RL tokenization")
+
+
+class ToolServerSmokeEnv(AgentEnv[ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig]):
+    name = "toolserver_smoke_env"
+    env_config_cls = ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig,
+        server_configs: List[APIServerConfig],
+        slurm: bool = False,
+        testing: bool = False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(config, server_configs, slurm, testing)
+        self._iter = 0
+
+    @classmethod
+    def config_init(cls) -> Tuple[ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig, List[APIServerConfig]]:
+        base_url = (
+            os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("OPENAI_BASE_URL")
+            or os.getenv("LLM_BASE_URL")
+            or "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
+        )
+        model = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "hermes-4-36b"
+        api_key = os.getenv("ATROPOS_SERVER_API_KEY") or os.getenv("NOUS_API_KEY") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") or "local"
+
+        env_config = ToolServerSmokeEnvConfig(
+            tokenizer_name=os.getenv("ATROPOS_TOKENIZER_NAME") or "NousResearch/Hermes-4.3-36B",
+            group_size=1,
+            use_wandb=False,
+            include_messages=True,
+            ensure_scores_are_not_same=False,
+            total_steps=1,
+            batch_size=1,
+            server_base_url=base_url,
+            server_model=model,
+            enabled_toolsets=["terminal", "skills"],
+            disabled_toolsets=[],
+            # Self-contained ToolServer for local smoke.
+            tool_server_url="inprocess",
+            sandbox_image=os.getenv("ATROPOS_SANDBOX_IMAGE") or "atropos-sandbox:local",
+            purge_job_on_start=True,
+            purge_job_on_shutdown=True,
+        )
+
+        server_configs = [
+            APIServerConfig(
+                model_name=model,
+                base_url=f"{base_url.rstrip('/')}/v1",
+                api_key=api_key,
+                num_max_requests_at_once=1,
+                num_requests_for_eval=1,
+                timeout=120,
+            )
+        ]
+        return env_config, server_configs
+
+    async def setup_agent_env(self) -> None:
+        return None
+
+    async def get_next_item(self) -> Item:
+        self._iter += 1
+        return {
+            "prompt": (
+                "You MUST call exactly one tool per assistant message.\n"
+                "\n"
+                "Step 1) Call the skills_list tool (no arguments), then stop.\n"
+                "Step 2) After you receive the tool response, call the terminal tool to run:\n"
+                "python -c \"print('ok')\"\n"
+                "Step 3) After you receive the terminal tool response, answer with just: ok\n"
+                "\n"
+                "Tool call format requirements:\n"
+                "- Every tool call MUST be a complete XML block with a closing tag.\n"
+                "- Do NOT emit a second <tool_call> in the same assistant message.\n"
+                "\n"
+                "Example:\n"
+                "<tool_call>{\"name\": \"skills_list\", \"arguments\": {}}</tool_call>\n"
+                "Do not include anything else in your final answer."
+            )
+        }
+
+    def build_task(self, item: Item) -> str:
+        return str(item.get("prompt") or "")
+
+    def build_agent_config(self, item: Item) -> AgentConfig:  # noqa: ARG002
+        return AgentConfig(
+            max_steps=min(10, int(self.config.agent_max_steps)),
+            temperature=0.2,
+            max_tokens=None,
+        )
+
+    async def score_trajectory(self, item: Item, final_response: str) -> float:
+        _ = (item, final_response)
+        return 0.0
+
+    async def verify_and_score_trajectory(
+        self,
+        item: Item,
+        final_response: str,
+        *,
+        trajectory_id: str,  # noqa: ARG002
+        exec_tool,  # noqa: ARG002
+        agent_result: AgentResult | None = None,
+        workspace_meta: Dict[str, Any] | None = None,  # noqa: ARG002
+    ) -> tuple[float, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        if agent_result is None:
+            return 0.0, {"error": "Missing agent_result"}
+
+        called = {c.name for s in agent_result.steps for c in s.tool_calls}
+        need = {"skills_list", "terminal"}
+        if not need.issubset(called):
+            return 0.0, {"error": f"Missing tool calls: {sorted(need - called)}", "called": sorted(called)}
+
+        terminal_ok = False
+        for step in agent_result.steps:
+            for call, res in zip(step.tool_calls, step.tool_results):
+                if call.name != "terminal":
+                    continue
+                if res.success and (res.output or "").strip().splitlines()[-1].strip() == "ok":
+                    terminal_ok = True
+
+        score = 1.0 if terminal_ok and (final_response or "").strip() == "ok" else 0.0
+        return score, {"called": sorted(called), "final": (final_response or "").strip()}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    ToolServerSmokeEnv.cli()

atropos/nomad/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+"""
+Nomad integration for atropos-agent.
+
+Provides:
+- NomadClient: Client for Nomad HTTP API
+- Job templates for sandbox containers
+"""
+
+from .client import NomadClient
+
+__all__ = ["NomadClient"]

atropos/nomad/client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
+"""
+Nomad API Client for atropos-agent.
+
+Provides a simple async client for interacting with the Nomad HTTP API:
+- Submit/stop jobs
+- Query allocations
+- Get allocation addresses
+- Scale jobs up/down
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+import aiohttp
+
+
+class AllocationStatus(Enum):
+    """Nomad allocation status."""
+    PENDING = "pending"
+    RUNNING = "running"
+    COMPLETE = "complete"
+    FAILED = "failed"
+    LOST = "lost"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Allocation:
+    """Information about a Nomad allocation."""
+    id: str
+    job_id: str
+    task_group: str
+    node_id: str
+    status: AllocationStatus
+    # Network info for reaching the allocation
+    address: Optional[str] = None
+    port: Optional[int] = None
+    
+    @property
+    def http_address(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get full HTTP address for the allocation."""
+        if self.address and self.port:
+            return f"http://{self.address}:{self.port}"
+        return None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class JobStatus:
+    """Status of a Nomad job."""
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    status: str
+    allocations: List[Allocation] = field(default_factory=list)
+    count: int = 0  # Number of task groups
+
+
+class NomadClient:
+    """
+    Async client for Nomad HTTP API.
+    
+    Usage:
+        client = NomadClient(address="http://localhost:4646")
+        
+        # Submit a job
+        await client.submit_job(job_spec)
+        
+        # Get allocations
+        allocs = await client.get_job_allocations("sandbox-python")
+        
+        # Scale job
+        await client.scale_job("sandbox-python", count=5)
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        address: str = "http://localhost:4646",
+        token: Optional[str] = None,
+        timeout: float = 30.0,
+    ):
+        self.address = address.rstrip("/")
+        self.token = token or os.environ.get("NOMAD_TOKEN")
+        self.timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=timeout)
+        self._session: Optional[aiohttp.ClientSession] = None
+    
+    async def _get_session(self) -> aiohttp.ClientSession:
+        """Get or create HTTP session."""
+        if self._session is None or self._session.closed:
+            headers = {}
+            if self.token:
+                headers["X-Nomad-Token"] = self.token
+            self._session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
+                timeout=self.timeout,
+                headers=headers,
+            )
+        return self._session
+    
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close the HTTP session."""
+        if self._session and not self._session.closed:
+            await self._session.close()
+    
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self
+    
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        await self.close()
+    
+    async def _request(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        path: str,
+        data: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Make an HTTP request to Nomad API."""
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{self.address}{path}"
+        
+        try:
+            async with session.request(method, url, json=data) as response:
+                if response.status == 404:
+                    return {"error": "not_found", "status": 404}
+                
+                text = await response.text()
+                if not text:
+                    return {"status": response.status}
+                
+                try:
+                    result = json.loads(text)
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    return {"text": text, "status": response.status}
+                
+                if response.status >= 400:
+                    return {"error": result, "status": response.status}
+                
+                return result if isinstance(result, dict) else {"data": result, "status": response.status}
+                
+        except aiohttp.ClientError as e:
+            return {"error": str(e), "status": 0}
+    
+    # Job Operations
+    
+    async def submit_job(self, job_spec: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Submit a job to Nomad.
+        
+        Args:
+            job_spec: Job specification dict (HCL converted to JSON)
+            
+        Returns:
+            Response with EvalID if successful
+        """
+        return await self._request("POST", "/v1/jobs", {"Job": job_spec})
+    
+    async def stop_job(self, job_id: str, purge: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Stop (and optionally purge) a job.
+        
+        Args:
+            job_id: Job identifier
+            purge: If True, completely remove the job
+        """
+        path = f"/v1/job/{job_id}"
+        if purge:
+            path += "?purge=true"
+        return await self._request("DELETE", path)
+    
+    async def get_job(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get job details."""
+        result = await self._request("GET", f"/v1/job/{job_id}")
+        if "error" in result and result.get("status") == 404:
+            return None
+        return result
+    
+    async def get_job_status(self, job_id: str) -> Optional[JobStatus]:
+        """Get job status with allocations."""
+        job = await self.get_job(job_id)
+        if not job:
+            return None
+        
+        allocs = await self.get_job_allocations(job_id)
+        
+        # Get count from task groups
+        count = 0
+        task_groups = job.get("TaskGroups", [])
+        for tg in task_groups:
+            count += tg.get("Count", 1)
+        
+        return JobStatus(
+            id=job_id,
+            name=job.get("Name", job_id),
+            status=job.get("Status", "unknown"),
+            allocations=allocs,
+            count=count,
+        )
+    
+    # Allocation Operations
+    
+    async def get_job_allocations(self, job_id: str) -> List[Allocation]:
+        """Get all allocations for a job."""
+        result = await self._request("GET", f"/v1/job/{job_id}/allocations")
+        
+        if "error" in result:
+            return []
+        
+        allocs_data = result.get("data", result) if isinstance(result, dict) else result
+        if not isinstance(allocs_data, list):
+            return []
+        
+        allocations = []
+        for alloc_data in allocs_data:
+            # Parse allocation info
+            alloc_id = alloc_data.get("ID", "")
+            status_str = alloc_data.get("ClientStatus", "unknown")
+            
+            try:
+                status = AllocationStatus(status_str)
+            except ValueError:
+                status = AllocationStatus.PENDING
+            
+            # Get network info - need to fetch detailed allocation for this
+            address = None
+            port = None
+            
+            # First try the summary data
+            resources = alloc_data.get("AllocatedResources") or {}
+            shared = resources.get("Shared") or {}
+            networks = shared.get("Networks") or []
+            
+            # If no networks in summary, fetch detailed allocation
+            if not networks and alloc_id:
+                detailed = await self.get_allocation(alloc_id)
+                if detailed:
+                    resources = detailed.get("AllocatedResources") or {}
+                    shared = resources.get("Shared") or {}
+                    networks = shared.get("Networks") or []
+            
+            if networks:
+                network = networks[0]
+                address = network.get("IP")
+                # Look for dynamic ports OR reserved ports (Singularity/raw_exec uses reserved)
+                dyn_ports = network.get("DynamicPorts") or []
+                reserved_ports = network.get("ReservedPorts") or []
+                for dp in dyn_ports + reserved_ports:
+                    if dp.get("Label") == "http":
+                        port = dp.get("Value")
+                        break
+            
+            allocations.append(Allocation(
+                id=alloc_id,
+                job_id=job_id,
+                task_group=alloc_data.get("TaskGroup", ""),
+                node_id=alloc_data.get("NodeID", ""),
+                status=status,
+                address=address,
+                port=port,
+            ))
+        
+        return allocations
+    
+    async def get_allocation(self, alloc_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get detailed allocation info."""
+        result = await self._request("GET", f"/v1/allocation/{alloc_id}")
+        if "error" in result and result.get("status") == 404:
+            return None
+        return result
+    
+    # Scaling Operations
+    
+    async def scale_job(self, job_id: str, count: int, task_group: str = "sandbox") -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Scale a job's task group to specified count.
+        
+        Args:
+            job_id: Job identifier
+            count: Desired number of allocations
+            task_group: Name of task group to scale
+        """
+        payload = {
+            "Count": count,
+            "Target": {
+                "Group": task_group,
+            },
+        }
+        return await self._request("POST", f"/v1/job/{job_id}/scale", payload)
+    
+    async def get_job_scale_status(self, job_id: str) -> Dict[str, int]:
+        """
+        Get current scale status for a job.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict mapping task group name to count
+        """
+        result = await self._request("GET", f"/v1/job/{job_id}/scale")
+        
+        if "error" in result:
+            return {}
+        
+        task_groups = result.get("TaskGroups", {})
+        return {
+            name: info.get("Running", 0)
+            for name, info in task_groups.items()
+        }
+    
+    # Health Check
+    
+    async def is_healthy(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if Nomad is reachable and healthy."""
+        try:
+            result = await self._request("GET", "/v1/status/leader")
+            return "error" not in result
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+    
+    async def get_leader(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get current Nomad leader address."""
+        result = await self._request("GET", "/v1/status/leader")
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and "data" in result:
+            return result["data"]
+        return None
+
+
+def load_job_template(
+    template_name: str = "sandbox",
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    Load and configure a job template.
+    
+    Args:
+        template_name: Name of template (e.g., "sandbox")
+        **kwargs: Template variables to substitute
+        
+    Returns:
+        Job specification dict ready for Nomad API
+    """
+    # Default job template for sandbox container
+    if template_name == "sandbox":
+        return create_sandbox_job(**kwargs)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unknown template: {template_name}")
+
+
+def create_sandbox_job(
+    job_id: str = "atropos-sandbox",
+    image: str = "atropos-sandbox:local",  # Use :local tag to avoid registry pull
+    count: int = 1,
+    slots_per_container: int = 10,
+    privileged: bool = False,
+    cpu: int = 500,
+    memory: int = 512,
+    port: int = 8080,
+    datacenter: str = "dc1",
+    driver: str = "docker",  # "docker" or "singularity"
+    singularity_image: str = None,  # Path to .sif file for singularity driver
+) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """
+    Create a sandbox job specification.
+    
+    This job runs the sandbox_server.py inside a container,
+    with the specified number of slots for agent workspaces.
+    
+    Args:
+        job_id: Unique job identifier
+        image: Docker image to use (for docker driver)
+        count: Number of container instances
+        slots_per_container: Number of slots per container
+        privileged: Run container in privileged mode (recommended for bubblewrap)
+        cpu: CPU allocation in MHz
+        memory: Memory allocation in MB
+        port: HTTP port for sandbox server
+        datacenter: Nomad datacenter
+        driver: Container driver - "docker" or "singularity"
+        singularity_image: Path to .sif file (required if driver="singularity")
+        
+    Returns:
+        Job specification dict
+    """
+    # Build task config based on driver
+    if driver == "singularity":
+        if not singularity_image:
+            raise ValueError("singularity_image path required when driver='singularity'")
+        
+        # Use raw_exec driver to run apptainer via shell for variable expansion
+        # The container binds the allocation directory for workspace persistence
+        # For raw_exec, we use static port since Nomad's dynamic port mapping doesn't
+        # work the same as Docker - the process runs directly on the host.
+        shell_cmd = (
+            f'apptainer run '
+            f'--bind "$NOMAD_ALLOC_DIR/data:/data" '
+            f'--pwd /app '
+            f'--env PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 '
+            f'{singularity_image} '
+            f'python sandbox_server.py '
+            f'--port {port} '
+            f'--slots {slots_per_container} '
+            f'--data-dir /data'
+        )
+        task_config = {
+            "command": "/bin/sh",
+            "args": ["-c", shell_cmd],
+        }
+        task_driver = "raw_exec"
+    else:
+        # Docker driver (default)
+        task_config = {
+            "image": image,
+            "force_pull": False,  # Use local image, don't try to pull
+            "ports": ["http"],
+            "privileged": privileged,
+            "command": "python",
+            "args": [
+                "sandbox_server.py",
+                "--port", str(port),
+                "--slots", str(slots_per_container),
+                "--data-dir", "/data",
+            ],
+            # Note: On Linux, you can mount persistent storage:
+            # "volumes": ["${NOMAD_ALLOC_DIR}/data:/data"],
+            # On macOS/Docker Desktop, skip volumes for PoC
+            # (container /data is ephemeral but works for testing)
+        }
+        task_driver = "docker"
+    
+    # For Singularity/raw_exec, use static ports since the process runs directly on host.
+    # For Docker, use dynamic ports with port mapping.
+    if driver == "singularity":
+        network_config = {
+            "Mode": "host",
+            "ReservedPorts": [
+                {
+                    "Label": "http",
+                    "Value": port,
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+    else:
+        network_config = {
+            "Mode": "host",
+            "DynamicPorts": [
+                {
+                    "Label": "http",
+                    "To": port,
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+    
+    return {
+        "ID": job_id,
+        "Name": job_id,
+        "Type": "service",
+        "Datacenters": [datacenter],
+        "TaskGroups": [
+            {
+                "Name": "sandbox",
+                "Count": count,
+                # Speed up deployments and avoid Consul checks. Without this, Nomad may
+                # keep an "active deployment" around for the default MinHealthyTime,
+                # which blocks immediate scaling under load.
+                "Update": {
+                    "HealthCheck": "task_states",
+                    "MinHealthyTime": 0,
+                },
+                "Networks": [network_config],
+                "Tasks": [
+                    {
+                        "Name": "sandbox-server",
+                        "Driver": task_driver,
+                        "Config": task_config,
+                        "Env": {
+                            "PYTHONUNBUFFERED": "1",
+                            "NOMAD_ALLOC_DIR": "${NOMAD_ALLOC_DIR}",
+                        },
+                        "Resources": {
+                            "CPU": cpu,
+                            "MemoryMB": memory,
+                        },
+                        # Note: Services with Checks require Consul, which we skip for the PoC
+                    }
+                ],
+                "RestartPolicy": {
+                    "Attempts": 3,
+                    "Interval": 300_000_000_000,  # 5 minutes
+                    "Delay": 10_000_000_000,     # 10 seconds
+                    "Mode": "delay",
+                },
+                "ReschedulePolicy": {
+                    "Attempts": 5,
+                    "Interval": 3600_000_000_000,  # 1 hour
+                    "Delay": 30_000_000_000,      # 30 seconds
+                    "DelayFunction": "exponential",
+                    "MaxDelay": 300_000_000_000,  # 5 minutes
+                    "Unlimited": False,
+                },
+            }
+        ],
+    }

atropos/slots/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""
+Slot-based multiplexing for atropos-agent.
+
+Provides:
+- Slot: Isolated workspace for a single trajectory
+- SlotPool: Manages slots across Nomad allocations  
+- SandboxExecutor: Executes tools in sandbox containers
+"""
+
+from .executor import SandboxExecutor
+from .pool import SlotPool, SlotPoolConfig
+from .slot import Slot, SlotState
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Slot",
+    "SlotState",
+    "SlotPool",
+    "SlotPoolConfig",
+    "SandboxExecutor",
+]

atropos/slots/executor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+"""
+SandboxExecutor - HTTP client for sandbox container communication.
+
+Sends tool execution requests to sandbox_server.py running inside Nomad containers.
+Supports single and batch execution for efficiency.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import uuid
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import aiohttp
+
+from .slot import Slot, SlotState
+from ..tools.base import ToolCall, ToolResult
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ExecutionRequest:
+    """Request to execute a tool in a slot."""
+    slot: Slot
+    tool_name: str
+    args: Dict[str, Any]
+    execution_id: str = field(default_factory=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    timeout: float = 30.0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ExecutionResult:
+    """Result from sandbox execution."""
+    success: bool
+    output: str = ""
+    error: str = ""
+    execution_id: str = ""
+    slot_id: str = ""
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    
+    def to_tool_result(self) -> ToolResult:
+        """Convert to ToolResult for agent consumption."""
+        return ToolResult(
+            success=self.success,
+            output=self.output,
+            error=self.error,
+            metadata=self.metadata,
+            uniq_id=self.execution_id,
+        )
+
+
+class SandboxExecutor:
+    """
+    HTTP client for executing tools in sandbox containers.
+    
+    Communicates with sandbox_server.py running inside Nomad allocations.
+    Supports both single execution and batched parallel execution.
+    
+    Usage:
+        executor = SandboxExecutor()
+        
+        # Single execution
+        result = await executor.execute(slot, "bash", {"command": "ls"})
+        
+        # Batch execution
+        results = await executor.execute_batch([
+            (slot1, "bash", {"command": "ls"}),
+            (slot2, "write_file", {"path": "test.txt", "content": "hello"}),
+        ])
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        timeout: float = 30.0,
+        max_retries: int = 3,
+        retry_delay: float = 1.0,
+    ):
+        self.timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=timeout)
+        self.max_retries = max_retries
+        self.retry_delay = retry_delay
+        self._session: Optional[aiohttp.ClientSession] = None
+    
+    async def _get_session(self) -> aiohttp.ClientSession:
+        """Get or create HTTP session."""
+        if self._session is None or self._session.closed:
+            self._session = aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=self.timeout)
+        return self._session
+    
+    async def close(self):
+        """Close HTTP session."""
+        if self._session and not self._session.closed:
+            await self._session.close()
+    
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self
+    
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        await self.close()
+    
+    async def execute(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        tool_name: str,
+        args: Dict[str, Any],
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """
+        Execute a tool in a slot's workspace.
+        
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot to execute in
+            tool_name: Name of tool (bash, read_file, write_file)
+            args: Tool arguments
+            timeout: Optional timeout override
+            
+        Returns:
+            ExecutionResult with output or error
+        """
+        execution_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        exec_timeout = timeout or self.timeout.total or 30.0
+        
+        # Mark slot as executing
+        original_state = slot.state
+        try:
+            if slot.state == SlotState.ACQUIRED:
+                slot.start_execution(execution_id)
+            
+            result = await self._send_execute_request(
+                container_addr=slot.container_addr,
+                slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                tool_name=tool_name,
+                args=args,
+                execution_id=execution_id,
+                timeout=exec_timeout,
+            )
+            result.slot_id = slot.slot_id
+            return result
+            
+        finally:
+            # Restore slot state
+            if slot.state == SlotState.EXECUTING:
+                slot.end_execution()
+    
+    async def _send_execute_request(
+        self,
+        container_addr: str,
+        slot_id: str,
+        tool_name: str,
+        args: Dict[str, Any],
+        execution_id: str,
+        timeout: float,
+    ) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """Send execution request to sandbox server with retry logic."""
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{container_addr}/execute"
+        
+        payload = {
+            "slot_id": slot_id,
+            "tool": tool_name,
+            "args": args,
+            "execution_id": execution_id,
+            "timeout": timeout,
+        }
+        
+        last_error = None
+        for attempt in range(self.max_retries):
+            try:
+                async with session.post(url, json=payload) as response:
+                    data = await response.json()
+                    
+                    return ExecutionResult(
+                        success=data.get("success", False),
+                        output=data.get("output", ""),
+                        error=data.get("error", ""),
+                        execution_id=data.get("execution_id", execution_id),
+                        metadata=data.get("metadata", {}),
+                    )
+                    
+            except aiohttp.ClientError as e:
+                last_error = str(e)
+                if attempt < self.max_retries - 1:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self.retry_delay * (attempt + 1))
+                continue
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                last_error = f"Request timed out after {timeout}s"
+                break
+            except Exception as e:
+                last_error = str(e)
+                break
+        
+        return ExecutionResult(
+            success=False,
+            error=f"Failed after {self.max_retries} attempts: {last_error}",
+            execution_id=execution_id,
+        )
+    
+    async def execute_batch(
+        self,
+        requests: List[Tuple[Slot, str, Dict[str, Any]]],
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> List[ExecutionResult]:
+        """
+        Execute multiple tools in parallel across slots.
+        
+        This is the key optimization - we batch tool calls to maximize
+        container utilization while agents are waiting for LLM responses.
+        
+        Args:
+            requests: List of (slot, tool_name, args) tuples
+            timeout: Optional timeout override
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of ExecutionResults in same order as requests
+        """
+        if not requests:
+            return []
+        
+        # Group requests by container address for batch API
+        by_container: Dict[str, List[Tuple[int, Slot, str, Dict[str, Any], str]]] = {}
+        
+        for idx, (slot, tool_name, args) in enumerate(requests):
+            execution_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+            container = slot.container_addr
+            
+            if container not in by_container:
+                by_container[container] = []
+            by_container[container].append((idx, slot, tool_name, args, execution_id))
+            
+            # Mark slots as executing
+            if slot.state == SlotState.ACQUIRED:
+                slot.start_execution(execution_id)
+        
+        # Execute batches in parallel
+        exec_timeout = timeout or self.timeout.total or 30.0
+        batch_tasks = []
+        
+        for container_addr, batch_requests in by_container.items():
+            task = self._send_batch_request(
+                container_addr=container_addr,
+                batch_requests=batch_requests,
+                timeout=exec_timeout,
+            )
+            batch_tasks.append(task)
+        
+        # Gather all batch results
+        batch_results = await asyncio.gather(*batch_tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        
+        # Collect results in original order
+        results: List[Optional[ExecutionResult]] = [None] * len(requests)
+        
+        for batch_result in batch_results:
+            if isinstance(batch_result, Exception):
+                # Mark all in this batch as failed
+                continue
+            
+            for idx, result in batch_result:
+                results[idx] = result
+        
+        # Fill in any missing results
+        for idx, result in enumerate(results):
+            if result is None:
+                slot, tool_name, args = requests[idx]
+                results[idx] = ExecutionResult(
+                    success=False,
+                    error="Batch execution failed",
+                    slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                )
+        
+        # End execution on all slots
+        for slot, _, _ in requests:
+            if slot.state == SlotState.EXECUTING:
+                slot.end_execution()
+        
+        return results  # type: ignore
+    
+    async def _send_batch_request(
+        self,
+        container_addr: str,
+        batch_requests: List[Tuple[int, Slot, str, Dict[str, Any], str]],
+        timeout: float,
+    ) -> List[Tuple[int, ExecutionResult]]:
+        """Send batch execution request to a single container."""
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{container_addr}/batch"
+        
+        # Build batch payload
+        payload = [
+            {
+                "slot_id": slot.slot_id,
+                "tool": tool_name,
+                "args": args,
+                "execution_id": execution_id,
+                "timeout": timeout,
+            }
+            for _, slot, tool_name, args, execution_id in batch_requests
+        ]
+        
+        try:
+            async with session.post(url, json=payload) as response:
+                data = await response.json()
+                
+                if not isinstance(data, list):
+                    raise ValueError(f"Expected list response, got {type(data)}")
+                
+                results = []
+                for i, (idx, slot, _, _, execution_id) in enumerate(batch_requests):
+                    if i < len(data):
+                        item = data[i]
+                        result = ExecutionResult(
+                            success=item.get("success", False),
+                            output=item.get("output", ""),
+                            error=item.get("error", ""),
+                            execution_id=item.get("execution_id", execution_id),
+                            slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                            metadata=item.get("metadata", {}),
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        result = ExecutionResult(
+                            success=False,
+                            error="Missing result in batch response",
+                            execution_id=execution_id,
+                            slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                        )
+                    results.append((idx, result))
+                
+                return results
+                
+        except Exception as e:
+            # Return error for all requests in batch
+            return [
+                (idx, ExecutionResult(
+                    success=False,
+                    error=str(e),
+                    execution_id=execution_id,
+                    slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                ))
+                for idx, slot, _, _, execution_id in batch_requests
+            ]
+    
+    async def reset_slot(self, slot: Slot) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """
+        Reset a slot's workspace (delete all files).
+        
+        Useful when reusing a slot for a new trajectory.
+        """
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{slot.container_addr}/reset"
+        
+        try:
+            async with session.post(url, json={"slot_id": slot.slot_id}) as response:
+                data = await response.json()
+                return ExecutionResult(
+                    success=data.get("success", False),
+                    output=data.get("output", ""),
+                    error=data.get("error", ""),
+                    slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+                )
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ExecutionResult(
+                success=False,
+                error=str(e),
+                slot_id=slot.slot_id,
+            )
+    
+    async def health_check(self, container_addr: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if a sandbox container is healthy."""
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{container_addr}/health"
+        
+        try:
+            async with session.get(url) as response:
+                data = await response.json()
+                return data.get("status") == "ok"
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+    
+    async def get_container_status(
+        self, 
+        container_addr: str
+    ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get status info from a sandbox container."""
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        url = f"{container_addr}/health"
+        
+        try:
+            async with session.get(url) as response:
+                return await response.json()
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Artifact helpers (optional)
+    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def _post_json(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        payload: Dict[str, Any],
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        session = await self._get_session()
+        try:
+            async with session.post(url, json=payload, timeout=timeout) as response:
+                data = await response.json()
+                if isinstance(data, dict):
+                    data.setdefault("http_status", response.status)
+                    return data
+                return {"success": False, "error": f"Unexpected response type: {type(data)}", "http_status": response.status}
+        except Exception as e:
+            return {"success": False, "error": str(e)}
+
+    async def read_artifact(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str,
+        *,
+        encoding: str = "text",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        include_sha256: bool = False,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        url = f"{slot.container_addr}/artifacts/read"
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {"slot_id": slot.slot_id, "path": path, "encoding": encoding, "include_sha256": include_sha256}
+        if max_bytes is not None:
+            payload["max_bytes"] = max_bytes
+        return await self._post_json(url, payload, timeout=timeout)
+
+    async def list_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        recursive: bool = False,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        url = f"{slot.container_addr}/artifacts/list"
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {"slot_id": slot.slot_id, "path": path, "recursive": recursive}
+        if max_entries is not None:
+            payload["max_entries"] = max_entries
+        return await self._post_json(url, payload, timeout=timeout)
+
+    async def archive_artifacts(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        path: str = ".",
+        *,
+        archive_format: str = "tar.gz",
+        max_bytes: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_entries: Optional[int] = None,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        url = f"{slot.container_addr}/artifacts/archive"
+        payload: Dict[str, Any] = {"slot_id": slot.slot_id, "path": path, "format": archive_format}
+        if max_bytes is not None:
+            payload["max_bytes"] = max_bytes
+        if max_entries is not None:
+            payload["max_entries"] = max_entries
+        return await self._post_json(url, payload, timeout=timeout)

atropos/slots/pool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,659 @@
+"""
+SlotPool - Manages slots across Nomad allocations.
+
+The SlotPool is the core abstraction for slot-based multiplexing:
+- Tracks available/acquired slots across containers
+- Handles slot acquisition and release
+- Auto-scales Nomad job count based on demand
+- Provides batched tool execution
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import os
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from ..nomad.client import (
+    Allocation,
+    AllocationStatus,
+    NomadClient,
+    create_sandbox_job,
+)
+from .executor import ExecutionResult, SandboxExecutor
+from .slot import Slot, SlotState, create_slots_for_allocation
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SlotPoolConfig:
+    """Configuration for SlotPool."""
+    
+    # Nomad settings
+    nomad_address: str = "http://localhost:4646"
+    job_id: str = "atropos-sandbox"
+    datacenter: str = "dc1"
+    
+    # Container settings
+    image: str = "atropos-sandbox:local"  # Use :local tag to avoid registry pull
+    slots_per_container: int = 10
+    privileged: bool = False
+    cpu: int = 500  # MHz
+    memory: int = 512  # MB
+    
+    # Driver selection: "docker" or "singularity"
+    driver: str = "docker"
+    # Path to .sif file for singularity driver (required if driver="singularity")
+    singularity_image: Optional[str] = None
+    
+    # Scaling settings
+    min_containers: int = 1
+    max_containers: int = 10
+    
+    # Timeouts
+    acquire_timeout: float = 30.0  # Seconds between acquire polls (also triggers scale-up attempts)
+    health_check_interval: float = 30.0  # Seconds between health checks
+    scale_cooldown: float = 60.0  # Seconds between scale operations
+
+    # Job lifecycle
+    purge_job_on_start: bool = False  # Purge any pre-existing job before starting (local dev/training friendly)
+
+    # Local Docker image convenience (macOS/Nomad dev mode)
+    auto_build_local_image: bool = True  # If image endswith :local and is missing, build it from the bundled Dockerfile.
+    dockerfile_path: Optional[str] = None  # Override Dockerfile path (default: Hermes-Agent/atropos/Dockerfile).
+    docker_build_context: Optional[str] = None  # Override build context (default: Hermes-Agent/atropos).
+
+
+class SlotPool:
+    """
+    Manages a pool of slots across Nomad allocations.
+    
+    The SlotPool:
+    - Deploys sandbox containers to Nomad
+    - Tracks slots across all running containers
+    - Handles slot acquisition/release
+    - Auto-scales based on demand
+    - Provides batched execution via SandboxExecutor
+    
+    Usage:
+        config = SlotPoolConfig(
+            nomad_address="http://localhost:4646",
+            job_id="my-sandbox",
+            slots_per_container=10,
+        )
+        
+        pool = SlotPool(config)
+        await pool.start()
+        
+        # Acquire a slot
+        slot = await pool.acquire()
+        
+        # Execute tool
+        result = await pool.execute(slot, "bash", {"command": "ls"})
+        
+        # Release slot
+        await pool.release(slot)
+        
+        # Shutdown
+        await pool.stop()
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, config: Optional[SlotPoolConfig] = None):
+        self.config = config or SlotPoolConfig()
+        
+        # Nomad client
+        self.nomad = NomadClient(address=self.config.nomad_address)
+        
+        # Sandbox executor for tool execution
+        self.executor = SandboxExecutor()
+        
+        # Slot tracking
+        self._slots: Dict[str, Slot] = {}  # slot_key -> Slot
+        self._available_queue: asyncio.Queue[str] = asyncio.Queue()
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        self._scale_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        
+        # State
+        self._started = False
+        self._health_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self._scale_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self._last_scale_time = 0.0
+
+    def _default_dockerfile_path(self) -> Path:
+        # Hermes-Agent/atropos/Dockerfile lives next to this module in source checkouts.
+        return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / "Dockerfile"
+
+    def _default_build_context(self) -> Path:
+        return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+    def _docker_image_exists(self, image: str) -> bool:
+        try:
+            proc = subprocess.run(
+                ["docker", "image", "inspect", image],
+                stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+                stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+                check=False,
+                env={**os.environ, "DOCKER_CLI_HINTS": "false"},
+            )
+            return proc.returncode == 0
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return False
+
+    def _try_build_local_image(self, image: str) -> None:
+        dockerfile = Path(self.config.dockerfile_path) if self.config.dockerfile_path else self._default_dockerfile_path()
+        context = Path(self.config.docker_build_context) if self.config.docker_build_context else self._default_build_context()
+
+        if not dockerfile.exists():
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Sandbox Dockerfile not found at {dockerfile}. "
+                "Build the sandbox image manually or set --env.purge_job_on_start false and provide a non-local image."
+            )
+        if not context.exists():
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Docker build context not found at {context}")
+
+        # Prefer buildx+--load to ensure the image ends up in the local daemon (required by Nomad's docker driver).
+        buildx_cmd = [
+            "docker",
+            "buildx",
+            "build",
+            "--load",
+            "-t",
+            image,
+            "-f",
+            str(dockerfile),
+            str(context),
+        ]
+        proc = subprocess.run(buildx_cmd, check=False, env={**os.environ, "DOCKER_CLI_HINTS": "false"})
+        if proc.returncode == 0:
+            return
+
+        # Fallback to classic docker build if buildx isn't available.
+        build_cmd = ["docker", "build", "-t", image, "-f", str(dockerfile), str(context)]
+        proc2 = subprocess.run(build_cmd, check=False, env={**os.environ, "DOCKER_CLI_HINTS": "false"})
+        if proc2.returncode != 0:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Failed to build local sandbox image {image}. "
+                f"Tried: {' '.join(buildx_cmd)} and {' '.join(build_cmd)}"
+            )
+
+    def _ensure_local_image(self) -> None:
+        image = (self.config.image or "").strip()
+        if not image.endswith(":local"):
+            return
+        if not self.config.auto_build_local_image:
+            return
+
+        if self._docker_image_exists(image):
+            return
+
+        logger.info(f"Local sandbox image {image} not found; building it now...")
+        self._try_build_local_image(image)
+
+    def _slot_key(self, alloc_id: str, slot_id: str) -> str:
+        """Generate unique key for a slot."""
+        return f"{alloc_id}:{slot_id}"
+    
+    @property
+    def total_slots(self) -> int:
+        """Total number of slots in pool."""
+        return len(self._slots)
+    
+    @property
+    def available_slots(self) -> int:
+        """Number of available slots."""
+        return sum(1 for s in self._slots.values() if s.is_available)
+    
+    @property
+    def acquired_slots(self) -> int:
+        """Number of acquired slots."""
+        return sum(1 for s in self._slots.values() if s.is_acquired)
+    
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Start the slot pool.
+        
+        - Checks if Nomad is healthy
+        - Deploys sandbox job if not running
+        - Discovers existing allocations
+        - Starts health check background task
+        """
+        if self._started:
+            return
+        
+        logger.info(f"Starting SlotPool (job_id={self.config.job_id})")
+
+        try:
+            # Make sure local sandbox images exist before Nomad tries to pull them.
+            # This is a common footgun in macOS dev mode with :local tags.
+            self._ensure_local_image()
+
+            # Check Nomad health
+            if not await self.nomad.is_healthy():
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Nomad is not reachable at {self.config.nomad_address}")
+
+            if self.config.purge_job_on_start:
+                logger.info(f"Purging any existing Nomad job: {self.config.job_id}")
+                await self.nomad.stop_job(self.config.job_id, purge=True)
+
+            # Check if job exists (after optional purge)
+            job = await self.nomad.get_job(self.config.job_id)
+
+            if job is None:
+                # Deploy new job
+                logger.info(f"Deploying sandbox job: {self.config.job_id} (driver={self.config.driver})")
+                job_spec = create_sandbox_job(
+                    job_id=self.config.job_id,
+                    image=self.config.image,
+                    count=self.config.min_containers,
+                    slots_per_container=self.config.slots_per_container,
+                    privileged=self.config.privileged,
+                    cpu=self.config.cpu,
+                    memory=self.config.memory,
+                    datacenter=self.config.datacenter,
+                    driver=self.config.driver,
+                    singularity_image=self.config.singularity_image,
+                )
+                result = await self.nomad.submit_job(job_spec)
+                if "error" in result:
+                    raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to submit job: {result}")
+
+            # Wait for allocations to be running (even if the job already existed).
+            await self._wait_for_healthy_allocations(self.config.min_containers)
+
+            # Discover existing allocations and slots
+            await self._refresh_slots()
+
+            # Start health check task
+            self._health_task = asyncio.create_task(self._health_check_loop())
+
+            self._started = True
+            logger.info(f"SlotPool started: {self.total_slots} slots available")
+        except Exception:
+            # Ensure aiohttp sessions are not leaked if we fail to start.
+            await self.stop(purge_job=False)
+            raise
+    
+    async def stop(self, purge_job: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Stop the slot pool.
+        
+        Args:
+            purge_job: If True, also stop the Nomad job
+        """
+        logger.info("Stopping SlotPool")
+
+        # Cancel health check task
+        if self._health_task:
+            self._health_task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._health_task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+            finally:
+                self._health_task = None
+
+        if self._scale_task:
+            self._scale_task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._scale_task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+            finally:
+                self._scale_task = None
+
+        # Optionally stop the job (do this even if start() never completed).
+        if purge_job:
+            logger.info(f"Stopping Nomad job: {self.config.job_id}")
+            await self.nomad.stop_job(self.config.job_id, purge=True)
+
+        # Close connections
+        await self.executor.close()
+        await self.nomad.close()
+
+        self._started = False
+        self._slots.clear()
+
+        # Clear the queue
+        while not self._available_queue.empty():
+            try:
+                self._available_queue.get_nowait()
+            except asyncio.QueueEmpty:
+                break
+    
+    async def acquire(self, trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Slot:
+        """
+        Acquire an available slot.
+        
+        If no slots are available, waits up to acquire_timeout seconds.
+        If still no slots, attempts to scale up.
+        
+        Args:
+            trajectory_id: Optional ID of trajectory acquiring the slot
+            
+        Returns:
+            Acquired Slot
+            
+        Raises:
+            asyncio.TimeoutError: If no slot becomes available
+        """
+        if not self._started:
+            raise RuntimeError("SlotPool not started")
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                # Try to get an available slot
+                slot_key = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    self._available_queue.get(),
+                    timeout=self.config.acquire_timeout,
+                )
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                # Try to scale up, but keep waiting even if scaling isn't possible.
+                # In practice, slots may become available shortly (e.g. contention),
+                # and scaling may be temporarily blocked by Nomad deployments.
+                await self._try_scale_up()
+                continue
+
+            slot = self._slots.get(slot_key)
+            if slot is None:
+                # Slot was removed; discard stale queue entry and retry.
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                slot.acquire(trajectory_id)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                # Slot isn't actually available (e.g. duplicate queue entry); retry.
+                continue
+
+            logger.debug(f"Acquired slot {slot.slot_id} (alloc={slot.alloc_id[:8]})")
+            return slot
+    
+    async def release(self, slot: Slot, reset_workspace: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Release a slot back to the pool.
+        
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot to release
+            reset_workspace: If True, clear the workspace files
+        """
+        slot_key = self._slot_key(slot.alloc_id, slot.slot_id)
+        
+        if slot_key not in self._slots:
+            logger.warning(f"Releasing unknown slot: {slot_key}")
+            return
+        
+        # Optionally reset workspace
+        if reset_workspace:
+            await self.executor.reset_slot(slot)
+        
+        slot.release()
+        await self._available_queue.put(slot_key)
+        
+        logger.debug(f"Released slot {slot.slot_id}")
+    
+    async def execute(
+        self,
+        slot: Slot,
+        tool_name: str,
+        args: Dict[str, Any],
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """
+        Execute a tool in a slot's workspace.
+        
+        Args:
+            slot: Slot to execute in
+            tool_name: Name of tool (bash, read_file, write_file)
+            args: Tool arguments
+            timeout: Optional timeout override
+            
+        Returns:
+            ExecutionResult
+        """
+        return await self.executor.execute(slot, tool_name, args, timeout)
+    
+    async def execute_batch(
+        self,
+        requests: List[Tuple[Slot, str, Dict[str, Any]]],
+        timeout: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> List[ExecutionResult]:
+        """
+        Execute multiple tools in parallel.
+        
+        This is the key optimization - batch execution across multiple slots
+        maximizes container utilization.
+        
+        Args:
+            requests: List of (slot, tool_name, args) tuples
+            timeout: Optional timeout override
+            
+        Returns:
+            List of ExecutionResults in same order
+        """
+        return await self.executor.execute_batch(requests, timeout)
+    
+    async def _refresh_slots(self) -> None:
+        """Refresh slot inventory from Nomad allocations."""
+        async with self._lock:
+            allocs = await self.nomad.get_job_allocations(self.config.job_id)
+            
+            # Track which slots we've seen
+            seen_keys = set()
+            
+            for alloc in allocs:
+                if alloc.status != AllocationStatus.RUNNING:
+                    continue
+                
+                if not alloc.http_address:
+                    continue
+                
+                # Check container health
+                healthy = await self.executor.health_check(alloc.http_address)
+                if not healthy:
+                    continue
+                
+                # Create slots for this allocation
+                for i in range(self.config.slots_per_container):
+                    slot_id = f"slot_{i}"
+                    slot_key = self._slot_key(alloc.id, slot_id)
+                    seen_keys.add(slot_key)
+                    
+                    if slot_key not in self._slots:
+                        # New slot
+                        slot = Slot(
+                            slot_id=slot_id,
+                            alloc_id=alloc.id,
+                            container_addr=alloc.http_address,
+                        )
+                        self._slots[slot_key] = slot
+                        await self._available_queue.put(slot_key)
+                        logger.debug(f"Added slot: {slot_key}")
+            
+            # Remove slots from dead allocations
+            for slot_key in list(self._slots.keys()):
+                if slot_key not in seen_keys:
+                    slot = self._slots.pop(slot_key)
+                    logger.debug(f"Removed slot: {slot_key}")
+    
+    async def _wait_for_healthy_allocations(
+        self, 
+        min_count: int, 
+        timeout: float = 120.0
+    ) -> None:
+        """Wait for allocations to become healthy."""
+        import time
+        start = time.time()
+
+        def _summarize_alloc_detail(detail: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+            task_states = detail.get("TaskStates") or {}
+            parts: List[str] = []
+            if isinstance(task_states, dict):
+                for task_name, st in task_states.items():
+                    events = (st or {}).get("Events") or []
+                    if isinstance(events, list) and events:
+                        # Include a few recent events; the latest can be a generic restart message
+                        # while the true root cause is slightly earlier (e.g. image pull failure).
+                        recent = events[-3:]
+                        msgs: List[str] = []
+                        for ev in recent:
+                            desc = ev.get("DisplayMessage") or ev.get("Message") or ev.get("Type") or ""
+                            if desc:
+                                msgs.append(desc)
+                        if msgs:
+                            parts.append(f"{task_name}: " + " | ".join(msgs))
+            return "; ".join(parts)
+
+        def _alloc_events_lower(detail: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+            task_states = detail.get("TaskStates") or {}
+            texts: List[str] = []
+            if isinstance(task_states, dict):
+                for _task_name, st in task_states.items():
+                    events = (st or {}).get("Events") or []
+                    if isinstance(events, list):
+                        for ev in events[-10:]:
+                            desc = ev.get("DisplayMessage") or ev.get("Message") or ev.get("Type") or ""
+                            if desc:
+                                texts.append(desc)
+            return " ".join(texts).lower()
+        
+        while time.time() - start < timeout:
+            allocs = await self.nomad.get_job_allocations(self.config.job_id)
+            
+            healthy_count = 0
+            for alloc in allocs:
+                if alloc.status == AllocationStatus.RUNNING and alloc.http_address:
+                    if await self.executor.health_check(alloc.http_address):
+                        healthy_count += 1
+
+                # Fast-fail on obvious driver/image errors to avoid waiting out the full timeout.
+                if alloc.id:
+                    detail = await self.nomad.get_allocation(alloc.id)
+                    if isinstance(detail, dict):
+                        summary = _summarize_alloc_detail(detail)
+                        lowered = _alloc_events_lower(detail) or summary.lower()
+                        if "failed to pull" in lowered or "pull access denied" in lowered:
+                            raise RuntimeError(
+                                "Nomad allocation failed to start due to a Docker image pull error. "
+                                f"Allocation {alloc.id[:8]}: {summary}\n"
+                                "If you're using a local image tag (e.g. `atropos-sandbox:local`) on macOS, "
+                                "make sure the image is loaded into Docker, e.g.:\n"
+                                "  docker buildx build --load -t atropos-sandbox:local -f Hermes-Agent/atropos/Dockerfile Hermes-Agent/atropos"
+                            )
+                        if "exceeded allowed attempts" in lowered:
+                            raise RuntimeError(
+                                "Nomad allocation is crash-looping and has entered restart backoff. "
+                                f"Allocation {alloc.id[:8]}: {summary}\n"
+                                "Inspect logs with:\n"
+                                f"  nomad alloc logs -stderr -task sandbox-server {alloc.id}\n"
+                                "Common causes include: missing local Docker image tag, container entrypoint error, "
+                                "or sandbox-server startup failure."
+                            )
+            
+            if healthy_count >= min_count:
+                return
+            
+            await asyncio.sleep(2.0)
+
+        # Timed out: include allocation status detail to help debugging.
+        allocs = await self.nomad.get_job_allocations(self.config.job_id)
+        alloc_lines: List[str] = []
+        for alloc in allocs[:10]:
+            addr = alloc.http_address or "-"
+            line = f"{alloc.id[:8]} status={alloc.status.value} http={addr}"
+            detail = await self.nomad.get_allocation(alloc.id)
+            if isinstance(detail, dict):
+                summary = _summarize_alloc_detail(detail)
+                if summary:
+                    line += f" detail={summary}"
+            alloc_lines.append(line)
+
+        hint = (
+            "Timed out waiting for healthy sandbox allocations.\n"
+            f"Job: {self.config.job_id}, desired_healthy: {min_count}\n"
+            "Allocations:\n  - " + "\n  - ".join(alloc_lines)
+        )
+        raise RuntimeError(hint)
+    
+    async def _try_scale_up(self) -> bool:
+        """Attempt to scale up the job."""
+        import time
+
+        async with self._scale_lock:
+            # Check cooldown
+            if time.time() - self._last_scale_time < self.config.scale_cooldown:
+                return False
+
+            # Check max containers
+            status = await self.nomad.get_job_status(self.config.job_id)
+            if status is None:
+                return False
+
+            current_count = status.count
+            if current_count >= self.config.max_containers:
+                logger.warning(f"Cannot scale up: already at max ({self.config.max_containers})")
+                return False
+
+            # Scale up
+            new_count = min(current_count + 1, self.config.max_containers)
+            logger.info(f"Scaling up from {current_count} to {new_count} containers")
+
+            scale_resp = await self.nomad.scale_job(
+                self.config.job_id,
+                count=new_count,
+                task_group="sandbox",
+            )
+
+            # Nomad may return non-JSON errors (e.g. plain text) with a status field.
+            if isinstance(scale_resp, dict) and scale_resp.get("status", 200) >= 400:
+                logger.warning(f"Scale request rejected: {scale_resp}")
+                self._last_scale_time = time.time()
+                return False
+
+            self._last_scale_time = time.time()
+
+            # Wait for new allocation in the background so contended acquires can still
+            # make progress (e.g. by grabbing slots released by other trajectories).
+            if self._scale_task is None or self._scale_task.done():
+                self._scale_task = asyncio.create_task(self._wait_for_scale(new_count))
+
+            return True
+
+    async def _wait_for_scale(self, desired_count: int) -> None:
+        try:
+            await self._wait_for_healthy_allocations(desired_count, timeout=60.0)
+            await self._refresh_slots()
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to scale up: {e}")
+    
+    async def _health_check_loop(self) -> None:
+        """Background task to monitor container health."""
+        while True:
+            try:
+                await asyncio.sleep(self.config.health_check_interval)
+                await self._refresh_slots()
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                break
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error(f"Health check error: {e}")
+    
+    def get_stats(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get pool statistics."""
+        slots_by_state = {}
+        for slot in self._slots.values():
+            state = slot.state.value
+            slots_by_state[state] = slots_by_state.get(state, 0) + 1
+
+        container_count = len({s.alloc_id for s in self._slots.values()}) if self._slots else 0
+        
+        return {
+            "total_slots": self.total_slots,
+            "available_slots": self.available_slots,
+            "acquired_slots": self.acquired_slots,
+            "containers": container_count,
+            "slots_by_state": slots_by_state,
+            "started": self._started,
+        }

atropos/slots/slot.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""
+Slot abstraction for atropos-agent.
+
+A Slot represents an isolated workspace for a single agent trajectory.
+Slots are hosted on Nomad allocations and provide workspace isolation
+via filesystem directories.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+import uuid
+
+
+class SlotState(Enum):
+    """State of a slot in the pool."""
+    AVAILABLE = "available"      # Ready to be acquired
+    ACQUIRED = "acquired"        # Assigned to a trajectory
+    EXECUTING = "executing"      # Currently executing a tool
+    RELEASING = "releasing"      # Being released back to pool
+    ERROR = "error"              # In error state
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Slot:
+    """
+    An isolated workspace for a single agent trajectory.
+    
+    Slots are the unit of scheduling - each trajectory runs in its own slot,
+    with an isolated workspace directory. Multiple slots share a container.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        slot_id: Unique identifier for this slot (e.g., "slot_0")
+        alloc_id: Nomad allocation ID hosting this slot
+        container_addr: HTTP address of the sandbox server (e.g., "http://10.0.0.1:8080")
+        workspace_dir: Path to workspace in container (e.g., "/data/slot_0")
+        state: Current state of the slot
+        trajectory_id: ID of trajectory currently using this slot (if acquired)
+        metadata: Additional metadata
+    """
+    slot_id: str
+    alloc_id: str
+    container_addr: str
+    workspace_dir: str = ""
+    state: SlotState = SlotState.AVAILABLE
+    trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    
+    def __post_init__(self):
+        """Set default workspace_dir if not provided."""
+        if not self.workspace_dir:
+            self.workspace_dir = f"/data/{self.slot_id}"
+    
+    @property
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if slot is available for acquisition."""
+        return self.state == SlotState.AVAILABLE
+    
+    @property
+    def is_acquired(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if slot is currently acquired."""
+        return self.state in (SlotState.ACQUIRED, SlotState.EXECUTING)
+    
+    def acquire(self, trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Mark slot as acquired by a trajectory.
+        
+        Args:
+            trajectory_id: Optional ID of acquiring trajectory
+        """
+        if not self.is_available:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Cannot acquire slot {self.slot_id}: state is {self.state}")
+        
+        self.state = SlotState.ACQUIRED
+        self.trajectory_id = trajectory_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+    
+    def start_execution(self, execution_id: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Mark slot as executing."""
+        if self.state != SlotState.ACQUIRED:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Cannot start execution on slot {self.slot_id}: state is {self.state}")
+        
+        self.state = SlotState.EXECUTING
+        if execution_id:
+            self.metadata["current_execution_id"] = execution_id
+    
+    def end_execution(self) -> None:
+        """Mark execution as complete, return to acquired state."""
+        if self.state != SlotState.EXECUTING:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Cannot end execution on slot {self.slot_id}: state is {self.state}")
+        
+        self.state = SlotState.ACQUIRED
+        self.metadata.pop("current_execution_id", None)
+    
+    def release(self) -> None:
+        """Release slot back to available state."""
+        self.state = SlotState.AVAILABLE
+        self.trajectory_id = None
+        self.metadata.pop("current_execution_id", None)
+    
+    def mark_error(self, error: str) -> None:
+        """Mark slot as in error state."""
+        self.state = SlotState.ERROR
+        self.metadata["error"] = error
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to dictionary for serialization."""
+        return {
+            "slot_id": self.slot_id,
+            "alloc_id": self.alloc_id,
+            "container_addr": self.container_addr,
+            "workspace_dir": self.workspace_dir,
+            "state": self.state.value,
+            "trajectory_id": self.trajectory_id,
+            "metadata": self.metadata,
+        }
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> "Slot":
+        """Create from dictionary."""
+        return cls(
+            slot_id=data["slot_id"],
+            alloc_id=data["alloc_id"],
+            container_addr=data["container_addr"],
+            workspace_dir=data.get("workspace_dir", ""),
+            state=SlotState(data.get("state", "available")),
+            trajectory_id=data.get("trajectory_id"),
+            metadata=data.get("metadata", {}),
+        )
+    
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Slot({self.slot_id}, state={self.state.value}, alloc={self.alloc_id[:8]}...)"
+
+
+def create_slots_for_allocation(
+    alloc_id: str,
+    container_addr: str,
+    num_slots: int = 10,
+) -> list["Slot"]:
+    """
+    Create slots for a Nomad allocation.
+    
+    Args:
+        alloc_id: Nomad allocation ID
+        container_addr: HTTP address of sandbox server
+        num_slots: Number of slots to create
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of Slot objects
+    """
+    slots = []
+    for i in range(num_slots):
+        slot_id = f"slot_{i}"
+        slots.append(Slot(
+            slot_id=slot_id,
+            alloc_id=alloc_id,
+            container_addr=container_addr,
+            workspace_dir=f"/data/{slot_id}",
+        ))
+    return slots

atropos/terminal/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""Terminal helpers for stateful sandbox interactions."""
+

atropos/terminal/asciinema_stream.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+import pyte
+
+
+class AsciinemaStreamDecoder:
+    def __init__(self, *, default_width: int = 80, default_height: int = 24) -> None:
+        self._default_width = max(1, int(default_width))
+        self._default_height = max(1, int(default_height))
+        self._buffer = ""
+        self._has_header = False
+        self.width = self._default_width
+        self.height = self._default_height
+        self._screen = pyte.Screen(self.width, self.height)
+        self._stream = pyte.Stream(self._screen)
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self._buffer = ""
+        self._has_header = False
+        self.width = self._default_width
+        self.height = self._default_height
+        self._screen = pyte.Screen(self.width, self.height)
+        self._stream = pyte.Stream(self._screen)
+
+    def feed(self, chunk: str | bytes) -> None:
+        if not chunk:
+            return
+        if isinstance(chunk, bytes):
+            chunk = chunk.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+        self._buffer += chunk
+        while True:
+            line, sep, rest = self._buffer.partition("\n")
+            if not sep:
+                break
+            self._buffer = rest
+            line = line.strip()
+            if not line:
+                continue
+            parsed = self._parse_json_line(line)
+            if parsed is None:
+                continue
+            if not self._has_header:
+                if isinstance(parsed, dict):
+                    self._init_from_header(parsed)
+                    continue
+                if isinstance(parsed, list):
+                    self._has_header = True
+                    self._apply_event(parsed)
+                    continue
+                continue
+            if isinstance(parsed, list):
+                self._apply_event(parsed)
+
+    def render(self) -> str:
+        return "\n".join(self._screen.display)
+
+    def _parse_json_line(self, line: str) -> Any | None:
+        try:
+            return json.loads(line)
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            return None
+
+    def _init_from_header(self, header: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        width = _coerce_int(
+            header.get("width") or header.get("columns") or header.get("cols"),
+            self._default_width,
+        )
+        height = _coerce_int(
+            header.get("height") or header.get("rows") or header.get("lines"),
+            self._default_height,
+        )
+        self.width = max(1, width)
+        self.height = max(1, height)
+        self._screen = pyte.Screen(self.width, self.height)
+        self._stream = pyte.Stream(self._screen)
+        self._has_header = True
+
+    def _apply_event(self, event: list[Any]) -> None:
+        if len(event) < 2:
+            return
+        event_type = event[1]
+        payload = event[2] if len(event) > 2 else ""
+        if event_type == "o":
+            if isinstance(payload, str):
+                self._stream.feed(payload)
+        elif event_type == "r":
+            width, height = _parse_resize(payload)
+            if width and height:
+                self.width = width
+                self.height = height
+                self._screen.resize(width, height)
+
+
+def _coerce_int(value: Any, default: int) -> int:
+    try:
+        return int(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return int(default)
+
+
+def _parse_resize(payload: Any) -> tuple[int, int]:
+    if isinstance(payload, str) and "x" in payload:
+        left, right = payload.lower().split("x", 1)
+        return _coerce_int(left, 0), _coerce_int(right, 0)
+    if isinstance(payload, dict):
+        width = _coerce_int(payload.get("width") or payload.get("columns") or payload.get("cols"), 0)
+        height = _coerce_int(payload.get("height") or payload.get("rows") or payload.get("lines"), 0)
+        return width, height
+    if isinstance(payload, list) and len(payload) >= 2:
+        return _coerce_int(payload[0], 0), _coerce_int(payload[1], 0)
+    return 0, 0
+

atropos/tools/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""
+Tool abstractions for atropos-agent.
+
+Provides base Tool class, ToolCall/ToolResult types, and specialized tools.
+
+Kept modules:
+- base.py: ToolSchema, ToolCall, ToolResult, Tool ABC, ToolRegistry
+- tool_executor.py: Batched execution queue with slot routing
+- terminal_stateful_tool.py: Persistent terminal sessions
+- tmux_tool.py: Tmux-based streaming terminal
+
+Removed (replaced by hermes-agent equivalents):
+- build_registry.py → model_tools.py + toolsets.py
+- sandbox_stubs.py → atropos/backends/ execute() methods
+- hermes_external_tools.py → environments/agent_loop.py handle_function_call()
+- toolset_resolver.py → toolsets.py
+"""
+
+from .base import Tool, ToolCall, ToolRegistry, ToolResult, ToolSchema
+from .terminal_stateful_tool import TerminalStatefulTool
+from .tmux_tool import TmuxTool
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Tool",
+    "ToolCall",
+    "ToolRegistry",
+    "ToolResult",
+    "ToolSchema",
+    "TerminalStatefulTool",
+    "TmuxTool",
+]

atropos/tools/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+"""
+Base Tool abstraction for atropos-agent.
+
+Tools follow a simple pattern:
+1. Define schema (name, description, parameters)
+2. Implement execute() method
+3. Return ToolResult with output/error
+
+Tool calls use Hermes-style XML tags:
+<tool_call>{"name": "bash", "arguments": {"command": "ls"}}</tool_call>
+"""
+
+import json
+import re
+import uuid
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Literal, Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ToolSchema:
+    """JSON Schema for a tool's parameters."""
+    
+    name: str
+    description: str
+    parameters: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    required: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    external: bool = False  # Whether the tool must be executed via an external ToolServer (secret proxy) and not inside the sandbox.
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to OpenAI-compatible function schema."""
+        return {
+            "type": "function",
+            "function": {
+                "name": self.name,
+                "description": self.description,
+                "parameters": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "properties": self.parameters,
+                    "required": self.required,
+                },
+            },
+        }
+    
+    def to_prompt_description(self) -> str:
+        """Convert to human-readable description for system prompt."""
+        params_desc = []
+        for name, spec in self.parameters.items():
+            req = "(required)" if name in self.required else "(optional)"
+            desc = spec.get("description", "")
+            param_type = spec.get("type", "string")
+            params_desc.append(f"  - {name} ({param_type}) {req}: {desc}")
+        
+        params_str = "\n".join(params_desc) if params_desc else "  (no parameters)"
+        return f"**{self.name}**: {self.description}\nParameters:\n{params_str}"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ToolCall:
+    """A parsed tool call from model output."""
+    
+    name: str
+    arguments: Dict[str, Any]
+    raw_text: str = ""  # Original XML/JSON text
+    uniq_id: str = field(default_factory=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))  # Unique tool-call id for traceability/reconstruction.
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_from_text(cls, text: str) -> List["ToolCall"]:
+        """
+        Extract tool calls from text using Hermes-style XML tags.
+        
+        Supported formats (STRICT: requires well-formed closing tags):
+        - Hermes JSON wrapper:
+          <tool_call>{"name": "...", "arguments": {...}}</tool_call>
+        - GLM/llama.cpp style:
+          <tool_call>terminal{"command":"ls -la"}</tool_call>
+        """
+        calls: List["ToolCall"] = []
+
+        if not text:
+            return calls
+
+        def _append_from_payload(*, name: str, arguments: Dict[str, Any], raw: str, uniq_id: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+            if not isinstance(name, str) or not name:
+                return
+            if not isinstance(arguments, dict):
+                return
+            calls.append(
+                cls(
+                    name=name,
+                    arguments=arguments,
+                    raw_text=raw,
+                    uniq_id=uniq_id or str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                )
+            )
+
+        # STRICT parsing: only accept well-formed <tool_call>...</tool_call> blocks.
+        pattern = r"<tool_call>\s*(.*?)\s*</tool_call>"
+        for inner in re.findall(pattern, text, re.DOTALL):
+            cleaned = (inner or "").strip()
+            if not cleaned:
+                continue
+
+            # Hermes JSON wrapper.
+            if cleaned.startswith("{"):
+                try:
+                    data = json.loads(cleaned)
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    continue
+                uniq_id = data.get("uniq_id") or data.get("id") or None
+                _append_from_payload(
+                    name=data.get("name", ""),
+                    arguments=data.get("arguments", {}),
+                    raw=inner,
+                    uniq_id=uniq_id,
+                )
+                continue
+
+            # GLM/llama.cpp style: terminal{...}
+            m = re.match(r"^\s*([A-Za-z0-9_.:\\-]+)\s*(\{.*\})\s*$", cleaned, re.DOTALL)
+            if not m:
+                continue
+            name = m.group(1)
+            args_text = m.group(2)
+            try:
+                args = json.loads(args_text)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                continue
+            _append_from_payload(name=name, arguments=args, raw=inner)
+
+        return calls
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def has_tool_call(cls, text: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if text contains any tool calls."""
+        return bool(re.search(r"<tool_call>", text))
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ToolResult:
+    """Result from executing a tool."""
+    
+    success: bool
+    output: str = ""
+    error: str = ""
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    uniq_id: Optional[str] = None  # Should match ToolCall.uniq_id for async execution tracking.
+    
+    def to_xml(self) -> str:
+        """Format as XML for including in conversation."""
+        data = {
+            "success": self.success,
+            "output": self.output,
+        }
+        if self.uniq_id:
+            data["uniq_id"] = self.uniq_id
+        if self.error:
+            data["error"] = self.error
+        if self.metadata:
+            data["metadata"] = self.metadata
+        return f"<tool_response>{json.dumps(data)}</tool_response>"
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to dictionary."""
+        return {
+            "success": self.success,
+            "output": self.output,
+            "error": self.error,
+            "metadata": self.metadata,
+            "uniq_id": self.uniq_id,
+        }
+
+
+class Tool(ABC):
+    """
+    Abstract base class for tools.
+    
+    Subclasses must implement:
+    - schema: ToolSchema describing the tool
+    - execute(): async method that performs the tool action
+    """
+    
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def schema(self) -> ToolSchema:
+        """Return the tool's schema."""
+        pass
+    
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """Tool name (from schema)."""
+        return self.schema.name
+    
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def execute(self, **kwargs) -> ToolResult:
+        """
+        Execute the tool with given arguments.
+        
+        Args:
+            **kwargs: Tool-specific arguments
+            
+        Returns:
+            ToolResult with success/failure and output
+        """
+        pass
+    
+    def is_available(self) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
+        """
+        Return whether this tool should be exposed/executable in the current process.
+
+        Tools that depend on optional binaries/services/env vars can override this
+        to avoid advertising a tool that will fail at runtime.
+        """
+        return True, None
+
+    async def __call__(self, **kwargs) -> ToolResult:
+        """Allow calling tool instance directly."""
+        return await self.execute(**kwargs)
+
+# Note: This is only wrapping declarations for the external ToolServer (for execution on external process tools), and tools preinstalled in envs
+class ToolRegistry:
+    """Registry of available tools."""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._tools: Dict[str, Tool] = {}
+    
+    def register(self, tool: Tool) -> None:
+        """Register a tool."""
+        self._tools[tool.name] = tool
+    
+    def get(self, name: str) -> Optional[Tool]:
+        """Get a tool by name."""
+        return self._tools.get(name)
+    
+    def list_tools(self) -> List[Tool]:
+        """List all registered tools."""
+        return list(self._tools.values())
+    
+    def get_schemas(self) -> List[ToolSchema]:
+        """Get schemas for all registered tools."""
+        return [tool.schema for tool in self._tools.values()]
+    
+    def get_prompt_description(self) -> str:
+        """Generate tool descriptions for system prompt."""
+        descriptions = [tool.schema.to_prompt_description() for tool in self._tools.values()]
+        return "\n\n".join(descriptions)
+
+    def get_prompt_tool_definitions_json(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return a Hermes-style JSON list of tool definitions for use inside a `<tools>...</tools>` block.
+
+        Hermes trajectories historically use a simplified schema list:
+          [{"name": ..., "description": ..., "parameters": {...}, "required": null}, ...]
+        """
+        formatted: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        for tool in self._tools.values():
+            fn = tool.schema.to_dict().get("function", {})
+            formatted.append(
+                {
+                    "name": fn.get("name", tool.name),
+                    "description": fn.get("description", ""),
+                    "parameters": fn.get("parameters", {}),
+                    # Keep parity with Hermes saved trajectories (required is typically null there).
+                    "required": None,
+                }
+            )
+        return json.dumps(formatted, ensure_ascii=False)
+    
+    async def execute(self, call: ToolCall) -> ToolResult:
+        """Execute a tool call."""
+        tool = self.get(call.name)
+        if tool is None:
+            return ToolResult(
+                success=False,
+                error=f"Unknown tool: {call.name}",
+                uniq_id=call.uniq_id,
+            )
+        
+        try:
+            result = await tool.execute(**call.arguments)
+            if result.uniq_id is None:
+                result.uniq_id = call.uniq_id
+            return result
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ToolResult(
+                success=False,
+                error=f"Tool execution error: {str(e)}",
+                uniq_id=call.uniq_id,
+            )
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# FastAPI / transport models
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+class ToolCallPayload(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    arguments: Dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    uniq_id: str
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_tool_call(cls, call: ToolCall) -> "ToolCallPayload":
+        return cls(name=call.name, arguments=call.arguments, uniq_id=call.uniq_id)
+
+    def to_tool_call(self) -> ToolCall:
+        return ToolCall(name=self.name, arguments=self.arguments, uniq_id=self.uniq_id)
+
+
+class ToolResultPayload(BaseModel):
+    success: bool
+    output: str = ""
+    error: str = ""
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    uniq_id: Optional[str] = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_tool_result(cls, result: ToolResult) -> "ToolResultPayload":
+        return cls(
+            success=result.success,
+            output=result.output,
+            error=result.error,
+            metadata=result.metadata,
+            uniq_id=result.uniq_id,
+        )
+
+    def to_tool_result(self) -> ToolResult:
+        return ToolResult(
+            success=self.success,
+            output=self.output,
+            error=self.error,
+            metadata=self.metadata,
+            uniq_id=self.uniq_id,
+        )
+
+
+class ToolExecutorExecuteRequest(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: str
+    tool: ToolCallPayload
+    timeout_s: Optional[float] = None
+
+
+class ToolExecutorReleaseRequest(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: str
+    reset_workspace: bool = False
+
+
+class ToolServerExecuteRequest(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: Optional[str] = None
+    tool: ToolCallPayload
+    timeout_s: Optional[float] = None
+    # Optional sandbox context for tools that need workspace artifacts.
+    # This is set by ToolExecutor and is NOT model-controlled.
+    slot_id: Optional[str] = None
+    container_addr: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# Artifact transport models
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+class ArtifactReadRequestPayload(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: str
+    path: str
+    encoding: Literal["text", "base64"] = "text"
+    max_bytes: Optional[int] = None
+    include_sha256: bool = False
+
+
+class ArtifactReadResponsePayload(BaseModel):
+    success: bool
+    content: str = ""
+    error: str = ""
+    encoding: str = "text"
+    truncated: bool = False
+    bytes: int = 0
+    file_size: Optional[int] = None
+    path: str = ""
+    mime: Optional[str] = None
+    sha256: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class ArtifactListRequestPayload(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: str
+    path: str = "."
+    recursive: bool = False
+    max_entries: Optional[int] = None
+
+
+class ArtifactListEntryPayload(BaseModel):
+    path: str
+    is_dir: bool
+    size: int
+    mtime: float
+
+
+class ArtifactListResponsePayload(BaseModel):
+    success: bool
+    entries: List[ArtifactListEntryPayload] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    truncated: bool = False
+    error: str = ""
+
+
+class ArtifactArchiveRequestPayload(BaseModel):
+    trajectory_id: str
+    path: str = "."
+    format: Literal["tar.gz", "tgz"] = "tar.gz"
+    max_bytes: Optional[int] = None
+    max_entries: Optional[int] = None
+
+
+class ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload(BaseModel):
+    success: bool
+    content: str = ""
+    error: str = ""
+    encoding: str = "base64"
+    format: str = "tar.gz"
+    bytes: int = 0
+    entry_count: int = 0

atropos/tools/terminal_stateful_tool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""
+Stateful terminal tool schema.
+
+This is a sandbox tool that routes to the sandbox server as `bash_stateful`
+via ToolExecutor mapping. It exists to expose an explicit, opt-in terminal
+primitive suitable for stateful workflows (e.g. tmux sessions / TUIs).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Optional
+
+from .base import Tool, ToolResult, ToolSchema
+
+
+class TerminalStatefulTool(Tool):
+    @property
+    def schema(self) -> ToolSchema:
+        return ToolSchema(
+            name="terminal_stateful",
+            description=(
+                "Execute a command in the sandbox, allowing stateful/background processes to persist "
+                "across tool calls within the same trajectory slot (e.g. tmux sessions). "
+                "Use sparingly; output is still non-interactive."
+            ),
+            parameters={
+                "command": {"type": "string", "description": "The command to execute"},
+                "timeout": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": "Command timeout in seconds (optional).",
+                    "minimum": 1,
+                },
+            },
+            required=["command"],
+        )
+
+    def is_available(self) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
+        return True, None
+
+    async def execute(self, command: str, timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> ToolResult:
+        _ = (command, timeout)
+        return ToolResult(
+            success=False,
+            error="terminal_stateful must be executed via ToolExecutor inside the sandbox",
+        )

atropos/tools/tmux_tool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""
+tmux tool schema (sandbox).
+
+This is a sandbox tool that provides basic tmux session control suitable for
+TUI-style terminal interactions:
+- send keys (arrow keys, enter, etc.)
+- capture the current screen buffer
+
+Execution is routed by ToolExecutor to the sandbox server's `tmux` backend.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from .base import Tool, ToolResult, ToolSchema
+
+
+class TmuxTool(Tool):
+    @property
+    def schema(self) -> ToolSchema:
+        return ToolSchema(
+            name="tmux",
+            description=(
+                "Control a per-trajectory tmux session inside the sandbox (stateful terminal). "
+                "Use this for TUI-style interactions: send keys and capture the current screen."
+            ),
+            parameters={
+                "action": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "Action to perform: start | send_keys | stream | stop.",
+                    "enum": ["start", "send_keys", "stream", "stop", "capture"],
+                },
+                "keys": {
+                    "description": "Keys to send (string or list of strings) when action=send_keys.",
+                },
+                "block": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": "If true, wait for shell command completion (only valid at a shell prompt).",
+                    "default": False,
+                },
+                "min_wait_s": {
+                    "type": "number",
+                    "description": "For non-blocking send_keys, sleep this long after sending keys (seconds).",
+                    "default": 0.0,
+                },
+                "max_wait_s": {
+                    "type": "number",
+                    "description": "For blocking send_keys, max time to wait for completion (seconds).",
+                },
+                "capture_entire": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": "Deprecated. Streaming is preferred.",
+                    "default": False,
+                },
+                "max_bytes": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": "Max bytes to return per stream call.",
+                },
+                "reset": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": "If true, reset stream offset to the beginning of the asciinema recording.",
+                    "default": False,
+                },
+                "pane_width": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": "Pane width for action=start (columns).",
+                    "minimum": 20,
+                },
+                "pane_height": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": "Pane height for action=start (rows).",
+                    "minimum": 10,
+                },
+            },
+            required=["action"],
+        )
+
+    def is_available(self) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
+        return True, None
+
+    async def execute(self, **kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> ToolResult:
+        # This tool is intended to be executed via ToolExecutor -> sandbox server.
+        # We keep a safe fallback for non-sandbox contexts.
+        action = str(kwargs.get("action") or "").strip()
+        return ToolResult(
+            success=False,
+            error=f"tmux tool must be executed in the sandbox (got action={action!r})",
+        )

atropos/tools/tool_executor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
+"""
+ToolExecutor - queued, batched tool dispatch for multiplexed agent trajectories.
+
+This component is responsible for:
+- Maintaining trajectory -> Slot affinity (workspace continuity)
+- Batching sandbox tool calls across trajectories to maximize container utilization
+- Routing external tools (ToolSchema.external=True) to a ToolServer (Phase 4.5)
+
+For now, only sandbox tools are executed:
+- bash
+- read_file
+- write_file
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+import httpx
+
+from .base import (
+    ArtifactArchiveRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload,
+    ArtifactListRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactListResponsePayload,
+    ArtifactReadRequestPayload,
+    ArtifactReadResponsePayload,
+    ToolCall,
+    ToolCallPayload,
+    ToolRegistry,
+    ToolResult,
+    ToolResultPayload,
+    ToolServerExecuteRequest,
+)
+from ..backends.base import ToolBackend
+from ..slots import Slot
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ToolExecutorConfig:
+    batch_window_ms: int = 20
+    max_batch_size: int = 200
+    allow_network: bool = True
+    require_sandbox: bool = False
+    require_stateful_sandbox: bool = False
+    tool_server_url: Optional[str] = None
+    tool_server_token: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _QueuedToolRequest:
+    trajectory_id: str
+    call: ToolCall
+    timeout_s: Optional[float]
+    future: asyncio.Future
+
+
+class ToolExecutor:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        backend: ToolBackend,
+        tools: ToolRegistry,
+        config: Optional[ToolExecutorConfig] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.backend = backend
+        self.tools = tools
+        self.config = config or ToolExecutorConfig()
+
+        self._queue: asyncio.Queue[Optional[_QueuedToolRequest]] = asyncio.Queue()
+        self._task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self._stopping = asyncio.Event()
+
+        self._slots_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        self._slot_by_trajectory: Dict[str, Slot] = {}
+
+        self._tool_server_client: Optional[httpx.AsyncClient] = None
+        self._tool_server_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+        # lightweight stats for status endpoints
+        self.total_requests: int = 0
+        self.total_errors: int = 0
+        self.latencies_s: List[float] = []
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        if self._task is None:
+            self._task = asyncio.create_task(self._run_loop())
+
+    def queue_size(self) -> int:
+        return self._queue.qsize()
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        self._stopping.set()
+        await self._queue.put(None)
+        if self._task:
+            await self._task
+            self._task = None
+
+        client = self._tool_server_client
+        self._tool_server_client = None
+        if client is not None:
+            await client.aclose()
+
+        # Best-effort release any remaining slots.
+        async with self._slots_lock:
+            slots = list(self._slot_by_trajectory.items())
+            self._slot_by_trajectory.clear()
+
+        for _, slot in slots:
+            try:
+                await self.backend.release(slot, reset_workspace=False)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+    async def execute(
+        self,
+        trajectory_id: str,
+        call: ToolCall,
+        timeout_s: Optional[float] = None,
+    ) -> ToolResult:
+        if self._task is None:
+            raise RuntimeError("ToolExecutor not started (call start() first)")
+
+        # Allow tool args to suggest a timeout (Hermes-compatible terminal tool),
+        # but never let the model choose "infinite" timeouts.
+        if timeout_s is None:
+            raw_timeout = call.arguments.get("timeout")
+            if isinstance(raw_timeout, (int, float)):
+                timeout_s = float(raw_timeout)
+        if timeout_s is not None:
+            timeout_s = max(1.0, min(float(timeout_s), 600.0))
+
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        fut: asyncio.Future = loop.create_future()
+        started = time.perf_counter()
+        await self._queue.put(_QueuedToolRequest(trajectory_id=trajectory_id, call=call, timeout_s=timeout_s, future=fut))
+        try:
+            result: ToolResult = await fut
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self.latencies_s.append(time.perf_counter() - started)
+
+    async def release_trajectory(self, trajectory_id: str, reset_workspace: bool = False) -> None:
+        async with self._slots_lock:
+            slot = self._slot_by_trajectory.pop(trajectory_id, None)
+
+        if slot is not None:
+            await self.backend.release(slot, reset_workspace=reset_workspace)
+
+    async def _get_slot_if_present(self, trajectory_id: str) -> Optional[Slot]:
+        async with self._slots_lock:
+            return self._slot_by_trajectory.get(trajectory_id)
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Artifact helpers (optional)
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def read_artifact(self, req: ArtifactReadRequestPayload) -> ArtifactReadResponsePayload:
+        slot = await self._get_slot_if_present(req.trajectory_id)
+        if slot is None:
+            return ArtifactReadResponsePayload(success=False, error="No active slot for trajectory (run a sandbox tool first)")
+        data = await self.backend.read_artifact(
+            slot,
+            req.path,
+            encoding=req.encoding,
+            max_bytes=req.max_bytes,
+            include_sha256=req.include_sha256,
+        )
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = dict(data)
+            data.pop("http_status", None)
+        try:
+            return ArtifactReadResponsePayload(**(data or {}))
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ArtifactReadResponsePayload(success=False, error=f"Invalid artifact read response: {e}")
+
+    async def list_artifacts(self, req: ArtifactListRequestPayload) -> ArtifactListResponsePayload:
+        slot = await self._get_slot_if_present(req.trajectory_id)
+        if slot is None:
+            return ArtifactListResponsePayload(success=False, error="No active slot for trajectory (run a sandbox tool first)")
+        data = await self.backend.list_artifacts(
+            slot,
+            req.path,
+            recursive=req.recursive,
+            max_entries=req.max_entries,
+        )
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = dict(data)
+            data.pop("http_status", None)
+        try:
+            return ArtifactListResponsePayload(**(data or {}))
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ArtifactListResponsePayload(success=False, error=f"Invalid artifact list response: {e}")
+
+    async def archive_artifacts(self, req: ArtifactArchiveRequestPayload) -> ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload:
+        slot = await self._get_slot_if_present(req.trajectory_id)
+        if slot is None:
+            return ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload(success=False, error="No active slot for trajectory (run a sandbox tool first)")
+        data = await self.backend.archive_artifacts(
+            slot,
+            req.path,
+            archive_format=req.format,
+            max_bytes=req.max_bytes,
+            max_entries=req.max_entries,
+        )
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = dict(data)
+            data.pop("http_status", None)
+        try:
+            return ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload(**(data or {}))
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ArtifactArchiveResponsePayload(success=False, error=f"Invalid artifact archive response: {e}")
+
+    async def _get_or_acquire_slot(self, trajectory_id: str) -> Slot:
+        async with self._slots_lock:
+            existing = self._slot_by_trajectory.get(trajectory_id)
+            if existing is not None:
+                return existing
+
+        slot = await self.backend.acquire(trajectory_id)
+
+        async with self._slots_lock:
+            existing = self._slot_by_trajectory.get(trajectory_id)
+            if existing is not None:
+                # Another coroutine won the race; return its slot.
+                await self.backend.release(slot, reset_workspace=False)
+                return existing
+            self._slot_by_trajectory[trajectory_id] = slot
+            return slot
+
+    async def _run_loop(self) -> None:
+        pending: List[_QueuedToolRequest] = []
+        deadline: Optional[float] = None
+
+        batch_window_s = max(0.0, self.config.batch_window_ms / 1000.0)
+        max_batch = max(1, self.config.max_batch_size)
+
+        while True:
+            if self._stopping.is_set() and self._queue.empty() and not pending:
+                break
+
+            timeout = None
+            if pending and deadline is not None:
+                timeout = max(0.0, deadline - time.perf_counter())
+
+            try:
+                item = await asyncio.wait_for(self._queue.get(), timeout=timeout)
+                if item is None:
+                    continue
+                pending.append(item)
+                if len(pending) == 1:
+                    deadline = time.perf_counter() + batch_window_s
+                if len(pending) < max_batch:
+                    continue
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                # batch window elapsed
+                pass
+
+            if not pending:
+                deadline = None
+                continue
+
+            batch = pending
+            pending = []
+            deadline = None
+
+            await self._execute_batch(batch)
+
+    async def _get_tool_server_client(self) -> httpx.AsyncClient:
+        url = self.config.tool_server_url
+        if not url:
+            raise RuntimeError("ToolServer not configured")
+
+        if self._tool_server_client is not None:
+            return self._tool_server_client
+
+        async with self._tool_server_lock:
+            if self._tool_server_client is None:
+                self._tool_server_client = httpx.AsyncClient(base_url=url.rstrip("/"))
+            return self._tool_server_client
+
+    def _tool_server_headers(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        token = self.config.tool_server_token
+        if not token:
+            return {}
+        return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {token}"}
+
+    async def _execute_external(self, req: _QueuedToolRequest) -> ToolResult:
+        client = await self._get_tool_server_client()
+        slot_id: Optional[str] = None
+        container_addr: Optional[str] = None
+        slot = await self._get_slot_if_present(req.trajectory_id)
+        if slot is not None:
+            slot_id = slot.slot_id
+            container_addr = slot.container_addr
+
+        payload = ToolServerExecuteRequest(
+            trajectory_id=req.trajectory_id,
+            tool=ToolCallPayload.from_tool_call(req.call),
+            timeout_s=req.timeout_s,
+            slot_id=slot_id,
+            container_addr=container_addr,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            resp = await client.post(
+                "/execute",
+                json=payload.model_dump(),
+                headers=self._tool_server_headers(),
+                timeout=req.timeout_s,
+            )
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+            data = resp.json()
+            parsed = ToolResultPayload(**data)
+            result = parsed.to_tool_result()
+            if result.uniq_id is None:
+                result.uniq_id = req.call.uniq_id
+            return result
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ToolResult(
+                success=False,
+                error=f"External tool failed: {e}",
+                uniq_id=req.call.uniq_id,
+            )
+
+    async def _execute_batch(self, batch: List[_QueuedToolRequest]) -> None:
+        # Resolve tool schemas once per request and separate sandbox/external/unknown.
+        sandbox_items: List[_QueuedToolRequest] = []
+        external_items: List[_QueuedToolRequest] = []
+        unknown_items: List[_QueuedToolRequest] = []
+
+        for it in batch:
+            tool = self.tools.get(it.call.name)
+            if tool is None:
+                unknown_items.append(it)
+                continue
+
+            schema = tool.schema
+            if not schema.external:
+                sandbox_items.append(it)
+            else:
+                external_items.append(it)
+
+        for it in unknown_items:
+            self.total_requests += 1
+            self.total_errors += 1
+            if not it.future.done():
+                it.future.set_result(
+                    ToolResult(
+                        success=False,
+                        error=f"Unknown tool: {it.call.name}",
+                        uniq_id=it.call.uniq_id,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if external_items:
+            if not self.config.tool_server_url:
+                for it in external_items:
+                    self.total_requests += 1
+                    self.total_errors += 1
+                    if not it.future.done():
+                        it.future.set_result(
+                            ToolResult(
+                                success=False,
+                                error=f"External tool not available (ToolServer not configured): {it.call.name}",
+                                uniq_id=it.call.uniq_id,
+                            )
+                        )
+            else:
+                results = await asyncio.gather(*[self._execute_external(it) for it in external_items])
+                for it, res in zip(external_items, results):
+                    self.total_requests += 1
+                    if not getattr(res, "success", False):
+                        self.total_errors += 1
+                    if not it.future.done():
+                        it.future.set_result(res)
+
+        if not sandbox_items:
+            return
+
+        # Acquire slots for the distinct trajectories in this batch.
+        try:
+            traj_ids = list({it.trajectory_id for it in sandbox_items})
+            slots = await asyncio.gather(*[self._get_or_acquire_slot(tid) for tid in traj_ids])
+            slot_by_traj = dict(zip(traj_ids, slots))
+        except Exception as e:
+            for it in sandbox_items:
+                self.total_requests += 1
+                self.total_errors += 1
+                if not it.future.done():
+                    it.future.set_result(
+                        ToolResult(
+                            success=False,
+                            error=f"Failed to acquire slot: {e}",
+                            uniq_id=it.call.uniq_id,
+                        )
+                    )
+            return
+
+        # Group by timeout so we don't accidentally make short timeouts wait on long ones.
+        by_timeout: Dict[float, List[_QueuedToolRequest]] = {}
+        default_timeout = self.backend.default_timeout_s
+
+        for it in sandbox_items:
+            t = it.timeout_s
+            if t is None:
+                t = default_timeout
+            if t is None:
+                t = 30.0
+            by_timeout.setdefault(float(t), []).append(it)
+
+        for timeout_s, items in by_timeout.items():
+            requests = []
+            dispatched: List[_QueuedToolRequest] = []
+            for it in items:
+                slot = slot_by_traj[it.trajectory_id]
+                tool_name = it.call.name
+                args = dict(it.call.arguments)
+
+                # Hermes compatibility: treat `terminal` as an alias of sandbox `bash`.
+                if tool_name == "terminal":
+                    if args.get("background"):
+                        self.total_requests += 1
+                        self.total_errors += 1
+                        if not it.future.done():
+                            it.future.set_result(
+                                ToolResult(
+                                    success=False,
+                                    error="terminal background execution is not supported in sandbox",
+                                    uniq_id=it.call.uniq_id,
+                                )
+                            )
+                        continue
+                    tool_name = "bash"
+                    # `timeout` is handled at the ToolExecutor level, not passed to the sandbox tool args.
+                    args.pop("timeout", None)
+                elif tool_name == "terminal_stateful":
+                    tool_name = "bash_stateful"
+                    args.pop("timeout", None)
+                elif tool_name == "tmux":
+                    # `tmux` is a sandbox tool backed by the stateful session manager.
+                    # Network policy is env-controlled.
+                    args.pop("allow_network", None)
+
+                if tool_name == "bash":
+                    # Network policy is set by the environment/executor, not by the model.
+                    args.pop("allow_network", None)
+                    args.pop("require_sandbox", None)
+                    args["allow_network"] = bool(self.config.allow_network)
+                    args["require_sandbox"] = bool(self.config.require_sandbox)
+                    # `timeout` is handled at the ToolExecutor level, not passed to the sandbox tool args.
+                    args.pop("timeout", None)
+                elif tool_name == "bash_stateful":
+                    # Network policy is set by the environment/executor, not by the model.
+                    args.pop("allow_network", None)
+                    args.pop("require_sandbox", None)
+                    args.pop("require_stateful_sandbox", None)
+                    args["allow_network"] = bool(self.config.allow_network)
+                    args["require_stateful_sandbox"] = bool(self.config.require_stateful_sandbox)
+                    args.pop("timeout", None)
+                elif tool_name == "tmux":
+                    # Network policy applies to the underlying stateful session.
+                    args.pop("allow_network", None)
+                    args.pop("require_sandbox", None)
+                    args.pop("require_stateful_sandbox", None)
+                    args["allow_network"] = bool(self.config.allow_network)
+                    args["require_stateful_sandbox"] = bool(self.config.require_stateful_sandbox)
+
+                requests.append((slot, tool_name, args))
+                dispatched.append(it)
+
+            results = None
+            try:
+                if not dispatched:
+                    continue
+                results = await self.backend.execute_batch(requests, timeout_s=timeout_s)
+            except Exception as e:
+                for it in items:
+                    self.total_requests += 1
+                    self.total_errors += 1
+                    if not it.future.done():
+                        it.future.set_result(
+                            ToolResult(
+                                success=False,
+                                error=f"Batch execution failed: {e}",
+                                uniq_id=it.call.uniq_id,
+                            )
+                        )
+                continue
+
+            for it, res in zip(dispatched, results):
+                self.total_requests += 1
+                if not getattr(res, "success", False):
+                    self.total_errors += 1
+                tool_result = res.to_tool_result()
+                tool_result.uniq_id = it.call.uniq_id
+                if not it.future.done():
+                    it.future.set_result(tool_result)

atropos_compatible_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Atropos-compatible Hermes agent runner.
+
+This is a minimal subclass of Hermes-Agent's `AIAgent` that swaps the OpenAI
+function-calling backend for Atroposlib's `ManagedServer`/`ServerManager` backend
+and uses Hermes-style XML tool tags:
+
+- <tool_call>{"name": "...", "arguments": {...}}</tool_call>
+- <tool_response>{...}</tool_response>
+
+Tool observations are appended as `role="user"` messages containing one or more
+`<tool_response>` blocks so they survive common chat templates during tokenization.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import re
+import time
+import warnings
+import os
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+from model_tools import cleanup_vm, handle_function_call
+from run_agent import AIAgent
+
+_TOOL_CALL_RE = re.compile(r"<tool_call>\\s*(.*?)\\s*</tool_call>", re.DOTALL)
+
+
+ATROPOS_TOOL_SYSTEM_PROMPT = """You are a helpful AI assistant with access to tools.
+
+## Available Tools
+<tools>
+{tool_descriptions}
+</tools>
+
+## How to Use Tools
+To call a tool, output:
+<tool_call>{{"name": "tool_name", "arguments": {{"arg1": "value1"}}}}</tool_call>
+
+You may include optional reasoning in <think>...</think> before tool calls.
+
+After each tool call, you will receive tool results as:
+<tool_response>{{...}}</tool_response>
+
+Continue until finished, then provide a final response with no <tool_call> blocks.
+"""
+
+
+class AtroposAIAgent(AIAgent):
+    """
+    Hermes `AIAgent` variant that uses Atroposlib ServerManager/ManagedServer.
+
+    Notes:
+    - The default Hermes `AIAgent` remains unchanged; this class is opt-in.
+    - The underlying server must expose `managed_server(tokenizer=...)` OR be a single
+      APIServer-compatible object usable by Atroposlib's `ManagedServer`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        server: Any,
+        tokenizer: Any = None,
+        model: str = "local",
+        max_iterations: int = 10,
+        tool_delay: float = 0.0,
+        enabled_toolsets: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        disabled_toolsets: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        save_trajectories: bool = False,
+        verbose_logging: bool = False,
+        quiet_mode: bool = False,
+        ephemeral_system_prompt: Optional[str] = None,
+        log_prefix_chars: int = 100,
+        log_prefix: str = "",
+        session_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        temperature: Optional[float] = None,
+        max_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
+    ):
+        # Call parent init mainly to reuse tool selection + trajectory saving utilities.
+        super().__init__(
+            base_url="http://unused",
+            api_key="dummy-key",
+            model=model,
+            max_iterations=max_iterations,
+            tool_delay=tool_delay,
+            enabled_toolsets=enabled_toolsets,
+            disabled_toolsets=disabled_toolsets,
+            save_trajectories=save_trajectories,
+            verbose_logging=verbose_logging,
+            quiet_mode=quiet_mode,
+            ephemeral_system_prompt=ephemeral_system_prompt,
+            log_prefix_chars=log_prefix_chars,
+            log_prefix=log_prefix,
+            session_id=session_id,
+        )
+
+        self.server = server
+        self.tokenizer = tokenizer
+        self.temperature = temperature
+        self.max_tokens = max_tokens
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def _managed(self) -> AsyncGenerator[Any, None]:
+        if hasattr(self.server, "managed_server"):
+            with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                warnings.filterwarnings(
+                    "ignore",
+                    message=r"Using OpenAIServer with managed_server does not allow for state tracking",
+                    category=UserWarning,
+                )
+                async with self.server.managed_server(tokenizer=self.tokenizer) as managed:
+                    yield managed
+            return
+
+        # Fall back to directly wrapping a single server object.
+        from atroposlib.envs.server_handling.managed_server import ManagedServer
+
+        managed = ManagedServer(server=self.server, tokenizer=self.tokenizer)
+        try:
+            yield managed
+        finally:
+            managed.reset()
+
+    def _tool_descriptions_text(self) -> str:
+        if not self.tools:
+            return "(no tools available)"
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        for tool in self.tools:
+            fn = (tool or {}).get("function", {})
+            name = fn.get("name", "")
+            desc = (fn.get("description") or "").strip()
+            if not name:
+                continue
+            if desc:
+                parts.append(f"- {name}: {desc}")
+            else:
+                parts.append(f"- {name}")
+        return "\n".join(parts) if parts else "(no tools available)"
+
+    def _build_system_prompt(self, system_message: Optional[str]) -> Optional[str]:
+        tool_prompt = ATROPOS_TOOL_SYSTEM_PROMPT.format(
+            tool_descriptions=self._tool_descriptions_text()
+        )
+
+        parts: List[str] = []
+        if system_message:
+            parts.append(system_message)
+        if self.ephemeral_system_prompt:
+            parts.append(self.ephemeral_system_prompt)
+        parts.append(tool_prompt)
+
+        return "\n\n".join(parts)
+
+    def _parse_tool_calls(self, content: str) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[str, Dict[str, Any]]], List[str]]:
+        """
+        Returns:
+          (calls, errors)
+        """
+        calls: List[Tuple[str, Dict[str, Any]]] = []
+        errors: List[str] = []
+
+        for raw in _TOOL_CALL_RE.findall(content or ""):
+            try:
+                payload = json.loads(raw)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+                errors.append(f"Invalid JSON inside <tool_call>: {exc}")
+                continue
+
+            name = payload.get("name")
+            args = payload.get("arguments", {})
+            if not isinstance(name, str) or not name:
+                errors.append("Tool call missing 'name' string")
+                continue
+            if not isinstance(args, dict):
+                errors.append("Tool call 'arguments' must be an object")
+                continue
+
+            calls.append((name, args))
+
+        return calls, errors
+
+    async def run_conversation_async(
+        self,
+        user_message: str,
+        system_message: Optional[str] = None,
+        conversation_history: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        task_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        import uuid
+
+        effective_task_id = task_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        messages: List[Dict[str, Any]] = conversation_history.copy() if conversation_history else []
+        messages.append({"role": "user", "content": user_message})
+
+        active_system_prompt = self._build_system_prompt(system_message)
+
+        api_call_count = 0
+        final_response: Optional[str] = None
+        managed_state: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+        completed = False
+
+        try:
+            async with self._managed() as managed:
+                while api_call_count < self.max_iterations:
+                    api_call_count += 1
+
+                    api_messages = messages.copy()
+                    if active_system_prompt:
+                        api_messages = [{"role": "system", "content": active_system_prompt}] + api_messages
+
+                    chat_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = {"messages": api_messages, "n": 1}
+                    if self.max_tokens is not None:
+                        chat_kwargs["max_tokens"] = self.max_tokens
+                    if self.temperature is not None:
+                        chat_kwargs["temperature"] = self.temperature
+
+                    # Prefer OpenAI tool calling when supported by the backend:
+                    # - Many providers normalize Hermes-style <tool_call> tags into tool_calls when `tools` is provided.
+                    # - ManagedServer (atroposlib) does prompt->completion conversion and does not support `tools`.
+                    #   Only pass `tools` when we're calling an OpenAI-compatible chat endpoint directly.
+                    tool_schemas = self.tools if self.tools else None
+                    managed_cls = type(managed).__name__
+                    if tool_schemas and managed_cls != "ManagedServer":
+                        chat_kwargs["tools"] = tool_schemas
+
+                    if os.getenv("HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_REQUEST") == "1":
+                        meta = {
+                            "managed_type": managed_cls,
+                            "model": getattr(getattr(managed, "config", None), "model_name", self.model),
+                            "base_url": getattr(getattr(managed, "config", None), "base_url", None),
+                            "kwargs": chat_kwargs,
+                        }
+                        # Avoid dumping megabytes of data accidentally.
+                        # (Messages can be large; this is still "full" but bounded.)
+                        print("\n=== HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_REQUEST ===", flush=True)
+                        print(json.dumps(meta, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)[:200_000], flush=True)
+
+                    response = await managed.chat_completion(**chat_kwargs)
+
+                    if os.getenv("HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_RESPONSE") == "1":
+                        try:
+                            dumped = response.model_dump()  # openai pydantic model
+                        except Exception:
+                            dumped = getattr(response, "__dict__", {"repr": repr(response)})
+                        print("\n=== HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_RESPONSE: ChatCompletion (raw) ===", flush=True)
+                        print(json.dumps(dumped, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2), flush=True)
+
+                    if hasattr(managed, "get_state"):
+                        managed_state = managed.get_state()
+
+                    msg = response.choices[0].message
+                    assistant_content = (msg.content or "")
+                    msg_reasoning = getattr(msg, "reasoning", None)
+
+                    # Use tool_calls if the backend provides them (preferred).
+                    structured_tool_calls = getattr(msg, "tool_calls", None)
+
+                    # If the backend emits content="" but includes useful text in reasoning,
+                    # use it for parsing *only if needed* (e.g. tool tags).
+                    if assistant_content == "" and isinstance(msg_reasoning, str) and msg_reasoning:
+                        if os.getenv("HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_RESPONSE") == "1":
+                            print("\n=== HERMES_DEBUG_ATROPOS_RESPONSE: message.reasoning present (content empty) ===", flush=True)
+                            print(msg_reasoning, flush=True)
+
+                    assistant_msg: Dict[str, Any] = {"role": "assistant", "content": assistant_content}
+                    if structured_tool_calls:
+                        # Preserve tool_calls so the next request is consistent with OpenAI protocol.
+                        try:
+                            assistant_msg["tool_calls"] = [
+                                {
+                                    "id": tc.id,
+                                    "type": tc.type,
+                                    "function": {"name": tc.function.name, "arguments": tc.function.arguments},
+                                }
+                                for tc in structured_tool_calls
+                            ]
+                        except Exception:
+                            # Best-effort; keep conversation moving.
+                            pass
+                    messages.append(assistant_msg)
+
+                    # Mode A: OpenAI tool calling (preferred when supported)
+                    if structured_tool_calls:
+                        for tc in structured_tool_calls:
+                            tool_start = time.time()
+                            try:
+                                tool_args = json.loads(tc.function.arguments or "{}")
+                            except Exception:
+                                tool_args = {}
+                            tool_result = handle_function_call(tc.function.name, tool_args, effective_task_id)
+                            tool_duration = time.time() - tool_start
+
+                            # Keep the raw tool result as tool content (OpenAI protocol expects role=tool).
+                            messages.append(
+                                {
+                                    "role": "tool",
+                                    "tool_call_id": tc.id,
+                                    "content": tool_result,
+                                }
+                            )
+
+                            if self.tool_delay and self.tool_delay > 0:
+                                await asyncio.sleep(self.tool_delay)
+
+                        # Continue loop after tool execution.
+                        continue
+
+                    # Mode B: Hermes XML tool tags in assistant text (fallback).
+                    parse_source = assistant_content or (msg_reasoning or "")
+                    tool_calls, parse_errors = self._parse_tool_calls(parse_source)
+
+                    if parse_errors and not tool_calls:
+                        # Ask the model to retry with valid tool JSON.
+                        err_text = "; ".join(parse_errors[:3])
+                        messages.append(
+                            {
+                                "role": "user",
+                                "content": (
+                                    f"<tool_response>{json.dumps({'error': err_text}, ensure_ascii=False)}</tool_response>\n"
+                                    "The previous <tool_call> blocks were invalid. Please output valid JSON inside <tool_call>."
+                                ),
+                            }
+                        )
+                        continue
+
+                    if not tool_calls:
+                        # No tool calls: treat as final answer.
+                        final_response = (assistant_content or "").strip()
+                        completed = True
+                        break
+
+                    tool_responses: List[str] = []
+                    for tool_name, tool_args in tool_calls:
+                        tool_start = time.time()
+                        tool_result = handle_function_call(tool_name, tool_args, effective_task_id)
+                        tool_duration = time.time() - tool_start
+
+                        try:
+                            parsed = json.loads(tool_result)
+                            payload: Any = parsed
+                        except Exception:
+                            payload = tool_result
+
+                        tool_payload = {
+                            "name": tool_name,
+                            "duration_s": round(tool_duration, 3),
+                            "result": payload,
+                        }
+                        tool_responses.append(
+                            f"<tool_response>{json.dumps(tool_payload, ensure_ascii=False)}</tool_response>"
+                        )
+
+                        if self.tool_delay and self.tool_delay > 0:
+                            await asyncio.sleep(self.tool_delay)
+
+                    messages.append({"role": "user", "content": "\n".join(tool_responses)})
+
+                if final_response is None:
+                    final_response = "I've reached the maximum number of iterations."
+
+        finally:
+            try:
+                cleanup_vm(effective_task_id)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+        # Save trajectory using Hermes formatting (optional).
+        self._save_trajectory(messages, user_message, completed=completed)
+
+        return {
+            "final_response": final_response,
+            "messages": messages,
+            "api_calls": api_call_count,
+            "completed": completed,
+            "managed_state": managed_state,
+            "system_prompt": active_system_prompt,
+            "task_id": effective_task_id,
+        }
+
+    def run_conversation(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Sync wrapper for convenience.
+
+        If called from within a running event loop (e.g. prompt_toolkit), this
+        runs the async conversation in a dedicated thread to avoid nested loops.
+        """
+        try:
+            asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            return asyncio.run(self.run_conversation_async(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        import queue
+        import threading
+
+        out: "queue.Queue[object]" = queue.Queue(maxsize=1)
+
+        def runner() -> None:
+            try:
+                out.put(asyncio.run(self.run_conversation_async(*args, **kwargs)))
+            except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                out.put(exc)
+
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=runner, daemon=True)
+        thread.start()
+
+        result = out.get()
+        if isinstance(result, BaseException):
+            raise result
+        return result  # type: ignore[return-value]

batch_runner.py

@@ -27,14 +27,16 @@ import time
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional, Tuple
 from datetime import datetime
-from multiprocessing import Pool, Lock
+from multiprocessing import Pool, Manager, Lock
 import traceback
+
 from rich.progress import Progress, SpinnerColumn, BarColumn, TextColumn, TimeRemainingColumn, MofNCompleteColumn
 from rich.console import Console
 import fire
 
 from run_agent import AIAgent
 from toolset_distributions import (
+    get_distribution, 
     list_distributions, 
     sample_toolsets_from_distribution,
     validate_distribution
@@ -171,7 +173,7 @@ def _extract_tool_stats(messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, i
                     if content_json.get("success") is False:
                         is_success = False
                         
-            except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError, TypeError):
+            except:
                 # If not JSON, check if content is empty or explicitly states an error
                 # Note: We avoid simple substring matching to prevent false positives
                 if not content:
@@ -238,7 +240,7 @@ def _process_single_prompt(
     
     Args:
         prompt_index (int): Index of prompt in dataset
-        prompt_data (Dict): Prompt data containing 'prompt' field and optional 'image' field
+        prompt_data (Dict): Prompt data containing 'prompt' field
         batch_num (int): Batch number
         config (Dict): Configuration dict with agent parameters
         
@@ -246,58 +248,6 @@ def _process_single_prompt(
         Dict: Result containing trajectory, stats, and metadata
     """
     prompt = prompt_data["prompt"]
-    task_id = f"task_{prompt_index}"
-    
-    # Per-prompt container image override: if the dataset row has an 'image' field,
-    # register it for this task's sandbox. Works with Docker, Modal, Singularity, and Daytona.
-    container_image = prompt_data.get("image") or prompt_data.get("docker_image")
-    if container_image:
-        # Verify the image is accessible before spending tokens on the agent loop.
-        # For Docker: check local cache, then try pulling.
-        # For Modal: skip local check (Modal pulls server-side).
-        env_type = os.getenv("TERMINAL_ENV", "local")
-        if env_type == "docker":
-            import subprocess as _sp
-            try:
-                probe = _sp.run(
-                    ["docker", "image", "inspect", container_image],
-                    capture_output=True, timeout=10,
-                )
-                if probe.returncode != 0:
-                    if config.get("verbose"):
-                        print(f"   Prompt {prompt_index}: Pulling docker image {container_image}...", flush=True)
-                    pull = _sp.run(
-                        ["docker", "pull", container_image],
-                        capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=600,
-                    )
-                    if pull.returncode != 0:
-                        return {
-                            "success": False,
-                            "prompt_index": prompt_index,
-                            "error": f"Docker image not available: {container_image}\n{pull.stderr[:500]}",
-                            "trajectory": None,
-                            "tool_stats": {},
-                            "toolsets_used": [],
-                            "metadata": {"batch_num": batch_num, "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat()},
-                        }
-            except FileNotFoundError:
-                pass  # Docker CLI not installed — skip check (e.g., Modal backend)
-            except Exception as img_err:
-                if config.get("verbose"):
-                    print(f"   Prompt {prompt_index}: Docker image check failed: {img_err}", flush=True)
-
-        from tools.terminal_tool import register_task_env_overrides
-        overrides = {
-            "docker_image": container_image,
-            "modal_image": container_image,
-            "singularity_image": f"docker://{container_image}",
-            "daytona_image": container_image,
-        }
-        if prompt_data.get("cwd"):
-            overrides["cwd"] = prompt_data["cwd"]
-        register_task_env_overrides(task_id, overrides)
-        if config.get("verbose"):
-            print(f"   Prompt {prompt_index}: Using container image {container_image}")
     
     try:
         # Sample toolsets from distribution for this prompt
@@ -326,12 +276,10 @@ def _process_single_prompt(
             max_tokens=config.get("max_tokens"),
             reasoning_config=config.get("reasoning_config"),
             prefill_messages=config.get("prefill_messages"),
-            skip_context_files=True,  # Don't pollute trajectories with SOUL.md/AGENTS.md
-            skip_memory=True,  # Don't use persistent memory in batch runs
         )
 
         # Run the agent with task_id to ensure each task gets its own isolated VM
-        result = agent.run_conversation(prompt, task_id=task_id)
+        result = agent.run_conversation(prompt, task_id=f"task_{prompt_index}")
         
         # Extract tool usage statistics
         tool_stats = _extract_tool_stats(result["messages"])
@@ -606,7 +554,7 @@ class BatchRunner:
         # Create batches
         self.batches = self._create_batches()
         
-        print("📊 Batch Runner Initialized")
+        print(f"📊 Batch Runner Initialized")
         print(f"   Dataset: {self.dataset_file} ({len(self.dataset)} prompts)")
         print(f"   Batch size: {self.batch_size}")
         print(f"   Total batches: {len(self.batches)}")
@@ -700,13 +648,14 @@ class BatchRunner:
             lock (Lock): Optional lock for thread-safe access
         """
         checkpoint_data["last_updated"] = datetime.now().isoformat()
-
-        from utils import atomic_json_write
+        
         if lock:
             with lock:
-                atomic_json_write(self.checkpoint_file, checkpoint_data)
+                with open(self.checkpoint_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                    json.dump(checkpoint_data, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
         else:
-            atomic_json_write(self.checkpoint_file, checkpoint_data)
+            with open(self.checkpoint_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+                json.dump(checkpoint_data, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
     
     def _scan_completed_prompts_by_content(self) -> set:
         """
@@ -826,20 +775,18 @@ class BatchRunner:
             print("=" * 70)
             print(f"   Original dataset size:     {len(self.dataset):,} prompts")
             print(f"   Already completed:         {len(skipped_indices):,} prompts")
-            print("   ─────────────────────────────────────────")
+            print(f"   ─────────────────────────────────────────")
             print(f"   🎯 RESUMING WITH:          {len(filtered_entries):,} prompts")
             print(f"   New batches created:       {len(batches_to_process)}")
             print("=" * 70 + "\n")
         
-        # Load existing checkpoint (so resume doesn't clobber prior progress)
-        checkpoint_data = self._load_checkpoint()
-        if checkpoint_data.get("run_name") != self.run_name:
-            checkpoint_data = {
-                "run_name": self.run_name,
-                "completed_prompts": [],
-                "batch_stats": {},
-                "last_updated": None
-            }
+        # Initialize checkpoint data (needed for saving at the end)
+        checkpoint_data = {
+            "run_name": self.run_name,
+            "completed_prompts": [],
+            "batch_stats": {},
+            "last_updated": None
+        }
         
         # Prepare configuration for workers
         config = {
@@ -861,7 +808,7 @@ class BatchRunner:
         }
         
         # For backward compatibility, still track by index (but this is secondary to content matching)
-        completed_prompts_set = set(checkpoint_data.get("completed_prompts", []))
+        completed_prompts_set = set()
         
         # Aggregate statistics across all batches
         total_tool_stats = {}
@@ -870,9 +817,6 @@ class BatchRunner:
         
         print(f"\n🔧 Initializing {self.num_workers} worker processes...")
         
-        # Checkpoint writes happen in the parent process; keep a lock for safety.
-        checkpoint_lock = Lock()
-
         # Process batches in parallel
         with Pool(processes=self.num_workers) as pool:
             # Create tasks for each batch
@@ -888,7 +832,7 @@ class BatchRunner:
             ]
             
             print(f"✅ Created {len(tasks)} batch tasks")
-            print("🚀 Starting parallel batch processing...\n")
+            print(f"🚀 Starting parallel batch processing...\n")
             
             # Use rich Progress for better visual tracking with persistent bottom bar
             # redirect_stdout/stderr lets rich manage all output so progress bar stays clean
@@ -918,28 +862,6 @@ class BatchRunner:
                     for result in pool.imap_unordered(_process_batch_worker, tasks):
                         results.append(result)
                         progress.update(task, advance=1)
-
-                        # Incremental checkpoint update (so resume works after crash)
-                        try:
-                            batch_num = result.get('batch_num')
-                            completed = result.get('completed_prompts', []) or []
-                            completed_prompts_set.update(completed)
-
-                            if isinstance(batch_num, int):
-                                checkpoint_data.setdefault('batch_stats', {})[str(batch_num)] = {
-                                    'processed': result.get('processed', 0),
-                                    'skipped': result.get('skipped', 0),
-                                    'discarded_no_reasoning': result.get('discarded_no_reasoning', 0),
-                                }
-
-                            checkpoint_data['completed_prompts'] = sorted(completed_prompts_set)
-                            self._save_checkpoint(checkpoint_data, lock=checkpoint_lock)
-                        except Exception as ckpt_err:
-                            # Don't fail the run if checkpoint write fails
-                            print(f"⚠️  Warning: Failed to save incremental checkpoint: {ckpt_err}")
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.error("Batch worker failed: %s", e, exc_info=True)
-                    raise
                 finally:
                     root_logger.setLevel(original_level)
         
@@ -968,12 +890,9 @@ class BatchRunner:
             for key in total_reasoning_stats:
                 total_reasoning_stats[key] += batch_result.get("reasoning_stats", {}).get(key, 0)
         
-        # Save final checkpoint (best-effort; incremental writes already happened)
-        try:
-            checkpoint_data["completed_prompts"] = all_completed_prompts
-            self._save_checkpoint(checkpoint_data, lock=checkpoint_lock)
-        except Exception as ckpt_err:
-            print(f"⚠️  Warning: Failed to save final checkpoint: {ckpt_err}")
+        # Save final checkpoint
+        checkpoint_data["completed_prompts"] = all_completed_prompts
+        self._save_checkpoint(checkpoint_data)
         
         # Calculate success rates
         for tool_name in total_tool_stats:
@@ -1057,7 +976,7 @@ class BatchRunner:
         print(f"✅ Total trajectories in merged file: {total_entries - filtered_entries}")
         print(f"✅ Total batch files merged: {batch_files_found}")
         print(f"⏱️  Total duration: {round(time.time() - start_time, 2)}s")
-        print("\n📈 Tool Usage Statistics:")
+        print(f"\n📈 Tool Usage Statistics:")
         print("-" * 70)
         
         if total_tool_stats:
@@ -1084,7 +1003,7 @@ class BatchRunner:
         # Print reasoning coverage stats
         total_discarded = sum(r.get("discarded_no_reasoning", 0) for r in results)
         
-        print("\n🧠 Reasoning Coverage:")
+        print(f"\n🧠 Reasoning Coverage:")
         print("-" * 70)
         total_turns = total_reasoning_stats["total_assistant_turns"]
         with_reasoning = total_reasoning_stats["turns_with_reasoning"]
@@ -1101,8 +1020,8 @@ class BatchRunner:
             print(f"   🚫 Samples discarded (zero reasoning): {total_discarded:,}")
         
         print(f"\n💾 Results saved to: {self.output_dir}")
-        print("   - Trajectories: trajectories.jsonl (combined)")
-        print("   - Individual batches: batch_*.jsonl (for debugging)")
+        print(f"   - Trajectories: trajectories.jsonl (combined)")
+        print(f"   - Individual batches: batch_*.jsonl (for debugging)")
         print(f"   - Statistics: {self.stats_file.name}")
         print(f"   - Checkpoint: {self.checkpoint_file.name}")
 
@@ -1112,7 +1031,7 @@ def main(
     batch_size: int = None,
     run_name: str = None,
     distribution: str = "default",
-    model: str = "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6",
+    model: str = "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
     api_key: str = None,
     base_url: str = "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1",
     max_turns: int = 10,
@@ -1155,7 +1074,7 @@ def main(
         providers_order (str): Comma-separated list of OpenRouter providers to try in order (e.g. "anthropic,openai,google")
         provider_sort (str): Sort providers by "price", "throughput", or "latency" (OpenRouter only)
         max_tokens (int): Maximum tokens for model responses (optional, uses model default if not set)
-        reasoning_effort (str): OpenRouter reasoning effort level: "xhigh", "high", "medium", "low", "minimal", "none" (default: "medium")
+        reasoning_effort (str): OpenRouter reasoning effort level: "xhigh", "high", "medium", "low", "minimal", "none" (default: "xhigh")
         reasoning_disabled (bool): Completely disable reasoning/thinking tokens (default: False)
         prefill_messages_file (str): Path to JSON file containing prefill messages (list of {role, content} dicts)
         max_samples (int): Only process the first N samples from the dataset (optional, processes all if not set)
@@ -1216,7 +1135,7 @@ def main(
     providers_order_list = [p.strip() for p in providers_order.split(",")] if providers_order else None
     
     # Build reasoning_config from CLI flags
-    # --reasoning_disabled takes priority, then --reasoning_effort, then default (medium)
+    # --reasoning_disabled takes priority, then --reasoning_effort, then default (xhigh)
     reasoning_config = None
     if reasoning_disabled:
         # Completely disable reasoning/thinking tokens
@@ -1238,7 +1157,7 @@ def main(
             with open(prefill_messages_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                 prefill_messages = json.load(f)
             if not isinstance(prefill_messages, list):
-                print("❌ Error: prefill_messages_file must contain a JSON array of messages")
+                print(f"❌ Error: prefill_messages_file must contain a JSON array of messages")
                 return
             print(f"💬 Loaded {len(prefill_messages)} prefill messages from {prefill_messages_file}")
         except Exception as e:

cli-config.yaml.example

@@ -9,58 +9,10 @@ model:
   # Default model to use (can be overridden with --model flag)
   default: "anthropic/claude-opus-4.6"
   
-  # Inference provider selection:
-  #   "auto"       - Use Nous Portal if logged in, otherwise OpenRouter/env vars (default)
-  #   "nous-api"   - Use Nous Portal via API key (requires: NOUS_API_KEY)
-  #   "openrouter" - Always use OpenRouter API key from OPENROUTER_API_KEY
-  #   "nous"       - Always use Nous Portal (requires: hermes login)
-  #   "zai"        - Use z.ai / ZhipuAI GLM models (requires: GLM_API_KEY)
-  #   "kimi-coding"- Use Kimi / Moonshot AI models (requires: KIMI_API_KEY)
-  #   "minimax"    - Use MiniMax global endpoint (requires: MINIMAX_API_KEY)
-  #   "minimax-cn" - Use MiniMax China endpoint (requires: MINIMAX_CN_API_KEY)
-  # Can also be overridden with --provider flag or HERMES_INFERENCE_PROVIDER env var.
-  provider: "auto"
-  
   # API configuration (falls back to OPENROUTER_API_KEY env var)
   # api_key: "your-key-here"  # Uncomment to set here instead of .env
   base_url: "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1"
 
-# =============================================================================
-# OpenRouter Provider Routing (only applies when using OpenRouter)
-# =============================================================================
-# Control how requests are routed across providers on OpenRouter.
-# See: https://openrouter.ai/docs/guides/routing/provider-selection
-#
-# provider_routing:
-#   # Sort strategy: "price" (default), "throughput", or "latency"
-#   # Append :nitro to model name for a shortcut to throughput sorting.
-#   sort: "throughput"
-#
-#   # Only allow these providers (provider slugs from OpenRouter)
-#   # only: ["anthropic", "google"]
-#
-#   # Skip these providers entirely
-#   # ignore: ["deepinfra", "fireworks"]
-#
-#   # Try providers in this order (overrides default load balancing)
-#   # order: ["anthropic", "google", "together"]
-#
-#   # Require providers to support all parameters in your request
-#   # require_parameters: true
-#
-#   # Data policy: "allow" (default) or "deny" to exclude providers that may store data
-#   # data_collection: "deny"
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Git Worktree Isolation
-# =============================================================================
-# When enabled, each CLI session creates an isolated git worktree so multiple
-# agents can work on the same repo concurrently without file collisions.
-# Equivalent to always passing --worktree / -w on the command line.
-#
-# worktree: true    # Always create a worktree when in a git repo
-# worktree: false   # Default — only create when -w flag is passed
-
 # =============================================================================
 # Terminal Tool Configuration
 # =============================================================================
@@ -75,8 +27,8 @@ model:
 #   - CLI (`hermes` command): Uses "." (current directory where you run hermes)
 #   - Messaging (Telegram/Discord): Uses MESSAGING_CWD from .env (default: home)
 terminal:
-  backend: "local"
-  cwd: "."  # For local backend: "." = current directory. Ignored for remote backends.
+  env_type: "local"
+  cwd: "."  # CLI working directory - "." means current directory
   timeout: 180
   lifetime_seconds: 300
   # sudo_password: ""  # Enable sudo commands (pipes via sudo -S) - SECURITY WARNING: plaintext!
@@ -87,8 +39,8 @@ terminal:
 # Great for: keeping agent isolated from its own code, using powerful remote hardware
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # terminal:
-#   backend: "ssh"
-#   cwd: "/home/myuser/project"  # Path on the REMOTE server
+#   env_type: "ssh"
+#   cwd: "/home/myuser/project"
 #   timeout: 180
 #   lifetime_seconds: 300
 #   ssh_host: "my-server.example.com"
@@ -102,8 +54,8 @@ terminal:
 # Great for: reproducible environments, testing, isolation
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # terminal:
-#   backend: "docker"
-#   cwd: "/workspace"  # Path INSIDE the container (default: /)
+#   env_type: "docker"
+#   cwd: "/workspace"
 #   timeout: 180
 #   lifetime_seconds: 300
 #   docker_image: "nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
@@ -114,8 +66,8 @@ terminal:
 # Great for: HPC clusters, shared compute environments
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # terminal:
-#   backend: "singularity"
-#   cwd: "/workspace"  # Path INSIDE the container (default: /root)
+#   env_type: "singularity"
+#   cwd: "/workspace"
 #   timeout: 180
 #   lifetime_seconds: 300
 #   singularity_image: "docker://nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
@@ -126,35 +78,12 @@ terminal:
 # Great for: GPU access, scalable compute, serverless execution
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # terminal:
-#   backend: "modal"
-#   cwd: "/workspace"  # Path INSIDE the sandbox (default: /root)
+#   env_type: "modal"
+#   cwd: "/workspace"
 #   timeout: 180
 #   lifetime_seconds: 300
 #   modal_image: "nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
 
-# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# OPTION 6: Daytona cloud execution
-# Commands run in Daytona cloud sandboxes
-# Great for: Cloud dev environments, persistent workspaces, team collaboration
-# Requires: pip install daytona, DAYTONA_API_KEY env var
-# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# terminal:
-#   backend: "daytona"
-#   cwd: "~"
-#   timeout: 180
-#   lifetime_seconds: 300
-#   daytona_image: "nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
-#   container_disk: 10240          # Daytona max is 10GB per sandbox
-
-#
-# --- Container resource limits (docker, singularity, modal, daytona -- ignored for local/ssh) ---
-# These settings apply to all container backends. They control the resources
-# allocated to the sandbox and whether its filesystem persists across sessions.
-  container_cpu: 1              # CPU cores
-  container_memory: 5120        # Memory in MB (5120 = 5GB)
-  container_disk: 51200         # Disk in MB (51200 = 50GB)
-  container_persistent: true    # Persist filesystem across sessions (false = ephemeral)
-
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # SUDO SUPPORT (works with ALL backends above)
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -210,126 +139,8 @@ compression:
   threshold: 0.85
   
   # Model to use for generating summaries (fast/cheap recommended)
-  # This model compresses the middle turns into a concise summary.
-  # IMPORTANT: it receives the full middle section of the conversation, so it
-  # MUST support a context length at least as large as your main model's.
+  # This model compresses the middle turns into a concise summary
   summary_model: "google/gemini-3-flash-preview"
-  
-  # Provider for the summary model (default: "auto")
-  # Options: "auto", "openrouter", "nous", "main"
-  # summary_provider: "auto"
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Auxiliary Models (Advanced — Experimental)
-# =============================================================================
-# Hermes uses lightweight "auxiliary" models for side tasks: image analysis,
-# browser screenshot analysis, web page summarization, and context compression.
-#
-# By default these use Gemini Flash via OpenRouter or Nous Portal and are
-# auto-detected from your credentials.  You do NOT need to change anything
-# here for normal usage.
-#
-# WARNING: Overriding these with providers other than OpenRouter or Nous Portal
-# is EXPERIMENTAL and may not work.  Not all models/providers support vision,
-# produce usable summaries, or accept the same API format.  Change at your own
-# risk — if things break, reset to "auto" / empty values.
-#
-# Each task has its own provider + model pair so you can mix providers.
-# For example: OpenRouter for vision (needs multimodal), but your main
-# local endpoint for compression (just needs text).
-#
-# Provider options:
-#   "auto"       - Best available: OpenRouter → Nous Portal → main endpoint (default)
-#   "openrouter" - Force OpenRouter (requires OPENROUTER_API_KEY)
-#   "nous"       - Force Nous Portal (requires: hermes login)
-#   "codex"      - Force Codex OAuth (requires: hermes model → Codex).
-#                  Uses gpt-5.3-codex which supports vision.
-#   "main"       - Use your custom endpoint (OPENAI_BASE_URL + OPENAI_API_KEY).
-#                  Works with OpenAI API, local models, or any OpenAI-compatible
-#                  endpoint.  Also falls back to Codex OAuth and API-key providers.
-#
-# Model: leave empty to use the provider's default.  When empty, OpenRouter
-# uses "google/gemini-3-flash-preview" and Nous uses "gemini-3-flash".
-# Other providers pick a sensible default automatically.
-#
-# auxiliary:
-#   # Image analysis: vision_analyze tool + browser screenshots
-#   vision:
-#     provider: "auto"
-#     model: ""              # e.g. "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "openai/gpt-4o"
-#
-#   # Web page scraping / summarization + browser page text extraction
-#   web_extract:
-#     provider: "auto"
-#     model: ""
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Persistent Memory
-# =============================================================================
-# Bounded curated memory injected into the system prompt every session.
-# Two stores: MEMORY.md (agent's notes) and USER.md (user profile).
-# Character limits keep the memory small and focused. The agent manages
-# pruning -- when at the limit, it must consolidate or replace entries.
-# Disabled by default in batch_runner and RL environments.
-#
-memory:
-  # Agent's personal notes: environment facts, conventions, things learned
-  memory_enabled: true
-  
-  # User profile: preferences, communication style, expectations
-  user_profile_enabled: true
-  
-  # Character limits (~2.75 chars per token, model-independent)
-  memory_char_limit: 2200   # ~800 tokens
-  user_char_limit: 1375     # ~500 tokens
-
-  # Periodic memory nudge: remind the agent to consider saving memories
-  # every N user turns. Set to 0 to disable. Only active when memory is enabled.
-  nudge_interval: 10        # Nudge every 10 user turns (0 = disabled)
-
-  # Memory flush: give the agent one turn to save memories before context is
-  # lost (compression, /new, /reset, exit). Set to 0 to disable.
-  # For exit/reset, only fires if the session had at least this many user turns.
-  flush_min_turns: 6        # Min user turns to trigger flush on exit/reset (0 = disabled)
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Session Reset Policy (Messaging Platforms)
-# =============================================================================
-# Controls when messaging sessions (Telegram, Discord, WhatsApp, Slack) are
-# automatically cleared. Without resets, conversation context grows indefinitely
-# which increases API costs with every message.
-#
-# When a reset triggers, the agent first saves important information to its
-# persistent memory — but the conversation context is wiped. The agent starts
-# fresh but retains learned facts via its memory system.
-#
-# Users can always manually reset with /reset or /new in chat.
-#
-# Modes:
-#   "both"  - Reset on EITHER inactivity timeout or daily boundary (recommended)
-#   "idle"  - Reset only after N minutes of inactivity
-#   "daily" - Reset only at a fixed hour each day
-#   "none"  - Never auto-reset; context lives until /reset or compression kicks in
-#
-# When a reset triggers, the agent gets one turn to save important memories and
-# skills before the context is wiped. Persistent memory carries across sessions.
-#
-session_reset:
-  mode: both           # "both", "idle", "daily", or "none"
-  idle_minutes: 1440   # Inactivity timeout in minutes (default: 1440 = 24 hours)
-  at_hour: 4           # Daily reset hour, 0-23 local time (default: 4 AM)
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Skills Configuration
-# =============================================================================
-# Skills are reusable procedures the agent can load and follow. The agent can
-# also create new skills after completing complex tasks.
-#
-skills:
-  # Nudge the agent to create skills after complex tasks.
-  # Every N tool-calling iterations, remind the model to consider saving a skill.
-  # Set to 0 to disable.
-  creation_nudge_interval: 15
 
 # =============================================================================
 # Agent Behavior
@@ -343,10 +154,9 @@ agent:
   # Enable verbose logging
   verbose: false
   
-  # Reasoning effort level (OpenRouter and Nous Portal)
-  # Controls how much "thinking" the model does before responding.
-  # Options: "xhigh" (max), "high", "medium", "low", "minimal", "none" (disable)
-  reasoning_effort: "medium"
+  # Custom system prompt (personality, instructions, etc.)
+  # Leave empty or remove to use default agent behavior
+  system_prompt: ""
   
   # Predefined personalities (use with /personality command)
   personalities:
@@ -371,111 +181,19 @@ agent:
 # Control which tools the agent has access to.
 # Use "all" to enable everything, or specify individual toolsets.
 
-# =============================================================================
-# Platform Toolsets (per-platform tool configuration)
-# =============================================================================
-# Override which toolsets are available on each platform.
-# If a platform isn't listed here, its built-in default is used.
-#
-# You can use EITHER:
-#   - A preset like "hermes-cli" or "hermes-telegram" (curated tool set)
-#   - A list of individual toolsets to compose your own (see list below)
-#
-# Supported platform keys: cli, telegram, discord, whatsapp, slack
-#
-# Examples:
-#
-#   # Use presets (same as defaults):
-#   platform_toolsets:
-#     cli: [hermes-cli]
-#     telegram: [hermes-telegram]
-#
-#   # Custom: give Telegram only web + terminal + file + planning:
-#   platform_toolsets:
-#     telegram: [web, terminal, file, todo]
-#
-#   # Custom: CLI without browser or image gen:
-#   platform_toolsets:
-#     cli: [web, terminal, file, skills, todo, tts, cronjob]
-#
-#   # Restrictive: Discord gets read-only tools only:
-#   platform_toolsets:
-#     discord: [web, vision, skills, todo]
-#
-# If not set, defaults are:
-#   cli:           hermes-cli            (everything + cronjob management)
-#   telegram:      hermes-telegram       (terminal, file, web, vision, image, tts, browser, skills, todo, cronjob, messaging)
-#   discord:       hermes-discord        (same as telegram)
-#   whatsapp:      hermes-whatsapp       (same as telegram)
-#   slack:         hermes-slack          (same as telegram)
-#   signal:        hermes-signal         (same as telegram)
-#   homeassistant: hermes-homeassistant  (same as telegram)
-#
-platform_toolsets:
-  cli: [hermes-cli]
-  telegram: [hermes-telegram]
-  discord: [hermes-discord]
-  whatsapp: [hermes-whatsapp]
-  slack: [hermes-slack]
-  signal: [hermes-signal]
-  homeassistant: [hermes-homeassistant]
-
-# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Available toolsets (use these names in platform_toolsets or the toolsets list)
-#
-# Run `hermes chat --list-toolsets` to see all toolsets and their tools.
-# Run `hermes chat --list-tools` to see every individual tool with descriptions.
-# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-#
-# INDIVIDUAL TOOLSETS (compose your own):
-#   web          - web_search, web_extract
-#   search       - web_search only (no scraping)
-#   terminal     - terminal, process
-#   file         - read_file, write_file, patch, search
-#   browser      - browser_navigate, browser_snapshot, browser_click, browser_type,
-#                  browser_scroll, browser_back, browser_press, browser_close,
-#                  browser_get_images, browser_vision  (requires BROWSERBASE_API_KEY)
-#   vision       - vision_analyze  (requires OPENROUTER_API_KEY)
-#   image_gen    - image_generate  (requires FAL_KEY)
-#   skills       - skills_list, skill_view
-#   skills_hub   - skill_hub (search/install/manage from online registries — user-driven only)
-#   moa          - mixture_of_agents  (requires OPENROUTER_API_KEY)
-#   todo         - todo (in-memory task planning, no deps)
-#   tts          - text_to_speech  (Edge TTS free, or ELEVENLABS/OPENAI key)
-#   cronjob      - schedule_cronjob, list_cronjobs, remove_cronjob
-#   rl           - rl_list_environments, rl_start_training, etc. (requires TINKER_API_KEY)
-#
-# PRESETS (curated bundles):
-#   hermes-cli       - All of the above except rl + send_message
-#   hermes-telegram  - terminal, file, web, vision, image_gen, tts, browser,
-#                      skills, todo, cronjob, send_message
-#   hermes-discord   - Same as hermes-telegram
-#   hermes-whatsapp  - Same as hermes-telegram
-#   hermes-slack     - Same as hermes-telegram
-#
-# COMPOSITE:
-#   debugging    - terminal + web + file
-#   safe         - web + vision + moa (no terminal access)
-#   all          - Everything available
+# Available toolsets:
 #
 #   web          - Web search and content extraction (web_search, web_extract)
 #   search       - Web search only, no scraping (web_search)
-#   terminal     - Command execution and process management (terminal, process)
-#   file         - File operations: read, write, patch, search
+#   terminal     - Command execution (terminal)
 #   browser      - Full browser automation (navigate, click, type, screenshot, etc.)
 #   vision       - Image analysis (vision_analyze)
 #   image_gen    - Image generation with FLUX (image_generate)
-#   skills       - Load skill documents (skills_list, skill_view)
+#   skills       - Load skill documents (skills_categories, skills_list, skill_view)
 #   moa          - Mixture of Agents reasoning (mixture_of_agents)
-#   todo         - Task planning and tracking for multi-step work
-#   memory       - Persistent memory across sessions (personal notes + user profile)
-#   session_search - Search and recall past conversations (FTS5 + Gemini Flash summarization)
-#   tts          - Text-to-speech (Edge TTS free, ElevenLabs, OpenAI)
-#   cronjob      - Schedule and manage automated tasks (CLI-only)
-#   rl           - RL training tools (Tinker-Atropos)
 #
 # Composite toolsets:
-#   debugging    - terminal + web + file (for troubleshooting)
+#   debugging    - terminal + web (for troubleshooting)
 #   safe         - web + vision + moa (no terminal access)
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -526,74 +244,6 @@ toolsets:
 # toolsets:
 #   - safe
 
-# =============================================================================
-# MCP (Model Context Protocol) Servers
-# =============================================================================
-# Connect to external MCP servers to add tools from the MCP ecosystem.
-# Each server's tools are automatically discovered and registered.
-# See docs/mcp.md for full documentation.
-#
-# Stdio servers (spawn a subprocess):
-#   command: the executable to run
-#   args: command-line arguments
-#   env: environment variables (only these + safe defaults passed to subprocess)
-#
-# HTTP servers (connect to a URL):
-#   url: the MCP server endpoint
-#   headers: HTTP headers (e.g., for authentication)
-#
-# Optional per-server settings:
-#   timeout: tool call timeout in seconds (default: 120)
-#   connect_timeout: initial connection timeout (default: 60)
-#
-# mcp_servers:
-#   time:
-#     command: uvx
-#     args: ["mcp-server-time"]
-#   filesystem:
-#     command: npx
-#     args: ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem", "/home/user"]
-#   notion:
-#     url: https://mcp.notion.com/mcp
-#   github:
-#     command: npx
-#     args: ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-github"]
-#     env:
-#       GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN: "ghp_..."
-#
-# Sampling (server-initiated LLM requests) — enabled by default.
-# Per-server config under the 'sampling' key:
-#   analysis:
-#     command: npx
-#     args: ["-y", "analysis-server"]
-#     sampling:
-#       enabled: true           # default: true
-#       model: "gemini-3-flash" # override model (optional)
-#       max_tokens_cap: 4096    # max tokens per request
-#       timeout: 30             # LLM call timeout (seconds)
-#       max_rpm: 10             # max requests per minute
-#       allowed_models: []      # model whitelist (empty = all)
-#       max_tool_rounds: 5      # tool loop limit (0 = disable)
-#       log_level: "info"       # audit verbosity
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Voice Transcription (Speech-to-Text)
-# =============================================================================
-# Automatically transcribe voice messages on messaging platforms.
-# Requires OPENAI_API_KEY in .env (uses OpenAI Whisper API directly).
-stt:
-  enabled: true
-  model: "whisper-1"  # whisper-1 (cheapest) | gpt-4o-mini-transcribe | gpt-4o-transcribe
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Response Pacing (Messaging Platforms)
-# =============================================================================
-# Add human-like delays between message chunks.
-# human_delay:
-#   mode: "off"      # "off" | "natural" | "custom"
-#   min_ms: 800      # Min delay (custom mode only)
-#   max_ms: 2500     # Max delay (custom mode only)
-
 # =============================================================================
 # Session Logging
 # =============================================================================
@@ -609,104 +259,9 @@ stt:
 # No configuration needed - logging is always enabled.
 # To disable, you would need to modify the source code.
 
-# =============================================================================
-# Code Execution Sandbox (Programmatic Tool Calling)
-# =============================================================================
-# The execute_code tool runs Python scripts that call Hermes tools via RPC.
-# Intermediate tool results stay out of the LLM's context window.
-code_execution:
-  timeout: 300         # Max seconds per script before kill (default: 300 = 5 min)
-  max_tool_calls: 50   # Max RPC tool calls per execution (default: 50)
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Subagent Delegation
-# =============================================================================
-# The delegate_task tool spawns child agents with isolated context.
-# Supports single tasks and batch mode (up to 3 parallel).
-delegation:
-  max_iterations: 50                          # Max tool-calling turns per child (default: 50)
-  default_toolsets: ["terminal", "file", "web"]  # Default toolsets for subagents
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Honcho Integration (Cross-Session User Modeling)
-# =============================================================================
-# AI-native persistent memory via Honcho (https://honcho.dev/).
-# Builds a deeper understanding of the user across sessions and tools.
-# Runs alongside USER.md — additive, not a replacement.
-#
-# Requires: pip install honcho-ai
-# Config: ~/.honcho/config.json (shared with Claude Code, Cursor, etc.)
-# API key: HONCHO_API_KEY in ~/.hermes/.env or ~/.honcho/config.json
-#
-# Hermes-specific overrides (optional — most config comes from ~/.honcho/config.json):
-# honcho: {}
-
 # =============================================================================
 # Display
 # =============================================================================
 display:
   # Use compact banner mode
   compact: false
-
-  # Tool progress display level (CLI and gateway)
-  #   off:     Silent — no tool activity shown, just the final response
-  #   new:     Show a tool indicator only when the tool changes (skip repeats)
-  #   all:     Show every tool call with a short preview (default)
-  #   verbose: Full args, results, and debug logs (same as /verbose)
-  # Toggle at runtime with /verbose in the CLI
-  tool_progress: all
-
-  # Background process notifications (gateway/messaging only).
-  # Controls how chatty the process watcher is when you use
-  # terminal(background=true, check_interval=...) from Telegram/Discord/etc.
-  #   off:     No watcher messages at all
-  #   result:  Only the final completion message
-  #   error:   Only the final message when exit code != 0
-  #   all:     Running output updates + final message (default)
-  background_process_notifications: all
-
-  # Play terminal bell when agent finishes a response.
-  # Useful for long-running tasks — your terminal will ding when the agent is done.
-  # Works over SSH. Most terminals can be configured to flash the taskbar or play a sound.
-  bell_on_complete: false
-
-  # ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-  # Skin / Theme
-  # ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-  # Customize CLI visual appearance — banner colors, spinner faces, tool prefix,
-  # response box label, and branding text. Change at runtime with /skin <name>.
-  #
-  # Built-in skins:
-  #   default  — Classic Hermes gold/kawaii
-  #   ares     — Crimson/bronze war-god theme with spinner wings
-  #   mono     — Clean grayscale monochrome
-  #   slate    — Cool blue developer-focused
-  #
-  # Custom skins: drop a YAML file in ~/.hermes/skins/<name>.yaml
-  # Schema (all fields optional, missing values inherit from default):
-  #
-  #   name: my-theme
-  #   description: Short description
-  #   colors:
-  #     banner_border: "#HEX"    # Panel border
-  #     banner_title: "#HEX"     # Panel title
-  #     banner_accent: "#HEX"    # Section headers (Available Tools, etc.)
-  #     banner_dim: "#HEX"       # Dim/muted text
-  #     banner_text: "#HEX"      # Body text (tool names, skill names)
-  #     ui_accent: "#HEX"        # UI accent color
-  #     response_border: "#HEX"  # Response box border color
-  #   spinner:
-  #     waiting_faces: ["(⚔)", "(⛨)"]       # Faces shown while waiting
-  #     thinking_faces: ["(⚔)", "(⌁)"]      # Faces shown while thinking
-  #     thinking_verbs: ["forging", "plotting"]  # Verbs for spinner messages
-  #     wings:                                # Optional left/right spinner decorations
-  #       - ["⟪⚔", "⚔⟫"]
-  #       - ["⟪▲", "▲⟫"]
-  #   branding:
-  #     agent_name: "My Agent"               # Banner title and branding
-  #     welcome: "Welcome message"           # Shown at CLI startup
-  #     response_label: " ⚔ Agent "         # Response box header label
-  #     prompt_symbol: "⚔ ❯ "              # Prompt symbol
-  #   tool_prefix: "╎"                       # Tool output line prefix (default: ┊)
-  #
-  skin: default

configs/run_browser_tasks.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Browser-focused data generation run
+# Uses browser-use-tasks.jsonl (6504 tasks)
+# Distribution: browser 97%, web 20%, vision 12%, terminal 15%
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/browser_tasks_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+echo "🌐 Running browser-focused tasks with browser_tasks distribution"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="browser-use-tasks.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="browser_tasks" \
+  --distribution="browser_tasks" \
+  --model="moonshotai/kimi-k2.5" \
+  --verbose \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --num_workers=50 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --resume \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You are an AI assistant with browser automation capabilities. Your primary task is to navigate and interact with web pages to accomplish user goals.
+
+IMPORTANT GUIDELINES:
+
+1. SEARCHING: Do NOT try to search directly on Google or other search engines via the browser - they block automated searches. Instead, ALWAYS use the web_search tool first to find URLs for any pages you need to visit, then use browser tools to navigate to those URLs.
+
+2. COOKIE/PRIVACY DIALOGS: After navigating to a page, ALWAYS check if there are cookie consent dialogs, privacy popups, or overlay modals blocking the page. These appear in snapshots as 'dialog' elements with buttons like 'Close', 'Accept', 'Accept All', 'Decline', 'I Agree', 'Got it', 'OK', or 'X'. You MUST dismiss these dialogs FIRST by clicking the appropriate button before trying to interact with other page elements. After dismissing a dialog, take a fresh browser_snapshot to get updated element references.
+
+3. HANDLING TIMEOUTS: If an action times out, it often means the element is blocked by an overlay or the page state has changed. Take a new snapshot to see the current page state and look for any dialogs or popups that need to be dismissed. If there is no dialog box to bypass, then try a new method or report the error to the user and complete the task.
+
+4. GENERAL: Use browser tools to click elements, fill forms, extract information, and perform web-based tasks. If terminal is available, use it for any local file operations or computations needed to support your web tasks. Be thorough in verifying your actions and handle any errors gracefully by retrying or trying alternative approaches." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+#  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \

configs/run_datagen_glm4.7-imagen.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate a timestamp for the log file
+TIMESTAMP=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
+LOG_FILE="logs/imagen_eval_gpt5_${TIMESTAMP}.log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/hermes-agent-imagen-data/hermes_agent_imagen_train_sft.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="imagen_train_sft_glm4.7" \
+  --distribution="image_gen" \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=50 \
+  --max_turns=25 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="When generating an image for the user view the image by using the vision_analyze tool to ensure it is what the user wanted. If it isn't feel free to retry a few times. If none are perfect, choose the best option that is the closest match, and explain its imperfections. If the image generation tool fails, try again a few times. If the vision analyze tool fails, provide the image to the user and explain it is your best effort attempt." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+#  --verbose \

configs/run_datagen_glm4.7.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/glm4.7-thinking-sft1_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/hermes-agent-agent-tasks-1/agent_tasks_sft_2.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="megascience_glm4.7-thinking-sft2" \
+  --distribution="science" \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=15 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you solve scientific, math, and technology problems presented to you. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used results. Always use the terminal or search tool if it can provide additional context, verify formulas, double check concepts and recent studies and understanding, doing all calculations, etc. You should only be confident in your own reasoning, knowledge, or calculations if you've exhaustively used all tools available to you to that can help you verify or validate your work. Always pip install any packages you need to use the python scripts you want to run. If you need to use a tool that isn't available, you can use the terminal tool to install or create it in many cases as well. Do not use the terminal tool to communicate with the user, as they cannot see your commands, only your final response after completing the task. Search for at least 3 sources, but not more than 12, so you can maintain focused context." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+#  --verbose \

configs/run_datagen_glm4.7_megascience.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/glm4.7-thinking-sft1-10k_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/hermes-agent-megascience-data/hermes_agent_megascience_sft_train_1_10k.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="megascience_glm4.7-thinking-sft1" \
+  --distribution="science" \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=50 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --resume \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you solve scientific, math, and technology problems presented to you. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used for furthering results. Always use the terminal or search tool if it can provide additional context, verify formulas, double check concepts and recent studies and understanding, doing all calculations, etc. You should only be confident in your own reasoning, knowledge, or calculations if you've exhaustively used all tools available to you to that can help you verify or validate your work. Always pip install any packages you need to use the python scripts you want to run. If you need to use a tool that isn't available, you can use the terminal tool to install or create it in many cases as well. Do not use the terminal tool to communicate with the user, as they cannot see your commands, only your final response after completing the task. Search for at least 3 sources, but not more than 12, so you can maintain a focused context." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+#  --verbose \

configs/run_datagen_glm4.7_raw_tasks.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/glm4.7-terminal-tasks_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/raw_tasks_prompts.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="terminal-tasks-glm4.7-thinking" \
+  --distribution="default" \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=50 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you complete coding, system administration, and general computing tasks. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used. Always use the terminal tool to execute commands, write code, install packages, and verify your work. You should test and validate everything you create. Always pip install any packages you need (use --break-system-packages if needed). If you need a tool that isn't available, you can use the terminal to install or create it. Do not use the terminal tool to communicate with the user, as they cannot see your commands, only your final response after completing the task. Use web search when you need to look up documentation, APIs, or current best practices." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+#  --verbose \
+#  --resume \
+

configs/run_datagen_megascience.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="hermes-agent-megascience-data/hermes_agent_megascience_eval.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=10 \
+  --run_name="megascience_eval_gpt5_2" \
+  --distribution="science" \
+  --model="gpt-5" \
+  --base_url="https://api.openai.com/v1" \
+  --api_key="${OPENAI_API_KEY}" \
+  --num_workers=5 \
+  --max_turns=30 \
+  --verbose \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you solve scientific, math, and technology problems presented to you. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used results. Always use a tool if it can provide additional context, verify formulas, double check concepts and recent studies and understanding, doing all calculations, etc. You should not be confident in your own reasoning, knowledge, or calculations without using a tool to verify or validate your work."

configs/run_datagen_minimax-3.1.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/hermes-agent-agent-tasks-1/agent_tasks_eval.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=50 \
+  --run_name="megascience_sft_minimax-m2.1-thinking-2-eval" \
+  --distribution="science" \
+  --model="minimax/minimax-m2.1" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="minimax" \
+  --num_workers=1 \
+  --max_turns=40 \
+  --verbose \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you solve scientific, math, and technology problems presented to you. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used results. Always use the terminal or search tool if it can provide additional context, verify formulas, double check concepts and recent studies and understanding, doing all calculations, etc. You should only be confident in your own reasoning, knowledge, or calculations if you've exhaustively used all tools available to you to that can help you verify or validate your work. Always pip install any packages you need to use the python scripts you want to run. If you need to use a tool that isn't available, you can use the terminal tool to install or create it in many cases as well. Do not use the terminal tool to communicate with the user, as they cannot see your commands, only your final response after completing the task. Search for at least 3 sources, but not more than 12."

configs/run_eval_glm4.7_newterm.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/glm4.7-terminal-tasks-newterm_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="source-data/hermes-agent-agent-tasks-1/agent_tasks_eval.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=1 \
+  --run_name="terminal-tasks-test-newterm" \
+  --distribution="terminal_only" \
+  --verbose \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=5 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a variety of tools to help you complete coding, system administration, and general computing tasks. You can use them in sequence and build off of the results of prior tools you've used. Always use the terminal tool to execute commands, write code, install packages, and verify your work. You should test and validate everything you create. Always pip install any packages you need (use --break-system-packages if needed). If you need a tool that isn't available, you can use the terminal to install or create it. Do not use the terminal tool to communicate with the user, as they cannot see your commands, only your final response after completing the task. Use web search when you need to look up documentation, APIs, or current best practices." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"
+
+#  --verbose \
+#  --resume \
+

configs/run_eval_terminal.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Terminal-only evaluation run using Modal sandboxes
+# Uses 10 sample tasks from nous-terminal-tasks
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/terminal_eval_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+echo "🔧 Using Modal sandboxes (TERMINAL_ENV=modal)"
+
+# Set terminal to use Modal
+export TERMINAL_ENV=modal
+export TERMINAL_MODAL_IMAGE=nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20
+export TERMINAL_TIMEOUT=300
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="nous-terminal-tasks_eval.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=5 \
+  --run_name="terminal_eval" \
+  --distribution="terminal_only" \
+  --model="z-ai/glm-4.7" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --providers_allowed="gmicloud,siliconflow,atlas-cloud,z-ai,novita" \
+  --num_workers=2 \
+  --max_turns=30 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a terminal tool for executing commands. Use it to complete the task. Install any packages you need with apt-get or pip (use --break-system-packages if needed). Do not use interactive tools (vim, nano, python repl). If git output is large, pipe to cat." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"

configs/run_mixed_tasks.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Mixed browser+terminal data generation run
+# Uses mixed-browser-terminal-tasks.jsonl (200 tasks)
+# Distribution: browser 92%, terminal 92%, web 35%, vision 15%, image_gen 15%
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/mixed_tasks_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+echo "🔀 Running mixed browser+terminal tasks with mixed_tasks distribution"
+
+# Set terminal environment
+# SIF images are automatically built/cached by terminal_tool.py
+export TERMINAL_ENV=singularity
+export TERMINAL_SINGULARITY_IMAGE="docker://nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
+export TERMINAL_TIMEOUT=300
+
+# Set up Apptainer cache directories (use /scratch if available, otherwise /tmp)
+if [ -d "/scratch" ] && [ -w "/scratch" ]; then
+    CACHE_BASE="/scratch/$USER/.apptainer"
+else
+    CACHE_BASE="/tmp/$USER/.apptainer"
+fi
+export APPTAINER_CACHEDIR="$CACHE_BASE"
+export APPTAINER_TMPDIR="$CACHE_BASE/tmp"
+mkdir -p "$APPTAINER_CACHEDIR" "$APPTAINER_TMPDIR"
+
+echo "📁 Apptainer cache: $APPTAINER_CACHEDIR"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="mixed-browser-terminal-tasks.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=20 \
+  --run_name="mixed_tasks" \
+  --distribution="mixed_tasks" \
+  --model="moonshotai/kimi-k2.5" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --num_workers=25 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You are an AI assistant capable of both browser automation and terminal operations. Use browser tools to navigate websites, interact with web pages, fill forms, and extract information. Use terminal tools to execute commands, write and run code, install packages (use --break-system-packages with pip if needed), and perform local computations. When web search is available, use it to find URLs, documentation, or current information. If vision is available, use it to analyze images or screenshots. If image generation is available, use it when the task requires creating images. Combine browser and terminal capabilities effectively - for example, you might use the browser to fetch data from a website and terminal to process or analyze it. Always verify your work and handle errors gracefully. Whenever you can do something in a terminal instead of a web browser, you should choose to do so, as it's much cheaper." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"

configs/run_terminal_tasks.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Terminal-focused data generation run
+# Uses nous-terminal-tasks.jsonl (597 tasks)
+# Distribution: terminal 97%, web 15%, browser 0%, vision 8%, image_gen 3%
+
+# Create logs directory if it doesn't exist
+mkdir -p logs
+
+# Generate log filename with timestamp
+LOG_FILE="logs/terminal_tasks_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
+
+echo "📝 Logging output to: $LOG_FILE"
+echo "💻 Running terminal-focused tasks with terminal_tasks distribution"
+
+# Set terminal environment
+# SIF images are automatically built/cached by terminal_tool.py
+export TERMINAL_ENV=singularity
+export TERMINAL_SINGULARITY_IMAGE="docker://nikolaik/python-nodejs:python3.11-nodejs20"
+export TERMINAL_TIMEOUT=300
+
+# Set up Apptainer cache directories (use /scratch if available, otherwise /tmp)
+if [ -d "/scratch" ] && [ -w "/scratch" ]; then
+    CACHE_BASE="/scratch/$USER/.apptainer"
+else
+    CACHE_BASE="/tmp/$USER/.apptainer"
+fi
+export APPTAINER_CACHEDIR="$CACHE_BASE"
+export APPTAINER_TMPDIR="$CACHE_BASE/tmp"
+mkdir -p "$APPTAINER_CACHEDIR" "$APPTAINER_TMPDIR"
+
+echo "📁 Apptainer cache: $APPTAINER_CACHEDIR"
+echo "🐳 Image: $TERMINAL_SINGULARITY_IMAGE (auto-converted to SIF on first use)"
+
+python batch_runner.py \
+  --dataset_file="nous-terminal-tasks.jsonl" \
+  --batch_size=5 \
+  --run_name="terminal_tasks-kimi-k2.5" \
+  --distribution="terminal_tasks" \
+  --model="moonshotai/kimi-k2.5" \
+  --verbose \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --num_workers=80 \
+  --max_turns=60 \
+  --providers_ignored="Novita" \
+  --resume \
+  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You have access to a terminal tool for executing commands and completing coding, system administration, and computing tasks. Use the terminal to write code, run scripts, install packages (use --break-system-packages with pip if needed), manipulate files, and verify your work. Always test and validate code you create. Do not use interactive tools like vim, nano, or python REPL. If git output is large, pipe to cat. When web search is available, use it to look up documentation, APIs, or best practices. If browser tools are available, use them for web interactions that require page manipulation. Do not use the terminal to communicate with the user - only your final response will be shown to them." \
+  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
+
+echo "✅ Log saved to: $LOG_FILE"

configs/test_run.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Check if a prompt argument was provided
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
+    echo "Error: Please provide a prompt as an argument"
+    echo "Usage: $0 \"your prompt here\""
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Get the prompt from the first argument
+PROMPT="$1"
+
+# Set debug mode for web tools
+export WEB_TOOLS_DEBUG=true
+
+# Run the agent with the provided prompt
+python run_agent.py \
+  --query "$PROMPT" \
+  --max_turns 30 \
+  --model claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929 \
+  --base_url https://api.anthropic.com/v1/ \
+  --api_key $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY \
+  --save_trajectories

configs/test_skills_kimi.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Test skills tool with Kimi K2.5
+# Usage: ./configs/test_skills_kimi.sh "your query here"
+# Example: ./configs/test_skills_kimi.sh "List available skills and show me the vllm skill"
+
+# Default query if none provided
+QUERY="${1:-List all available skills. Then show me the axolotl skill and view one of its reference files.}"
+
+echo "🎯 Testing Skills Tool with Kimi K2.5"
+echo "📝 Query: $QUERY"
+echo "=" 
+
+python run_agent.py \
+  --enabled_toolsets=skills \
+  --model="moonshotai/kimi-k2.5" \
+  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
+  --max_turns=10 \
+  --verbose \
+  --save_sample \
+  --query="$QUERY"

cron/__init__.py

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ This module provides scheduled task execution, allowing the agent to:
 - Self-schedule reminders and follow-up tasks
 - Execute tasks in isolated sessions (no prior context)
 
-Cron jobs are executed automatically by the gateway daemon:
-    hermes gateway install    # Install as system service (recommended)
-    hermes gateway            # Or run in foreground
-
-The gateway ticks the scheduler every 60 seconds. A file lock prevents
-duplicate execution if multiple processes overlap.
+Usage:
+    # Run due jobs (for system cron integration)
+    python -c "from cron import tick; tick()"
+    
+    # Or via CLI
+    python cli.py --cron-daemon
 """
 
 from cron.jobs import (
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from cron.jobs import (
     update_job,
     JOBS_FILE,
 )
-from cron.scheduler import tick
+from cron.scheduler import tick, run_daemon
 
 __all__ = [
     "create_job",
@@ -31,5 +31,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "remove_job",
     "update_job",
     "tick",
+    "run_daemon",
     "JOBS_FILE",
 ]

cron/jobs.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ Output is saved to ~/.hermes/cron/output/{job_id}/{timestamp}.md
 """
 
 import json
-import tempfile
 import os
 import re
 import uuid
@@ -14,8 +13,6 @@ from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional, Dict, List, Any
 
-from hermes_time import now as _hermes_now
-
 try:
     from croniter import croniter
     HAS_CRONITER = True
@@ -26,35 +23,16 @@ except ImportError:
 # Configuration
 # =============================================================================
 
-HERMES_DIR = Path(os.getenv("HERMES_HOME", Path.home() / ".hermes"))
+HERMES_DIR = Path.home() / ".hermes"
 CRON_DIR = HERMES_DIR / "cron"
 JOBS_FILE = CRON_DIR / "jobs.json"
 OUTPUT_DIR = CRON_DIR / "output"
 
 
-def _secure_dir(path: Path):
-    """Set directory to owner-only access (0700). No-op on Windows."""
-    try:
-        os.chmod(path, 0o700)
-    except (OSError, NotImplementedError):
-        pass  # Windows or other platforms where chmod is not supported
-
-
-def _secure_file(path: Path):
-    """Set file to owner-only read/write (0600). No-op on Windows."""
-    try:
-        if path.exists():
-            os.chmod(path, 0o600)
-    except (OSError, NotImplementedError):
-        pass
-
-
 def ensure_dirs():
-    """Ensure cron directories exist with secure permissions."""
+    """Ensure cron directories exist."""
     CRON_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     OUTPUT_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    _secure_dir(CRON_DIR)
-    _secure_dir(OUTPUT_DIR)
 
 
 # =============================================================================
@@ -149,7 +127,7 @@ def parse_schedule(schedule: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     # Duration like "30m", "2h", "1d" → one-shot from now
     try:
         minutes = parse_duration(schedule)
-        run_at = _hermes_now() + timedelta(minutes=minutes)
+        run_at = datetime.now() + timedelta(minutes=minutes)
         return {
             "kind": "once",
             "run_at": run_at.isoformat(),
@@ -167,50 +145,37 @@ def parse_schedule(schedule: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     )
 
 
-def _ensure_aware(dt: datetime) -> datetime:
-    """Make a naive datetime tz-aware using the configured timezone.
-
-    Handles backward compatibility: timestamps stored before timezone support
-    are naive (server-local).  We assume they were in the same timezone as
-    the current configuration so comparisons work without crashing.
-    """
-    if dt.tzinfo is None:
-        tz = _hermes_now().tzinfo
-        return dt.replace(tzinfo=tz)
-    return dt
-
-
 def compute_next_run(schedule: Dict[str, Any], last_run_at: Optional[str] = None) -> Optional[str]:
     """
     Compute the next run time for a schedule.
-
+    
     Returns ISO timestamp string, or None if no more runs.
     """
-    now = _hermes_now()
-
+    now = datetime.now()
+    
     if schedule["kind"] == "once":
-        run_at = _ensure_aware(datetime.fromisoformat(schedule["run_at"]))
+        run_at = datetime.fromisoformat(schedule["run_at"])
         # If in the future, return it; if in the past, no more runs
         return schedule["run_at"] if run_at > now else None
-
+    
     elif schedule["kind"] == "interval":
         minutes = schedule["minutes"]
         if last_run_at:
             # Next run is last_run + interval
-            last = _ensure_aware(datetime.fromisoformat(last_run_at))
+            last = datetime.fromisoformat(last_run_at)
             next_run = last + timedelta(minutes=minutes)
         else:
             # First run is now + interval
             next_run = now + timedelta(minutes=minutes)
         return next_run.isoformat()
-
+    
     elif schedule["kind"] == "cron":
         if not HAS_CRONITER:
             return None
         cron = croniter(schedule["expr"], now)
         next_run = cron.get_next(datetime)
         return next_run.isoformat()
-
+    
     return None
 
 
@@ -235,20 +200,8 @@ def load_jobs() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
 def save_jobs(jobs: List[Dict[str, Any]]):
     """Save all jobs to storage."""
     ensure_dirs()
-    fd, tmp_path = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=str(JOBS_FILE.parent), suffix='.tmp', prefix='.jobs_')
-    try:
-        with os.fdopen(fd, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-            json.dump({"jobs": jobs, "updated_at": _hermes_now().isoformat()}, f, indent=2)
-            f.flush()
-            os.fsync(f.fileno())
-        os.replace(tmp_path, JOBS_FILE)
-        _secure_file(JOBS_FILE)
-    except BaseException:
-        try:
-            os.unlink(tmp_path)
-        except OSError:
-            pass
-        raise
+    with open(JOBS_FILE, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        json.dump({"jobs": jobs, "updated_at": datetime.now().isoformat()}, f, indent=2)
 
 
 def create_job(
@@ -284,7 +237,7 @@ def create_job(
         deliver = "origin" if origin else "local"
     
     job_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]
-    now = _hermes_now().isoformat()
+    now = datetime.now().isoformat()
     
     job = {
         "id": job_id,
@@ -363,7 +316,7 @@ def mark_job_run(job_id: str, success: bool, error: Optional[str] = None):
     jobs = load_jobs()
     for i, job in enumerate(jobs):
         if job["id"] == job_id:
-            now = _hermes_now().isoformat()
+            now = datetime.now().isoformat()
             job["last_run_at"] = now
             job["last_status"] = "ok" if success else "error"
             job["last_error"] = error if not success else None
@@ -396,7 +349,7 @@ def mark_job_run(job_id: str, success: bool, error: Optional[str] = None):
 
 def get_due_jobs() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
     """Get all jobs that are due to run now."""
-    now = _hermes_now()
+    now = datetime.now()
     jobs = load_jobs()
     due = []
     
@@ -408,7 +361,7 @@ def get_due_jobs() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
         if not next_run:
             continue
         
-        next_run_dt = _ensure_aware(datetime.fromisoformat(next_run))
+        next_run_dt = datetime.fromisoformat(next_run)
         if next_run_dt <= now:
             due.append(job)
     
@@ -420,13 +373,11 @@ def save_job_output(job_id: str, output: str):
     ensure_dirs()
     job_output_dir = OUTPUT_DIR / job_id
     job_output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    _secure_dir(job_output_dir)
     
-    timestamp = _hermes_now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")
+    timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")
     output_file = job_output_dir / f"{timestamp}.md"
     
     with open(output_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
         f.write(output)
-    _secure_file(output_file)
     
     return output_file

cron/scheduler.py

@@ -1,277 +1,63 @@
 """
 Cron job scheduler - executes due jobs.
 
-Provides tick() which checks for due jobs and runs them. The gateway
-calls this every 60 seconds from a background thread.
-
-Uses a file-based lock (~/.hermes/cron/.tick.lock) so only one tick
-runs at a time if multiple processes overlap.
+This module provides:
+- tick(): Run all due jobs once (for system cron integration)
+- run_daemon(): Run continuously, checking every 60 seconds
 """
 
-import asyncio
-import logging
 import os
 import sys
+import time
 import traceback
-
-# fcntl is Unix-only; on Windows use msvcrt for file locking
-try:
-    import fcntl
-except ImportError:
-    fcntl = None
-    try:
-        import msvcrt
-    except ImportError:
-        msvcrt = None
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
-from hermes_time import now as _hermes_now
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
 # Add parent directory to path for imports
 sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
 
 from cron.jobs import get_due_jobs, mark_job_run, save_job_output
 
-# Resolve Hermes home directory (respects HERMES_HOME override)
-_hermes_home = Path(os.getenv("HERMES_HOME", Path.home() / ".hermes"))
 
-# File-based lock prevents concurrent ticks from gateway + daemon + systemd timer
-_LOCK_DIR = _hermes_home / "cron"
-_LOCK_FILE = _LOCK_DIR / ".tick.lock"
-
-
-def _resolve_origin(job: dict) -> Optional[dict]:
-    """Extract origin info from a job, preserving any extra routing metadata."""
-    origin = job.get("origin")
-    if not origin:
-        return None
-    platform = origin.get("platform")
-    chat_id = origin.get("chat_id")
-    if platform and chat_id:
-        return origin
-    return None
-
-
-def _deliver_result(job: dict, content: str) -> None:
-    """
-    Deliver job output to the configured target (origin chat, specific platform, etc.).
-
-    Uses the standalone platform send functions from send_message_tool so delivery
-    works whether or not the gateway is running.
-    """
-    deliver = job.get("deliver", "local")
-    origin = _resolve_origin(job)
-
-    if deliver == "local":
-        return
-
-    thread_id = None
-
-    # Resolve target platform + chat_id
-    if deliver == "origin":
-        if not origin:
-            logger.warning("Job '%s' deliver=origin but no origin stored, skipping delivery", job["id"])
-            return
-        platform_name = origin["platform"]
-        chat_id = origin["chat_id"]
-        thread_id = origin.get("thread_id")
-    elif ":" in deliver:
-        platform_name, chat_id = deliver.split(":", 1)
-    else:
-        # Bare platform name like "telegram" — need to resolve to origin or home channel
-        platform_name = deliver
-        if origin and origin.get("platform") == platform_name:
-            chat_id = origin["chat_id"]
-            thread_id = origin.get("thread_id")
-        else:
-            # Fall back to home channel
-            chat_id = os.getenv(f"{platform_name.upper()}_HOME_CHANNEL", "")
-            if not chat_id:
-                logger.warning("Job '%s' deliver=%s but no chat_id or home channel. Set via: hermes config set %s_HOME_CHANNEL <channel_id>", job["id"], deliver, platform_name.upper())
-                return
-
-    from tools.send_message_tool import _send_to_platform
-    from gateway.config import load_gateway_config, Platform
-
-    platform_map = {
-        "telegram": Platform.TELEGRAM,
-        "discord": Platform.DISCORD,
-        "slack": Platform.SLACK,
-        "whatsapp": Platform.WHATSAPP,
-        "signal": Platform.SIGNAL,
-    }
-    platform = platform_map.get(platform_name.lower())
-    if not platform:
-        logger.warning("Job '%s': unknown platform '%s' for delivery", job["id"], platform_name)
-        return
-
-    try:
-        config = load_gateway_config()
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error("Job '%s': failed to load gateway config for delivery: %s", job["id"], e)
-        return
-
-    pconfig = config.platforms.get(platform)
-    if not pconfig or not pconfig.enabled:
-        logger.warning("Job '%s': platform '%s' not configured/enabled", job["id"], platform_name)
-        return
-
-    # Run the async send in a fresh event loop (safe from any thread)
-    try:
-        result = asyncio.run(_send_to_platform(platform, pconfig, chat_id, content, thread_id=thread_id))
-    except RuntimeError:
-        # asyncio.run() fails if there's already a running loop in this thread;
-        # spin up a new thread to avoid that.
-        import concurrent.futures
-        with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=1) as pool:
-            future = pool.submit(asyncio.run, _send_to_platform(platform, pconfig, chat_id, content, thread_id=thread_id))
-            result = future.result(timeout=30)
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error("Job '%s': delivery to %s:%s failed: %s", job["id"], platform_name, chat_id, e)
-        return
-
-    if result and result.get("error"):
-        logger.error("Job '%s': delivery error: %s", job["id"], result["error"])
-    else:
-        logger.info("Job '%s': delivered to %s:%s", job["id"], platform_name, chat_id)
-        # Mirror the delivered content into the target's gateway session
-        try:
-            from gateway.mirror import mirror_to_session
-            mirror_to_session(platform_name, chat_id, content, source_label="cron", thread_id=thread_id)
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning("Job '%s': mirror_to_session failed: %s", job["id"], e)
-
-
-def run_job(job: dict) -> tuple[bool, str, str, Optional[str]]:
+def run_job(job: dict) -> tuple[bool, str, Optional[str]]:
     """
     Execute a single cron job.
     
     Returns:
-        Tuple of (success, full_output_doc, final_response, error_message)
+        Tuple of (success, output, error_message)
     """
     from run_agent import AIAgent
     
     job_id = job["id"]
     job_name = job["name"]
     prompt = job["prompt"]
-    origin = _resolve_origin(job)
     
-    logger.info("Running job '%s' (ID: %s)", job_name, job_id)
-    logger.info("Prompt: %s", prompt[:100])
-
-    # Inject origin context so the agent's send_message tool knows the chat
-    if origin:
-        os.environ["HERMES_SESSION_PLATFORM"] = origin["platform"]
-        os.environ["HERMES_SESSION_CHAT_ID"] = str(origin["chat_id"])
-        if origin.get("chat_name"):
-            os.environ["HERMES_SESSION_CHAT_NAME"] = origin["chat_name"]
-
+    print(f"[cron] Running job '{job_name}' (ID: {job_id})")
+    print(f"[cron] Prompt: {prompt[:100]}{'...' if len(prompt) > 100 else ''}")
+    
     try:
-        # Re-read .env and config.yaml fresh every run so provider/key
-        # changes take effect without a gateway restart.
-        from dotenv import load_dotenv
-        try:
-            load_dotenv(str(_hermes_home / ".env"), override=True, encoding="utf-8")
-        except UnicodeDecodeError:
-            load_dotenv(str(_hermes_home / ".env"), override=True, encoding="latin-1")
-
-        model = os.getenv("HERMES_MODEL") or os.getenv("LLM_MODEL") or "anthropic/claude-opus-4.6"
-
-        # Load config.yaml for model, reasoning, prefill, toolsets, provider routing
-        _cfg = {}
-        try:
-            import yaml
-            _cfg_path = str(_hermes_home / "config.yaml")
-            if os.path.exists(_cfg_path):
-                with open(_cfg_path) as _f:
-                    _cfg = yaml.safe_load(_f) or {}
-                _model_cfg = _cfg.get("model", {})
-                if isinstance(_model_cfg, str):
-                    model = _model_cfg
-                elif isinstance(_model_cfg, dict):
-                    model = _model_cfg.get("default", model)
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning("Job '%s': failed to load config.yaml, using defaults: %s", job_id, e)
-
-        # Reasoning config from env or config.yaml
-        reasoning_config = None
-        effort = os.getenv("HERMES_REASONING_EFFORT", "")
-        if not effort:
-            effort = str(_cfg.get("agent", {}).get("reasoning_effort", "")).strip()
-        if effort and effort.lower() != "none":
-            valid = ("xhigh", "high", "medium", "low", "minimal")
-            if effort.lower() in valid:
-                reasoning_config = {"enabled": True, "effort": effort.lower()}
-        elif effort.lower() == "none":
-            reasoning_config = {"enabled": False}
-
-        # Prefill messages from env or config.yaml
-        prefill_messages = None
-        prefill_file = os.getenv("HERMES_PREFILL_MESSAGES_FILE", "") or _cfg.get("prefill_messages_file", "")
-        if prefill_file:
-            import json as _json
-            pfpath = Path(prefill_file).expanduser()
-            if not pfpath.is_absolute():
-                pfpath = _hermes_home / pfpath
-            if pfpath.exists():
-                try:
-                    with open(pfpath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as _pf:
-                        prefill_messages = _json.load(_pf)
-                    if not isinstance(prefill_messages, list):
-                        prefill_messages = None
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.warning("Job '%s': failed to parse prefill messages file '%s': %s", job_id, pfpath, e)
-                    prefill_messages = None
-
-        # Max iterations
-        max_iterations = _cfg.get("agent", {}).get("max_turns") or _cfg.get("max_turns") or 90
-
-        # Provider routing
-        pr = _cfg.get("provider_routing", {})
-
-        from hermes_cli.runtime_provider import (
-            resolve_runtime_provider,
-            format_runtime_provider_error,
-        )
-        try:
-            runtime = resolve_runtime_provider(
-                requested=os.getenv("HERMES_INFERENCE_PROVIDER"),
-            )
-        except Exception as exc:
-            message = format_runtime_provider_error(exc)
-            raise RuntimeError(message) from exc
-
+        # Create agent with default settings
+        # Jobs run in isolated sessions (no prior context)
         agent = AIAgent(
-            model=model,
-            api_key=runtime.get("api_key"),
-            base_url=runtime.get("base_url"),
-            provider=runtime.get("provider"),
-            api_mode=runtime.get("api_mode"),
-            max_iterations=max_iterations,
-            reasoning_config=reasoning_config,
-            prefill_messages=prefill_messages,
-            providers_allowed=pr.get("only"),
-            providers_ignored=pr.get("ignore"),
-            providers_order=pr.get("order"),
-            provider_sort=pr.get("sort"),
+            model=os.getenv("HERMES_MODEL", "anthropic/claude-opus-4.6"),
             quiet_mode=True,
-            session_id=f"cron_{job_id}_{_hermes_now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')}"
+            session_id=f"cron_{job_id}_{datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')}"
         )
         
+        # Run the conversation
         result = agent.run_conversation(prompt)
         
+        # Extract final response
         final_response = result.get("final_response", "")
         if not final_response:
             final_response = "(No response generated)"
         
+        # Build output document
         output = f"""# Cron Job: {job_name}
 
 **Job ID:** {job_id}
-**Run Time:** {_hermes_now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}
+**Run Time:** {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}
 **Schedule:** {job.get('schedule_display', 'N/A')}
 
 ## Prompt
@@ -283,17 +69,18 @@ def run_job(job: dict) -> tuple[bool, str, str, Optional[str]]:
 {final_response}
 """
         
-        logger.info("Job '%s' completed successfully", job_name)
-        return True, output, final_response, None
+        print(f"[cron] Job '{job_name}' completed successfully")
+        return True, output, None
         
     except Exception as e:
         error_msg = f"{type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}"
-        logger.error("Job '%s' failed: %s", job_name, error_msg)
+        print(f"[cron] Job '{job_name}' failed: {error_msg}")
         
+        # Build error output
         output = f"""# Cron Job: {job_name} (FAILED)
 
 **Job ID:** {job_id}
-**Run Time:** {_hermes_now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}
+**Run Time:** {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}
 **Schedule:** {job.get('schedule_display', 'N/A')}
 
 ## Prompt
@@ -308,88 +95,94 @@ def run_job(job: dict) -> tuple[bool, str, str, Optional[str]]:
 {traceback.format_exc()}
 ```
 """
-        return False, output, "", error_msg
-
-    finally:
-        # Clean up injected env vars so they don't leak to other jobs
-        for key in ("HERMES_SESSION_PLATFORM", "HERMES_SESSION_CHAT_ID", "HERMES_SESSION_CHAT_NAME"):
-            os.environ.pop(key, None)
+        return False, output, error_msg
 
 
 def tick(verbose: bool = True) -> int:
     """
     Check and run all due jobs.
     
-    Uses a file lock so only one tick runs at a time, even if the gateway's
-    in-process ticker and a standalone daemon or manual tick overlap.
+    This is designed to be called by system cron every minute:
+        */1 * * * * cd ~/hermes-agent && python -c "from cron import tick; tick()"
     
     Args:
         verbose: Whether to print status messages
     
     Returns:
-        Number of jobs executed (0 if another tick is already running)
+        Number of jobs executed
     """
-    _LOCK_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    # Cross-platform file locking: fcntl on Unix, msvcrt on Windows
-    lock_fd = None
-    try:
-        lock_fd = open(_LOCK_FILE, "w")
-        if fcntl:
-            fcntl.flock(lock_fd, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
-        elif msvcrt:
-            msvcrt.locking(lock_fd.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_NBLCK, 1)
-    except (OSError, IOError):
-        logger.debug("Tick skipped — another instance holds the lock")
-        if lock_fd is not None:
-            lock_fd.close()
+    due_jobs = get_due_jobs()
+    
+    if verbose and not due_jobs:
+        print(f"[cron] {datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S')} - No jobs due")
         return 0
+    
+    if verbose:
+        print(f"[cron] {datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S')} - {len(due_jobs)} job(s) due")
+    
+    executed = 0
+    for job in due_jobs:
+        try:
+            success, output, error = run_job(job)
+            
+            # Save output to file
+            output_file = save_job_output(job["id"], output)
+            if verbose:
+                print(f"[cron] Output saved to: {output_file}")
+            
+            # Mark job as run (handles repeat counting, next_run computation)
+            mark_job_run(job["id"], success, error)
+            executed += 1
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"[cron] Error processing job {job['id']}: {e}")
+            mark_job_run(job["id"], False, str(e))
+    
+    return executed
 
+
+def run_daemon(check_interval: int = 60, verbose: bool = True):
+    """
+    Run the cron daemon continuously.
+    
+    Checks for due jobs every `check_interval` seconds.
+    
+    Args:
+        check_interval: Seconds between checks (default: 60)
+        verbose: Whether to print status messages
+    """
+    print(f"[cron] Starting daemon (checking every {check_interval}s)")
+    print(f"[cron] Press Ctrl+C to stop")
+    print()
+    
     try:
-        due_jobs = get_due_jobs()
-
-        if verbose and not due_jobs:
-            logger.info("%s - No jobs due", _hermes_now().strftime('%H:%M:%S'))
-            return 0
-
-        if verbose:
-            logger.info("%s - %s job(s) due", _hermes_now().strftime('%H:%M:%S'), len(due_jobs))
-
-        executed = 0
-        for job in due_jobs:
+        while True:
             try:
-                success, output, final_response, error = run_job(job)
-
-                output_file = save_job_output(job["id"], output)
-                if verbose:
-                    logger.info("Output saved to: %s", output_file)
-
-                # Deliver the final response to the origin/target chat
-                deliver_content = final_response if success else f"⚠️ Cron job '{job.get('name', job['id'])}' failed:\n{error}"
-                if deliver_content:
-                    try:
-                        _deliver_result(job, deliver_content)
-                    except Exception as de:
-                        logger.error("Delivery failed for job %s: %s", job["id"], de)
-
-                mark_job_run(job["id"], success, error)
-                executed += 1
-
+                tick(verbose=verbose)
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error("Error processing job %s: %s", job['id'], e)
-                mark_job_run(job["id"], False, str(e))
-
-        return executed
-    finally:
-        if fcntl:
-            fcntl.flock(lock_fd, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
-        elif msvcrt:
-            try:
-                msvcrt.locking(lock_fd.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_UNLCK, 1)
-            except (OSError, IOError):
-                pass
-        lock_fd.close()
+                print(f"[cron] Tick error: {e}")
+            
+            time.sleep(check_interval)
+            
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        print("\n[cron] Daemon stopped")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    tick(verbose=True)
+    # Allow running directly: python cron/scheduler.py [daemon|tick]
+    import argparse
+    
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Hermes Cron Scheduler")
+    parser.add_argument("mode", choices=["daemon", "tick"], default="tick", nargs="?",
+                        help="Mode: 'tick' to run once, 'daemon' to run continuously")
+    parser.add_argument("--interval", type=int, default=60,
+                        help="Check interval in seconds for daemon mode")
+    parser.add_argument("--quiet", "-q", action="store_true",
+                        help="Suppress status messages")
+    
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    
+    if args.mode == "daemon":
+        run_daemon(check_interval=args.interval, verbose=not args.quiet)
+    else:
+        tick(verbose=not args.quiet)

datagen-config-examples/example_browser_tasks.jsonl

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{"prompt": "Go to https://news.ycombinator.com and find the top 5 posts on the front page. For each post, get the title, URL, points, and number of comments. Return the results as a formatted summary."}
-{"prompt": "Navigate to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermes and extract the first paragraph of the article, the image caption, and the list of items in the infobox. Summarize what you find."}
-{"prompt": "Go to https://github.com/trending and find the top 3 trending repositories today. For each repo, get the name, description, language, and star count. Write the results to a file called trending_repos.md."}
-{"prompt": "Visit https://httpbin.org/forms/post and fill out the form with sample data (customer name: Jane Doe, size: Medium, topping: Bacon, delivery time: 12:00). Submit the form and report what the response page shows."}
-{"prompt": "Navigate to https://books.toscrape.com, browse to the Travel category, find the highest-rated book, and extract its title, price, availability, and description."}

datagen-config-examples/run_browser_tasks.sh

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Example: Browser-Focused Data Generation
-# =============================================================================
-#
-# Generates tool-calling trajectories for browser automation tasks.
-# The agent navigates websites, fills forms, extracts information, etc.
-#
-# Distribution: browser 97%, web 20%, vision 12%, terminal 15%
-#
-# Prerequisites:
-#   - OPENROUTER_API_KEY in ~/.hermes/.env
-#   - BROWSERBASE_API_KEY in ~/.hermes/.env (for browser tools)
-#   - A dataset JSONL file with one {"prompt": "..."} per line
-#
-# Usage:
-#   cd ~/.hermes/hermes-agent
-#   bash datagen-config-examples/run_browser_tasks.sh
-#
-# Output: data/browser_tasks_example/trajectories.jsonl
-# =============================================================================
-
-mkdir -p logs
-
-LOG_FILE="logs/browser_tasks_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
-echo "📝 Logging to: $LOG_FILE"
-
-# Point to the example dataset in this directory
-SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
-
-python batch_runner.py \
-  --dataset_file="$SCRIPT_DIR/example_browser_tasks.jsonl" \
-  --batch_size=5 \
-  --run_name="browser_tasks_example" \
-  --distribution="browser_tasks" \
-  --model="anthropic/claude-sonnet-4" \
-  --base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1" \
-  --num_workers=3 \
-  --max_turns=30 \
-  --ephemeral_system_prompt="You are an AI assistant with browser automation capabilities. Your primary task is to navigate and interact with web pages to accomplish user goals.
-
-IMPORTANT GUIDELINES:
-
-1. SEARCHING: Do NOT search directly on Google via the browser — they block automated searches. Use the web_search tool first to find URLs, then navigate to them with browser tools.
-
-2. COOKIE/PRIVACY DIALOGS: After navigating to a page, check for cookie consent or privacy popups. Dismiss them by clicking Accept/Close/OK before interacting with other elements. Take a fresh browser_snapshot afterward.
-
-3. HANDLING TIMEOUTS: If an action times out, the element may be blocked by an overlay. Take a new snapshot and look for dialogs to dismiss. If none, try an alternative approach or report the issue.
-
-4. GENERAL: Use browser tools to click, fill forms, and extract information. Use terminal for local file operations. Verify your actions and handle errors gracefully." \
-  2>&1 | tee "$LOG_FILE"
-
-echo "✅ Done. Log: $LOG_FILE"
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Common options you can add:
-#
-#   --resume                  Resume from checkpoint if interrupted
-#   --verbose                 Enable detailed logging
-#   --max_tokens=63000        Set max response tokens
-#   --reasoning_disabled      Disable model thinking/reasoning tokens
-#   --providers_allowed="anthropic,google"  Restrict to specific providers
-#   --prefill_messages_file="configs/prefill.json"  Few-shot priming
-# =============================================================================

datagen-config-examples/web_research.yaml

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# datagen-config-examples/web_research.yaml
-#
-# Batch data generation config for WebResearchEnv.
-# Generates tool-calling trajectories for multi-step web research tasks.
-#
-# Usage:
-#   python batch_runner.py \
-#     --config datagen-config-examples/web_research.yaml \
-#     --run_name web_research_v1
-
-environment: web-research
-
-# Toolsets available to the agent during data generation
-toolsets:
-  - web
-  - file
-
-# How many parallel workers to use
-num_workers: 4
-
-# Questions per batch
-batch_size: 20
-
-# Total trajectories to generate (comment out to run full dataset)
-max_items: 500
-
-# Model to use for generation (override with --model flag)
-model: openrouter/nousresearch/hermes-3-llama-3.1-405b
-
-# System prompt additions (ephemeral — not saved to trajectories)
-ephemeral_system_prompt: |
-  You are a highly capable research agent. When asked a factual question,
-  always use web_search to find current, accurate information before answering.
-  Cite at least 2 sources. Be concise and accurate.
-
-# Output directory
-output_dir: data/web_research_v1
-
-# Trajectory compression settings (for fitting into training token budgets)
-compression:
-  enabled: true
-  target_max_tokens: 16000
-
-# Eval settings
-eval_every: 100       # Run eval every N trajectories
-eval_size: 25         # Number of held-out questions per eval run

docs/MODAL_BACKEND.md

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+# Modal Backend
+
+Hermes Agent uses [Modal](https://modal.com) for scalable, isolated cloud execution environments. There are two Modal integrations:
+
+1. **Terminal Tool** (`tools/terminal_tool.py`) - For CLI/agent command execution
+2. **Atropos Backend** (`atropos/backends/modal_backend.py`) - For batch RL training workloads
+
+
+
+---
+
+## Terminal Tool (CLI/Agent)
+
+The terminal tool provides a simple interface for executing commands in Modal sandboxes.
+
+### Configuration
+
+Set environment variables:
+
+```bash
+export TERMINAL_ENV=modal
+export TERMINAL_MODAL_IMAGE=python:3.11
+export TERMINAL_MODAL_APP_NAME=hermes-sandbox
+```
+
+Or use a YAML config file (`modal_profiles.yaml`):
+
+```yaml
+profiles:
+  default:
+    image: python:3.11
+    cpu: 1.0
+    memory: 2048
+    min_pool: 1
+    max_pool: 5
+    idle_timeout: 120
+
+  gpu:
+    image: pytorch/pytorch:2.1.0-cuda12.1-cudnn8-runtime
+    gpu: T4
+    memory: 16384
+    min_pool: 0
+    max_pool: 2
+```
+
+### Features
+
+| Feature | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| **Sandbox Pool** | Pre-warmed sandboxes for low latency |
+| **Auto-scaling** | Grows/shrinks pool based on demand |
+| **Idle Timeout** | Sandboxes auto-terminate when unused |
+| **Profile Selection** | Different configs for different workloads |
+| **Credential Injection** | `modal.Secret` integration |
+
+### Usage
+
+```python
+from tools.terminal_tool import terminal_tool
+
+# Simple command
+output = terminal_tool("echo hello", task_id="my-task")
+
+# With profile selection
+output = terminal_tool("python train.py", task_id="training", profile="gpu")
+
+# Cleanup when done
+from tools.terminal_tool import cleanup_vm
+cleanup_vm("my-task")
+```
+
+### Architecture
+
+```
+_ModalPoolManager (singleton)
+    ├── "default" pool → [sandbox-0, sandbox-1, ...]
+    └── "gpu" pool     → [sandbox-0, ...]
+
+Each pool:
+  - Maintains min_pool warm sandboxes
+  - Scales up to max_pool on demand  
+  - Background thread scales down idle sandboxes
+```
+
+---
+
+## Atropos Backend (RL Training)
+
+The Atropos backend is designed for high-throughput batch execution during reinforcement learning training.
+
+### Key Concept: Slot-based Multiplexing
+
+Instead of one sandbox per trajectory, multiple trajectories share sandboxes via **slots**:
+
+```
+Sandbox (1 container)
+    ├── Slot 0 → Trajectory A (workspace: /data/slot_0)
+    ├── Slot 1 → Trajectory B (workspace: /data/slot_1)
+    └── Slot 2 → Trajectory C (workspace: /data/slot_2)
+```
+
+**Benefits**:
+- Fewer containers = lower cost
+- Shared warm-up time
+- Better GPU utilization
+
+### Configuration
+
+```python
+from atropos.backends.modal_backend import ModalSandboxConfig, ModalToolBackend
+
+config = ModalSandboxConfig(
+    name="default",
+    image="python:3.11",
+    cpu=1.0,
+    memory=2048,
+    slots_per_sandbox=10,  # 10 trajectories per container
+    min_sandboxes=1,
+    max_sandboxes=5,
+)
+
+backend = ModalToolBackend(config.with_app_name("my-training"))
+```
+
+### Multi-Profile Support
+
+Different trajectory types can request different resources:
+
+```python
+backend = ModalToolBackend.with_profiles(
+    app_name="rl-training",
+    profiles={
+        "default": ModalSandboxConfig(
+            name="default",
+            cpu=1.0,
+            memory=2048,
+        ),
+        "pytorch-gpu": ModalSandboxConfig(
+            name="pytorch-gpu",
+            image="pytorch/pytorch:2.1.0-cuda12.1-cudnn8-runtime",
+            gpu="T4",
+            memory=16384,
+        ),
+    }
+)
+
+# CPU task
+slot1 = await backend.acquire("traj-1", profile="default")
+
+# GPU task
+slot2 = await backend.acquire("traj-2", profile="pytorch-gpu")
+```
+
+### Batched Execution
+
+The key optimization - execute many commands in parallel:
+
+```python
+# Acquire slots for multiple trajectories
+slots = [await backend.acquire(f"traj-{i}") for i in range(50)]
+
+# Execute batch across all slots in parallel
+results = await backend.execute_batch([
+    (slot, "bash", {"command": "python step.py"})
+    for slot in slots
+])
+
+# Release slots
+for slot in slots:
+    await backend.release(slot)
+```
+
+### Architecture
+
+```
+ModalToolBackend
+    └── _ModalMultiProfileManager
+            ├── "default" → _ModalSandboxPool
+            │                   ├── Sandbox 0 (slots 0-9)
+            │                   └── Sandbox 1 (slots 0-9)
+            │
+            └── "pytorch-gpu" → _ModalSandboxPool
+                                    └── Sandbox 0 (slots 0-9)
+```
+
+---
+
+## Credentials
+
+Inject secrets securely using Modal's secret management:
+
+```bash
+# Create secret in Modal dashboard or CLI
+modal secret create my-api-key API_KEY=sk-xxx
+```
+
+```python
+# Reference in config
+config = ModalSandboxConfig(
+    secrets=["my-api-key"],  # Modal secret names
+    env_vars={"DEBUG": "1"},  # Additional env vars
+)
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### "Modal package not installed"
+```bash
+pip install modal
+modal token new  # Authenticate
+```
+
+### "Sandbox creation failed"
+- Check Modal dashboard for quota limits
+- Verify image exists and is accessible
+- Check secret names are correct
+
+### Shutdown errors
+These are harmless warnings during Python interpreter shutdown:
+```
+[Modal] Error terminating ...: cannot schedule new futures after interpreter shutdown
+```
+
+The sandboxes will auto-terminate via Modal's idle_timeout anyway.

docs/agents.md

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# Agents
+
+The agent is the core loop that orchestrates LLM calls and tool execution.
+
+## AIAgent Class
+
+The main agent is implemented in `run_agent.py`:
+
+```python
+class AIAgent:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model: str = "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4",
+        api_key: str = None,
+        base_url: str = "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1",
+        max_turns: int = 20,
+        enabled_toolsets: list = None,
+        disabled_toolsets: list = None,
+        verbose_logging: bool = False,
+    ):
+        # Initialize OpenAI client, load tools based on toolsets
+        ...
+    
+    def chat(self, user_message: str, task_id: str = None) -> str:
+        # Main entry point - runs the agent loop
+        ...
+```
+
+## Agent Loop
+
+The core loop in `_run_agent_loop()`:
+
+```
+1. Add user message to conversation
+2. Call LLM with tools
+3. If LLM returns tool calls:
+   - Execute each tool
+   - Add tool results to conversation
+   - Go to step 2
+4. If LLM returns text response:
+   - Return response to user
+```
+
+```python
+while turns < max_turns:
+    response = client.chat.completions.create(
+        model=model,
+        messages=messages,
+        tools=tool_schemas,
+    )
+    
+    if response.tool_calls:
+        for tool_call in response.tool_calls:
+            result = await execute_tool(tool_call)
+            messages.append(tool_result_message(result))
+        turns += 1
+    else:
+        return response.content
+```
+
+## Conversation Management
+
+Messages are stored as a list of dicts following OpenAI format:
+
+```python
+messages = [
+    {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant..."},
+    {"role": "user", "content": "Search for Python tutorials"},
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": None, "tool_calls": [...]},
+    {"role": "tool", "tool_call_id": "...", "content": "..."},
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": "Here's what I found..."},
+]
+```
+
+## Reasoning Context
+
+For models that support reasoning (chain-of-thought), the agent:
+1. Extracts `reasoning_content` from API responses
+2. Stores it in `assistant_msg["reasoning"]` for trajectory export
+3. Passes it back via `reasoning_content` field on subsequent turns
+
+## Trajectory Export
+
+Conversations can be exported for training:
+
+```python
+agent = AIAgent(save_trajectories=True)
+agent.chat("Do something")
+# Saves to trajectories/*.jsonl in ShareGPT format
+```
+
+## Batch Processing
+
+For processing multiple prompts, use `batch_runner.py`:
+
+```bash
+python batch_runner.py \
+    --dataset_file=prompts.jsonl \
+    --batch_size=20 \
+    --num_workers=4 \
+    --run_name=my_run
+```
+
+See `batch_runner.py` for parallel execution with checkpointing.

docs/cli.md

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+# CLI
+
+The Hermes Agent CLI provides an interactive terminal interface for working with the agent.
+
+## Running the CLI
+
+```bash
+# Basic usage
+./hermes
+
+# With specific model
+./hermes --model "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4"
+
+# With specific toolsets
+./hermes --toolsets "web,terminal,skills"
+
+# Verbose mode
+./hermes --verbose
+```
+
+## Architecture
+
+The CLI is implemented in `cli.py` and uses:
+
+- **Rich** - Welcome banner with ASCII art and styled panels
+- **prompt_toolkit** - Fixed input area with command history
+- **KawaiiSpinner** - Animated feedback during operations
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  HERMES-AGENT ASCII Logo                        │
+│  ┌─────────────┐ ┌────────────────────────────┐ │
+│  │  Caduceus   │ │ Model: claude-opus-4.5     │ │
+│  │  ASCII Art  │ │ Terminal: local            │ │
+│  │             │ │ Working Dir: /home/user    │ │
+│  │             │ │ Available Tools: 19        │ │
+│  │             │ │ Available Skills: 12       │ │
+│  └─────────────┘ └────────────────────────────┘ │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+│ Conversation output scrolls here...             │
+│                                                 │
+│ User: Hello!                                    │
+│ ────────────────────────────────────────────── │
+│   (◕‿◕✿) 🧠 pondering... (2.3s)                │
+│   ✧٩(ˊᗜˋ*)و✧ got it! (2.3s)                    │
+│                                                 │
+│ Assistant: Hello! How can I help you today?    │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ ❯ [Fixed input area at bottom]                  │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+## Commands
+
+| Command | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `/help` | Show available commands |
+| `/tools` | List available tools grouped by toolset |
+| `/toolsets` | List available toolsets with descriptions |
+| `/model [name]` | Show or change the current model |
+| `/prompt [text]` | View/set/clear custom system prompt |
+| `/personality [name]` | Set a predefined personality |
+| `/clear` | Clear screen and reset conversation |
+| `/reset` | Reset conversation only (keep screen) |
+| `/history` | Show conversation history |
+| `/save` | Save current conversation to file |
+| `/config` | Show current configuration |
+| `/quit` | Exit the CLI (also: `/exit`, `/q`) |
+
+## Configuration
+
+The CLI is configured via `cli-config.yaml`. Copy from `cli-config.yaml.example`:
+
+```bash
+cp cli-config.yaml.example cli-config.yaml
+```
+
+### Model Configuration
+
+```yaml
+model:
+  default: "anthropic/claude-opus-4.5"
+  base_url: "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1"
+```
+
+### Terminal Configuration
+
+The CLI supports multiple terminal backends:
+
+```yaml
+# Local execution (default)
+terminal:
+  env_type: "local"
+  cwd: "."  # Current directory
+
+# SSH remote execution (sandboxed - agent can't touch its own code)
+terminal:
+  env_type: "ssh"
+  cwd: "/home/myuser/project"
+  ssh_host: "my-server.example.com"
+  ssh_user: "myuser"
+  ssh_key: "~/.ssh/id_rsa"
+
+# Docker container
+terminal:
+  env_type: "docker"
+  docker_image: "python:3.11"
+
+# Singularity/Apptainer (HPC)
+terminal:
+  env_type: "singularity"
+  singularity_image: "docker://python:3.11"
+
+# Modal cloud
+terminal:
+  env_type: "modal"
+  modal_image: "python:3.11"
+```
+
+### Sudo Support
+
+The CLI supports interactive sudo prompts:
+
+```
+┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  🔐 SUDO PASSWORD REQUIRED                               │
+├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│  Enter password below (input is hidden), or:             │
+│    • Press Enter to skip (command fails gracefully)      │
+│    • Wait 45s to auto-skip                               │
+└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+
+  Password (hidden): 
+```
+
+**Options:**
+- **Interactive**: Leave `sudo_password` unset - you'll be prompted when needed
+- **Configured**: Set `sudo_password` in `cli-config.yaml` to auto-fill
+- **Environment**: Set `SUDO_PASSWORD` in `.env` for all runs
+
+Password is cached for the session once entered.
+
+### Toolsets
+
+Control which tools are available:
+
+```yaml
+# Enable all tools
+toolsets:
+  - all
+
+# Or enable specific toolsets
+toolsets:
+  - web
+  - terminal
+  - skills
+```
+
+Available toolsets: `web`, `search`, `terminal`, `browser`, `vision`, `image_gen`, `skills`, `moa`, `debugging`, `safe`
+
+### Personalities
+
+Predefined personalities for the `/personality` command:
+
+```yaml
+agent:
+  personalities:
+    helpful: "You are a helpful, friendly AI assistant."
+    kawaii: "You are a kawaii assistant! Use cute expressions..."
+    pirate: "Arrr! Ye be talkin' to Captain Hermes..."
+    # Add your own!
+```
+
+Built-in personalities:
+- `helpful`, `concise`, `technical`, `creative`, `teacher`
+- `kawaii`, `catgirl`, `pirate`, `shakespeare`, `surfer`
+- `noir`, `uwu`, `philosopher`, `hype`
+
+## Animated Feedback
+
+The CLI provides animated feedback during operations:
+
+### Thinking Animation
+
+During API calls, shows animated spinner with thinking verbs:
+```
+  ◜ (｡•́︿•̀｡) pondering... (1.2s)
+  ◠ (⊙_⊙) contemplating... (2.4s)
+  ✧٩(ˊᗜˋ*)و✧ got it! (3.1s)
+```
+
+### Tool Execution Animation
+
+Each tool type has unique animations:
+```
+  ⠋ (◕‿◕✿) 🔍 web_search... (0.8s)
+  ▅ (≧◡≦) 💻 terminal... (1.2s)
+  🌓 (★ω★) 🌐 browser_navigate... (2.1s)
+  ✧ (✿◠‿◠) 🎨 image_generate... (4.5s)
+```
+
+## Multi-line Input
+
+For multi-line input, end a line with `\` to continue:
+
+```
+❯ Write a function that:\
+  1. Takes a list of numbers\
+  2. Returns the sum
+```
+
+## Environment Variable Priority
+
+For terminal settings, `cli-config.yaml` takes precedence over `.env`:
+
+1. `cli-config.yaml` (highest priority in CLI)
+2. `.env` file
+3. System environment variables
+4. Default values
+
+This allows you to have different terminal configs for CLI vs batch processing.
+
+## Session Management
+
+- **History**: Command history is saved to `~/.hermes_history`
+- **Conversations**: Use `/save` to export conversations
+- **Reset**: Use `/clear` for full reset, `/reset` to just clear history
+- **Session Logs**: Every session automatically logs to `logs/session_{session_id}.json`
+
+### Session Logging
+
+Sessions are automatically logged to the `logs/` directory:
+
+```
+logs/
+├── session_20260201_143052_a1b2c3.json
+├── session_20260201_150217_d4e5f6.json
+└── ...
+```
+
+The session ID is displayed in the welcome banner and follows the format: `YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS_UUID`.
+
+Log files contain:
+- Full conversation history in trajectory format
+- Timestamps for session start and last update
+- Model and message count metadata
+
+This is useful for:
+- Debugging agent behavior
+- Replaying conversations
+- Training data inspection
+
+### Context Compression
+
+Long conversations can exceed model context limits. The CLI automatically compresses context when approaching the limit:
+
+```yaml
+# In cli-config.yaml
+compression:
+  enabled: true                    # Enable auto-compression
+  threshold: 0.85                  # Compress at 85% of context limit  
+  summary_model: "google/gemini-2.0-flash-001"
+```
+
+**How it works:**
+1. Tracks actual token usage from each API response
+2. When tokens reach threshold, middle turns are summarized
+3. First 3 and last 4 turns are always protected
+4. Conversation continues seamlessly after compression
+
+**When compression triggers:**
+```
+📦 Context compression triggered (170,000 tokens ≥ 170,000 threshold)
+   📊 Model context limit: 200,000 tokens (85% = 170,000)
+   🗜️  Summarizing turns 4-15 (12 turns)
+   ✅ Compressed: 20 → 9 messages (~45,000 tokens saved)
+```
+
+To disable compression:
+```yaml
+compression:
+  enabled: false
+```
+
+## Quiet Mode
+
+The CLI runs in "quiet mode" (`HERMES_QUIET=1`), which:
+- Suppresses verbose logging from tools
+- Enables kawaii-style animated feedback
+- Hides terminal environment warnings
+- Keeps output clean and user-friendly
+
+For verbose output (debugging), use:
+```bash
+./hermes --verbose
+```

docs/llm_client.md

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+# LLM Client
+
+Hermes Agent uses the OpenAI Python SDK with OpenRouter as the backend, providing access to many models through a single API.
+
+## Configuration
+
+```python
+from openai import OpenAI
+
+client = OpenAI(
+    api_key=os.getenv("OPENROUTER_API_KEY"),
+    base_url="https://openrouter.ai/api/v1"
+)
+```
+
+## Supported Models
+
+Any model available on [OpenRouter](https://openrouter.ai/models):
+
+```python
+# Anthropic
+model = "anthropic/claude-sonnet-4"
+model = "anthropic/claude-opus-4"
+
+# OpenAI
+model = "openai/gpt-4o"
+model = "openai/o1"
+
+# Google
+model = "google/gemini-2.0-flash"
+
+# Open models
+model = "meta-llama/llama-3.3-70b-instruct"
+model = "deepseek/deepseek-chat-v3"
+model = "moonshotai/kimi-k2.5"
+```
+
+## Tool Calling
+
+Standard OpenAI function calling format:
+
+```python
+response = client.chat.completions.create(
+    model=model,
+    messages=messages,
+    tools=[
+        {
+            "type": "function",
+            "function": {
+                "name": "web_search",
+                "description": "Search the web",
+                "parameters": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "properties": {
+                        "query": {"type": "string"}
+                    },
+                    "required": ["query"]
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    ],
+)
+
+# Check for tool calls
+if response.choices[0].message.tool_calls:
+    for tool_call in response.choices[0].message.tool_calls:
+        name = tool_call.function.name
+        args = json.loads(tool_call.function.arguments)
+        # Execute tool...
+```
+
+## Reasoning Models
+
+Some models return reasoning/thinking content:
+
+```python
+# Access reasoning if available
+message = response.choices[0].message
+if hasattr(message, 'reasoning_content') and message.reasoning_content:
+    reasoning = message.reasoning_content
+    # Store for trajectory export
+```
+
+## Provider Selection
+
+OpenRouter allows selecting specific providers:
+
+```python
+response = client.chat.completions.create(
+    model=model,
+    messages=messages,
+    extra_body={
+        "provider": {
+            "order": ["Anthropic", "Google"],  # Preferred providers
+            "ignore": ["Novita"],              # Providers to skip
+        }
+    }
+)
+```
+
+## Error Handling
+
+Common errors and handling:
+
+```python
+try:
+    response = client.chat.completions.create(...)
+except openai.RateLimitError:
+    # Back off and retry
+except openai.APIError as e:
+    # Check e.code for specific errors
+    # 400 = bad request (often provider-specific)
+    # 502 = bad gateway (retry with different provider)
+```
+
+## Cost Tracking
+
+OpenRouter returns usage info:
+
+```python
+usage = response.usage
+print(f"Tokens: {usage.prompt_tokens} + {usage.completion_tokens}")
+print(f"Cost: ${usage.cost:.6f}")  # If available
+```

docs/message_graph.md

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# Message Format & Trajectories
+
+Hermes Agent uses two message formats: the **API format** for LLM calls and the **trajectory format** for training data export.
+
+## API Message Format
+
+Standard OpenAI chat format used during execution:
+
+```python
+messages = [
+    # System prompt
+    {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant with tools..."},
+    
+    # User query
+    {"role": "user", "content": "Search for Python tutorials"},
+    
+    # Assistant with tool call
+    {
+        "role": "assistant",
+        "content": None,
+        "tool_calls": [{
+            "id": "call_abc123",
+            "type": "function",
+            "function": {
+                "name": "web_search",
+                "arguments": "{\"query\": \"Python tutorials\"}"
+            }
+        }]
+    },
+    
+    # Tool result
+    {
+        "role": "tool",
+        "tool_call_id": "call_abc123",
+        "content": "{\"results\": [...]}"
+    },
+    
+    # Final response
+    {"role": "assistant", "content": "Here's what I found..."}
+]
+```
+
+## Trajectory Format (ShareGPT)
+
+Exported for training in ShareGPT format:
+
+```json
+{
+    "conversations": [
+        {"from": "system", "value": "You are a helpful assistant..."},
+        {"from": "human", "value": "Search for Python tutorials"},
+        {"from": "gpt", "value": "<tool_call>\n{\"name\": \"web_search\", \"arguments\": {\"query\": \"Python tutorials\"}}\n</tool_call>"},
+        {"from": "tool", "value": "<tool_response>\n{\"results\": [...]}\n</tool_response>"},
+        {"from": "gpt", "value": "Here's what I found..."}
+    ],
+    "tools": "[{\"type\": \"function\", \"function\": {...}}]",
+    "source": "hermes-agent"
+}
+```
+
+## Reasoning Content
+
+For models that output reasoning/chain-of-thought:
+
+**During execution** (API format):
+```python
+# Stored internally but not sent back to model in content
+assistant_msg = {
+    "role": "assistant",
+    "content": "Here's what I found...",
+    "reasoning": "Let me think about this step by step..."  # Internal only
+}
+```
+
+**In trajectory export** (reasoning wrapped in tags):
+```json
+{
+    "from": "gpt",
+    "value": "<think>\nLet me think about this step by step...\n</think>\nHere's what I found..."
+}
+```
+
+## Conversion Flow
+
+```
+API Response → Internal Storage → Trajectory Export
+     ↓              ↓                    ↓
+tool_calls    reasoning field      <tool_call> tags
+reasoning_content                  <think> tags
+```
+
+The conversion happens in `_convert_to_trajectory_format()` in `run_agent.py`.
+
+## Ephemeral System Prompts
+
+Batch processing supports ephemeral system prompts that guide behavior during execution but are NOT saved to trajectories:
+
+```python
+# During execution: full system prompt + ephemeral guidance
+messages = [
+    {"role": "system", "content": SYSTEM_PROMPT + "\n\n" + ephemeral_prompt},
+    ...
+]
+
+# In saved trajectory: only the base system prompt
+trajectory = {
+    "conversations": [
+        {"from": "system", "value": SYSTEM_PROMPT},  # No ephemeral
+        ...
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+## Trajectory Compression
+
+Long trajectories can be compressed for training using `trajectory_compressor.py`:
+
+- Protects first/last N turns
+- Summarizes middle turns with LLM
+- Targets specific token budget
+- See `configs/trajectory_compression.yaml` for settings

docs/messaging.md

@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+# Messaging Platform Integrations (Gateway)
+
+Hermes Agent can connect to messaging platforms like Telegram, Discord, and WhatsApp to serve as a conversational AI assistant.
+
+## Quick Start
+
+```bash
+# 1. Set your bot token(s) in .env file
+echo 'TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN="your_telegram_bot_token"' >> .env
+echo 'DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN="your_discord_bot_token"' >> .env
+
+# 2. Test the gateway (foreground)
+./scripts/hermes-gateway run
+
+# 3. Install as a system service (runs in background)
+./scripts/hermes-gateway install
+
+# 4. Manage the service
+./scripts/hermes-gateway start
+./scripts/hermes-gateway stop
+./scripts/hermes-gateway restart
+./scripts/hermes-gateway status
+```
+
+**Quick test (without service install):**
+```bash
+python cli.py --gateway  # Runs in foreground, useful for debugging
+```
+
+## Architecture Overview
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                      Hermes Gateway                             │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                                                                 │
+│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
+│  │   Telegram   │  │   Discord    │  │   WhatsApp   │          │
+│  │   Adapter    │  │   Adapter    │  │   Adapter    │          │
+│  └──────┬───────┘  └──────┬───────┘  └──────┬───────┘          │
+│         │                 │                 │                   │
+│         └─────────────────┼─────────────────┘                   │
+│                           │                                     │
+│                  ┌────────▼────────┐                            │
+│                  │  Session Store  │                            │
+│                  │  (per-chat)     │                            │
+│                  └────────┬────────┘                            │
+│                           │                                     │
+│                  ┌────────▼────────┐                            │
+│                  │   AIAgent       │                            │
+│                  │   (run_agent)   │                            │
+│                  └─────────────────┘                            │
+│                                                                 │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+## Session Management
+
+### Session Persistence
+
+Sessions persist across messages until they reset. The agent remembers your conversation context.
+
+### Reset Policies
+
+Sessions reset based on configurable policies:
+
+| Policy | Default | Description |
+|--------|---------|-------------|
+| Daily | 4:00 AM | Reset at a specific hour each day |
+| Idle | 120 min | Reset after N minutes of inactivity |
+| Both | (combined) | Whichever triggers first |
+
+### Manual Reset
+
+Send `/new` or `/reset` as a message to start fresh.
+
+### Per-Platform Overrides
+
+Configure different reset policies per platform:
+
+```json
+{
+  "reset_by_platform": {
+    "telegram": { "mode": "idle", "idle_minutes": 240 },
+    "discord": { "mode": "idle", "idle_minutes": 60 }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Platform Setup
+
+### Telegram
+
+1. **Create a bot** via [@BotFather](https://t.me/BotFather)
+2. **Get your token** (looks like `123456789:ABCdefGHIjklMNOpqrsTUVwxyz`)
+3. **Set environment variable:**
+   ```bash
+   export TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN="your_token_here"
+   ```
+4. **Optional: Set home channel** for cron job delivery:
+   ```bash
+   export TELEGRAM_HOME_CHANNEL="-1001234567890"
+   export TELEGRAM_HOME_CHANNEL_NAME="My Notes"
+   ```
+
+**Requirements:**
+```bash
+pip install python-telegram-bot>=20.0
+```
+
+### Discord
+
+1. **Create an application** at [Discord Developer Portal](https://discord.com/developers/applications)
+2. **Create a bot** under your application
+3. **Get the bot token**
+4. **Enable required intents:**
+   - Message Content Intent
+   - Server Members Intent (optional)
+5. **Invite to your server** using OAuth2 URL generator (scopes: `bot`, `applications.commands`)
+6. **Set environment variable:**
+   ```bash
+   export DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN="your_token_here"
+   ```
+7. **Optional: Set home channel:**
+   ```bash
+   export DISCORD_HOME_CHANNEL="123456789012345678"
+   export DISCORD_HOME_CHANNEL_NAME="#bot-updates"
+   ```
+
+**Requirements:**
+```bash
+pip install discord.py>=2.0
+```
+
+### WhatsApp
+
+WhatsApp integration is more complex due to the lack of a simple bot API.
+
+**Options:**
+1. **WhatsApp Business API** (requires Meta verification)
+2. **whatsapp-web.js** via Node.js bridge (for personal accounts)
+
+**Bridge Setup:**
+1. Install Node.js
+2. Set up the bridge script (see `scripts/whatsapp-bridge/` for reference)
+3. Configure in gateway:
+   ```json
+   {
+     "platforms": {
+       "whatsapp": {
+         "enabled": true,
+         "extra": {
+           "bridge_script": "/path/to/bridge.js",
+           "bridge_port": 3000
+         }
+       }
+     }
+   }
+   ```
+
+## Configuration
+
+There are **three ways** to configure the gateway (in order of precedence):
+
+### 1. Environment Variables (`.env` file) - Recommended for Quick Setup
+
+Add to your `~/.hermes/.env` file:
+
+```bash
+# =============================================================================
+# MESSAGING PLATFORM TOKENS
+# =============================================================================
+
+# Telegram - get from @BotFather on Telegram
+TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN=your_telegram_bot_token
+TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789,987654321    # Security: restrict to these user IDs
+
+# Optional: Default channel for cron job delivery
+TELEGRAM_HOME_CHANNEL=-1001234567890
+TELEGRAM_HOME_CHANNEL_NAME="My Notes"
+
+# Discord - get from Discord Developer Portal
+DISCORD_BOT_TOKEN=your_discord_bot_token
+DISCORD_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789012345678      # Security: restrict to these user IDs
+
+# Optional: Default channel for cron job delivery
+DISCORD_HOME_CHANNEL=123456789012345678
+DISCORD_HOME_CHANNEL_NAME="#bot-updates"
+
+# WhatsApp - requires Node.js bridge setup
+WHATSAPP_ENABLED=true
+
+# =============================================================================
+# AGENT SETTINGS
+# =============================================================================
+
+# Max tool-calling iterations per conversation (default: 60)
+HERMES_MAX_ITERATIONS=60
+
+# Working directory for terminal commands (default: home ~)
+MESSAGING_CWD=/home/myuser
+
+# =============================================================================
+# TOOL PROGRESS NOTIFICATIONS
+# =============================================================================
+
+# Show progress messages as agent uses tools
+HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS=true
+
+# Mode: "new" (only when tool changes) or "all" (every tool call)
+HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS_MODE=new
+
+# =============================================================================
+# SESSION SETTINGS
+# =============================================================================
+
+# Reset sessions after N minutes of inactivity (default: 120)
+SESSION_IDLE_MINUTES=120
+
+# Daily reset hour in 24h format (default: 4 = 4am)
+SESSION_RESET_HOUR=4
+```
+
+### 2. Gateway Config File (`~/.hermes/gateway.json`) - Full Control
+
+For advanced configuration, create `~/.hermes/gateway.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "platforms": {
+    "telegram": {
+      "enabled": true,
+      "token": "your_telegram_token",
+      "home_channel": {
+        "platform": "telegram",
+        "chat_id": "-1001234567890",
+        "name": "My Notes"
+      }
+    },
+    "discord": {
+      "enabled": true,
+      "token": "your_discord_token",
+      "home_channel": {
+        "platform": "discord",
+        "chat_id": "123456789012345678",
+        "name": "#bot-updates"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "default_reset_policy": {
+    "mode": "both",
+    "at_hour": 4,
+    "idle_minutes": 120
+  },
+  "reset_by_platform": {
+    "discord": {
+      "mode": "idle",
+      "idle_minutes": 60
+    }
+  },
+  "always_log_local": true
+}
+```
+
+## Platform-Specific Toolsets
+
+Each platform has its own toolset for security:
+
+| Platform | Toolset | Capabilities |
+|----------|---------|--------------|
+| CLI | `hermes-cli` | Full access (terminal, browser, etc.) |
+| Telegram | `hermes-telegram` | Full tools including terminal |
+| Discord | `hermes-discord` | Full tools including terminal |
+| WhatsApp | `hermes-whatsapp` | Full tools including terminal |
+
+## User Experience Features
+
+### Typing Indicator
+
+The gateway keeps the "typing..." indicator active throughout processing, refreshing every 4 seconds. This lets users know the bot is working even during long tool-calling sequences.
+
+### Tool Progress Notifications
+
+When `HERMES_TOOL_PROGRESS=true`, the bot sends status messages as it works:
+
+```
+💻 `ls -la`...
+🔍 web_search...
+📄 web_extract...
+🎨 image_generate...
+```
+
+Terminal commands show the actual command (truncated to 50 chars). Other tools just show the tool name.
+
+**Modes:**
+- `new`: Only sends message when switching to a different tool (less spam)
+- `all`: Sends message for every single tool call
+
+### Working Directory
+
+- **CLI (`hermes` command)**: Uses current directory where you run the command
+- **Messaging**: Uses `MESSAGING_CWD` (default: home directory `~`)
+
+This is intentional: CLI users are in a terminal and expect the agent to work in their current directory, while messaging users need a consistent starting location.
+
+### Max Iterations
+
+If the agent hits the max iteration limit while working, instead of a generic error, it asks the model to summarize what it found so far. This gives you a useful response even when the task couldn't be fully completed.
+
+## Cron Job Delivery
+
+When scheduling cron jobs, you can specify where the output should be delivered:
+
+```
+User: "Remind me to check the server in 30 minutes"
+
+Agent uses: schedule_cronjob(
+  prompt="Check server status...",
+  schedule="30m",
+  deliver="origin"  # Back to this chat
+)
+```
+
+### Delivery Options
+
+| Option | Description |
+|--------|-------------|
+| `"origin"` | Back to where the job was created |
+| `"local"` | Save to local files only |
+| `"telegram"` | Telegram home channel |
+| `"discord"` | Discord home channel |
+| `"telegram:123456"` | Specific Telegram chat |
+
+## Dynamic Context Injection
+
+The agent knows where it is via injected context:
+
+```
+## Current Session Context
+
+**Source:** Telegram (group: Dev Team, ID: -1001234567890)
+**Connected Platforms:** local, telegram, discord
+
+**Home Channels:**
+  - telegram: My Notes (ID: -1001234567890)
+  - discord: #bot-updates (ID: 123456789012345678)
+
+**Delivery options for scheduled tasks:**
+- "origin" → Back to this chat (Dev Team)
+- "local" → Save to local files only
+- "telegram" → Home channel (My Notes)
+- "discord" → Home channel (#bot-updates)
+```
+
+## CLI Commands
+
+| Command | Description |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `/platforms` | Show gateway configuration and status |
+| `--gateway` | Start the gateway (CLI flag) |
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### "python-telegram-bot not installed"
+
+```bash
+pip install python-telegram-bot>=20.0
+```
+
+### "discord.py not installed"
+
+```bash
+pip install discord.py>=2.0
+```
+
+### "No platforms connected"
+
+1. Check your environment variables are set
+2. Check your tokens are valid
+3. Try `/platforms` to see configuration status
+
+### Session not persisting
+
+1. Check `~/.hermes/sessions/` exists
+2. Check session policies aren't too aggressive
+3. Verify no errors in gateway logs
+
+## Adding a New Platform
+
+To add a new messaging platform:
+
+### 1. Create the adapter
+
+Create `gateway/platforms/your_platform.py`:
+
+```python
+from gateway.platforms.base import BasePlatformAdapter, MessageEvent, SendResult
+from gateway.config import Platform, PlatformConfig
+
+class YourPlatformAdapter(BasePlatformAdapter):
+    def __init__(self, config: PlatformConfig):
+        super().__init__(config, Platform.YOUR_PLATFORM)
+    
+    async def connect(self) -> bool:
+        # Connect to the platform
+        ...
+    
+    async def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        # Disconnect
+        ...
+    
+    async def send(self, chat_id: str, content: str, ...) -> SendResult:
+        # Send a message
+        ...
+    
+    async def get_chat_info(self, chat_id: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        # Get chat information
+        ...
+```
+
+### 2. Register the platform
+
+Add to `gateway/config.py`:
+
+```python
+class Platform(Enum):
+    # ... existing ...
+    YOUR_PLATFORM = "your_platform"
+```
+
+### 3. Add to gateway runner
+
+Update `gateway/run.py` `_create_adapter()`:
+
+```python
+elif platform == Platform.YOUR_PLATFORM:
+    from gateway.platforms.your_platform import YourPlatformAdapter
+    return YourPlatformAdapter(config)
+```
+
+### 4. Create a toolset (optional)
+
+Add to `toolsets.py`:
+
+```python
+"hermes-your-platform": {
+    "description": "Your platform toolset",
+    "tools": [...],
+    "includes": []
+}
+```
+
+### 5. Configure
+
+Add environment variables to `.env`:
+
+```bash
+YOUR_PLATFORM_TOKEN=...
+YOUR_PLATFORM_HOME_CHANNEL=...
+```
+
+## Service Management
+
+### Linux (systemd)
+
+```bash
+# Install as user service
+./scripts/hermes-gateway install
+
+# Manage
+systemctl --user start hermes-gateway
+systemctl --user stop hermes-gateway
+systemctl --user restart hermes-gateway
+systemctl --user status hermes-gateway
+
+# View logs
+journalctl --user -u hermes-gateway -f
+
+# Enable lingering (keeps running after logout)
+sudo loginctl enable-linger $USER
+```
+
+### macOS (launchd)
+
+```bash
+# Install
+./scripts/hermes-gateway install
+
+# Manage
+launchctl start ai.hermes.gateway
+launchctl stop ai.hermes.gateway
+
+# View logs
+tail -f ~/.hermes/logs/gateway.log
+```
+
+### Manual (any platform)
+
+```bash
+# Run in foreground (for testing/debugging)
+./scripts/hermes-gateway run
+
+# Or via CLI (also foreground)
+python cli.py --gateway
+```
+
+## Storage Locations
+
+| Path | Purpose |
+|------|---------|
+| `~/.hermes/gateway.json` | Gateway configuration |
+| `~/.hermes/sessions/sessions.json` | Session index |
+| `~/.hermes/sessions/{id}.jsonl` | Conversation transcripts |
+| `~/.hermes/cron/output/` | Cron job outputs |
+| `~/.hermes/logs/gateway.log` | Gateway logs (macOS launchd) |

docs/skins/example-skin.yaml

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-# ============================================================================
-# Hermes Agent — Example Skin Template
-# ============================================================================
-#
-# Copy this file to ~/.hermes/skins/<name>.yaml to create a custom skin.
-# All fields are optional — missing values inherit from the default skin.
-# Activate with: /skin <name>  or  display.skin: <name> in config.yaml
-#
-# See hermes_cli/skin_engine.py for the full schema reference.
-# ============================================================================
-
-# Required: unique skin name (used in /skin command and config)
-name: example
-description: An example custom skin — copy and modify this template
-
-# ── Colors ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Hex color values for Rich markup. These control the CLI's visual palette.
-colors:
-  # Banner panel (the startup welcome box)
-  banner_border: "#CD7F32"        # Panel border
-  banner_title: "#FFD700"         # Panel title text
-  banner_accent: "#FFBF00"        # Section headers (Available Tools, Skills, etc.)
-  banner_dim: "#B8860B"           # Dim/muted text (separators, model info)
-  banner_text: "#FFF8DC"          # Body text (tool names, skill names)
-
-  # UI elements
-  ui_accent: "#FFBF00"            # General accent color
-  ui_label: "#4dd0e1"             # Labels
-  ui_ok: "#4caf50"                # Success indicators
-  ui_error: "#ef5350"             # Error indicators
-  ui_warn: "#ffa726"              # Warning indicators
-
-  # Input area
-  prompt: "#FFF8DC"               # Prompt text color
-  input_rule: "#CD7F32"           # Horizontal rule around input
-
-  # Response box
-  response_border: "#FFD700"      # Response box border (ANSI color)
-
-  # Session display
-  session_label: "#DAA520"        # Session label
-  session_border: "#8B8682"       # Session ID dim color
-
-# ── Spinner ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Customize the animated spinner shown during API calls and tool execution.
-spinner:
-  # Faces shown while waiting for the API response
-  waiting_faces:
-    - "(｡◕‿◕｡)"
-    - "(◕‿◕✿)"
-    - "٩(◕‿◕｡)۶"
-
-  # Faces shown during extended thinking/reasoning
-  thinking_faces:
-    - "(｡•́︿•̀｡)"
-    - "(◔_◔)"
-    - "(¬‿¬)"
-
-  # Verbs used in spinner messages (e.g., "pondering your request...")
-  thinking_verbs:
-    - "pondering"
-    - "contemplating"
-    - "musing"
-    - "ruminating"
-
-  # Optional: left/right decorations around the spinner
-  # Each entry is a [left, right] pair. Omit entirely for no wings.
-  # wings:
-  #   - ["⟪⚔", "⚔⟫"]
-  #   - ["⟪▲", "▲⟫"]
-
-# ── Branding ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Text strings used throughout the CLI interface.
-branding:
-  agent_name: "Hermes Agent"          # Banner title, about display
-  welcome: "Welcome! Type your message or /help for commands."
-  goodbye: "Goodbye! ⚕"              # Exit message
-  response_label: " ⚕ Hermes "       # Response box header label
-  prompt_symbol: "❯ "                 # Input prompt symbol
-  help_header: "(^_^)? Available Commands"  # /help header text
-
-# ── Tool Output ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Character used as the prefix for tool output lines.
-# Default is "┊" (thin dotted vertical line). Some alternatives:
-#   "╎" (light triple dash vertical)
-#   "▏" (left one-eighth block)
-#   "│" (box drawing light vertical)
-#   "┃" (box drawing heavy vertical)
-tool_prefix: "┊"

docs/tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+# Tools
+
+Tools are functions that extend the agent's capabilities. Each tool is defined with an OpenAI-compatible JSON schema and an async handler function.
+
+## Tool Structure
+
+Each tool module in `tools/` exports:
+1. **Schema definitions** - OpenAI function-calling format
+2. **Handler functions** - Async functions that execute the tool
+
+```python
+# Example: tools/web_tools.py
+
+# Schema definition
+WEB_SEARCH_SCHEMA = {
+    "type": "function",
+    "function": {
+        "name": "web_search",
+        "description": "Search the web for information",
+        "parameters": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "query": {"type": "string", "description": "Search query"}
+            },
+            "required": ["query"]
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# Handler function
+async def web_search(query: str) -> dict:
+    """Execute web search and return results."""
+    # Implementation...
+    return {"results": [...]}
+```
+
+## Tool Categories
+
+| Category | Module | Tools |
+|----------|--------|-------|
+| **Web** | `web_tools.py` | `web_search`, `web_extract`, `web_crawl` |
+| **Terminal** | `terminal_tool.py` | `terminal` (local/docker/singularity/modal/ssh backends) |
+| **Browser** | `browser_tool.py` | `browser_navigate`, `browser_click`, `browser_type`, etc. |
+| **Vision** | `vision_tools.py` | `vision_analyze` |
+| **Image Gen** | `image_generation_tool.py` | `image_generate` |
+| **Reasoning** | `mixture_of_agents_tool.py` | `mixture_of_agents` |
+| **Skills** | `skills_tool.py` | `skills_categories`, `skills_list`, `skill_view` |
+
+## Tool Registration
+
+Tools are registered in `model_tools.py`:
+
+```python
+# model_tools.py
+TOOL_SCHEMAS = [
+    *WEB_TOOL_SCHEMAS,
+    *TERMINAL_TOOL_SCHEMAS,
+    *BROWSER_TOOL_SCHEMAS,
+    # ...
+]
+
+TOOL_HANDLERS = {
+    "web_search": web_search,
+    "terminal": terminal_tool,
+    "browser_navigate": browser_navigate,
+    # ...
+}
+```
+
+## Toolsets
+
+Tools are grouped into **toolsets** for logical organization (see `toolsets.py`):
+
+```python
+TOOLSETS = {
+    "web": {
+        "description": "Web search and content extraction",
+        "tools": ["web_search", "web_extract", "web_crawl"]
+    },
+    "terminal": {
+        "description": "Command execution",
+        "tools": ["terminal"]
+    },
+    # ...
+}
+```
+
+## Adding a New Tool
+
+1. Create handler function in `tools/your_tool.py`
+2. Define JSON schema following OpenAI format
+3. Register in `model_tools.py` (schemas and handlers)
+4. Add to appropriate toolset in `toolsets.py`
+5. Update `tools/__init__.py` exports
+
+## Stateful Tools
+
+Some tools maintain state across calls within a session:
+
+- **Terminal**: Keeps container/sandbox running between commands
+- **Browser**: Maintains browser session for multi-step navigation
+
+State is managed per `task_id` and cleaned up automatically.
+
+## Terminal Backends
+
+The terminal tool supports multiple execution backends:
+
+| Backend | Description | Use Case |
+|---------|-------------|----------|
+| `local` | Direct execution on host | Development, simple tasks |
+| `ssh` | Remote execution via SSH | Sandboxing (agent can't modify its own code) |
+| `docker` | Docker container | Isolation, reproducibility |
+| `singularity` | Singularity/Apptainer | HPC clusters, rootless containers |
+| `modal` | Modal cloud | Scalable cloud compute, GPUs |
+
+Configure via environment variables or `cli-config.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+# SSH backend example (in cli-config.yaml)
+terminal:
+  env_type: "ssh"
+  ssh_host: "my-server.example.com"
+  ssh_user: "myuser"
+  ssh_key: "~/.ssh/id_rsa"
+  cwd: "/home/myuser/project"
+```
+
+The SSH backend uses ControlMaster for connection persistence, making subsequent commands fast.
+
+## Skills Tools (Progressive Disclosure)
+
+Skills are on-demand knowledge documents. They use **progressive disclosure** to minimize tokens:
+
+```
+Level 0: skills_categories()     → ["mlops", "devops"]           (~50 tokens)
+Level 1: skills_list(category)   → [{name, description}, ...]   (~3k tokens)
+Level 2: skill_view(name)        → Full content + metadata       (varies)
+Level 3: skill_view(name, path)  → Specific reference file       (varies)
+```
+
+Skill directory structure:
+```
+skills/
+└── mlops/
+    └── axolotl/
+        ├── SKILL.md           # Main instructions (required)
+        ├── references/        # Additional docs
+        └── templates/         # Output formats, configs
+```
+
+SKILL.md uses YAML frontmatter:
+```yaml
+---
+name: axolotl
+description: Fine-tuning LLMs with Axolotl
+tags: [Fine-Tuning, LoRA, DPO]
+---
+```

environments/README.md

@@ -1,334 +0,0 @@
-# Hermes-Agent Atropos Environments
-
-This directory contains the integration layer between **hermes-agent's** tool-calling capabilities and the **Atropos** RL training framework. It provides everything needed to run agentic LLMs through multi-turn tool-calling loops, score their output with arbitrary reward functions, and feed results into Atropos for training or evaluation.
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-```
-                        Atropos Framework
-                    ┌───────────────────────┐
-                    │       BaseEnv          │  (atroposlib)
-                    │  - Server management   │
-                    │  - Worker scheduling   │
-                    │  - Wandb logging       │
-                    │  - CLI (serve/process/ │
-                    │    evaluate)           │
-                    └───────────┬───────────┘
-                                │ inherits
-                    ┌───────────┴───────────┐
-                    │  HermesAgentBaseEnv    │  hermes_base_env.py
-                    │  - Terminal backend    │
-                    │  - Tool resolution     │
-                    │  - Agent loop          │
-                    │  - ToolContext          │
-                    │  - Async patches       │
-                    └───────────┬───────────┘
-                                │ inherits
-              ┌─────────────────┼─────────────────┐
-              │                 │                  │
-     TerminalTestEnv     HermesSweEnv    TerminalBench2EvalEnv
-     (stack testing)     (SWE training)   (TB2 benchmark eval)
-```
-
-### Inheritance Chain
-
-**BaseEnv** (from `atroposlib`) is the Atropos base class. It provides:
-- Server management (OpenAI-compatible API servers, VLLM, SGLang)
-- Worker scheduling for parallel rollouts
-- Wandb integration for metrics and rollout logging
-- CLI interface with three subcommands: `serve`, `process`, `evaluate`
-- `evaluate_log()` for saving eval results to JSON + samples.jsonl
-
-**HermesAgentBaseEnv** (`hermes_base_env.py`) extends BaseEnv with hermes-agent specifics:
-- Sets `os.environ["TERMINAL_ENV"]` to configure the terminal backend (local, docker, modal, daytona, ssh, singularity)
-- Resolves hermes-agent toolsets via `_resolve_tools_for_group()` (calls `get_tool_definitions()` which queries `tools/registry.py`)
-- Implements `collect_trajectory()` which runs the full agent loop and computes rewards
-- Supports two-phase operation (Phase 1: OpenAI server, Phase 2: VLLM ManagedServer)
-- Applies monkey patches for async-safe tool operation at import time
-
-Concrete environments inherit from `HermesAgentBaseEnv` and implement:
-- `setup()` -- Load dataset, initialize state
-- `get_next_item()` -- Return the next item for rollout
-- `format_prompt()` -- Convert a dataset item into the user message
-- `compute_reward()` -- Score the rollout using ToolContext
-- `evaluate()` -- Periodic evaluation logic
-
-## Core Components
-
-### Agent Loop (`agent_loop.py`)
-
-`HermesAgentLoop` is the reusable multi-turn agent engine. It runs the same pattern as hermes-agent's `run_agent.py`:
-
-1. Send messages + tools to the API via `server.chat_completion()`
-2. If the response contains `tool_calls`, execute each one via `handle_function_call()` (which delegates to `tools/registry.py`'s `dispatch()`)
-3. Append tool results to the conversation and go back to step 1
-4. If the response has no tool_calls, the agent is done
-
-Tool calls are executed in a thread pool (`run_in_executor`) so backends that use `asyncio.run()` internally (Modal, Docker) don't deadlock inside Atropos's event loop.
-
-Returns an `AgentResult` containing the full conversation history, turn count, reasoning content per turn, tool errors, and optional ManagedServer state (for Phase 2).
-
-### Tool Context (`tool_context.py`)
-
-`ToolContext` is a per-rollout handle that gives reward/verification functions direct access to **all** hermes-agent tools, scoped to the rollout's `task_id`. The same `task_id` means the terminal/browser session is the SAME one the model used during its rollout -- all state (files, processes, browser tabs) is preserved.
-
-```python
-async def compute_reward(self, item, result, ctx: ToolContext):
-    # Run tests in the model's terminal sandbox
-    test = ctx.terminal("pytest -v")
-    if test["exit_code"] == 0:
-        return 1.0
-
-    # Check if a file was created
-    content = ctx.read_file("/workspace/solution.py")
-    if content.get("content"):
-        return 0.5
-
-    # Download files locally for verification (binary-safe)
-    ctx.download_file("/remote/output.bin", "/local/output.bin")
-
-    return 0.0
-```
-
-Available methods:
-- **Terminal**: `terminal(command, timeout)` -- run shell commands
-- **Files**: `read_file(path)`, `write_file(path, content)`, `search(query, path)`
-- **Transfers**: `upload_file()`, `upload_dir()`, `download_file()`, `download_dir()` -- binary-safe file transfers between host and sandbox
-- **Web**: `web_search(query)`, `web_extract(urls)`
-- **Browser**: `browser_navigate(url)`, `browser_snapshot()`
-- **Generic**: `call_tool(name, args)` -- call any hermes-agent tool by name
-- **Cleanup**: `cleanup()` -- release all resources (called automatically after `compute_reward`)
-
-### Patches (`patches.py`)
-
-**Problem**: Some hermes-agent tools use `asyncio.run()` internally (e.g., mini-swe-agent's Modal backend via SWE-ReX). This crashes when called from inside Atropos's event loop because `asyncio.run()` cannot be nested.
-
-**Solution**: `patches.py` monkey-patches `SwerexModalEnvironment` to use a dedicated background thread (`_AsyncWorker`) with its own event loop. The calling code sees the same sync interface, but internally the async work happens on a separate thread that doesn't conflict with Atropos's loop.
-
-What gets patched:
-- `SwerexModalEnvironment.__init__` -- creates Modal deployment on a background thread
-- `SwerexModalEnvironment.execute` -- runs commands on the same background thread
-- `SwerexModalEnvironment.stop` -- stops deployment on the background thread
-
-The patches are:
-- **Idempotent** -- calling `apply_patches()` multiple times is safe
-- **Transparent** -- same interface and behavior, only the internal async execution changes
-- **Universal** -- works identically in normal CLI use (no running event loop)
-
-Applied automatically at import time by `hermes_base_env.py`.
-
-### Tool Call Parsers (`tool_call_parsers/`)
-
-Client-side parsers that extract structured `tool_calls` from raw model output text. Used in **Phase 2** (VLLM server type) where ManagedServer's `/generate` endpoint returns raw text without tool call parsing.
-
-Each parser is a standalone reimplementation of the corresponding VLLM parser's `extract_tool_calls()` logic. No VLLM dependency -- only standard library (`re`, `json`, `uuid`) and `openai` types.
-
-Available parsers:
-- `hermes` -- Hermes/ChatML `<tool_call>` XML format
-- `mistral` -- Mistral `[TOOL_CALLS]` format
-- `llama3_json` -- Llama 3 JSON tool calling
-- `qwen` -- Qwen tool calling format
-- `qwen3_coder` -- Qwen3 Coder format
-- `deepseek_v3` -- DeepSeek V3 format
-- `deepseek_v3_1` -- DeepSeek V3.1 format
-- `kimi_k2` -- Kimi K2 format
-- `longcat` -- Longcat format
-- `glm45` / `glm47` -- GLM model formats
-
-Usage:
-```python
-from environments.tool_call_parsers import get_parser
-
-parser = get_parser("hermes")
-content, tool_calls = parser.parse(raw_model_output)
-```
-
-In Phase 1 (OpenAI server type), these parsers are not needed -- the server handles tool call parsing natively.
-
-## Two-Phase Operation
-
-### Phase 1: OpenAI Server (Evaluation / SFT Data Generation)
-
-Uses `server.chat_completion()` with `tools=` parameter. The server (VLLM, SGLang, OpenRouter, OpenAI) handles tool call parsing natively. Returns `ChatCompletion` objects with structured `tool_calls`.
-
-- Good for: evaluation, SFT data generation, testing
-- Run with: `serve` (with `run-api`), `process`, or `evaluate` subcommands
-- Placeholder tokens are created for the Atropos pipeline
-
-### Phase 2: VLLM ManagedServer (Full RL Training)
-
-Uses ManagedServer for exact token IDs + logprobs via `/generate`. Client-side tool call parser (from `tool_call_parsers/`) reconstructs structured `tool_calls` from raw output.
-
-- Good for: full RL training with GRPO/PPO
-- Run with: `serve` subcommand
-- Real tokens, masks, and logprobs flow through the pipeline
-
-## Directory Structure
-
-```
-environments/
-├── README.md                     # This file
-├── __init__.py                   # Package exports
-├── hermes_base_env.py            # Abstract base (HermesAgentBaseEnv)
-├── agent_loop.py                 # Multi-turn agent engine (HermesAgentLoop)
-├── tool_context.py               # Per-rollout tool access for reward functions
-├── patches.py                    # Async-safety patches for Modal backend
-│
-├── tool_call_parsers/            # Phase 2 client-side parsers
-│   ├── __init__.py               # Registry + base class
-│   ├── hermes_parser.py
-│   ├── mistral_parser.py
-│   ├── llama_parser.py
-│   ├── qwen_parser.py
-│   ├── qwen3_coder_parser.py
-│   ├── deepseek_v3_parser.py
-│   ├── deepseek_v3_1_parser.py
-│   ├── kimi_k2_parser.py
-│   ├── longcat_parser.py
-│   ├── glm45_parser.py
-│   └── glm47_parser.py
-│
-├── terminal_test_env/            # Stack validation environment
-│   └── terminal_test_env.py
-│
-├── hermes_swe_env/               # SWE-bench style training environment
-│   └── hermes_swe_env.py
-│
-└── benchmarks/                   # Evaluation benchmarks
-    ├── terminalbench_2/          # 89 terminal tasks, Modal sandboxes
-    │   └── terminalbench2_env.py
-    ├── tblite/                   # 100 calibrated tasks (fast TB2 proxy)
-    │   └── tblite_env.py
-    └── yc_bench/                 # Long-horizon strategic benchmark
-        └── yc_bench_env.py
-```
-
-## Concrete Environments
-
-### TerminalTestEnv (`terminal_test_env/`)
-
-A self-contained environment with inline tasks (no external dataset needed) for validating the full stack end-to-end. Each task asks the model to create a file at a known path, and the verifier checks the content matches.
-
-```bash
-# Serve mode (needs run-api)
-run-api
-python environments/terminal_test_env/terminal_test_env.py serve
-
-# Process mode (no run-api, saves to JSONL)
-python environments/terminal_test_env/terminal_test_env.py process \
-    --env.data_path_to_save_groups terminal_test_output.jsonl
-```
-
-### HermesSweEnv (`hermes_swe_env/`)
-
-SWE-bench style training environment. The model gets a coding task, uses terminal + file + web tools to solve it, and the reward function runs tests in the same Modal sandbox.
-
-```bash
-python environments/hermes_swe_env/hermes_swe_env.py serve \
-    --openai.model_name YourModel \
-    --env.dataset_name bigcode/humanevalpack \
-    --env.terminal_backend modal
-```
-
-### TerminalBench2EvalEnv (`benchmarks/terminalbench_2/`)
-
-**Eval-only** environment for the Terminal-Bench 2.0 benchmark (89 tasks). Each task gets a pre-built Docker Hub image, a natural language instruction, and a test suite. The agent uses terminal + file tools to solve the task, then the test suite verifies correctness.
-
-Follows the standard Atropos eval pattern (like GPQA, MMLU, etc.):
-- Run via `evaluate` subcommand (no `run-api` needed)
-- `setup()` loads the dataset, `evaluate()` runs all tasks
-- `rollout_and_score_eval()` handles per-task agent loop + test verification
-- Downloads verifier output locally for reliable reward checking (Harbor pattern)
-
-```bash
-# Run full benchmark
-python environments/benchmarks/terminalbench_2/terminalbench2_env.py evaluate \
-    --openai.model_name anthropic/claude-opus-4.6
-
-# Run subset of tasks
-python environments/benchmarks/terminalbench_2/terminalbench2_env.py evaluate \
-    --openai.model_name anthropic/claude-opus-4.6 \
-    --env.task_filter fix-git,git-multibranch
-
-# Skip specific tasks
-python environments/benchmarks/terminalbench_2/terminalbench2_env.py evaluate \
-    --openai.model_name anthropic/claude-opus-4.6 \
-    --env.skip_tasks heavy-task,slow-task
-```
-
-## Creating a New Environment
-
-### Training Environment
-
-1. Create a new directory under `environments/`
-2. Create your env file inheriting from `HermesAgentBaseEnv`
-3. Implement the four abstract methods + `evaluate()`
-
-```python
-from environments.hermes_base_env import HermesAgentBaseEnv, HermesAgentEnvConfig
-
-class MyEnvConfig(HermesAgentEnvConfig):
-    pass  # Add custom fields as needed
-
-class MyEnv(HermesAgentBaseEnv):
-    name = "my-env"
-    env_config_cls = MyEnvConfig
-
-    @classmethod
-    def config_init(cls):
-        env_config = MyEnvConfig(
-            enabled_toolsets=["terminal", "file"],
-            terminal_backend="modal",
-            # ... other config
-        )
-        server_configs = [APIServerConfig(...)]
-        return env_config, server_configs
-
-    async def setup(self):
-        self.dataset = load_dataset(...)
-        self.iter = 0
-
-    async def get_next_item(self):
-        item = self.dataset[self.iter % len(self.dataset)]
-        self.iter += 1
-        return item
-
-    def format_prompt(self, item):
-        return item["instruction"]
-
-    async def compute_reward(self, item, result, ctx):
-        # ctx gives you full tool access to the rollout's sandbox
-        test = ctx.terminal("pytest -v")
-        return 1.0 if test["exit_code"] == 0 else 0.0
-
-    async def evaluate(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        # Periodic evaluation logic
-        ...
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    MyEnv.cli()
-```
-
-### Eval-Only Environment (Benchmark)
-
-For eval benchmarks, follow the pattern in `terminalbench2_env.py`:
-1. Create under `environments/benchmarks/your-benchmark/`
-2. Inherit from `HermesAgentBaseEnv`
-3. Set eval-only config: `eval_handling=STOP_TRAIN`, `steps_per_eval=1`, `total_steps=1`
-4. Stub the training methods (`collect_trajectories`, `score`)
-5. Implement `rollout_and_score_eval()` and `evaluate()`
-6. Run with `evaluate` subcommand
-
-## Key Config Fields
-
-| Field | Description | Default |
-|-------|-------------|---------|
-| `enabled_toolsets` | Which hermes toolsets to enable | `None` (all) |
-| `disabled_toolsets` | Toolsets to disable | `None` |
-| `distribution` | Probabilistic toolset distribution name | `None` |
-| `max_agent_turns` | Max LLM calls per rollout | `30` |
-| `agent_temperature` | Sampling temperature | `1.0` |
-| `terminal_backend` | `local`, `docker`, `modal`, `daytona`, `ssh`, `singularity` | `local` |
-| `system_prompt` | System message for the agent | `None` |
-| `tool_call_parser` | Parser name for Phase 2 | `hermes` |
-| `eval_handling` | `STOP_TRAIN`, `LIMIT_TRAIN`, `NONE` | `STOP_TRAIN` |

environments/__init__.py

@@ -4,18 +4,15 @@ Hermes-Agent Atropos Environments
 Provides a layered integration between hermes-agent's tool-calling capabilities
 and the Atropos RL training framework.
 
-Core layers:
+Layers:
     - agent_loop: Reusable multi-turn agent loop with standard OpenAI-spec tool calling
     - tool_context: Per-rollout tool access handle for reward/verification functions
     - hermes_base_env: Abstract base environment (BaseEnv subclass) for Atropos
     - tool_call_parsers: Client-side tool call parser registry for Phase 2 (VLLM /generate)
 
 Concrete environments:
-    - terminal_test_env/: Simple file-creation tasks for testing the stack
-    - hermes_swe_env/: SWE-bench style tasks with Modal sandboxes
-
-Benchmarks (eval-only):
-    - benchmarks/terminalbench_2/: Terminal-Bench 2.0 evaluation
+    - terminal_test_env: Simple file-creation tasks for testing the stack
+    - hermes_swe_env: SWE-bench style tasks with Modal sandboxes
 """
 
 from environments.agent_loop import AgentResult, HermesAgentLoop

environments/agent_loop.py

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import asyncio
 import concurrent.futures
 import json
 import logging
-import os
 import uuid
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set
@@ -23,24 +22,9 @@ from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Set
 from model_tools import handle_function_call
 
 # Thread pool for running sync tool calls that internally use asyncio.run()
-# (e.g., mini-swe-agent's modal/docker/daytona backends). Running them in a separate
+# (e.g., mini-swe-agent's modal/docker backends). Running them in a separate
 # thread gives them a clean event loop so they don't deadlock inside Atropos's loop.
-# Size must be large enough for concurrent eval tasks (e.g., 89 TB2 tasks all
-# making tool calls). Too small = thread pool starvation, tasks queue for minutes.
-# Resized at runtime by HermesAgentBaseEnv.__init__ via resize_tool_pool().
-_tool_executor = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=128)
-
-
-def resize_tool_pool(max_workers: int):
-    """
-    Replace the global tool executor with a new one of the given size.
-
-    Called by HermesAgentBaseEnv.__init__ based on config.tool_pool_size.
-    Safe to call before any tasks are submitted.
-    """
-    global _tool_executor
-    _tool_executor = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers)
-    logger.info("Tool thread pool resized to %d workers", max_workers)
+_tool_executor = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=8)
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -73,6 +57,12 @@ class AgentResult:
     # Tool errors encountered during the loop
     tool_errors: List[ToolError] = field(default_factory=list)
 
+    # Tool-call metrics (for reward shaping + debugging)
+    tool_calls_attempted: int = 0          # Valid tool name + attempted dispatch
+    tool_calls_schema_valid: int = 0       # Arguments matched schema (no coercion)
+    tool_calls_executed_ok: int = 0        # Tool ran and returned no error
+    tool_calls_exec_error: int = 0         # Unknown tool / exception / tool returned error
+
 
 def _extract_reasoning_from_message(message) -> Optional[str]:
     """
@@ -135,7 +125,8 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
         task_id: Optional[str] = None,
         temperature: float = 1.0,
         max_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
-        extra_body: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        tool_handler=None,
+        max_context_tokens: Optional[int] = None,
     ):
         """
         Initialize the agent loop.
@@ -149,9 +140,13 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
             task_id: Unique ID for terminal/browser session isolation
             temperature: Sampling temperature for generation
             max_tokens: Max tokens per generation (None for server default)
-            extra_body: Extra parameters passed to the OpenAI client's create() call.
-                        Used for OpenRouter provider preferences, transforms, etc.
-                        e.g. {"provider": {"ignore": ["DeepInfra"]}}
+            tool_handler: Optional async callable(tool_name, args, task_id) -> str.
+                         When provided, used INSTEAD of handle_function_call() for
+                         tool dispatch. This allows sandbox backends (Modal, Nomad)
+                         to route tool calls through their slot-based execution.
+            max_context_tokens: Maximum prompt tokens before truncation.
+                               If None, no truncation is applied.
+                               Recommended: set to max_model_len - max_tokens - 512 (safety margin).
         """
         self.server = server
         self.tool_schemas = tool_schemas
@@ -160,7 +155,139 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
         self.task_id = task_id or str(uuid.uuid4())
         self.temperature = temperature
         self.max_tokens = max_tokens
-        self.extra_body = extra_body
+        self.tool_handler = tool_handler
+        self.max_context_tokens = max_context_tokens
+
+
+    def _truncate_context(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """
+        Truncate conversation history to fit within max_context_tokens.
+
+        Strategy:
+        - Keep system message (index 0) and initial user message (index 1) always
+        - Keep last 6 messages (recent context) always
+        - For everything in between, progressively truncate tool result content
+        - If still too long, drop oldest middle messages entirely
+
+        Uses rough char/4 token estimate (fast, no tokenizer needed).
+        """
+        if self.max_context_tokens is None:
+            return messages
+
+        def estimate_tokens(msgs):
+            total = 0
+            for m in msgs:
+                content = m.get("content", "") or ""
+                total += len(content) // 4 + 10  # ~4 chars per token + overhead
+                if "tool_calls" in m:
+                    total += 50 * len(m["tool_calls"])  # tool call overhead
+            return total
+
+        est = estimate_tokens(messages)
+        if est <= self.max_context_tokens:
+            return messages
+
+        # Phase 1: Truncate tool result content in middle messages
+        # Keep first 2 and last 6 messages untouched
+        protect_head = 2
+        protect_tail = max(0, min(6, len(messages) - protect_head))
+        middle_start = protect_head
+        middle_end = len(messages) - protect_tail
+
+        if middle_start < middle_end:
+            # Truncate tool results from oldest first
+            for i in range(middle_start, middle_end):
+                if messages[i].get("role") == "tool":
+                    content = messages[i].get("content", "") or ""
+                    if len(content) > 200:
+                        messages[i] = dict(messages[i])  # copy
+                        messages[i]["content"] = content[:100] + "\n...[truncated]...\n" + content[-50:]
+
+            est = estimate_tokens(messages)
+            if est <= self.max_context_tokens:
+                logger.debug("Context truncated (phase 1: tool results): %d tokens", est)
+                return messages
+
+        # Phase 2: Drop oldest middle messages entirely
+        while middle_start < middle_end and estimate_tokens(messages) > self.max_context_tokens:
+            # Remove the oldest middle message
+            # But keep assistant+tool pairs together
+            msg = messages[middle_start]
+            messages.pop(middle_start)
+            middle_end -= 1
+            # If we removed an assistant with tool_calls, also remove matching tool responses
+            if msg.get("role") == "assistant" and msg.get("tool_calls"):
+                tool_ids = {tc.get("id") or tc.get("tool_call_id", "") for tc in msg.get("tool_calls", []) if isinstance(tc, dict)}
+                # Remove tool responses for those IDs
+                i = middle_start
+                while i < middle_end:
+                    if messages[i].get("role") == "tool" and messages[i].get("tool_call_id", "") in tool_ids:
+                        messages.pop(i)
+                        middle_end -= 1
+                    else:
+                        i += 1
+
+        est = estimate_tokens(messages)
+        logger.info("Context truncated (phase 2: dropped messages): %d estimated tokens, %d messages remaining", est, len(messages))
+        return messages
+
+    def _normalize_tool_args(self, tool_name: str, tool_args_raw: str) -> (Dict[str, Any], bool):
+        """Normalize tool arguments into a dict.
+
+        Returns:
+            (args_dict, schema_valid)
+
+        schema_valid is True only when the arguments decode directly into a dict
+        (i.e. no double-decoding and no coercion/wrapping was needed).
+
+        This lets us keep the environment robust (never crash due to args format)
+        while still scoring down malformed tool-call argument formats.
+        """
+        try:
+            decoded = json.loads(tool_args_raw)
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            # Not valid JSON at all. Be robust: treat it as a plain string.
+            # (Some parsers/providers may pass through non-JSON strings.)
+            if tool_name == "terminal":
+                return {"command": tool_args_raw}, False
+            return {"input": tool_args_raw}, False
+
+        # Canonical case: decoded is already a dict
+        if isinstance(decoded, dict):
+            # For terminal tool, require a command key
+            if tool_name == "terminal":
+                cmd = decoded.get("command")
+                if isinstance(cmd, str) and cmd.strip():
+                    return decoded, True
+                # Common alternate key
+                if isinstance(decoded.get("input"), str):
+                    return {"command": decoded.get("input")}, False
+                return decoded, False
+            return decoded, True
+
+        # Common drift case: decoded is a JSON string of an object
+        if isinstance(decoded, str):
+            s = decoded.strip()
+            if (s.startswith("{") and s.endswith("}")) or (s.startswith("[") and s.endswith("]")):
+                try:
+                    decoded2 = json.loads(s)
+                except json.JSONDecodeError:
+                    decoded2 = None
+                if isinstance(decoded2, dict):
+                    # Terminal tool: ensure command
+                    if tool_name == "terminal" and isinstance(decoded2.get("command"), str):
+                        return decoded2, False
+                    return decoded2, False
+
+            # Plain string (not JSON) — coerce to expected shape
+            if tool_name == "terminal":
+                return {"command": decoded}, False
+            return {"input": decoded}, False
+
+        # Other JSON types (list/number/etc.) — wrap
+        if tool_name == "terminal":
+            return {"command": str(decoded)}, False
+        return {"input": decoded}, False
 
     async def run(self, messages: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> AgentResult:
         """
@@ -168,7 +295,12 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
 
         Args:
             messages: Initial conversation messages (system + user).
-                      Modified in-place as the conversation progresses.
+                      This list is treated as the FULL trajectory and is
+                      appended to as the conversation progresses.
+
+                      Prompt truncation (to avoid context overflow) is applied
+                      on a copy of this list per turn, so we do not lose
+                      earlier messages for reward computation/debugging.
 
         Returns:
             AgentResult with full conversation history, managed state, and metadata
@@ -176,27 +308,21 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
         reasoning_per_turn = []
         tool_errors: List[ToolError] = []
 
-        # Per-loop TodoStore for the todo tool (ephemeral, dies with the loop)
-        from tools.todo_tool import TodoStore, todo_tool as _todo_tool
-        _todo_store = TodoStore()
-
-        # Extract user task from first user message for browser_snapshot context
-        _user_task = None
-        for msg in messages:
-            if msg.get("role") == "user":
-                content = msg.get("content", "")
-                if isinstance(content, str) and content.strip():
-                    _user_task = content.strip()[:500]  # Cap to avoid huge strings
-                break
-
-        import time as _time
+        # Metrics to separate "attempted tool use" from "schema-valid tool use"
+        tool_calls_attempted = 0
+        tool_calls_schema_valid = 0
+        tool_calls_executed_ok = 0
+        tool_calls_exec_error = 0
 
         for turn in range(self.max_turns):
-            turn_start = _time.monotonic()
+            # Truncate context if approaching limit.
+            # IMPORTANT: do this on a copy so we keep the full trajectory in `messages`
+            # for reward computation + debugging, while only trimming the prompt view.
+            prompt_messages = self._truncate_context(list(messages))
 
             # Build the chat_completion kwargs
             chat_kwargs = {
-                "messages": messages,
+                "messages": prompt_messages,
                 "n": 1,
                 "temperature": self.temperature,
             }
@@ -209,18 +335,11 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
             if self.max_tokens is not None:
                 chat_kwargs["max_tokens"] = self.max_tokens
 
-            # Inject extra_body for provider-specific params (e.g., OpenRouter
-            # provider preferences like banned/preferred providers, transforms)
-            if self.extra_body:
-                chat_kwargs["extra_body"] = self.extra_body
-
             # Make the API call -- standard OpenAI spec
-            api_start = _time.monotonic()
             try:
                 response = await self.server.chat_completion(**chat_kwargs)
             except Exception as e:
-                api_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - api_start
-                logger.error("API call failed on turn %d (%.1fs): %s", turn + 1, api_elapsed, e)
+                logger.error("API call failed on turn %d: %s", turn + 1, e)
                 return AgentResult(
                     messages=messages,
                     managed_state=self._get_managed_state(),
@@ -228,12 +347,14 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                     finished_naturally=False,
                     reasoning_per_turn=reasoning_per_turn,
                     tool_errors=tool_errors,
+                    tool_calls_attempted=tool_calls_attempted,
+                    tool_calls_schema_valid=tool_calls_schema_valid,
+                    tool_calls_executed_ok=tool_calls_executed_ok,
+                    tool_calls_exec_error=tool_calls_exec_error,
                 )
 
-            api_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - api_start
-
             if not response or not response.choices:
-                logger.warning("Empty response on turn %d (api=%.1fs)", turn + 1, api_elapsed)
+                logger.warning("Empty response on turn %d", turn + 1)
                 return AgentResult(
                     messages=messages,
                     managed_state=self._get_managed_state(),
@@ -241,6 +362,10 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                     finished_naturally=False,
                     reasoning_per_turn=reasoning_per_turn,
                     tool_errors=tool_errors,
+                    tool_calls_attempted=tool_calls_attempted,
+                    tool_calls_schema_valid=tool_calls_schema_valid,
+                    tool_calls_executed_ok=tool_calls_executed_ok,
+                    tool_calls_exec_error=tool_calls_exec_error,
                 )
 
             assistant_msg = response.choices[0].message
@@ -299,66 +424,45 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                             "Model called unknown tool '%s' on turn %d",
                             tool_name, turn + 1,
                         )
+                        tool_calls_exec_error += 1
                     else:
-                        # Parse arguments and dispatch
-                        try:
-                            args = json.loads(tool_args_raw)
-                        except json.JSONDecodeError:
-                            args = {}
-                            logger.warning(
-                                "Invalid JSON in tool call arguments for '%s': %s",
-                                tool_name, tool_args_raw[:200],
-                            )
+                        tool_calls_attempted += 1
+
+                        # Normalize args into a dict so we never crash due to formatting.
+                        # Track schema_valid separately so reward shaping can penalize
+                        # non-canonical formats (e.g. stringified JSON).
+                        args, schema_valid = self._normalize_tool_args(tool_name, tool_args_raw)
+                        if schema_valid:
+                            tool_calls_schema_valid += 1
 
                         try:
                             if tool_name == "terminal":
+                                import os
                                 backend = os.getenv("TERMINAL_ENV", "local")
-                                cmd_preview = args.get("command", "")[:80]
-                                logger.info(
-                                    "[%s] $ %s", self.task_id[:8], cmd_preview,
-                                )
+                                if self.tool_handler:
+                                    backend = "sandbox"
+                                cmd_preview = str(args.get("command", ""))[:80]
+                                print(f"  🖥️  [{backend}] $ {cmd_preview}")
 
-                            tool_submit_time = _time.monotonic()
-
-                            # Todo tool -- handle locally (needs per-loop TodoStore)
-                            if tool_name == "todo":
-                                tool_result = _todo_tool(
-                                    todos=args.get("todos"),
-                                    merge=args.get("merge", False),
-                                    store=_todo_store,
+                            if self.tool_handler:
+                                # Use custom tool handler (sandbox backend routing)
+                                tool_result = await self.tool_handler(
+                                    tool_name, args, self.task_id
                                 )
-                                tool_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - tool_submit_time
-                            elif tool_name == "memory":
-                                tool_result = json.dumps({"error": "Memory is not available in RL environments."})
-                                tool_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - tool_submit_time
-                            elif tool_name == "session_search":
-                                tool_result = json.dumps({"error": "Session search is not available in RL environments."})
-                                tool_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - tool_submit_time
                             else:
-                                # Run tool calls in a thread pool so backends that
-                                # use asyncio.run() internally (modal, docker, daytona) get
-                                # a clean event loop instead of deadlocking.
+                                # Default: run via hermes-agent's handle_function_call
+                                # in a thread pool so backends that use asyncio.run()
+                                # internally (modal, docker) get a clean event loop
+                                # instead of deadlocking inside Atropos's loop.
                                 loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
-                                # Capture current tool_name/args for the lambda
-                                _tn, _ta, _tid = tool_name, args, self.task_id
                                 tool_result = await loop.run_in_executor(
                                     _tool_executor,
                                     lambda: handle_function_call(
-                                        _tn, _ta, task_id=_tid,
-                                        user_task=_user_task,
+                                        tool_name, args, task_id=self.task_id
                                     ),
                                 )
-                                tool_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - tool_submit_time
-
-                            # Log slow tools and thread pool stats for debugging
-                            pool_active = _tool_executor._work_queue.qsize()
-                            if tool_elapsed > 30:
-                                logger.warning(
-                                    "[%s] turn %d: %s took %.1fs (pool queue=%d)",
-                                    self.task_id[:8], turn + 1, tool_name,
-                                    tool_elapsed, pool_active,
-                                )
                         except Exception as e:
+                            tool_calls_exec_error += 1
                             tool_result = json.dumps(
                                 {"error": f"Tool execution failed: {type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}"}
                             )
@@ -372,22 +476,34 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                                 "Tool '%s' execution failed on turn %d: %s",
                                 tool_name, turn + 1, e,
                             )
+                        else:
+                            # Count tool result errors (if tool returns structured JSON error)
+                            tool_err = False
+                            try:
+                                result_data = json.loads(tool_result)
+                                if isinstance(result_data, dict):
+                                    err = result_data.get("error")
+                                    if err:
+                                        tool_err = True
 
-                        # Also check if the tool returned an error in its JSON result
-                        try:
-                            result_data = json.loads(tool_result)
-                            if isinstance(result_data, dict):
-                                err = result_data.get("error")
-                                exit_code = result_data.get("exit_code")
-                                if err and exit_code and exit_code < 0:
-                                    tool_errors.append(ToolError(
-                                        turn=turn + 1, tool_name=tool_name,
-                                        arguments=tool_args_raw[:200],
-                                        error=str(err),
-                                        tool_result=tool_result[:500],
-                                    ))
-                        except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError):
-                            pass
+                                    # Keep existing behavior: treat negative exit_code as tool error
+                                    exit_code = result_data.get("exit_code")
+                                    if exit_code is not None and isinstance(exit_code, int) and exit_code < 0:
+                                        tool_err = True
+                                        tool_errors.append(ToolError(
+                                            turn=turn + 1, tool_name=tool_name,
+                                            arguments=tool_args_raw[:200],
+                                            error=str(err) if err else "nonzero exit_code",
+                                            tool_result=tool_result[:500],
+                                        ))
+                            except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError):
+                                # Non-JSON tool output — assume ok
+                                pass
+
+                            if tool_err:
+                                tool_calls_exec_error += 1
+                            else:
+                                tool_calls_executed_ok += 1
 
                     # Add tool response to conversation
                     messages.append(
@@ -398,11 +514,10 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                         }
                     )
 
-                turn_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - turn_start
-                logger.info(
-                    "[%s] turn %d: api=%.1fs, %d tools, turn_total=%.1fs",
-                    self.task_id[:8], turn + 1, api_elapsed,
-                    len(assistant_msg.tool_calls), turn_elapsed,
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Turn %d: %d tool calls executed",
+                    turn + 1,
+                    len(assistant_msg.tool_calls),
                 )
 
             else:
@@ -415,10 +530,8 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                     msg_dict["reasoning_content"] = reasoning
                 messages.append(msg_dict)
 
-                turn_elapsed = _time.monotonic() - turn_start
-                logger.info(
-                    "[%s] turn %d: api=%.1fs, no tools (finished), turn_total=%.1fs",
-                    self.task_id[:8], turn + 1, api_elapsed, turn_elapsed,
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Turn %d: model finished naturally (no tool calls)", turn + 1
                 )
 
                 return AgentResult(
@@ -428,6 +541,10 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
                     finished_naturally=True,
                     reasoning_per_turn=reasoning_per_turn,
                     tool_errors=tool_errors,
+                    tool_calls_attempted=tool_calls_attempted,
+                    tool_calls_schema_valid=tool_calls_schema_valid,
+                    tool_calls_executed_ok=tool_calls_executed_ok,
+                    tool_calls_exec_error=tool_calls_exec_error,
                 )
 
         # Hit max turns without the model stopping
@@ -439,6 +556,10 @@ class HermesAgentLoop:
             finished_naturally=False,
             reasoning_per_turn=reasoning_per_turn,
             tool_errors=tool_errors,
+            tool_calls_attempted=tool_calls_attempted,
+            tool_calls_schema_valid=tool_calls_schema_valid,
+            tool_calls_executed_ok=tool_calls_executed_ok,
+            tool_calls_exec_error=tool_calls_exec_error,
         )
 
     def _get_managed_state(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:

environments/benchmarks/tblite/README.md

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-# OpenThoughts-TBLite Evaluation Environment
-
-This environment evaluates terminal agents on the [OpenThoughts-TBLite](https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-thoughts/OpenThoughts-TBLite) benchmark, a difficulty-calibrated subset of [Terminal-Bench 2.0](https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0).
-
-## Source
-
-OpenThoughts-TBLite was created by the [OpenThoughts](https://www.openthoughts.ai/) Agent team in collaboration with [Snorkel AI](https://snorkel.ai/) and [Bespoke Labs](https://bespokelabs.ai/). The original dataset and documentation live at:
-
-- **Dataset (source):** [open-thoughts/OpenThoughts-TBLite](https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-thoughts/OpenThoughts-TBLite)
-- **GitHub:** [open-thoughts/OpenThoughts-TBLite](https://github.com/open-thoughts/OpenThoughts-TBLite)
-- **Blog post:** [openthoughts.ai/blog/openthoughts-tblite](https://www.openthoughts.ai/blog/openthoughts-tblite)
-
-## Our Dataset
-
-We converted the source into the same schema used by our Terminal-Bench 2.0 environment (pre-built Docker Hub images, base64-encoded test tarballs, etc.) and published it as:
-
-- **Dataset (ours):** [NousResearch/openthoughts-tblite](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NousResearch/openthoughts-tblite)
-- **Docker images:** `nousresearch/tblite-<task-name>:latest` on Docker Hub (100 images)
-
-The conversion script is at `scripts/prepare_tblite_dataset.py`.
-
-## Why TBLite?
-
-Terminal-Bench 2.0 is one of the strongest frontier evaluations for terminal agents, but when a model scores near the floor (e.g., Qwen 3 8B at <1%), many changes look identical in aggregate score. TBLite addresses this by calibrating task difficulty using Claude Haiku 4.5 as a reference:
-
-| Difficulty | Pass Rate Range | Tasks |
-|------------|----------------|-------|
-| Easy       | >= 70%         | 40    |
-| Medium     | 40-69%         | 26    |
-| Hard       | 10-39%         | 26    |
-| Extreme    | < 10%          | 8     |
-
-This gives enough solvable tasks to detect small improvements quickly, while preserving enough hard tasks to avoid saturation. The correlation between TBLite and TB2 scores is **r = 0.911**.
-
-TBLite also runs 2.6-8x faster than the full TB2, making it practical for iteration loops.
-
-## Usage
-
-```bash
-# Run the full benchmark
-python environments/benchmarks/tblite/tblite_env.py evaluate
-
-# Filter to specific tasks
-python environments/benchmarks/tblite/tblite_env.py evaluate \
-    --env.task_filter "broken-python,pandas-etl"
-
-# Use a different model
-python environments/benchmarks/tblite/tblite_env.py evaluate \
-    --server.model_name "qwen/qwen3-30b"
-```
-
-## Architecture
-
-`TBLiteEvalEnv` is a thin subclass of `TerminalBench2EvalEnv`. All evaluation logic (agent loop, Docker sandbox management, test verification, metrics) is inherited. Only the defaults differ:
-
-| Setting        | TB2                              | TBLite                                  |
-|----------------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------|
-| Dataset        | `NousResearch/terminal-bench-2`  | `NousResearch/openthoughts-tblite`      |
-| Tasks          | 89                               | 100                                     |
-| Task timeout   | 1800s (30 min)                   | 1200s (20 min)                          |
-| Wandb name     | `terminal-bench-2`               | `openthoughts-tblite`                   |
-
-## Citation
-
-```bibtex
-@software{OpenThoughts-TBLite,
-  author = {OpenThoughts-Agent team, Snorkel AI, Bespoke Labs},
-  month = Feb,
-  title = {{OpenThoughts-TBLite: A High-Signal Benchmark for Iterating on Terminal Agents}},
-  howpublished = {https://www.openthoughts.ai/blog/openthoughts-tblite},
-  year = {2026}
-}
-```