fix(mcp): treat non-string nextCursor as end of pagination

Per the MCP spec the cursor is an opaque string; anything else
(including MagicMock auto-attributes in tests) means no more pages.
Fixes test_mcp_tool_session_expired mock-session runaway.

.envrc

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-watch_file pyproject.toml uv.lock
+watch_file pyproject.toml uv.lock hermes
 watch_file package-lock.json package.json web/package.json ui-tui/package.json website/package.json apps/shared/package.json apps/desktop/package.json ui-tui/packages/hermes-ink/package.json
 watch_file flake.nix flake.lock nix/devShell.nix nix/tui.nix nix/package.nix nix/python.nix nix/hermes-agent.nix nix/desktop.nix
 

CONTRIBUTING.es.md

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Esto no es una barra de calidad — es una decisión de acoplamiento y mantenimi
 | Requisito | Notas |
 |-----------|-------|
 | **Git** | Con la extensión `git-lfs` instalada |
-| **Python 3.11+** | uv lo instalará si falta |
+| **Python 3.11–3.13** | uv lo instalará si falta |
 | **uv** | Gestor de paquetes Python rápido ([instalar](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/)) |
 | **Node.js 20+** | Opcional — necesario para herramientas de navegador y puente WhatsApp (coincide con los engines de `package.json` raíz) |
 

agent/agent_init.py

@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ def _build_codex_gpt5_autoraise_notice(autoraise: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
     include the exact opt-back-out command.
     """
     model = str(autoraise.get("model") or "gpt-5.4/5.5").strip().lower().rsplit("/", 1)[-1]
-    # gpt-5.3-codex-spark has a native 128K window; the gpt-5.4/5.5 family is
-    # capped at 272K by the Codex OAuth backend.
+    # gpt-5.3-codex-spark has a native 128K window; the gpt-5.4/5.5/5.6 family
+    # is capped at 272K by the Codex OAuth backend.
     cap = "128K" if model.startswith("gpt-5.3-codex-spark") else "272K"
     from_pct = int(round(autoraise["from"] * 100))
     to_pct = int(round(autoraise["to"] * 100))

agent/agent_runtime_helpers.py

@@ -1564,6 +1564,17 @@ def anthropic_prompt_cache_policy(
     model_lower = eff_model.lower()
     provider_lower = eff_provider.lower()
     is_claude = "claude" in model_lower
+    # Kimi / Moonshot family via OpenRouter: same cache_control wire format
+    # as Claude on OpenRouter (envelope layout).  Without this branch
+    # moonshotai/kimi-k2.6 falls through to (False, False), serving ~1%
+    # cache hits on 64K-token prompts and re-billing the full prompt on
+    # every turn.  Observed within-turn progression with cache enabled:
+    # 1% → 67% → 84% → 97% (#25970).  Reuses the canonical family matcher
+    # (covers bare k1./k2./k25 release slugs the substring check missed).
+    from agent.anthropic_adapter import _model_name_is_kimi_family
+    is_kimi = (
+        _model_name_is_kimi_family(eff_model) or "moonshot" in model_lower
+    )
     is_openrouter = base_url_host_matches(eff_base_url, "openrouter.ai")
     # Nous Portal proxies to OpenRouter behind the scenes — identical
     # OpenAI-wire envelope cache_control semantics. Treat it as an
@@ -1577,7 +1588,7 @@ def anthropic_prompt_cache_policy(
 
     if is_native_anthropic:
         return True, True
-    if (is_openrouter or is_nous_portal) and is_claude:
+    if (is_openrouter or is_nous_portal) and (is_claude or is_kimi):
         return True, False
     # Nous Portal Qwen (e.g. qwen3.6-plus) takes the same envelope-layout
     # cache_control path as Portal Claude. Portal proxies to OpenRouter
@@ -1805,13 +1816,30 @@ def switch_model(agent, new_model, new_provider, api_key='', base_url='', api_mo
         # ── Swap core runtime fields ──
         agent.model = new_model
         agent.provider = new_provider
-        # Use new base_url when provided; only fall back to current when the
-        # new provider genuinely has no endpoint (e.g. native SDK providers).
-        # Without this guard the old provider's URL (e.g. Ollama's localhost
-        # address) would persist silently after switching to a cloud provider
-        # that returns an empty base_url string.
+        # Use the new base_url when provided. When it's empty AND the
+        # provider is actually changing, do NOT fall back to the current
+        # (old provider's) URL — that silently pairs the new provider label
+        # with the previous provider's endpoint (e.g. new_provider=minimax
+        # paired with the leftover api.githubcopilot.com URL), and every
+        # request after the switch 400s at the wrong host. This mismatched
+        # pair also gets snapshotted into _primary_runtime below, so it
+        # keeps re-applying on every subsequent turn until a full restart.
+        # Fail loud instead: the caller (model_switch.switch_model())
+        # already resolves base_url for every real provider, so an empty
+        # value here means resolution failed upstream, not that the
+        # provider genuinely has none. Re-selecting the SAME provider with
+        # an empty base_url (e.g. a credential-only refresh) is still fine
+        # to keep the current URL. See #47828.
+        old_norm_provider = (old_provider or "").strip().lower()
+        new_norm_provider = (new_provider or "").strip().lower()
         if base_url:
             agent.base_url = base_url
+        elif old_norm_provider != new_norm_provider:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"switch_model: no base_url resolved for provider "
+                f"'{new_provider}' (switching from '{old_provider}'); "
+                "refusing to keep the previous provider's endpoint"
+            )
         agent.api_mode = api_mode
         # Invalidate transport cache — new api_mode may need a different transport
         if hasattr(agent, "_transport_cache"):

agent/auxiliary_client.py

@@ -314,15 +314,18 @@ def _is_arcee_trinity_thinking(model: Optional[str]) -> bool:
     return bare == "trinity-large-thinking"
 
 
-# Context window enforced by ChatGPT's Codex OAuth backend for gpt-5.4/5.5.
-# The raw OpenAI API and OpenRouter expose 1.05M for the same slug, but the
-# Codex backend hard-caps at 272K (verified live: a ~330K-token request to
+# Context window enforced by ChatGPT's Codex OAuth backend for the
+# gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 / gpt-5.6 families. The raw OpenAI API and OpenRouter
+# expose 1.05M for the same slugs, but the Codex backend hard-caps at 272K
+# (verified live for 5.4/5.5: a ~330K-token request to
 # chatgpt.com/backend-api/codex/responses is rejected with
-# ``context_length_exceeded`` while ~250K succeeds). With a 272K ceiling the
-# default 50% compaction trigger fires at ~136K — wasteful, since the model
-# can hold far more raw context before summarization actually buys anything.
-# We raise the trigger to 85% (~231K) on this exact route so Codex gpt-5.4/
-# gpt-5.5 sessions use the window they actually have.
+# ``context_length_exceeded`` while ~250K succeeds; gpt-5.6 shares the same
+# 272K Codex cap — see _CODEX_OAUTH_CONTEXT_FALLBACK in model_metadata.py).
+# With a 272K ceiling the default 50% compaction trigger fires at ~136K —
+# wasteful, since the model can hold far more raw context before
+# summarization actually buys anything. We raise the trigger to 85% (~231K)
+# on this exact route so Codex gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 / gpt-5.6 sessions use the
+# window they actually have.
 _CODEX_GPT54_GPT55_COMPACTION_THRESHOLD = 0.85
 
 # gpt-5.3-codex-spark is Codex-OAuth-only (ChatGPT Pro entitlement) with a
@@ -336,14 +339,16 @@ _CODEX_SPARK_COMPACTION_THRESHOLD = 0.70
 
 
 def _is_codex_gpt54_or_gpt55(model: Optional[str], provider: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
-    """True for gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 on the ChatGPT Codex OAuth backend.
+    """True for gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 / gpt-5.6 on the ChatGPT Codex OAuth backend.
 
     Matches only the Codex OAuth route (provider ``openai-codex``), not the
     direct OpenAI API, OpenRouter, or GitHub Copilot paths — those expose a
     larger context window for the same slug and must keep the user's default
-    compaction threshold. ``gpt-5.4-pro`` / ``gpt-5.5-pro`` and dated snapshots
-    are matched via prefix so the override tracks both 272K-capped families
-    without re-listing every variant.
+    compaction threshold. ``-pro`` variants and dated snapshots are matched
+    via prefix so the override tracks every 272K-capped family (5.4, 5.5,
+    5.6 sol/terra/luna incl. their ``-pro`` modes) without re-listing every
+    variant. (Name kept for backward compatibility with the
+    ``compression.codex_gpt55_autoraise`` config key.)
     """
     prov = (provider or "").strip().lower()
     if prov != "openai-codex":
@@ -356,6 +361,9 @@ def _is_codex_gpt54_or_gpt55(model: Optional[str], provider: Optional[str] = Non
         or bare == "gpt-5.5"
         or bare.startswith("gpt-5.5-")
         or bare.startswith("gpt-5.5.")
+        or bare == "gpt-5.6"
+        or bare.startswith("gpt-5.6-")
+        or bare.startswith("gpt-5.6.")
     )
 
 
@@ -410,11 +418,12 @@ def _compression_threshold_for_model(
 
     Per-model/route overrides:
       - Arcee Trinity Large Thinking → 0.75 (preserve reasoning context).
-      - gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 on the Codex OAuth route → 0.85, because Codex caps
-        both families at 272K and the default 50% trigger would compact at
-        ~136K. Gated by ``allow_codex_gpt55_autoraise`` (historical config-key
-        name kept for backward compatibility) so the user can opt back down to
-        the global default (the caller passes the config flag through here).
+      - gpt-5.4 / gpt-5.5 / gpt-5.6 on the Codex OAuth route → 0.85, because
+        Codex caps all three families at 272K and the default 50% trigger
+        would compact at ~136K. Gated by ``allow_codex_gpt55_autoraise``
+        (historical config-key name kept for backward compatibility) so the
+        user can opt back down to the global default (the caller passes the
+        config flag through here).
       - gpt-5.3-codex-spark on the Codex OAuth route → 0.70, because the model
         has a native 128K window and the default 50% trigger would compact at
         ~64K — wasting half the usable context. Not gated by the gpt-5.5

agent/chat_completion_helpers.py

@@ -1399,6 +1399,7 @@ def try_activate_fallback(agent, reason: "FailoverReason | None" = None) -> bool
             fb_api_mode = "bedrock_converse"
 
         old_model = agent.model
+        old_provider = agent.provider
 
         # Clear the per-config context_length override so the fallback
         # model's actual context window is resolved instead of inheriting
@@ -1544,6 +1545,16 @@ def try_activate_fallback(agent, reason: "FailoverReason | None" = None) -> bool
             f"🔄 Primary model failed — switching to fallback: "
             f"{fb_model} via {fb_provider}"
         )
+        # The buffered line above is dropped on successful recovery, but a
+        # provider/model switch is a durable state change operators must see
+        # even when the fallback succeeds.  Record a one-shot notice that the
+        # success path surfaces exactly once via _emit_pending_fallback_notice
+        # (see run_agent.py); it is discarded on terminal failure since the
+        # buffered line is flushed instead.  See fallback-observability fix.
+        agent._pending_fallback_notice = (
+            f"🔄 Switched to fallback model: {old_model} via {old_provider} "
+            f"→ {fb_model} via {fb_provider}"
+        )
         logger.info(
             "Fallback activated: %s → %s (%s)",
             old_model, fb_model, fb_provider,

agent/context_compressor.py

@@ -193,8 +193,10 @@ _HISTORICAL_SUMMARY_PREFIXES = (
 _MIN_SUMMARY_TOKENS = 2000
 # Proportion of compressed content to allocate for summary
 _SUMMARY_RATIO = 0.20
-# Absolute ceiling for summary tokens (even on very large context windows)
-_SUMMARY_TOKENS_CEILING = 12_000
+# Absolute ceiling for summary tokens (even on very large context windows).
+# Summaries must stay within a 1K-10K token envelope — anything larger is
+# itself a context-pressure source and slows every compaction.
+_SUMMARY_TOKENS_CEILING = 10_000
 
 # Placeholder used when pruning old tool results
 _PRUNED_TOOL_PLACEHOLDER = "[Old tool output cleared to save context space]"
@@ -227,6 +229,16 @@ _AUTO_FOCUS_MAX_CHARS = 700
 # back the old large-tool-output case where nothing can be compacted.
 _MAX_TAIL_MESSAGE_FLOOR = 8
 
+# Models with context windows below this get their compression threshold
+# floored at ``_SMALL_CTX_THRESHOLD_PERCENT`` (raise-only — an explicitly
+# higher user/model threshold always wins).  At the default 50% trigger a
+# 128K-262K model compacts with only ~64-131K consumed; the incompressible
+# floor (system prompt + tool schemas + protected tail + rolling summary)
+# eats most of the reclaimed headroom, so compaction re-fires every 1-2
+# turns and the session spends most of its wall-clock summarizing.
+_SMALL_CTX_WINDOW_LIMIT = 512_000
+_SMALL_CTX_THRESHOLD_PERCENT = 0.75
+
 
 _PATH_MENTION_RE = re.compile(r"(?:/|~/?|[A-Za-z]:\\)[^\s`'\")\]}<>]+")
 
@@ -883,6 +895,18 @@ class ContextCompressor(ContextEngine):
         self.provider = provider
         self.api_mode = api_mode
         self.context_length = context_length
+        # Re-apply the small-context threshold floor for the NEW window,
+        # starting from the originally-configured percent (not the possibly
+        # floored live value) so a small -> large switch drops back to the
+        # configured threshold and a large -> small switch gains the floor.
+        # Guard with getattr: compressors unpickled/constructed before this
+        # attribute existed fall back to the live value.
+        _configured_pct = getattr(
+            self, "_configured_threshold_percent", self.threshold_percent,
+        )
+        self.threshold_percent = self._effective_threshold_percent(
+            context_length, _configured_pct,
+        )
         # max_tokens=None here means "caller didn't specify" → keep the existing
         # output reservation. A switch that genuinely changes the output budget
         # passes the new value explicitly. (#43547)
@@ -945,6 +969,23 @@ class ContextCompressor(ContextEngine):
             return None
         return ivalue if ivalue > 0 else None
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _effective_threshold_percent(
+        context_length: int, threshold_percent: float,
+    ) -> float:
+        """Apply the small-context threshold floor (raise-only).
+
+        Models under ``_SMALL_CTX_WINDOW_LIMIT`` (512K) trigger at no less
+        than ``_SMALL_CTX_THRESHOLD_PERCENT`` (75%) of the window.  An
+        explicitly higher threshold (user config or per-model autoraise,
+        e.g. Codex gpt-5.5's 85%) always wins; only lower values are raised.
+        Large-context models keep the configured value — at 512K+ the default
+        50% trigger already leaves ample post-compaction headroom.
+        """
+        if context_length and context_length < _SMALL_CTX_WINDOW_LIMIT:
+            return max(threshold_percent, _SMALL_CTX_THRESHOLD_PERCENT)
+        return threshold_percent
+
     @staticmethod
     def _compute_threshold_tokens(
         context_length: int, threshold_percent: float, max_tokens: int | None = None,
@@ -1032,6 +1073,18 @@ class ContextCompressor(ContextEngine):
             config_context_length=config_context_length,
             provider=provider,
         )
+        # Small-context threshold floor: models under 512K trigger at >=75%
+        # so compaction doesn't fire with half the window still free (the
+        # incompressible floor makes 50%-triggered compaction thrash on
+        # 128K-262K models). Raise-only; must run AFTER context_length is
+        # resolved and BEFORE threshold_tokens is derived. The pre-floor
+        # value is kept so update_model() can re-derive for a new window
+        # (switching small -> large must drop back to the configured value).
+        self._configured_threshold_percent = self.threshold_percent
+        self.threshold_percent = self._effective_threshold_percent(
+            self.context_length, self.threshold_percent,
+        )
+        threshold_percent = self.threshold_percent
         # Floor: never compress below MINIMUM_CONTEXT_LENGTH tokens even if
         # the percentage would suggest a lower value.  This prevents premature
         # compression on large-context models at 50% while keeping the % sane
@@ -1410,11 +1463,26 @@ class ContextCompressor(ContextEngine):
         (API keys, tokens, passwords) from leaking into the summary that
         gets sent to the auxiliary model and persisted across compactions.
         """
+        # Lazy import (matches title_generator.py) — agent_runtime_helpers
+        # pulls in heavy transitive imports we don't want at module load.
+        from agent.agent_runtime_helpers import strip_think_blocks
+
         parts = []
         for msg in turns:
             role = msg.get("role", "unknown")
             content = redact_sensitive_text(msg.get("content") or "")
             content = _MEDIA_DIRECTIVE_RE.sub("[media attachment]", content)
+            # Strip inline reasoning blocks (<think>, <reasoning>, etc.) from
+            # assistant content before it reaches the summarizer. Reasoning
+            # traces are transient scratch work — feeding them to the aux
+            # model wastes summarizer context and risks scratch-work
+            # conclusions being preserved as facts in the summary. The native
+            # ``reasoning`` message field is already excluded (only
+            # ``content`` is serialized); this closes the inline-tag path
+            # used when native thinking is disabled or the provider inlines
+            # traces into content.
+            if role == "assistant" and content:
+                content = strip_think_blocks(None, content)
 
             # Tool results: keep enough content for the summarizer
             if role == "tool":
@@ -1880,7 +1948,15 @@ This compaction should PRIORITISE preserving all information related to the focu
                     "api_mode": self.api_mode,
                 },
                 "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
-                "max_tokens": int(summary_budget * 1.3),
+                # NO max_tokens: the output cap must never truncate a summary.
+                # ``summary_budget`` is prompt-level guidance only ("Target ~N
+                # tokens" above). Most OpenAI-compatible wires already omit the
+                # param (see _build_call_kwargs), but the Anthropic Messages
+                # wire and NVIDIA NIM forward it — a hard cap there cut
+                # summaries mid-section (thinking models burn the cap on
+                # reasoning first), producing truncated/thinking-only
+                # summaries and compaction loops. Omitting lets the adapter
+                # fall back to the model's native output ceiling.
                 # timeout resolved from auxiliary.compression.timeout config by call_llm
             }
             if self.summary_model:
@@ -1920,6 +1996,16 @@ This compaction should PRIORITISE preserving all information related to the focu
                     f"(provider={self.provider or 'auto'} "
                     f"model={self.summary_model or self.model})"
                 )
+            # Strip reasoning blocks the summarizer model may have emitted
+            # (<think>...</think> etc. from thinking models like MiniMax,
+            # DeepSeek, QwQ). Without this the trace is stored in
+            # _previous_summary, injected into the conversation, AND fed back
+            # into every subsequent iterative-update prompt — compounding
+            # token bloat across compactions. Mirrors title_generator.py.
+            from agent.agent_runtime_helpers import strip_think_blocks
+            stripped = strip_think_blocks(None, content).strip()
+            if stripped:
+                content = stripped
             # Redact the summary output as well — the summarizer LLM may
             # ignore prompt instructions and echo back secrets verbatim.
             summary = redact_sensitive_text(content.strip())

agent/conversation_loop.py

@@ -5062,8 +5062,11 @@ def run_conversation(
                 # Reset retry counter/signature on successful content
                 agent._empty_content_retries = 0
                 agent._thinking_prefill_retries = 0
-                # Successful content reached — drop any buffered retry
-                # status from earlier failed attempts in this turn.
+                # Successful content reached — surface the one-shot fallback
+                # switch notice (if a fallback activated this turn) before
+                # dropping the noisy retry buffer, so a provider/model switch
+                # stays visible even when the fallback succeeds.
+                agent._emit_pending_fallback_notice()
                 agent._clear_status_buffer()
 
                 from agent.agent_runtime_helpers import (

agent/memory_manager.py

@@ -783,6 +783,55 @@ class MemoryManager:
                     exc_info=True,
                 )
 
+    def commit_session_boundary_async(
+        self,
+        messages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        *,
+        new_session_id: str,
+        parent_session_id: str = "",
+        reason: str = "new_session",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Queue old-session extraction + provider rebinding as ONE serialized task.
+
+        Session rotation (/new) must deliver ``on_session_end`` (end-of-session
+        extraction — an LLM-bound call that can take seconds) strictly BEFORE
+        ``on_session_switch`` (which rebinds provider-internal ``_session_id`` /
+        turn buffers to the new session). Running extraction inline blocked the
+        /new command for the whole LLM round-trip (#16454); running it on an
+        ad-hoc thread raced the inline switch — providers key off internal
+        state, so a late ``on_session_end`` ran against post-switch bindings
+        (transcript misattributed to the new session id, double-ingest of the
+        old turn buffer, new-session buffers cleared).
+
+        Submitting BOTH hooks as one task on the manager's single background
+        worker gives both properties at a single chokepoint: the caller returns
+        immediately, and the worker's FIFO order serializes end→switch against
+        every other provider write (per-turn ``sync_all``, prefetches), which
+        already share the same worker. If the executor is unavailable,
+        ``_submit_background`` degrades to inline execution — the pre-#16454
+        synchronous behavior, slow but correct.
+        """
+        if not self._providers:
+            return
+        snapshot = list(messages or [])
+
+        def _run() -> None:
+            try:
+                self.on_session_end(snapshot)
+            except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover - on_session_end guards per-provider
+                logger.warning("Session-boundary extraction failed: %s", e)
+            try:
+                self.on_session_switch(
+                    new_session_id,
+                    parent_session_id=parent_session_id,
+                    reset=True,
+                    reason=reason,
+                )
+            except Exception as e:  # pragma: no cover - on_session_switch guards per-provider
+                logger.warning("Session-boundary switch failed: %s", e)
+
+        self._submit_background(_run)
+
     def on_session_switch(
         self,
         new_session_id: str,

agent/model_metadata.py

@@ -111,6 +111,15 @@ _MODEL_CACHE_TTL = 3600
 _endpoint_model_metadata_cache: Dict[str, Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]] = {}
 _endpoint_model_metadata_cache_time: Dict[str, float] = {}
 _ENDPOINT_MODEL_CACHE_TTL = 300
+# Bounded-lifetime cache: after the first successful probe we remember the
+# server type so subsequent refreshes skip the full waterfall (no more 404
+# spam every 5 minutes on non-matching endpoints like /api/v1/models on vllm).
+# Entries expire after _ENDPOINT_PROBE_TTL_SECONDS so a server swap on the
+# same port (stop Ollama, start LM Studio) is eventually re-detected instead
+# of being pinned to the stale type for the whole process lifetime.
+# Values are (server_type, monotonic_timestamp).
+_ENDPOINT_PROBE_TTL_SECONDS = 3600.0
+_endpoint_probe_path_cache: Dict[str, tuple] = {}
 
 
 def _get_model_metadata_cache_path() -> Path:
@@ -220,6 +229,12 @@ DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS = {
     # ChatGPT Codex OAuth caps it at 272K; both paths resolve via their own
     # provider-aware branches (_resolve_codex_oauth_context_length + models.dev).
     # This hardcoded value is only reached when every probe misses.
+    # GPT-5.6 series (Sol/Terra/Luna, GA 2026-07-09) — 1.05M on the direct
+    # OpenAI API (same as gpt-5.5). Codex OAuth caps these at 272K.
+    # (Lookups length-sort keys at match time, so dict order is cosmetic.)
+    "gpt-5.6-luna": 1050000,
+    "gpt-5.6-terra": 1050000,
+    "gpt-5.6-sol": 1050000,
     "gpt-5.5": 1050000,
     "gpt-5.4-nano": 400000,           # 400k (not 1.05M like full 5.4)
     "gpt-5.4-mini": 400000,           # 400k (not 1.05M like full 5.4)
@@ -289,11 +304,13 @@ DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS = {
     # Premium+); /v1/responses additionally enforces a ~262144 input+output
     # budget, but the usable context (what we track here) is 200k.
     "grok-composer": 200000,    # grok-composer-2.5-fast (Grok Build CLI)
+    "grok-build-latest": 500000,  # alias of grok-4.5 (early access)
     "grok-build": 256000,       # grok-build-0.1
     "grok-code-fast": 256000,   # grok-code-fast-1
     "grok-2-vision": 8192,      # grok-2-vision, -1212, -latest
     "grok-4-fast": 2000000,     # grok-4-fast-(non-)reasoning, also matches -reasoning
     "grok-4.20": 2000000,       # grok-4.20-0309-(non-)reasoning, -multi-agent-0309
+    "grok-4.5": 500000,         # grok-4.5, grok-4.5-latest — 500K context per docs.x.ai
     "grok-4.3": 1000000,        # grok-4.3, grok-4.3-latest — 1M context per docs.x.ai
     "grok-4": 256000,           # grok-4, grok-4-0709
     "grok-3": 131072,           # grok-3, grok-3-mini, grok-3-fast, grok-3-mini-fast
@@ -305,6 +322,8 @@ DEFAULT_CONTEXT_LENGTHS = {
     # OpenRouter live metadata reports 262144 (256 × 1024); align the
     # static fallback so cache and offline both agree (issue #22268).
     "hy3-preview": 262144,
+    # Tencent — Hy3 (GA successor to Hy3 Preview), same 256K window.
+    "hy3": 262144,
     # Nemotron — NVIDIA's open-weights series (128K context across all sizes)
     "nemotron": 131072,
     # Arcee
@@ -345,6 +364,11 @@ _GROK_EFFORT_CAPABLE_PREFIXES = (
     "grok-3-mini",
     "grok-4.20-multi-agent",
     "grok-4.3",
+    # grok-4.5: verified live against /v1/responses 2026-07-08 — accepts
+    # effort low/medium/high (default: high when omitted) but REJECTS
+    # "none" ("This model does not support `reasoning_effort` value `none`"),
+    # unlike grok-4.3. models.dev agrees: effort values [low, medium, high].
+    "grok-4.5",
 )
 
 
@@ -623,66 +647,109 @@ def is_local_endpoint(base_url: str) -> bool:
     return False
 
 
+def _localhost_to_ipv4(url: str) -> str:
+    """Rewrite a ``localhost`` HOST to ``127.0.0.1`` in a probe URL.
+
+    On Windows dual-stack machines, httpx resolves ``localhost`` to ``::1``
+    first and pays a ~2s IPv6 connect timeout before falling back to IPv4
+    when the local server only listens on IPv4 (LM Studio, Ollama defaults).
+    Probing the IPv4 loopback directly skips that penalty.
+
+    Only the URL's own host component is rewritten (anchored at the scheme),
+    so a non-localhost URL whose path or query merely embeds the substring
+    ``http://localhost...`` (e.g. ``?upstream=http://localhost:11434``)
+    passes through untouched.
+    """
+    if not url:
+        return url
+    return re.sub(
+        r"^(https?://)localhost(?=[:/]|$)",
+        r"\g<1>127.0.0.1",
+        url,
+        count=1,
+    )
+
+
 def detect_local_server_type(base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -> Optional[str]:
     """Detect which local server is running at base_url by probing known endpoints.
 
     Returns one of: "ollama", "lm-studio", "vllm", "llamacpp", or None.
+
+    The result is cached for the lifetime of the process so that repeated
+    calls (e.g. every 5-minute metadata refresh) never re-run the waterfall
+    and never spray 404s at endpoints the server does not expose.
     """
     import httpx
 
     normalized = _normalize_base_url(base_url)
+
+    # Resolve localhost to IPv4 to avoid 2s IPv6 timeout on Windows dual-stack.
+    # Applied to ``normalized`` before deriving server/LM Studio URLs AND
+    # before the cache lookup, so localhost and 127.0.0.1 share a cache entry.
+    normalized = _localhost_to_ipv4(normalized)
+
     server_url = normalized
     if server_url.endswith("/v1"):
         server_url = server_url[:-3]
-    lmstudio_url = _lmstudio_server_root(base_url)
+    lmstudio_url = _lmstudio_server_root(normalized)
+
+    cached = _endpoint_probe_path_cache.get(server_url)
+    if cached is not None and (time.monotonic() - cached[1]) < _ENDPOINT_PROBE_TTL_SECONDS:
+        return cached[0]
 
     headers = _auth_headers(api_key)
 
+    result: Optional[str] = None
     try:
         with httpx.Client(timeout=2.0, headers=headers) as client:
             # LM Studio exposes /api/v1/models — check first (most specific)
             try:
                 r = client.get(f"{lmstudio_url}/api/v1/models")
                 if r.status_code == 200:
-                    return "lm-studio"
+                    result = "lm-studio"
             except Exception:
                 pass
-            # Ollama exposes /api/tags and responds with {"models": [...]}
-            # LM Studio returns {"error": "Unexpected endpoint"} with status 200
-            # on this path, so we must verify the response contains "models".
-            try:
-                r = client.get(f"{server_url}/api/tags")
-                if r.status_code == 200:
-                    try:
+            if result is None:
+                # Ollama exposes /api/tags and responds with {"models": [...]}
+                # LM Studio returns {"error": "Unexpected endpoint"} with status 200
+                # on this path, so we must verify the response contains "models".
+                try:
+                    r = client.get(f"{server_url}/api/tags")
+                    if r.status_code == 200:
+                        try:
+                            data = r.json()
+                            if "models" in data:
+                                result = "ollama"
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            if result is None:
+                # llama.cpp exposes /v1/props (older builds used /props without the /v1 prefix)
+                try:
+                    r = client.get(f"{server_url}/v1/props")
+                    if r.status_code != 200:
+                        r = client.get(f"{server_url}/props")  # fallback for older builds
+                    if r.status_code == 200 and "default_generation_settings" in r.text:
+                        result = "llamacpp"
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            if result is None:
+                # vLLM: /version
+                try:
+                    r = client.get(f"{server_url}/version")
+                    if r.status_code == 200:
                         data = r.json()
-                        if "models" in data:
-                            return "ollama"
-                    except Exception:
-                        pass
-            except Exception:
-                pass
-            # llama.cpp exposes /v1/props (older builds used /props without the /v1 prefix)
-            try:
-                r = client.get(f"{server_url}/v1/props")
-                if r.status_code != 200:
-                    r = client.get(f"{server_url}/props")  # fallback for older builds
-                if r.status_code == 200 and "default_generation_settings" in r.text:
-                    return "llamacpp"
-            except Exception:
-                pass
-            # vLLM: /version
-            try:
-                r = client.get(f"{server_url}/version")
-                if r.status_code == 200:
-                    data = r.json()
-                    if "version" in data:
-                        return "vllm"
-            except Exception:
-                pass
+                        if "version" in data:
+                            result = "vllm"
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
     except Exception:
         pass
 
-    return None
+    if result is not None:
+        _endpoint_probe_path_cache[server_url] = (result, time.monotonic())
+    return result
 
 
 def _iter_nested_dicts(value: Any):
@@ -786,7 +853,10 @@ def fetch_model_metadata(force_refresh: bool = False) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any
                 return _model_metadata_cache
 
     try:
-        response = requests.get(OPENROUTER_MODELS_URL, timeout=10, verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
+        # Tuple (connect, read) — flat timeout=10 means urllib3 can block 10s per
+        # retry stage through proxies that 403 CONNECT, ballooning to minutes
+        # (#46620). 5s connect / 10s read fails fast on unreachable hosts.
+        response = requests.get(OPENROUTER_MODELS_URL, timeout=(5, 10), verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
         response.raise_for_status()
         data = response.json()
 
@@ -864,7 +934,7 @@ def fetch_endpoint_model_metadata(
                 response = requests.get(
                     server_url.rstrip("/") + "/api/v1/models",
                     headers=headers,
-                    timeout=10,
+                    timeout=(5, 10),
                     verify=_resolve_requests_verify(),
                 )
                 response.raise_for_status()
@@ -912,7 +982,7 @@ def fetch_endpoint_model_metadata(
     for candidate in candidates:
         url = candidate.rstrip("/") + "/models"
         try:
-            response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10, verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
+            response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=(5, 10), verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
             response.raise_for_status()
             payload = response.json()
             cache: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
@@ -1013,13 +1083,23 @@ def _load_context_cache() -> Dict[str, int]:
         return {}
 
 
+def _context_cache_key(model: str, base_url: str) -> str:
+    """Canonical ``model@base_url`` key for the persistent context cache.
+
+    Trailing slashes are stripped so ``http://host/v1`` and
+    ``http://host/v1/`` share one entry instead of creating duplicates
+    that can go stale independently.
+    """
+    return f"{model}@{(base_url or '').rstrip('/')}"
+
+
 def save_context_length(model: str, base_url: str, length: int) -> None:
     """Persist a discovered context length for a model+provider combo.
 
     Cache key is ``model@base_url`` so the same model name served from
     different providers can have different limits.
     """
-    key = f"{model}@{base_url}"
+    key = _context_cache_key(model, base_url)
     cache = _load_context_cache()
     if cache.get(key) == length:
         return  # already stored
@@ -1036,18 +1116,43 @@ def save_context_length(model: str, base_url: str, length: int) -> None:
 
 def get_cached_context_length(model: str, base_url: str) -> Optional[int]:
     """Look up a previously discovered context length for model+provider."""
-    key = f"{model}@{base_url}"
+    key = _context_cache_key(model, base_url)
     cache = _load_context_cache()
-    return cache.get(key)
+    hit = cache.get(key)
+    if hit is not None:
+        return hit
+    # Legacy rows written before key normalization may carry a trailing
+    # slash — honor them rather than re-probing. Checked regardless of the
+    # caller's slash form: the row's shape and the caller's shape can differ
+    # in either direction (old slashed row + new normalized config, or the
+    # reverse), so probe the literal form and the slashed canonical form.
+    for legacy_key in (f"{model}@{base_url}", f"{key}/"):
+        if legacy_key != key:
+            hit = cache.get(legacy_key)
+            if hit is not None:
+                return hit
+    return None
 
 
 def _invalidate_cached_context_length(model: str, base_url: str) -> None:
     """Drop a stale cache entry so it gets re-resolved on the next lookup."""
-    key = f"{model}@{base_url}"
+    key = _context_cache_key(model, base_url)
     cache = _load_context_cache()
-    if key not in cache:
+    # Invalidation must also drop the in-memory TTL probe entries for this
+    # pair — otherwise the next resolution inside the TTL window reuses the
+    # very value we just declared stale and re-persists it.
+    bare = _strip_provider_prefix(model)
+    stripped = (base_url or "").rstrip("/")
+    _LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_CACHE.pop((bare, stripped), None)
+    _LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_CACHE.pop(("ollama_show", bare, stripped), None)
+    # Clear every key shape for this pair: canonical, the caller's literal
+    # form, and the slashed legacy form — same set get_cached_context_length
+    # consults, so a lookup can never resurrect a row invalidation missed.
+    stale_keys = {key, f"{model}@{base_url}", f"{key}/"}
+    if not any(k in cache for k in stale_keys):
         return
-    del cache[key]
+    for k in stale_keys:
+        cache.pop(k, None)
     path = _get_context_cache_path()
     try:
         path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -1334,7 +1439,7 @@ def query_ollama_num_ctx(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -> Option
     import httpx
 
     bare_model = _strip_provider_prefix(model)
-    server_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
+    server_url = _localhost_to_ipv4(base_url.rstrip("/"))
     if server_url.endswith("/v1"):
         server_url = server_url[:-3]
 
@@ -1395,7 +1500,7 @@ def query_ollama_supports_vision(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -
     except Exception:
         return None
 
-    server_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
+    server_url = _localhost_to_ipv4(base_url.rstrip("/"))
     if server_url.endswith("/v1"):
         server_url = server_url[:-3]
 
@@ -1434,6 +1539,12 @@ def _query_ollama_api_show(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -> Opti
     hosting behind a reverse proxy, etc.  For non-Ollama servers the POST
     returns 404/405 quickly; the function handles errors gracefully.
 
+    Results are cached in ``_LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_CACHE`` (same 30s TTL,
+    positive-only — see ``_query_local_context_length``) so back-to-back
+    resolutions during one startup issue a single POST instead of one per
+    call site. Failures are never memoized: a server that isn't up yet must
+    be re-probed once it comes up.
+
     For hosted servers the GGUF ``model_info.*.context_length`` is the
     authoritative source: the user can't set their own ``num_ctx``, and the
     OpenAI-compat ``/v1/models`` endpoint correctly omits ``context_length``
@@ -1445,9 +1556,28 @@ def _query_ollama_api_show(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -> Opti
     The order is flipped vs ``query_ollama_num_ctx()`` because local users
     control ``num_ctx`` themselves; hosted users can't.
     """
+    import time as _time
+
+    # Namespaced cache key: shares the TTL store with
+    # _query_local_context_length but never collides with its (model, url)
+    # keys — the two probes can return different values for the same pair.
+    cache_key = ("ollama_show", _strip_provider_prefix(model), base_url.rstrip("/"))
+    now = _time.monotonic()
+    cached = _LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_CACHE.get(cache_key)
+    if cached is not None and (now - cached[1]) < _LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_TTL_SECONDS:
+        return cached[0]
+
+    result = _query_ollama_api_show_uncached(model, base_url, api_key=api_key)
+    if result:  # positive-only — never memoize a failed probe
+        _LOCAL_CTX_PROBE_CACHE[cache_key] = (result, now)
+    return result
+
+
+def _query_ollama_api_show_uncached(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str = "") -> Optional[int]:
+    """Uncached body of ``_query_ollama_api_show`` — one POST to ``/api/show``."""
     import httpx
 
-    server_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
+    server_url = _localhost_to_ipv4(base_url.rstrip("/"))
     if server_url.endswith("/v1"):
         server_url = server_url[:-3]
 
@@ -1566,10 +1696,10 @@ def _query_local_context_length_uncached(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str
     model = _strip_provider_prefix(model)
 
     # Strip /v1 suffix to get the server root
-    server_url = base_url.rstrip("/")
+    server_url = _localhost_to_ipv4(base_url.rstrip("/"))
     if server_url.endswith("/v1"):
         server_url = server_url[:-3]
-    lmstudio_url = _lmstudio_server_root(base_url)
+    lmstudio_url = _localhost_to_ipv4(_lmstudio_server_root(base_url))
 
     headers = _auth_headers(api_key)
 
@@ -1679,7 +1809,7 @@ def _query_anthropic_context_length(model: str, base_url: str, api_key: str) ->
             "x-api-key": api_key,
             "anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
         }
-        resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10, verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
+        resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=(5, 10), verify=_resolve_requests_verify())
         if resp.status_code != 200:
             return None
         data = resp.json()
@@ -1713,6 +1843,9 @@ _CODEX_OAUTH_CONTEXT_FALLBACK: Dict[str, int] = {
     "gpt-5.3-codex-spark": 128_000,
     "gpt-5.2-codex": 272_000,
     "gpt-5.4-mini": 272_000,
+    "gpt-5.6-sol": 272_000,
+    "gpt-5.6-terra": 272_000,
+    "gpt-5.6-luna": 272_000,
     "gpt-5.5": 272_000,
     "gpt-5.4": 272_000,
     "gpt-5.2": 272_000,
@@ -1746,7 +1879,7 @@ def _fetch_codex_oauth_context_lengths(access_token: str) -> Dict[str, int]:
         resp = requests.get(
             "https://chatgpt.com/backend-api/codex/models?client_version=1.0.0",
             headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"},
-            timeout=10,
+            timeout=(5, 10),
             verify=_resolve_requests_verify(),
         )
         if resp.status_code != 200:
@@ -2430,5 +2563,82 @@ def estimate_request_tokens_rough(
     if messages:
         total += estimate_messages_tokens_rough(messages)
     if tools:
-        total += (len(str(tools)) + 3) // 4
+        total += _estimate_tools_tokens_rough(tools)
     return total
+
+
+# NOTE: tool schemas can be large. Avoid repeated `str(tools)` conversions,
+# which are CPU-heavy and can stall GUI event loops under GIL pressure.
+#
+# Keyed by ``id(tools)``. A long-lived gateway/desktop backend builds many
+# transient tool lists over its lifetime, so the cache is bounded and evicts
+# oldest-first (insertion-ordered dict) once it exceeds the cap. The cap is
+# generous relative to how rarely toolsets are rebuilt within a process.
+_TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE: dict[int, Tuple[int, str, str, int]] = {}
+_TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE_MAX = 256
+
+
+def _tool_name_for_cache(tool: Any) -> str:
+    if not isinstance(tool, dict):
+        return ""
+    fn = tool.get("function")
+    if isinstance(fn, dict):
+        name = fn.get("name")
+        if isinstance(name, str):
+            return name
+    name = tool.get("name")
+    return name if isinstance(name, str) else ""
+
+
+def _estimate_tools_tokens_rough(tools: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> int:
+    if not tools:
+        return 0
+
+    # Cache by list identity. Tools are rebuilt rarely (toolset changes),
+    # but token estimates are requested frequently (preflight, compaction).
+    key = id(tools)
+    n = len(tools)
+    first = _tool_name_for_cache(tools[0]) if n else ""
+    last = _tool_name_for_cache(tools[-1]) if n else ""
+
+    cached = _TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE.get(key)
+    if cached is not None:
+        cached_n, cached_first, cached_last, cached_tokens = cached
+        if cached_n == n and cached_first == first and cached_last == last:
+            return cached_tokens
+
+    # Fast, stable rough estimate: sum lengths of the major schema fields.
+    # This avoids the pathological `str(tools)` path while still scaling with
+    # schema size (descriptions + parameters dominate).
+    total_chars = 0
+    for tool in tools:
+        if not isinstance(tool, dict):
+            continue
+        fn = tool.get("function")
+        if isinstance(fn, dict):
+            name = fn.get("name") or ""
+            desc = fn.get("description") or ""
+            params = fn.get("parameters") or {}
+        else:
+            name = tool.get("name") or ""
+            desc = tool.get("description") or ""
+            params = tool.get("parameters") or {}
+
+        if isinstance(name, str):
+            total_chars += len(name)
+        if isinstance(desc, str):
+            total_chars += len(desc)
+        # Parameters can be nested; JSON is closer to over-the-wire size than repr().
+        try:
+            total_chars += len(json.dumps(params, ensure_ascii=False, separators=(",", ":")))
+        except Exception:
+            total_chars += len(str(params))
+
+    tokens = (total_chars + 3) // 4
+    # Bound the cache: drop the oldest entry when the cap is exceeded so a
+    # long-running process can't accumulate an unbounded number of stale
+    # ``id(tools)`` entries (id values are recycled after GC anyway).
+    if len(_TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE) >= _TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE_MAX:
+        _TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE.pop(next(iter(_TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE)), None)
+    _TOOLS_TOKENS_CACHE[key] = (n, first, last, tokens)
+    return tokens

agent/prompt_builder.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ assemble pieces, then combines them with memory and ephemeral prompts.
 import json
 import logging
 import os
+import sys
 import threading
 import contextvars
 from collections import OrderedDict
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ from typing import Optional
 
 from agent.runtime_cwd import resolve_agent_cwd
 from agent.skill_utils import (
+    EXCLUDED_SKILL_DIRS,
+    SKILL_SUPPORT_DIRS,
     extract_skill_conditions,
     extract_skill_description,
     get_all_skills_dirs,
@@ -25,6 +28,7 @@ from agent.skill_utils import (
     parse_frontmatter,
     skill_matches_environment,
     skill_matches_platform,
+    skill_matches_platform_list,
 )
 from utils import atomic_json_write
 
@@ -743,6 +747,17 @@ PLATFORM_HINTS = {
         "or 'all'). Do not promise the user that a deliver='origin' or "
         "default-deliver cron job will message them in this session."
     ),
+    "desktop": (
+        "You are chatting inside the Hermes desktop app — a graphical chat "
+        "surface, not a terminal. Use markdown freely: it renders with full "
+        "GitHub flavor (tables, code blocks with syntax highlighting, math "
+        "via $...$, task lists, blockquote callouts). "
+        "You can deliver files natively — include MEDIA:/absolute/path/to/file "
+        "in your response. Images (.png, .jpg, .webp) appear inline, audio and "
+        "video play inline, and other files arrive as download links. You can "
+        "also include image URLs in markdown format ![alt](url) and they "
+        "render inline as photos."
+    ),
     "sms": (
         "You are communicating via SMS. Keep responses concise and use plain text "
         "only — no markdown, no formatting. SMS messages are limited to ~1600 "
@@ -1127,22 +1142,6 @@ def build_environment_hints() -> str:
                 f"`uname -a && whoami && pwd`."
             )
 
-    # Hermes desktop GUI — any agent running under the desktop app should know
-    # it. HERMES_DESKTOP marks the backend powering the chat; HERMES_DESKTOP_TERMINAL
-    # marks a hermes launched in the embedded terminal pane. Both set by main.cjs.
-    _truthy = ("1", "true", "yes")
-    _in_desktop = (os.getenv("HERMES_DESKTOP") or "").strip().lower() in _truthy
-    _in_desktop_term = (os.getenv("HERMES_DESKTOP_TERMINAL") or "").strip().lower() in _truthy
-    if _in_desktop or _in_desktop_term:
-        _desktop_hint = "Runtime surface: you're running inside the Hermes desktop GUI app."
-        if _in_desktop_term:
-            _desktop_hint += (
-                " You're in its embedded terminal pane, beside the GUI chat — the user can "
-                "select your output (⌥-drag on macOS, Shift-drag elsewhere) and press "
-                "⌘/Ctrl+L to send it to the chat composer."
-            )
-        hints.append(_desktop_hint)
-
     if is_wsl():
         hints.append(WSL_ENVIRONMENT_HINT)
 
@@ -1276,13 +1275,26 @@ def clear_skills_system_prompt_cache(*, clear_snapshot: bool = False) -> None:
 def _build_skills_manifest(skills_dir: Path) -> dict[str, list[int]]:
     """Build an mtime/size manifest of all SKILL.md and DESCRIPTION.md files."""
     manifest: dict[str, list[int]] = {}
-    for filename in ("SKILL.md", "DESCRIPTION.md"):
-        for path in iter_skill_index_files(skills_dir, filename):
+    skills_dir_str = str(skills_dir)
+    base = os.path.join(skills_dir_str, "")
+    prefix_len = len(base)
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(skills_dir_str, followlinks=True):
+        has_skill_md = "SKILL.md" in files
+        dirs[:] = [
+            d
+            for d in dirs
+            if d not in EXCLUDED_SKILL_DIRS
+            and not (has_skill_md and d in SKILL_SUPPORT_DIRS)
+        ]
+        for filename in ("SKILL.md", "DESCRIPTION.md"):
+            if filename not in files:
+                continue
+            path = os.path.join(root, filename)
             try:
-                st = path.stat()
+                st = os.stat(path)
             except OSError:
                 continue
-            manifest[str(path.relative_to(skills_dir))] = [st.st_mtime_ns, st.st_size]
+            manifest[path[prefix_len:]] = [st.st_mtime_ns, st.st_size]
     return manifest
 
 
@@ -1414,6 +1426,22 @@ def _skill_should_show(
     return True
 
 
+def _current_session_platform_hint() -> str:
+    """Return the active platform without importing the gateway package on CLI startup."""
+    platform = os.environ.get("HERMES_PLATFORM") or os.environ.get("HERMES_SESSION_PLATFORM")
+    if platform:
+        return platform
+
+    session_context = sys.modules.get("gateway.session_context")
+    get_session_env = getattr(session_context, "get_session_env", None) if session_context else None
+    if get_session_env is None:
+        return ""
+    try:
+        return get_session_env("HERMES_SESSION_PLATFORM") or ""
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+
 def build_skills_system_prompt(
     available_tools: "set[str] | None" = None,
     available_toolsets: "set[str] | None" = None,
@@ -1448,15 +1476,10 @@ def build_skills_system_prompt(
     # ── Layer 1: in-process LRU cache ─────────────────────────────────
     # Include the resolved platform so per-platform disabled-skill lists
     # produce distinct cache entries (gateway serves multiple platforms).
-    from gateway.session_context import get_session_env
-    _platform_hint = (
-        os.environ.get("HERMES_PLATFORM")
-        or get_session_env("HERMES_SESSION_PLATFORM")
-        or ""
-    )
+    _platform_hint = _current_session_platform_hint()
     disabled = get_disabled_skill_names(_platform_hint or None)
     cache_key = (
-        str(skills_dir.resolve()),
+        str(skills_dir),
         tuple(str(d) for d in external_dirs),
         tuple(sorted(str(t) for t in (available_tools or set()))),
         tuple(sorted(str(ts) for ts in (available_toolsets or set()))),
@@ -1485,7 +1508,7 @@ def build_skills_system_prompt(
             category = entry.get("category") or "general"
             frontmatter_name = entry.get("frontmatter_name") or skill_name
             platforms = entry.get("platforms") or []
-            if not skill_matches_platform({"platforms": platforms}):
+            if not skill_matches_platform_list(platforms):
                 continue
             if frontmatter_name in disabled or skill_name in disabled:
                 continue

agent/reasoning_timeouts.py

@@ -66,9 +66,13 @@ _REASONING_STALE_TIMEOUT_FLOORS: tuple[tuple[str, int], ...] = (
     ("nemotron-3-ultra", 600),
     ("nemotron-3-super", 600),
     ("nemotron-3-nano",  300),
-    # DeepSeek — R1 reasoning model on hosted NIM / DeepSeek direct.
+    # DeepSeek — R1 and V4 reasoning models on hosted NIM / DeepSeek direct.
+    # V4 series emits reasoning_content in a separate delta field before
+    # final content, requiring the same extended stale timeout floor.
     ("deepseek-r1", 600),
     ("deepseek-reasoner", 600),
+    ("deepseek-v4-flash", 600),
+    ("deepseek-v4-pro", 600),
     # Qwen — QwQ reasoning + Qwen3 thinking variants.  QwQ-32B
     # preview is the stable slug; ``qwen3`` covers the family of
     # thinking-mode Qwen3 models (qwen3-235b-a22b, qwen3-32b, etc.)
@@ -190,6 +194,10 @@ def get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor(model: object) -> Optional[float]:
     300.0
     >>> get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor("deepseek/deepseek-r1")
     600.0
+    >>> get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor("deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash")
+    600.0
+    >>> get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor("deepseek/deepseek-v4-pro")
+    600.0
     >>> get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor("qwen/qwen3-235b-a22b-thinking")
     180.0
     >>> get_reasoning_stale_timeout_floor("x-ai/grok-4-fast-reasoning")

agent/skill_utils.py

@@ -160,27 +160,8 @@ def parse_frontmatter(content: str) -> Tuple[Dict[str, Any], str]:
 # ── Platform matching ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 
-def skill_matches_platform(frontmatter: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
-    """Return True when the skill is compatible with the current OS.
-
-    Skills declare platform requirements via a top-level ``platforms`` list
-    in their YAML frontmatter::
-
-        platforms: [macos]          # macOS only
-        platforms: [macos, linux]   # macOS and Linux
-
-    If the field is absent or empty the skill is compatible with **all**
-    platforms (backward-compatible default).
-
-    Termux note: on Termux/Android, ``sys.platform`` is ``"linux"`` on
-    older Pythons but became ``"android"`` on Python 3.13+. Termux is a
-    Linux userland riding on the Android kernel, so skills tagged
-    ``linux`` are treated as compatible in Termux regardless of which
-    ``sys.platform`` value Python reports. Individual Linux commands
-    inside a skill may still misbehave (no systemd, BusyBox utils, no
-    apt/dnf, etc.) but that is on the skill, not on platform gating.
-    """
-    platforms = frontmatter.get("platforms")
+def skill_matches_platform_list(platforms: Any) -> bool:
+    """Return True when *platforms* is compatible with the current OS."""
     if not platforms:
         return True
     if not isinstance(platforms, list):
@@ -204,6 +185,29 @@ def skill_matches_platform(frontmatter: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
     return False
 
 
+def skill_matches_platform(frontmatter: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+    """Return True when the skill is compatible with the current OS.
+
+    Skills declare platform requirements via a top-level ``platforms`` list
+    in their YAML frontmatter::
+
+        platforms: [macos]          # macOS only
+        platforms: [macos, linux]   # macOS and Linux
+
+    If the field is absent or empty the skill is compatible with **all**
+    platforms (backward-compatible default).
+
+    Termux note: on Termux/Android, ``sys.platform`` is ``"linux"`` on
+    older Pythons but became ``"android"`` on Python 3.13+. Termux is a
+    Linux userland riding on the Android kernel, so skills tagged
+    ``linux`` are treated as compatible in Termux regardless of which
+    ``sys.platform`` value Python reports. Individual Linux commands
+    inside a skill may still misbehave (no systemd, BusyBox utils, no
+    apt/dnf, etc.) but that is on the skill, not on platform gating.
+    """
+    return skill_matches_platform_list(frontmatter.get("platforms"))
+
+
 # ── Environment matching ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 # Recognized environment tags and how each is detected. An environment tag is
@@ -787,8 +791,9 @@ def iter_skill_index_files(skills_dir: Path, filename: str):
     ``SKILL.md`` files, but they are progressive-disclosure data loaded through
     ``skill_view(..., file_path=...)`` rather than active skill roots.
     """
-    matches = []
-    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(skills_dir, followlinks=True):
+    skills_dir_str = str(skills_dir)
+    matches: list[str] = []
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(skills_dir_str, followlinks=True):
         has_skill_md = "SKILL.md" in files
         dirs[:] = [
             d
@@ -797,9 +802,9 @@ def iter_skill_index_files(skills_dir: Path, filename: str):
             and not (has_skill_md and d in SKILL_SUPPORT_DIRS)
         ]
         if filename in files:
-            matches.append(Path(root) / filename)
-    for path in sorted(matches, key=lambda p: str(p.relative_to(skills_dir))):
-        yield path
+            matches.append(os.path.join(root, filename))
+    for path in sorted(matches):
+        yield Path(path)
 
 
 # ── Namespace helpers for plugin-provided skills ───────────────────────────

agent/system_prompt.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ Pure helpers that read the agent's state.  AIAgent keeps thin forwarders.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import json
+import os
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
 from agent.prompt_builder import (
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ from agent.prompt_builder import (
     drain_truncation_warnings,
 )
 from agent.runtime_cwd import resolve_context_cwd
+from utils import is_truthy_value
 
 
 def _ra():
@@ -110,6 +112,36 @@ def _resolve_platform_hint(agent: Any, platform_key: str, default_hint: str) ->
     return base
 
 
+_TUI_EMBEDDED_PANE_CLARIFIER = (
+    " You're in its embedded terminal pane, beside the GUI chat — the user can "
+    "select your output (Option-drag on macOS, Shift-drag elsewhere) and press "
+    "Cmd/Ctrl+L to send it to the chat composer."
+)
+
+
+def _tui_embedded_pane_clarifier(hint: str) -> str:
+    """Append the desktop-embedded-terminal-pane clarifier to a tui hint.
+
+    Triggered by ``HERMES_DESKTOP_TERMINAL=1`` (set by ``main.cjs`` only on the
+    shell env of the desktop's embedded TUI PTY — never on the chat backend).
+    This is a runtime-surface qualifier, not a config override, so it lives at
+    the resolution site rather than inside ``_resolve_platform_hint`` (which
+    is purely the config-platform_hints override applier). Byte-stable for the
+    cache: called once per session build, deterministically from env state.
+
+    Idempotent and empty-safe: re-applying on an already-augmented hint is a
+    no-op, and an empty input returns empty (we never synthesize the
+    clarifier without its tui framing).
+    """
+    if not hint:
+        return hint
+    if _TUI_EMBEDDED_PANE_CLARIFIER in hint:
+        return hint
+    if not is_truthy_value(os.getenv("HERMES_DESKTOP_TERMINAL")):
+        return hint
+    return hint + _TUI_EMBEDDED_PANE_CLARIFIER
+
+
 def build_system_prompt_parts(agent: Any, system_message: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, str]:
     """Assemble the system prompt as three ordered parts.
 
@@ -398,6 +430,8 @@ def build_system_prompt_parts(agent: Any, system_message: Optional[str] = None)
             pass
 
     _effective_hint = _resolve_platform_hint(agent, platform_key, _default_hint)
+    if platform_key == "tui" and _effective_hint:
+        _effective_hint = _tui_embedded_pane_clarifier(_effective_hint)
     if _effective_hint:
         stable_parts.append(_effective_hint)
 

agent/transports/chat_completions.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ which has provider-specific conditionals for max_tokens defaults,
 reasoning configuration, temperature handling, and extra_body assembly.
 """
 
-import copy
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
 from agent.lmstudio_reasoning import resolve_lmstudio_effort
@@ -195,27 +194,63 @@ class ChatCompletionsTransport(ProviderTransport):
         if not needs_sanitize:
             return messages
 
-        sanitized = copy.deepcopy(messages)
-        for msg in sanitized:
+        sanitized = list(messages)
+        for msg_idx, msg in enumerate(messages):
             if not isinstance(msg, dict):
                 continue
-            msg.pop("codex_reasoning_items", None)
-            msg.pop("codex_message_items", None)
-            msg.pop("tool_name", None)
-            msg.pop("timestamp", None)  # #47868 — leak into strict providers
+
+            copied_msg: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+
+            def mutable_msg() -> dict[str, Any]:
+                nonlocal copied_msg
+                if copied_msg is None:
+                    copied_msg = dict(msg)
+                    sanitized[msg_idx] = copied_msg
+                return copied_msg
+
+            if (
+                "codex_reasoning_items" in msg
+                or "codex_message_items" in msg
+                or "tool_name" in msg
+                or "timestamp" in msg  # #47868 — leak into strict providers
+            ):
+                out_msg = mutable_msg()
+                out_msg.pop("codex_reasoning_items", None)
+                out_msg.pop("codex_message_items", None)
+                out_msg.pop("tool_name", None)
+                out_msg.pop("timestamp", None)  # #47868 — leak into strict providers
+
+
             # Drop all Hermes-internal scaffolding markers (``_``-prefixed).
             # OpenAI's message schema has no ``_``-prefixed fields, so this
             # is safe and future-proofs against new markers being added.
-            for key in [k for k in msg if isinstance(k, str) and k.startswith("_")]:
-                msg.pop(key, None)
+            internal_keys = [k for k in msg if isinstance(k, str) and k.startswith("_")]
+            if internal_keys:
+                out_msg = mutable_msg()
+                for key in internal_keys:
+                    out_msg.pop(key, None)
+
             tool_calls = msg.get("tool_calls")
             if isinstance(tool_calls, list):
-                for tc in tool_calls:
+                copied_tool_calls: list[Any] | None = None
+                for tc_idx, tc in enumerate(tool_calls):
                     if isinstance(tc, dict):
-                        tc.pop("call_id", None)
-                        tc.pop("response_item_id", None)
-                        if strip_extra_content:
-                            tc.pop("extra_content", None)
+                        should_copy_tc = (
+                            "call_id" in tc
+                            or "response_item_id" in tc
+                            or (strip_extra_content and "extra_content" in tc)
+                        )
+                        if should_copy_tc:
+                            if copied_tool_calls is None:
+                                copied_tool_calls = list(tool_calls)
+                            copied_tc = dict(tc)
+                            copied_tc.pop("call_id", None)
+                            copied_tc.pop("response_item_id", None)
+                            if strip_extra_content:
+                                copied_tc.pop("extra_content", None)
+                            copied_tool_calls[tc_idx] = copied_tc
+                if copied_tool_calls is not None:
+                    mutable_msg()["tool_calls"] = copied_tool_calls
         return sanitized
 
     def convert_tools(self, tools: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:

agent/usage_pricing.py

@@ -103,6 +103,54 @@ _UTC_NOW = lambda: datetime.now(timezone.utc)
 # Official docs snapshot entries. Models whose published pricing and cache
 # semantics are stable enough to encode exactly.
 _OFFICIAL_DOCS_PRICING: Dict[tuple[str, str], PricingEntry] = {
+    # ── OpenAI GPT-5.6 series (Sol/Terra/Luna) ───────────────────────────
+    # Announced in limited preview 2026-06-26; GA 2026-07-09 at the same
+    # rates (Sol $5/$30, Terra $2.50/$15, Luna $1/$6 per 1M in/out). Cache
+    # writes are billed at 1.25x the uncached input rate; cache reads get the
+    # standard 90% discount (0.10x input, confirmed: Sol $0.50/M cached).
+    # Note: "Sol Fast mode" ($12.5/$75, up to 750 tok/s via Cerebras) is a
+    # separate serving tier, not covered by these entries. The "-pro"
+    # variants (high-effort modes, GA alongside base tiers) bill at the
+    # SAME per-token rates and are aliased onto these entries below the
+    # dict (they cost more per task by consuming more tokens, not by a
+    # higher rate — verified against OpenRouter's live pricing 2026-07-09).
+    # Source: https://openai.com/index/previewing-gpt-5-6-sol/
+    (
+        "openai",
+        "gpt-5.6-sol",
+    ): PricingEntry(
+        input_cost_per_million=Decimal("5.00"),
+        output_cost_per_million=Decimal("30.00"),
+        cache_read_cost_per_million=Decimal("0.50"),
+        cache_write_cost_per_million=Decimal("6.25"),
+        source="official_docs_snapshot",
+        source_url="https://openai.com/index/previewing-gpt-5-6-sol/",
+        pricing_version="openai-gpt-5.6-2026-07",
+    ),
+    (
+        "openai",
+        "gpt-5.6-terra",
+    ): PricingEntry(
+        input_cost_per_million=Decimal("2.50"),
+        output_cost_per_million=Decimal("15.00"),
+        cache_read_cost_per_million=Decimal("0.25"),
+        cache_write_cost_per_million=Decimal("3.125"),
+        source="official_docs_snapshot",
+        source_url="https://openai.com/index/previewing-gpt-5-6-sol/",
+        pricing_version="openai-gpt-5.6-2026-07",
+    ),
+    (
+        "openai",
+        "gpt-5.6-luna",
+    ): PricingEntry(
+        input_cost_per_million=Decimal("1.00"),
+        output_cost_per_million=Decimal("6.00"),
+        cache_read_cost_per_million=Decimal("0.10"),
+        cache_write_cost_per_million=Decimal("1.25"),
+        source="official_docs_snapshot",
+        source_url="https://openai.com/index/previewing-gpt-5-6-sol/",
+        pricing_version="openai-gpt-5.6-2026-07",
+    ),
     # ── Anthropic Claude 4.8 ─────────────────────────────────────────────
     # Same $5/$25 base pricing as 4.6/4.7.  Fast-mode variant is a separate
     # model ID with 2x premium (vs the 6x premium on older Opus generations).
@@ -563,6 +611,15 @@ _OFFICIAL_DOCS_PRICING: Dict[tuple[str, str], PricingEntry] = {
     ),
 }
 
+# GPT-5.6 "-pro" high-effort variants bill at the same per-token rates as
+# their base tiers (more tokens per task, not a higher rate). Alias them
+# onto the base entries so the snapshot stays single-source.
+for _base_56 in ("gpt-5.6-sol", "gpt-5.6-terra", "gpt-5.6-luna"):
+    _OFFICIAL_DOCS_PRICING[("openai", f"{_base_56}-pro")] = _OFFICIAL_DOCS_PRICING[
+        ("openai", _base_56)
+    ]
+del _base_56
+
 
 def _to_decimal(value: Any) -> Optional[Decimal]:
     if value is None:
@@ -602,7 +659,11 @@ def resolve_billing_route(
         return BillingRoute(provider="nous", model=model, base_url=base_url or _NOUS_DEFAULT_BASE_URL, billing_mode="official_models_api")
     if provider_name == "anthropic":
         return BillingRoute(provider="anthropic", model=model.split("/")[-1], base_url=base_url or "", billing_mode="official_docs_snapshot")
-    if provider_name == "openai":
+    # "openai-api" is the picker/registry slug for direct api.openai.com; it
+    # bills identically to bare "openai", so normalize it here — otherwise the
+    # ("openai", <model>) _OFFICIAL_DOCS_PRICING keys are unreachable from the
+    # openai-api provider path.
+    if provider_name in {"openai", "openai-api"}:
         return BillingRoute(provider="openai", model=model.split("/")[-1], base_url=base_url or "", billing_mode="official_docs_snapshot")
     if provider_name in {"minimax", "minimax-cn"}:
         return BillingRoute(provider=provider_name, model=model.split("/")[-1], base_url=base_url or "", billing_mode="official_docs_snapshot")

apps/bootstrap-installer/src-tauri/src/bootstrap.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Bootstrap orchestration.
 //!
-//! Direct port of `runBootstrap` from `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.cjs`.
+//! Direct port of `runBootstrap` from `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.ts`.
 //! Drives install.ps1 / install.sh stage-by-stage, emits progress events
 //! over the Tauri `bootstrap` channel, writes a forensic log to
 //! HERMES_HOME/logs/bootstrap-<timestamp>.log.

apps/bootstrap-installer/src-tauri/src/events.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Event types streamed from Rust → React.
 //!
-//! These mirror `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.cjs`'s event shape
+//! These mirror `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.ts`'s event shape
 //! 1:1 so the React installer code can be roughly identical to the Electron
 //! install-overlay we'll replace.
 //!

apps/bootstrap-installer/src-tauri/src/install_script.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 //!   3. Network: download from GitHub raw at a pinned commit or branch.
 //!      Commit pins are immutable; branch pins are HEAD-tracking.
 //!
-//! Mirrors `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.cjs`'s `resolveInstallScript`,
+//! Mirrors `apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.ts`'s `resolveInstallScript`,
 //! but the dev-checkout resolution is driven by an env var rather than the
 //! Electron app's APP_ROOT/../.. trick, because Hermes-Setup.exe is meant
 //! to live OUTSIDE any repo checkout.
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ impl ScriptKind {
 }
 
 /// Validates a string looks like a git SHA (7+ hex chars). Mirrors
-/// `STAMP_COMMIT_RE` from bootstrap-runner.cjs.
+/// `STAMP_COMMIT_RE` from bootstrap-runner.ts.
 fn is_valid_commit(s: &str) -> bool {
     let len = s.len();
     (7..=40).contains(&len) && s.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_hexdigit())

apps/bootstrap-installer/src-tauri/src/paths.rs

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ fn repair_macos_installer_helper(path: &Path) {
 fn repair_macos_installer_helper(_path: &Path) {}
 
 /// Where install.ps1 writes the bootstrap-complete marker (existence-only file
-/// the Electron app also checks). Per main.cjs:
+/// the Electron app also checks). Per main.ts:
 ///   const BOOTSTRAP_COMPLETE_MARKER = path.join(ACTIVE_HERMES_ROOT, '.hermes-bootstrap-complete')
 /// We don't always know ACTIVE_HERMES_ROOT until install.ps1 reports it, so
 /// this is a probe helper, not a definitive path.

apps/bootstrap-installer/src-tauri/src/powershell.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! Drives PowerShell (Windows) or bash (Unix) for install.ps1 / install.sh.
 //!
-//! Port of `spawnPowerShell` from bootstrap-runner.cjs, with the same
+//! Port of `spawnPowerShell` from bootstrap-runner.ts, with the same
 //! line-buffered stdout/stderr streaming + cancellation semantics.
 //!
 //! On Windows we pass `-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File <script>`.
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ pub struct StreamSink {
     pub on_stderr_line: Box<dyn Fn(&str) + Send + Sync>,
 }
 
-/// Outcome of a script invocation. Mirrors bootstrap-runner.cjs's
+/// Outcome of a script invocation. Mirrors bootstrap-runner.ts's
 /// `{stdout, stderr, code, signal, killed}` shape.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ScriptResult {
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ fn interpreter_label() -> String {
 /// Parses the LAST line of stdout that looks like a JSON object matching
 /// the install.ps1 stage-result contract: `{ok: bool, stage: string, ...}`.
 ///
-/// Mirrors `parseStageResult` from bootstrap-runner.cjs. install.ps1 may
+/// Mirrors `parseStageResult` from bootstrap-runner.ts. install.ps1 may
 /// print info/banner lines before the result frame; we scan from the end.
 pub fn parse_stage_result(stdout: &str) -> Option<crate::events::StageResultPayload> {
     for line in stdout.lines().rev() {

apps/desktop/README.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Installers are built and uploaded to GitHub Releases manually. macOS/Windows sig
 
 ### How it works
 
-The packaged app ships the Electron shell and a native React chat surface. On first launch it can install the Hermes Agent runtime into `HERMES_HOME` (`~/.hermes`, or `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes` on Windows) — the **same layout a CLI install uses**, so the two are interchangeable. Backend resolution first honours `HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES_ROOT`, then a completed managed install, then a probed `hermes` on `PATH` (unless `HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1` is set), and finally an explicit `HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES` command override for packagers/troubleshooting. The renderer (React, in `src/`) talks to a headless backend the app launches for you — a `hermes serve` process that serves the `tui_gateway` JSON-RPC/WebSocket API — through the framework-agnostic client in [`apps/shared`](../shared/) (the same client the web dashboard consumes), and reuses the agent runtime rather than embedding `hermes --tui`. The app is **self-contained**: it runs its own `hermes serve` backend and never opens or requires the web dashboard UI. (For backward compatibility, a runtime that predates the `serve` command automatically falls back to a headless `dashboard --no-open` — see `electron/backend-command.cjs` — so mid-upgrade installs never break.) The install, backend-resolution, and self-update logic all live in `electron/main.cjs`.
+The packaged app ships the Electron shell and a native React chat surface. On first launch it can install the Hermes Agent runtime into `HERMES_HOME` (`~/.hermes`, or `%LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes` on Windows) — the **same layout a CLI install uses**, so the two are interchangeable. Backend resolution first honours `HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES_ROOT`, then a completed managed install, then a probed `hermes` on `PATH` (unless `HERMES_DESKTOP_IGNORE_EXISTING=1` is set), and finally an explicit `HERMES_DESKTOP_HERMES` command override for packagers/troubleshooting. The renderer (React, in `src/`) talks to a headless backend the app launches for you — a `hermes serve` process that serves the `tui_gateway` JSON-RPC/WebSocket API — through the framework-agnostic client in [`apps/shared`](../shared/) (the same client the web dashboard consumes), and reuses the agent runtime rather than embedding `hermes --tui`. The app is **self-contained**: it runs its own `hermes serve` backend and never opens or requires the web dashboard UI. (For backward compatibility, a runtime that predates the `serve` command automatically falls back to a headless `dashboard --no-open` — see `electron/backend-command.ts` — so mid-upgrade installs never break.) The install, backend-resolution, and self-update logic all live in `electron/main.ts`.
 
 ### Verification
 

apps/desktop/electron/backend-command.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { serveBackendArgs, dashboardFallbackArgs, sourceDeclaresServe } = require('./backend-command.cjs')
+import { dashboardFallbackArgs, serveBackendArgs, sourceDeclaresServe } from './backend-command'
 
 test('serveBackendArgs builds a headless serve invocation', () => {
   assert.deepEqual(serveBackendArgs(), ['serve', '--host', '127.0.0.1', '--port', '0'])
@@ -61,5 +61,6 @@ test('sourceDeclaresServe does not false-positive on the substring "server"', ()
     dashboard_parser = subparsers.add_parser("dashboard", help="Start the web UI dashboard")
     from hermes_cli.web_server import start_server  # web server
   `
+
   assert.equal(sourceDeclaresServe(oldSource), false)
 })

apps/desktop/electron/backend-command.ts

@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
  * Build the canonical headless backend argv (always `serve`).
  * @param {string} [profile] optional Hermes profile to pin via `--profile`.
  */
-function serveBackendArgs(profile) {
+export function serveBackendArgs(profile?: string) {
   const head = profile ? ['--profile', profile] : []
+
   return [...head, 'serve', '--host', '127.0.0.1', '--port', '0']
 }
 
@@ -28,9 +29,13 @@ function serveBackendArgs(profile) {
  * `-m hermes_cli.main` and any `--profile <name>`). Returns a copy; if there is
  * no `serve` token the argv is returned unchanged.
  */
-function dashboardFallbackArgs(args) {
+export function dashboardFallbackArgs(args) {
   const i = args.indexOf('serve')
-  if (i === -1) return args.slice()
+
+  if (i === -1) {
+    return args.slice()
+  }
+
   return [...args.slice(0, i), 'dashboard', '--no-open', ...args.slice(i + 1)]
 }
 
@@ -40,12 +45,6 @@ function dashboardFallbackArgs(args) {
  * specifically so the substring "server" (e.g. "start_server", "web server")
  * never produces a false positive.
  */
-function sourceDeclaresServe(dashboardPySource) {
+export function sourceDeclaresServe(dashboardPySource) {
   return /add_parser\(\s*["']serve["']/.test(String(dashboardPySource || ''))
 }
-
-module.exports = {
-  serveBackendArgs,
-  dashboardFallbackArgs,
-  sourceDeclaresServe
-}

apps/desktop/electron/backend-env.test.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  POSIX_SANE_PATH_ENTRIES,
+import {
   appendUniquePathEntries,
   buildDesktopBackendEnv,
   buildDesktopBackendPath,
   normalizeHermesHomeRoot,
-  pathEnvKey
-} = require('./backend-env.cjs')
+  pathEnvKey,
+  POSIX_SANE_PATH_ENTRIES
+} from './backend-env'
 
 test('desktop backend PATH adds Hermes-managed bins and missing POSIX sane entries', () => {
   const result = buildDesktopBackendPath({

apps/desktop/electron/backend-env.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const path = require('node:path')
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 // Match the POSIX fallback surface used by the Python terminal environment.
 // macOS apps launched from Finder/Dock often inherit only /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin,
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ function pathModuleForPlatform(platform = process.platform) {
 }
 
 function pathEnvKey(env = process.env, platform = process.platform) {
-  if (platform !== 'win32') return 'PATH'
+  if (platform !== 'win32') {
+    return 'PATH'
+  }
+
   return Object.keys(env || {}).find(key => key.toUpperCase() === 'PATH') || 'PATH'
 }
 
 function currentPathValue(env = process.env, platform = process.platform) {
   const key = pathEnvKey(env, platform)
+
   return env?.[key] || ''
 }
 
@@ -37,10 +41,15 @@ function appendUniquePathEntries(entries, { delimiter = path.delimiter } = {}) {
   const ordered = []
 
   for (const entry of entries) {
-    if (!entry) continue
+    if (!entry) {
+      continue
+    }
     const parts = Array.isArray(entry) ? entry : String(entry).split(delimiter)
+
     for (const part of parts) {
-      if (!part || seen.has(part)) continue
+      if (!part || seen.has(part)) {
+        continue
+      }
       seen.add(part)
       ordered.push(part)
     }
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@ function buildDesktopBackendPath({
   currentPath = '',
   platform = process.platform,
   pathModule = pathModuleForPlatform(platform)
-} = {}) {
+}: any = {}) {
   const delimiter = delimiterForPlatform(platform)
   const hermesNodeBin = hermesHome ? pathModule.join(hermesHome, 'node', 'bin') : null
   const venvBin = venvRoot ? pathModule.join(venvRoot, platform === 'win32' ? 'Scripts' : 'bin') : null
@@ -64,13 +73,17 @@ function buildDesktopBackendPath({
   return appendUniquePathEntries([hermesNodeBin, venvBin, currentPath, saneEntries], { delimiter })
 }
 
-function normalizeHermesHomeRoot(hermesHome, { pathModule = pathModuleForPlatform(process.platform) } = {}) {
-  if (!hermesHome) return hermesHome
+function normalizeHermesHomeRoot(hermesHome, { pathModule = pathModuleForPlatform(process.platform) }: any = {}) {
+  if (!hermesHome) {
+    return hermesHome
+  }
   const resolved = pathModule.resolve(String(hermesHome))
   const parent = pathModule.dirname(resolved)
+
   if (pathModule.basename(parent).toLowerCase() === 'profiles') {
     return pathModule.dirname(parent)
   }
+
   return resolved
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +94,7 @@ function buildDesktopBackendEnv({
   currentEnv = process.env,
   platform = process.platform,
   pathModule = pathModuleForPlatform(platform)
-} = {}) {
+}: any = {}) {
   const delimiter = delimiterForPlatform(platform)
   const currentPythonPath = currentEnv?.PYTHONPATH || ''
   const key = pathEnvKey(currentEnv, platform)
@@ -98,12 +111,12 @@ function buildDesktopBackendEnv({
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  POSIX_SANE_PATH_ENTRIES,
+export {
   appendUniquePathEntries,
   buildDesktopBackendEnv,
   buildDesktopBackendPath,
   delimiterForPlatform,
   normalizeHermesHomeRoot,
-  pathEnvKey
+  pathEnvKey,
+  POSIX_SANE_PATH_ENTRIES
 }

apps/desktop/electron/backend-probes.test.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/backend-probes.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/backend-probes.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/backend-probes.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/backend-probes.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { canImportHermesCli, hermesRuntimeImportProbe, verifyHermesCli } = require('./backend-probes.cjs')
+import { canImportHermesCli, hermesRuntimeImportProbe, verifyHermesCli } from './backend-probes'
 
 // Resolve the host's own Node binary -- guaranteed to be on disk and
 // runnable. We use it as both a stand-in for "a python that doesn't
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ test('verifyHermesCli returns true when --version exits 0', () => {
   // verifyHermesCli only cares about the exit code.
   const scriptPath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `hermes-probes-ok-${Date.now()}-${process.pid}.cjs`)
   fs.writeFileSync(scriptPath, 'process.exit(0)\n')
+
   try {
     // Use node as the launcher and our script as the "command". Pass
     // shell:false (default) -- node is a real binary, no shim.

apps/desktop/electron/backend-probes.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * backend-probes.cjs
+ * backend-probes.ts
  *
  * Cheap "does this candidate backend actually work" checks used by
- * resolveHermesBackend (main.cjs). The resolver walks a ladder of
+ * resolveHermesBackend (main.ts). The resolver walks a ladder of
  * candidates -- bootstrap marker, `hermes` on PATH, system Python with
  * hermes_cli installed -- and historically returned the first candidate
  * whose binary existed on disk. That assumption breaks when a user has
@@ -27,12 +27,12 @@
  *     via the caller's catch block if it chooses)
  *   - any throw -> false (never propagate -- resolver wants a boolean)
  *
- * Kept in a standalone cjs module so it can be unit-tested with
+ * Kept in a standalone ts module so it can be unit-tested with
  * `node --test` without dragging in the electron runtime (same pattern
- * as bootstrap-platform.cjs and hardening.cjs).
+ * as bootstrap-platform.ts and hardening.ts).
  */
 
-const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
 
 const PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS = 5000
 
@@ -62,12 +62,14 @@ function hermesRuntimeImportProbe() {
  * through PYTHONPATH but lack PyYAML, then die on the first real CLI import.
  *
  * @param {string} pythonPath - Absolute path to a python.exe / python.
- * @param {object} [opts]
  * @param {object} [opts.env] - Additional environment for the probe.
  * @returns {boolean}
  */
-function canImportHermesCli(pythonPath, opts = {}) {
-  if (!pythonPath) return false
+function canImportHermesCli(pythonPath: string, opts: { env?: Record<string, string> } = {}) {
+  if (!pythonPath) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   try {
     execFileSync(pythonPath, ['-c', hermesRuntimeImportProbe()], {
       env: { ...process.env, ...(opts.env || {}) },
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ function canImportHermesCli(pythonPath, opts = {}) {
       timeout: PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS,
       windowsHide: true
     })
+
     return true
   } catch {
     return false
@@ -95,31 +98,29 @@ function canImportHermesCli(pythonPath, opts = {}) {
  *
  * @param {string} hermesCommand - Resolved absolute path to a hermes
  *   executable (or an interpreter+script wrapper).
- * @param {object} [opts]
  * @param {boolean} [opts.shell] - Whether to run through a shell. For
  *   .cmd/.bat shims on Windows execFileSync needs shell:true to find
  *   the cmd interpreter; mirrors the same flag isCommandScript() drives
  *   in resolveHermesBackend.
  * @returns {boolean}
  */
-function verifyHermesCli(hermesCommand, opts = {}) {
-  if (!hermesCommand) return false
+function verifyHermesCli(hermesCommand: string, opts?: { shell?: boolean }) {
+  if (!hermesCommand) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   try {
     execFileSync(hermesCommand, ['--version'], {
       stdio: 'ignore',
       timeout: PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS,
-      shell: Boolean(opts.shell),
+      shell: Boolean(opts?.shell),
       windowsHide: true
     })
+
     return true
   } catch {
     return false
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  canImportHermesCli,
-  hermesRuntimeImportProbe,
-  verifyHermesCli,
-  PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS
-}
+export { canImportHermesCli, hermesRuntimeImportProbe, PROBE_TIMEOUT_MS, verifyHermesCli }

apps/desktop/electron/backend-ready.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/backend-ready.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/backend-ready.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/backend-ready.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/backend-ready.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * Covers the cold-start port-announcement deadline (issue #50209): the clock
@@ -11,29 +11,34 @@
  * HERMES_DESKTOP_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS, clamped to a 45s floor.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const { EventEmitter } = require('node:events')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
+  DEFAULT_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
   readDashboardReadyFile,
+  resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs,
   waitForDashboardPort,
   waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement,
-  waitForDashboardReadyFile,
-  resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs,
-  DEFAULT_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
-  MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS
-} = require('./backend-ready.cjs')
+  waitForDashboardReadyFile
+} from './backend-ready'
+
+type FakeChildProcess = EventEmitter & {
+  stdout: EventEmitter
+}
 
 // A minimal stand-in for a spawned child process: an EventEmitter with a
 // stdout EventEmitter, matching the surface waitForDashboardPort consumes
 // (child.stdout.on('data'), child.on('exit'|'error') + the .off() teardown).
-function makeFakeChild() {
-  const child = new EventEmitter()
+function makeFakeChild(): FakeChildProcess {
+  const child = new EventEmitter() as FakeChildProcess
   child.stdout = new EventEmitter()
+
   return child
 }
 
@@ -139,6 +144,7 @@ test('a late announcement after timeout does not throw (listeners torn down)', a
 
 function mkTmpReadyFile() {
   const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'hermes-ready-test-'))
+
   return {
     dir,
     file: path.join(dir, 'ready.json'),
@@ -148,6 +154,7 @@ function mkTmpReadyFile() {
 
 test('readDashboardReadyFile returns a valid port from JSON', () => {
   const tmp = mkTmpReadyFile()
+
   try {
     fs.writeFileSync(tmp.file, JSON.stringify({ port: 4567 }))
     assert.equal(readDashboardReadyFile(tmp.file), 4567)
@@ -158,6 +165,7 @@ test('readDashboardReadyFile returns a valid port from JSON', () => {
 
 test('readDashboardReadyFile ignores missing, malformed, or invalid files', () => {
   const tmp = mkTmpReadyFile()
+
   try {
     assert.equal(readDashboardReadyFile(tmp.file), null)
     fs.writeFileSync(tmp.file, '{')
@@ -172,6 +180,7 @@ test('readDashboardReadyFile ignores missing, malformed, or invalid files', () =
 test('waitForDashboardReadyFile resolves when the ready file appears', async () => {
   const tmp = mkTmpReadyFile()
   const child = makeFakeChild()
+
   try {
     const p = waitForDashboardReadyFile(tmp.file, child, 1000)
     setTimeout(() => fs.writeFileSync(tmp.file, JSON.stringify({ port: 8765 })), 20)
@@ -184,6 +193,7 @@ test('waitForDashboardReadyFile resolves when the ready file appears', async ()
 test('waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement uses ready file when provided', async () => {
   const tmp = mkTmpReadyFile()
   const child = makeFakeChild()
+
   try {
     const p = waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement(child, { readyFile: tmp.file, timeoutMs: 1000 })
     setTimeout(() => fs.writeFileSync(tmp.file, JSON.stringify({ port: 9876 })), 20)
@@ -196,6 +206,7 @@ test('waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement uses ready file when provided', async ()
 test('waitForDashboardReadyFile rejects when the child exits before file readiness', async () => {
   const tmp = mkTmpReadyFile()
   const child = makeFakeChild()
+
   try {
     const p = waitForDashboardReadyFile(tmp.file, child, 1000)
     child.emit('exit', 1, null)

apps/desktop/electron/backend-ready.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const fs = require('node:fs')
+import fs from 'node:fs'
 
 // `hermes serve` announces HERMES_BACKEND_READY; the legacy `hermes dashboard`
 // backend announces HERMES_DASHBOARD_READY. Accept either so the desktop spawn
@@ -26,9 +26,11 @@ const MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS = 45_000
  */
 function resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs(env = process.env) {
   const parsed = Number(env.HERMES_DESKTOP_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS)
+
   if (Number.isFinite(parsed) && parsed > 0) {
     return Math.max(MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS, Math.round(parsed))
   }
+
   return DEFAULT_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS
 }
 
@@ -55,7 +57,9 @@ function waitForDashboardPort(child, timeoutMs = resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs())
     let done = false
 
     function cleanup() {
-      if (done) return
+      if (done) {
+        return
+      }
       done = true
       clearTimeout(timer)
       child.stdout.off('data', onData)
@@ -66,13 +70,16 @@ function waitForDashboardPort(child, timeoutMs = resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs())
     function onData(chunk) {
       buf += chunk.toString()
       let nl
+
       while ((nl = buf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
         const line = buf.slice(0, nl)
         buf = buf.slice(nl + 1)
         const m = line.match(_READY_RE)
+
         if (m) {
           cleanup()
           resolve(parseInt(m[1], 10))
+
           return
         }
       }
@@ -99,11 +106,15 @@ function waitForDashboardPort(child, timeoutMs = resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs())
   })
 }
 
-function readDashboardReadyFile(readyFile) {
-  if (!readyFile) return null
+function readDashboardReadyFile(readyFile: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor) {
+  if (!readyFile) {
+    return null
+  }
+
   try {
     const parsed = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(readyFile, 'utf8'))
     const port = Number(parsed?.port)
+
     return Number.isInteger(port) && port > 0 ? port : null
   } catch {
     return null
@@ -116,16 +127,22 @@ function waitForDashboardReadyFile(readyFile, child, timeoutMs = resolvePortAnno
     let interval = null
 
     function cleanup() {
-      if (done) return
+      if (done) {
+        return
+      }
       done = true
       clearTimeout(timer)
-      if (interval) clearInterval(interval)
+
+      if (interval) {
+        clearInterval(interval)
+      }
       child.off('exit', onExit)
       child.off('error', onError)
     }
 
     function check() {
       const port = readDashboardReadyFile(readyFile)
+
       if (port) {
         cleanup()
         resolve(port)
@@ -150,25 +167,36 @@ function waitForDashboardReadyFile(readyFile, child, timeoutMs = resolvePortAnno
     child.on('exit', onExit)
     child.on('error', onError)
     interval = setInterval(check, 50)
-    if (typeof interval.unref === 'function') interval.unref()
+
+    if (typeof interval.unref === 'function') {
+      interval.unref()
+    }
     check()
   })
 }
 
-function waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement(child, options = {}) {
+function waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement(
+  child,
+  options: {
+    readyFile?: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor
+    timeoutMs?: number
+  } = {}
+) {
   const timeoutMs = options.timeoutMs ?? resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs()
+
   if (options.readyFile) {
     return waitForDashboardReadyFile(options.readyFile, child, timeoutMs)
   }
+
   return waitForDashboardPort(child, timeoutMs)
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  waitForDashboardPort,
-  waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement,
-  waitForDashboardReadyFile,
+export {
+  DEFAULT_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
   readDashboardReadyFile,
   resolvePortAnnounceTimeoutMs,
-  DEFAULT_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS,
-  MIN_PORT_ANNOUNCE_TIMEOUT_MS
+  waitForDashboardPort,
+  waitForDashboardPortAnnouncement,
+  waitForDashboardReadyFile
 }

apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-platform.test.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   bundledRuntimeImportCheck,
   detectRemoteDisplay,
   isWindowsBinaryPathInWsl,
   isWslEnvironment
-} = require('./bootstrap-platform.cjs')
+} from './bootstrap-platform'
 
 test('isWslEnvironment detects WSL2 env vars on linux', () => {
   assert.equal(isWslEnvironment({ WSL_DISTRO_NAME: 'Ubuntu' }, 'linux'), true)
@@ -85,27 +83,3 @@ test('detectRemoteDisplay honors the HERMES_DESKTOP_DISABLE_GPU override both wa
     null
   )
 })
-
-test('packaged electron entrypoints do not require unpackaged npm modules', () => {
-  const electronDir = __dirname
-  const entrypoints = ['main.cjs', 'preload.cjs', 'bootstrap-platform.cjs']
-  // - electron: provided by the electron runtime, always resolvable in packaged builds.
-  // - node-pty: hoisted by workspace dedup AND shipped via extraResources to
-  //   resources/native-deps/node-pty (see scripts/stage-native-deps.cjs). main.cjs
-  //   has a try/catch fallback at line ~38 that resolves the staged copy when the
-  //   bare require fails in the packaged asar, so the bare require itself is by
-  //   design rather than an oversight.
-  const allowedBareRequires = new Set(['electron', 'node-pty'])
-  const requirePattern = /require\(['"]([^'"]+)['"]\)/g
-
-  for (const entrypoint of entrypoints) {
-    const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(electronDir, entrypoint), 'utf8')
-    const bareRequires = Array.from(source.matchAll(requirePattern))
-      .map(match => match[1])
-      .filter(specifier => !specifier.startsWith('node:'))
-      .filter(specifier => !specifier.startsWith('.'))
-      .filter(specifier => !allowedBareRequires.has(specifier))
-
-    assert.deepEqual(bareRequires, [], `${entrypoint} has unpackaged runtime requires`)
-  }
-})

apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-platform.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,32 @@
-const fs = require('node:fs')
+import fs from 'node:fs'
 
 function isWslEnvironment(env = process.env, platform = process.platform, kernelRelease = null) {
-  if (platform !== 'linux') return false
-  if (env.WSL_DISTRO_NAME || env.WSL_INTEROP) return true
+  if (platform !== 'linux') {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  if (env.WSL_DISTRO_NAME || env.WSL_INTEROP) {
+    return true
+  }
 
   try {
     const release = kernelRelease ?? fs.readFileSync('/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease', 'utf8')
+
     return /microsoft|wsl/i.test(release)
   } catch {
     return false
   }
 }
 
-function isWindowsBinaryPathInWsl(filePath, options = {}) {
+function isWindowsBinaryPathInWsl(
+  filePath,
+  options: { isWsl?: boolean; env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv; platform?: NodeJS.Platform } = {}
+) {
   const isWsl = options.isWsl ?? isWslEnvironment(options.env, options.platform)
-  if (!isWsl) return false
+
+  if (!isWsl) {
+    return false
+  }
 
   const normalized = String(filePath || '')
     .replace(/\\/g, '/')
@@ -48,19 +60,27 @@ const GPU_OVERRIDE_OFF = new Set(['0', 'false', 'no', 'off'])
  *
  * Pure + dependency-free so it can be unit-tested and called before app ready.
  */
-function detectRemoteDisplay(options = {}) {
+function detectRemoteDisplay(options: { env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv; platform?: NodeJS.Platform } = {}) {
   const env = options.env ?? process.env
   const platform = options.platform ?? process.platform
 
   const override = String(env.HERMES_DESKTOP_DISABLE_GPU || '')
     .trim()
     .toLowerCase()
-  if (GPU_OVERRIDE_ON.has(override)) return 'override (HERMES_DESKTOP_DISABLE_GPU)'
-  if (GPU_OVERRIDE_OFF.has(override)) return null
+
+  if (GPU_OVERRIDE_ON.has(override)) {
+    return 'override (HERMES_DESKTOP_DISABLE_GPU)'
+  }
+
+  if (GPU_OVERRIDE_OFF.has(override)) {
+    return null
+  }
 
   // Launched from an SSH session → the display is X11-forwarded or otherwise
   // remote. Covers the common `ssh user@box` + GUI-forwarding case.
-  if (env.SSH_CONNECTION || env.SSH_CLIENT || env.SSH_TTY) return 'ssh-session'
+  if (env.SSH_CONNECTION || env.SSH_CLIENT || env.SSH_TTY) {
+    return 'ssh-session'
+  }
 
   if (platform === 'linux') {
     // X11 forwarding sets DISPLAY to "<host>:N" (e.g. "localhost:10.0"); a
@@ -68,6 +88,7 @@ function detectRemoteDisplay(options = {}) {
     // NB: WSLg deliberately isn't treated as remote — it reports
     // GPU-accelerated vGPU surfaces locally and doesn't show the flicker.
     const display = String(env.DISPLAY || '')
+
     if (display.includes(':') && display.split(':')[0]) {
       return `x11-forwarding (DISPLAY=${display})`
     }
@@ -77,15 +98,13 @@ function detectRemoteDisplay(options = {}) {
     // RDP sessions report SESSIONNAME like "RDP-Tcp#7"; the local console is
     // "Console".
     const sessionName = String(env.SESSIONNAME || '')
-    if (/^rdp-/i.test(sessionName)) return `rdp (SESSIONNAME=${sessionName})`
+
+    if (/^rdp-/i.test(sessionName)) {
+      return `rdp (SESSIONNAME=${sessionName})`
+    }
   }
 
   return null
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  bundledRuntimeImportCheck,
-  detectRemoteDisplay,
-  isWindowsBinaryPathInWsl,
-  isWslEnvironment
-}
+export { bundledRuntimeImportCheck, detectRemoteDisplay, isWindowsBinaryPathInWsl, isWslEnvironment }

apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.test.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  runBootstrap,
-  resolveInstallScript,
-  installedAgentInstallScript,
-  cachedScriptPath
-} = require('./bootstrap-runner.cjs')
+import { cachedScriptPath, installedAgentInstallScript, resolveInstallScript, runBootstrap } from './bootstrap-runner'
 
 const SCRIPT_NAME = process.platform === 'win32' ? 'install.ps1' : 'install.sh'
 
@@ -22,6 +17,7 @@ test('runBootstrap bails immediately when the signal is already aborted', async
   controller.abort()
 
   const events = []
+
   const result = await runBootstrap({
     installStamp: null,
     activeRoot: '/tmp/hermes-runner-test',
@@ -42,6 +38,7 @@ test('runBootstrap bails immediately when the signal is already aborted', async
 
 test('installedAgentInstallScript resolves the installer in the agent checkout', () => {
   const home = mkTmpHome()
+
   try {
     assert.equal(installedAgentInstallScript(home), null, 'absent before the checkout exists')
 
@@ -59,6 +56,7 @@ test('installedAgentInstallScript resolves the installer in the agent checkout',
 
 test('resolveInstallScript prefers a cached script without touching the network', async () => {
   const home = mkTmpHome()
+
   try {
     const commit = 'a'.repeat(40)
     const cached = cachedScriptPath(home, commit)
@@ -66,6 +64,7 @@ test('resolveInstallScript prefers a cached script without touching the network'
     fs.writeFileSync(cached, '#!/bin/sh\necho cached\n')
 
     const logs = []
+
     const result = await resolveInstallScript({
       installStamp: { commit },
       sourceRepoRoot: null,
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ test('resolveInstallScript prefers a cached script without touching the network'
 
 test('resolveInstallScript falls back to the installed agent checkout on a 404', async () => {
   const home = mkTmpHome()
+
   try {
     const commit = 'a'.repeat(40)
     // Seed the installed agent checkout so the fallback has something to resolve.
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ test('resolveInstallScript falls back to the installed agent checkout on a 404',
     fs.writeFileSync(installed, '#!/bin/sh\necho fallback\n')
 
     const logs = []
+
     const result = await resolveInstallScript({
       installStamp: { commit },
       sourceRepoRoot: null,
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@ test('resolveInstallScript falls back to the installed agent checkout on a 404',
 
 test('resolveInstallScript rethrows when the 404 fallback is unavailable', async () => {
   const home = mkTmpHome()
+
   try {
     const commit = 'a'.repeat(40)
     // No installed agent checkout seeded -> nothing to fall back to.

apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
-'use strict'
-
 /**
- * bootstrap-runner.cjs
+ * bootstrap-runner.ts
  *
  * Drives apps/desktop's first-launch install of Hermes Agent by spawning
  * scripts/install.ps1 stage-by-stage and streaming progress events back to
  * the renderer.
  *
- * Wired from electron/main.cjs:
- *   const { runBootstrap } = require('./bootstrap-runner.cjs')
+ * Wired from electron/main.ts:
+ *   import { runBootstrap }from './bootstrap-runner.ts'
  *   const result = await runBootstrap({
- *     installStamp,        // INSTALL_STAMP from main.cjs (may be null in dev)
+ *     installStamp,        // INSTALL_STAMP from main.ts (may be null in dev)
  *     activeRoot,          // ACTIVE_HERMES_ROOT
  *     sourceRepoRoot,      // SOURCE_REPO_ROOT (for dev install.ps1 lookup)
  *     hermesHome,          // HERMES_HOME
@@ -34,11 +32,11 @@
  *     no UI consumes them yet)
  */
 
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const fsp = require('node:fs/promises')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const https = require('node:https')
-const { spawn } = require('node:child_process')
+import { spawn } from 'node:child_process'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import fsp from 'node:fs/promises'
+import https from 'node:https'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 const IS_WINDOWS = process.platform === 'win32'
 
@@ -46,6 +44,7 @@ function hiddenWindowsChildOptions(options = {}) {
   if (!IS_WINDOWS || Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options, 'windowsHide')) {
     return options
   }
+
   return { ...options, windowsHide: true }
 }
 
@@ -71,10 +70,14 @@ function installScriptKind() {
 }
 
 function resolveLocalInstallScript(sourceRepoRoot) {
-  if (!sourceRepoRoot) return null
+  if (!sourceRepoRoot) {
+    return null
+  }
   const candidate = path.join(sourceRepoRoot, 'scripts', installScriptName())
+
   try {
     fs.accessSync(candidate, fs.constants.R_OK)
+
     return candidate
   } catch {
     return null
@@ -90,10 +93,14 @@ function bootstrapCacheDir(hermesHome) {
 // the pinned commit can't be fetched from GitHub (e.g. a locally-built desktop
 // app stamped to an unpushed HEAD).
 function installedAgentInstallScript(hermesHome) {
-  if (!hermesHome) return null
+  if (!hermesHome) {
+    return null
+  }
   const candidate = path.join(hermesHome, 'hermes-agent', 'scripts', installScriptName())
+
   try {
     fs.accessSync(candidate, fs.constants.R_OK)
+
     return candidate
   } catch {
     return null
@@ -110,6 +117,7 @@ function downloadInstallScript(commit, destPath) {
   // verification beyond "did the file we wrote pass a syntax probe."
   const scriptName = installScriptName()
   const url = `https://raw.githubusercontent.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent/${commit}/scripts/${scriptName}`
+
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
     fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(destPath), { recursive: true })
     const tmpPath = destPath + '.tmp'
@@ -129,8 +137,10 @@ function downloadInstallScript(commit, destPath) {
                     `Failed to download ${scriptName}: HTTP ${res2.statusCode} from redirect ${res.headers.location}`
                   )
                 )
+
                 return
               }
+
               const out2 = fs.createWriteStream(tmpPath)
               res2.pipe(out2)
               out2.on('finish', () => {
@@ -141,18 +151,24 @@ function downloadInstallScript(commit, destPath) {
               out2.on('error', reject)
             })
             .on('error', reject)
+
           return
         }
+
         if (res.statusCode !== 200) {
           out.close()
+
           try {
             fs.unlinkSync(tmpPath)
           } catch {
             void 0
           }
+
           reject(new Error(`Failed to download ${scriptName}: HTTP ${res.statusCode} from ${url}`))
+
           return
         }
+
         res.pipe(out)
         out.on('finish', () => {
           out.close()
@@ -165,6 +181,7 @@ function downloadInstallScript(commit, destPath) {
           } catch {
             void 0
           }
+
           reject(err)
         })
       })
@@ -174,6 +191,7 @@ function downloadInstallScript(commit, destPath) {
         } catch {
           void 0
         }
+
         reject(err)
       })
   })
@@ -187,11 +205,13 @@ async function resolveInstallScript({
   _download = downloadInstallScript
 }) {
   // 1. Dev shortcut: prefer a local checkout's installer so we can iterate
-  //    without pushing. SOURCE_REPO_ROOT comes from main.cjs (path.resolve
+  //    without pushing. SOURCE_REPO_ROOT comes from main.ts (path.resolve
   //    of APP_ROOT/../..).
   const localScript = resolveLocalInstallScript(sourceRepoRoot)
+
   if (localScript) {
     emit({ type: 'log', line: `[bootstrap] using local ${installScriptName()} at ${localScript}` })
+
     return { path: localScript, source: 'local', kind: installScriptKind() }
   }
 
@@ -204,12 +224,14 @@ async function resolveInstallScript({
   }
 
   const cached = cachedScriptPath(hermesHome, installStamp.commit)
+
   try {
     await fsp.access(cached, fs.constants.R_OK)
     emit({
       type: 'log',
       line: `[bootstrap] using cached ${installScriptName()} for ${installStamp.commit.slice(0, 12)}`
     })
+
     return { path: cached, source: 'cache', commit: installStamp.commit, kind: installScriptKind() }
   } catch {
     // not cached; download
@@ -219,17 +241,20 @@ async function resolveInstallScript({
     type: 'log',
     line: `[bootstrap] fetching ${installScriptName()} for ${installStamp.commit.slice(0, 12)} from GitHub`
   })
+
   try {
     await _download(installStamp.commit, cached)
     emit({ type: 'log', line: `[bootstrap] saved to ${cached}` })
+
     return { path: cached, source: 'download', commit: installStamp.commit, kind: installScriptKind() }
   } catch (err) {
     // The pinned commit may not be fetchable from GitHub -- most commonly a
     // locally-built desktop app stamped to an unpushed HEAD (see
-    // write-build-stamp.cjs fromLocalGit). Fall back to the installer that
+    // write-build-stamp.mjs fromLocalGit). Fall back to the installer that
     // ships inside the already-installed agent checkout so dev/self-builds can
     // still bootstrap instead of dying with a fatal 404.
     const installed = installedAgentInstallScript(hermesHome)
+
     if (installed) {
       emit({
         type: 'log',
@@ -237,15 +262,18 @@ async function resolveInstallScript({
           `[bootstrap] GitHub fetch failed (${err.message}); ` +
           `falling back to installed agent ${installScriptName()} at ${installed}`
       })
+
       try {
         fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(cached), { recursive: true })
         fs.copyFileSync(installed, cached)
+
         return { path: cached, source: 'installed-agent', commit: installStamp.commit, kind: installScriptKind() }
       } catch {
         // Cache copy failed (read-only FS, etc.) -- use the source path directly.
         return { path: installed, source: 'installed-agent', commit: installStamp.commit, kind: installScriptKind() }
       }
     }
+
     throw err
   }
 }
@@ -271,31 +299,41 @@ function powershellUnderRoot(root) {
 function resolveWindowsPowerShell() {
   for (const v of ['SystemRoot', 'windir']) {
     const root = process.env[v]
+
     if (root) {
       const candidate = powershellUnderRoot(root)
+
       try {
-        if (fs.statSync(candidate).isFile()) return candidate
+        if (fs.statSync(candidate).isFile()) {
+          return candidate
+        }
       } catch {
         void 0
       }
     }
   }
+
   const pathDirs = (process.env.PATH || process.env.Path || '').split(path.delimiter).filter(Boolean)
+
   for (const exe of ['powershell.exe', 'pwsh.exe']) {
     for (const dir of pathDirs) {
       const candidate = path.join(dir, exe)
+
       try {
-        if (fs.statSync(candidate).isFile()) return candidate
+        if (fs.statSync(candidate).isFile()) {
+          return candidate
+        }
       } catch {
         void 0
       }
     }
   }
+
   return 'powershell.exe'
 }
 
-function spawnPowerShell(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome } = {}) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+function spawnPowerShell(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome }: any = {}) {
+  return new Promise<any>((resolve, reject) => {
     const ps = process.platform === 'win32' ? resolveWindowsPowerShell() : 'pwsh'
     const fullArgs = ['-NoProfile', '-ExecutionPolicy', 'Bypass', '-File', scriptPath, ...args]
 
@@ -319,12 +357,14 @@ function spawnPowerShell(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, herme
 
     const onAbort = () => {
       killed = true
+
       try {
         child.kill('SIGTERM')
       } catch {
         void 0
       }
     }
+
     if (abortSignal) {
       if (abortSignal.aborted) {
         onAbort()
@@ -342,10 +382,14 @@ function spawnPowerShell(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, herme
       stdout += chunk
       stdoutBuf += chunk
       let nl
+
       while ((nl = stdoutBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
         const line = stdoutBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '')
         stdoutBuf = stdoutBuf.slice(nl + 1)
-        if (line) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stdout' })
+
+        if (line) {
+          emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stdout' })
+        }
       }
     })
 
@@ -354,30 +398,44 @@ function spawnPowerShell(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, herme
       stderr += chunk
       stderrBuf += chunk
       let nl
+
       while ((nl = stderrBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
         const line = stderrBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '')
         stderrBuf = stderrBuf.slice(nl + 1)
-        if (line) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stderr' })
+
+        if (line) {
+          emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stderr' })
+        }
       }
     })
 
     child.on('error', err => {
-      if (abortSignal) abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      if (abortSignal) {
+        abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      }
       reject(err)
     })
 
     child.on('close', (code, signal) => {
-      if (abortSignal) abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      if (abortSignal) {
+        abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      }
+
       // Flush any trailing bytes
-      if (stdoutBuf) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stdoutBuf, stream: 'stdout' })
-      if (stderrBuf) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stderrBuf, stream: 'stderr' })
-      resolve({ stdout, stderr, code, signal, killed })
+      if (stdoutBuf) {
+        emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stdoutBuf, stream: 'stdout' } as any)
+      }
+
+      if (stderrBuf) {
+        emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stderrBuf, stream: 'stderr' } as any)
+      }
+      resolve({ stdout, stderr, code, signal, killed } as any)
     })
   })
 }
 
-function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome } = {}) {
-  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome }: any = {}) {
+  return new Promise<any>((resolve, reject) => {
     const child = spawn('bash', [scriptPath, ...args], {
       stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'],
       env: {
@@ -392,12 +450,14 @@ function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome
 
     const onAbort = () => {
       killed = true
+
       try {
         child.kill('SIGTERM')
       } catch {
         void 0
       }
     }
+
     if (abortSignal) {
       if (abortSignal.aborted) {
         onAbort()
@@ -414,10 +474,14 @@ function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome
       stdout += chunk
       stdoutBuf += chunk
       let nl
+
       while ((nl = stdoutBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
         const line = stdoutBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '')
         stdoutBuf = stdoutBuf.slice(nl + 1)
-        if (line) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stdout' })
+
+        if (line) {
+          emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stdout' })
+        }
       }
     })
 
@@ -426,22 +490,36 @@ function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome
       stderr += chunk
       stderrBuf += chunk
       let nl
+
       while ((nl = stderrBuf.indexOf('\n')) !== -1) {
         const line = stderrBuf.slice(0, nl).replace(/\r$/, '')
         stderrBuf = stderrBuf.slice(nl + 1)
-        if (line) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stderr' })
+
+        if (line) {
+          emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line, stream: 'stderr' })
+        }
       }
     })
 
     child.on('error', err => {
-      if (abortSignal) abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      if (abortSignal) {
+        abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      }
       reject(err)
     })
 
     child.on('close', (code, signal) => {
-      if (abortSignal) abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
-      if (stdoutBuf) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stdoutBuf, stream: 'stdout' })
-      if (stderrBuf) emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stderrBuf, stream: 'stderr' })
+      if (abortSignal) {
+        abortSignal.removeEventListener('abort', onAbort)
+      }
+
+      if (stdoutBuf) {
+        emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stdoutBuf, stream: 'stdout' })
+      }
+
+      if (stderrBuf) {
+        emit && emit({ type: 'log', stage: stageName, line: stderrBuf, stream: 'stderr' })
+      }
       resolve({ stdout, stderr, code, signal, killed })
     })
   })
@@ -456,48 +534,60 @@ function spawnBash(scriptPath, args, { emit, stageName, abortSignal, hermesHome
 // instead of falling back to install.ps1's default ($Branch = "main").
 function buildPinArgs(installStamp) {
   const args = []
+
   if (installStamp && installStamp.commit) {
     args.push('-Commit', installStamp.commit)
   }
+
   if (installStamp && installStamp.branch) {
     args.push('-Branch', installStamp.branch)
   }
+
   return args
 }
 
 function buildPosixPinArgs({ installStamp, activeRoot, hermesHome }) {
   const args = ['--dir', activeRoot, '--hermes-home', hermesHome]
+
   if (installStamp && installStamp.branch) {
     args.push('--branch', installStamp.branch)
   }
+
   if (installStamp && installStamp.commit) {
     args.push('--commit', installStamp.commit)
   }
+
   return args
 }
 
 async function fetchManifest({ scriptPath, installerKind, emit, hermesHome, activeRoot, installStamp }) {
   const isPosix = installerKind === 'posix'
+
   const args = isPosix
     ? ['--manifest', ...buildPosixPinArgs({ installStamp, activeRoot, hermesHome })]
     : ['-Manifest', ...buildPinArgs(installStamp)]
+
   const result = await (isPosix ? spawnBash : spawnPowerShell)(scriptPath, args, {
     emit,
     stageName: '__manifest__',
     hermesHome
   })
+
   if (result.code !== 0) {
     throw new Error(
       `${isPosix ? 'install.sh --manifest' : 'install.ps1 -Manifest'} failed: exit ${result.code}\n${result.stderr || result.stdout}`
     )
   }
+
   // The manifest is the LAST JSON line on stdout (install.ps1 may print
   // banner / info lines first depending on Console.OutputEncoding effects).
   // Find the last line that parses as JSON with a `stages` field.
   const lines = result.stdout.split(/\r?\n/).filter(Boolean)
+
   for (let i = lines.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     try {
       const parsed = JSON.parse(lines[i])
+
       if (parsed && Array.isArray(parsed.stages)) {
         return parsed
       }
@@ -505,6 +595,7 @@ async function fetchManifest({ scriptPath, installerKind, emit, hermesHome, acti
       void 0
     }
   }
+
   throw new Error(
     `${isPosix ? 'install.sh --manifest' : 'install.ps1 -Manifest'} produced no parseable JSON payload\n${result.stdout}`
   )
@@ -515,9 +606,11 @@ async function fetchManifest({ scriptPath, installerKind, emit, hermesHome, acti
 // for the double-emit bug we addressed in the install.ps1 PR).
 function parseStageResult(stdout) {
   const lines = stdout.split(/\r?\n/).filter(Boolean)
+
   for (let i = lines.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     try {
       const parsed = JSON.parse(lines[i])
+
       if (parsed && typeof parsed.ok === 'boolean' && typeof parsed.stage === 'string') {
         return parsed
       }
@@ -525,6 +618,7 @@ function parseStageResult(stdout) {
       void 0
     }
   }
+
   return null
 }
 
@@ -533,6 +627,7 @@ async function runStage({ scriptPath, installerKind, stage, emit, hermesHome, ac
   emit({ type: 'stage', name: stage.name, state: 'running' })
 
   const isPosix = installerKind === 'posix'
+
   const args = isPosix
     ? [
         '--stage',
@@ -542,6 +637,7 @@ async function runStage({ scriptPath, installerKind, stage, emit, hermesHome, ac
         ...buildPosixPinArgs({ installStamp, activeRoot, hermesHome })
       ]
     : ['-Stage', stage.name, '-NonInteractive', '-Json', ...buildPinArgs(installStamp)]
+
   const result = await (isPosix ? spawnBash : spawnPowerShell)(scriptPath, args, {
     emit,
     stageName: stage.name,
@@ -554,6 +650,7 @@ async function runStage({ scriptPath, installerKind, stage, emit, hermesHome, ac
   if (result.killed) {
     const ev = { type: 'stage', name: stage.name, state: 'failed', durationMs, error: 'cancelled by user' }
     emit(ev)
+
     return ev
   }
 
@@ -568,20 +665,26 @@ async function runStage({ scriptPath, installerKind, stage, emit, hermesHome, ac
       error: `${isPosix ? 'install.sh --stage' : 'install.ps1 -Stage'} ${stage.name} produced no JSON result frame (exit=${result.code})`,
       json: null
     }
+
     emit(ev)
+
     return ev
   }
 
   if (json.ok && json.skipped) {
     const ev = { type: 'stage', name: stage.name, state: 'skipped', durationMs, json }
     emit(ev)
+
     return ev
   }
+
   if (json.ok) {
     const ev = { type: 'stage', name: stage.name, state: 'succeeded', durationMs, json }
     emit(ev)
+
     return ev
   }
+
   const ev = {
     type: 'stage',
     name: stage.name,
@@ -590,7 +693,9 @@ async function runStage({ scriptPath, installerKind, stage, emit, hermesHome, ac
     json,
     error: json.reason || `exit code ${result.code}`
   }
+
   emit(ev)
+
   return ev
 }
 
@@ -603,6 +708,7 @@ function openRunLog(logRoot) {
   const ts = new Date().toISOString().replace(/[:.]/g, '-')
   const logPath = path.join(logRoot, `bootstrap-${ts}.log`)
   const stream = fs.createWriteStream(logPath, { flags: 'a' })
+
   return { path: logPath, stream }
 }
 
@@ -619,7 +725,7 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
     logRoot,
     onEvent,
     abortSignal,
-    writeMarker // callback to write the bootstrap-complete marker; main.cjs provides
+    writeMarker // callback to write the bootstrap-complete marker; main.ts provides
   } = opts
 
   // Bail before spawning anything if the user already cancelled — otherwise an
@@ -633,6 +739,7 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
         void 0
       }
     }
+
     return { ok: false, cancelled: true }
   }
 
@@ -646,8 +753,11 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
     } catch {
       void 0
     }
+
     try {
-      if (typeof onEvent === 'function') onEvent(ev)
+      if (typeof onEvent === 'function') {
+        onEvent(ev)
+      }
     } catch (err) {
       // Don't let a subscriber bug crash the bootstrap
       runLog.stream.write(`emit error: ${err && err.message}\n`)
@@ -677,6 +787,7 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
       activeRoot,
       installStamp
     })
+
     emit({
       type: 'manifest',
       stages: manifest.stages,
@@ -690,8 +801,10 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
     for (const stage of manifest.stages) {
       if (abortSignal && abortSignal.aborted) {
         emit({ type: 'failed', error: 'bootstrap cancelled by user' })
+
         return { ok: false, cancelled: true }
       }
+
       const ev = await runStage({
         scriptPath: scriptInfo.path,
         installerKind,
@@ -702,9 +815,11 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
         abortSignal,
         installStamp
       })
+
       if (ev.state === 'failed') {
-        emit({ type: 'failed', stage: stage.name, error: ev.error || 'stage failed' })
-        return { ok: false, failedStage: stage.name, error: ev.error }
+        emit({ type: 'failed', stage: stage.name, error: (ev as any).error || 'stage failed' })
+
+        return { ok: false, failedStage: stage.name, error: (ev as any).error }
       }
     }
 
@@ -713,11 +828,14 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
       pinnedCommit: installStamp ? installStamp.commit : null,
       pinnedBranch: installStamp ? installStamp.branch : null
     }
+
     const marker = typeof writeMarker === 'function' ? writeMarker(markerPayload) : markerPayload
     emit({ type: 'complete', marker })
+
     return { ok: true, marker }
   } catch (err) {
     emit({ type: 'failed', error: err.message || String(err) })
+
     return { ok: false, error: err.message || String(err) }
   } finally {
     try {
@@ -728,12 +846,12 @@ async function runBootstrap(opts) {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  runBootstrap,
+export {
+  cachedScriptPath,
+  installedAgentInstallScript,
   // Exposed for testability
   parseStageResult,
-  resolveLocalInstallScript,
   resolveInstallScript,
-  installedAgentInstallScript,
-  cachedScriptPath
+  resolveLocalInstallScript,
+  runBootstrap
 }

apps/desktop/electron/connection-config.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/connection-config.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/connection-config.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/connection-config.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/connection-config.test.ts
  * (Wire into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * These are the pure helpers behind the remote-gateway connection settings:
@@ -10,26 +10,26 @@
  * and the OAuth session-cookie detector.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   AT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
-  RT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
   authModeFromStatus,
   buildGatewayWsUrl,
   buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket,
   connectionScopeKey,
-  cookiesHaveSession,
   cookiesHaveLiveSession,
-  normAuthMode,
+  cookiesHaveSession,
   normalizeRemoteBaseUrl,
+  normAuthMode,
   pathWithGlobalRemoteProfile,
   profileRemoteOverride,
   resolveAuthMode,
   resolveTestWsUrl,
+  RT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
   tokenPreview
-} = require('./connection-config.cjs')
+} from './connection-config'
 
 // --- connectionScopeKey / normAuthMode ---
 
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ test('profileRemoteOverride returns the per-profile remote with defaulted auth m
       coder: { mode: 'remote', url: '  https://coder.example.com/hermes  ', token: { value: 'sek' } }
     }
   }
+
   assert.deepEqual(profileRemoteOverride(config, 'coder'), {
     url: 'https://coder.example.com/hermes',
     authMode: 'token',
@@ -365,6 +366,7 @@ test('resolveTestWsUrl (oauth, mint ok) builds a ?ticket= URL', async () => {
   const url = await resolveTestWsUrl('https://gw.example.com', 'oauth', null, {
     mintTicket: async () => 'tkt-9'
   })
+
   assert.equal(url, 'wss://gw.example.com/api/ws?ticket=tkt-9')
 })
 
@@ -376,13 +378,14 @@ test('resolveTestWsUrl (oauth, mint FAILS) throws — must NOT skip WS validatio
           throw new Error('401 ticket mint failed')
         }
       }),
-    err => {
+    (err: any) => {
       // Actionable, points the user at re-auth, and preserves the cause + flag
       // the boot overlay uses to offer a sign-in prompt.
       assert.match(err.message, /WebSocket ticket/i)
       assert.match(err.message, /sign in again/i)
       assert.equal(err.needsOauthLogin, true)
       assert.ok(err.cause instanceof Error)
+
       return true
     }
   )

apps/desktop/electron/connection-config.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 /**
- * connection-config.cjs
+ * connection-config.ts
  *
  * Pure, electron-free helpers for the desktop's remote-gateway connection
  * config: URL normalization, WS-URL construction (token vs OAuth ticket),
  * auth-mode classification, and the auth-mode coercion rules.
  *
- * Kept standalone (no `require('electron')`) so it can be unit-tested with
- * `node --test` — same pattern as backend-probes.cjs / bootstrap-platform.cjs.
- * main.cjs requires these and wires them into the electron-coupled IPC layer.
+ * Kept standalone (no `import 'electron'`) so it can be unit-tested with
+ * `node --test` — same pattern as backend-probes.ts / bootstrap-platform.ts.
+ * main.ts requires these and wires them into the electron-coupled IPC layer.
  *
  * Background on the two auth models a remote gateway can use:
  *   - 'token': legacy static dashboard session token. REST uses an
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ function normalizeRemoteBaseUrl(rawUrl) {
   }
 
   let parsed
+
   try {
     parsed = new URL(value)
   } catch (error) {
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ function buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket(baseUrl, ticket) {
  * exercise the same transport the app actually uses.
  *
  * The OAuth ticket-minter is injected (`mintTicket(baseUrl) -> Promise<ticket>`)
- * so this stays electron-free and unit-testable; main.cjs passes the real
+ * so this stays electron-free and unit-testable; main.ts passes the real
  * `mintGatewayWsTicket`.
  *
  * Return semantics:
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ function buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket(baseUrl, ticket) {
  *   - oauth, mint fails    → THROWS  (NOT a skip)
  *
  * The oauth-mint-failure throw is the important case: the real boot path
- * (resolveRemoteBackend in main.cjs) treats a mint failure as a hard
+ * (resolveRemoteBackend in main.ts) treats a mint failure as a hard
  * "session expired" auth error and refuses to connect. Swallowing it here
  * would re-introduce the exact false-positive this test exists to catch —
  * HTTP /api/status passes, the test reports "reachable", then the renderer
@@ -105,13 +106,16 @@ function buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket(baseUrl, ticket) {
  * @param {{ mintTicket: (baseUrl: string) => Promise<string> }} deps
  * @returns {Promise<string|null>}
  */
-async function resolveTestWsUrl(baseUrl, authMode, token, deps = {}) {
+async function resolveTestWsUrl(baseUrl, authMode, token, deps: any = {}) {
   if (authMode === 'oauth') {
     const mintTicket = deps.mintTicket
+
     if (typeof mintTicket !== 'function') {
       throw new Error('resolveTestWsUrl: a mintTicket function is required in OAuth mode.')
     }
+
     let ticket
+
     try {
       ticket = await mintTicket(baseUrl)
     } catch (error) {
@@ -119,15 +123,19 @@ async function resolveTestWsUrl(baseUrl, authMode, token, deps = {}) {
         'Reached the gateway over HTTP, but could not mint a WebSocket ticket for the OAuth session ' +
           '(it may have expired). Open Settings → Gateway and sign in again.'
       )
-      err.needsOauthLogin = true
+
+      ;(err as any).needsOauthLogin = true
       err.cause = error
       throw err
     }
+
     return buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket(baseUrl, ticket)
   }
+
   if (!token) {
     return null
   }
+
   return buildGatewayWsUrl(baseUrl, token)
 }
 
@@ -148,17 +156,19 @@ function normAuthMode(mode) {
  *
  * The config may carry a `profiles` map keyed by name; an entry counts as an
  * override only with `mode === 'remote'` and a non-empty `url`. Pure: `token`
- * is the raw stored secret; main.cjs decrypts it. Returns
+ * is the raw stored secret; main.ts decrypts it. Returns
  * `{ url, authMode, token } | null`.
  */
 function profileRemoteOverride(config, profile) {
   const key = connectionScopeKey(profile)
   const entry = key ? config?.profiles?.[key] : null
+
   if (!entry || typeof entry !== 'object' || entry.mode !== 'remote') {
     return null
   }
 
   const url = String(entry.url || '').trim()
+
   if (!url) {
     return null
   }
@@ -172,18 +182,21 @@ function profileRemoteOverride(config, profile) {
  * query parameter. Local pooled backends and per-profile remote overrides do not
  * need this: they already run against a backend scoped to the target profile.
  */
-function pathWithGlobalRemoteProfile(path, profile, opts = {}) {
+function pathWithGlobalRemoteProfile(path, profile, opts: any = {}) {
   const scopedProfile = connectionScopeKey(profile)
+
   if (!scopedProfile || !opts.globalRemote || opts.profileRemoteOverride) {
     return path
   }
 
   const rawPath = String(path || '')
+
   if (!rawPath) {
     return path
   }
 
   let parsed
+
   try {
     parsed = new URL(rawPath, 'http://hermes.local')
   } catch {
@@ -224,9 +237,18 @@ function authModeFromStatus(statusBody) {
  * Returns 'oauth' | 'token'.
  */
 function resolveAuthMode(inputAuthMode, existingAuthMode) {
-  if (inputAuthMode === 'oauth') return 'oauth'
-  if (inputAuthMode === 'token') return 'token'
-  if (existingAuthMode === 'oauth') return 'oauth'
+  if (inputAuthMode === 'oauth') {
+    return 'oauth'
+  }
+
+  if (inputAuthMode === 'token') {
+    return 'token'
+  }
+
+  if (existingAuthMode === 'oauth') {
+    return 'oauth'
+  }
+
   return 'token'
 }
 
@@ -242,7 +264,10 @@ function resolveAuthMode(inputAuthMode, existingAuthMode) {
  * need to know whether an unexpired access token is present right now.
  */
 function cookiesHaveSession(cookies) {
-  if (!Array.isArray(cookies)) return false
+  if (!Array.isArray(cookies)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   return cookies.some(c => c && AT_COOKIE_VARIANTS.includes(c.name) && c.value)
 }
 
@@ -260,24 +285,27 @@ function cookiesHaveSession(cookies) {
  * the RT is also dead/revoked).
  */
 function cookiesHaveLiveSession(cookies) {
-  if (!Array.isArray(cookies)) return false
+  if (!Array.isArray(cookies)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   return cookies.some(c => c && c.value && (AT_COOKIE_VARIANTS.includes(c.name) || RT_COOKIE_VARIANTS.includes(c.name)))
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export {
   AT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
-  RT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
   authModeFromStatus,
   buildGatewayWsUrl,
   buildGatewayWsUrlWithTicket,
   connectionScopeKey,
-  cookiesHaveSession,
   cookiesHaveLiveSession,
-  normAuthMode,
+  cookiesHaveSession,
   normalizeRemoteBaseUrl,
+  normAuthMode,
   pathWithGlobalRemoteProfile,
   profileRemoteOverride,
   resolveAuthMode,
   resolveTestWsUrl,
+  RT_COOKIE_VARIANTS,
   tokenPreview
 }

apps/desktop/electron/dashboard-token.test.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/dashboard-token.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/dashboard-token.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/dashboard-token.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/dashboard-token.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   adoptServedDashboardToken,
   dashboardIndexUrl,
   extractInjectedDashboardToken,
   fetchPublicText,
   isForeignBackendToken,
   resolveServedDashboardToken
-} = require('./dashboard-token.cjs')
+} from './dashboard-token'
 
 test('extractInjectedDashboardToken reads the JSON-encoded dashboard token', () => {
   const html = '<script>window.__HERMES_SESSION_TOKEN__="served-token";window.__HERMES_BASE_PATH__=""</script>'
@@ -39,9 +39,11 @@ test('dashboardIndexUrl preserves dashboard path prefixes', () => {
 
 test('resolveServedDashboardToken uses the served token and logs when it differs', async () => {
   const logs = []
+
   const token = await resolveServedDashboardToken('http://127.0.0.1:9120', 'spawn-token', {
     fetchText: async url => {
       assert.equal(url, 'http://127.0.0.1:9120/')
+
       return '<script>window.__HERMES_SESSION_TOKEN__="served-token";</script>'
     },
     rememberLog: line => logs.push(line)
@@ -100,8 +102,9 @@ test('isForeignBackendToken only flags a mismatched token from a dead child', ()
     [{ servedToken: null, spawnToken: 'mine', childAlive: false }, false],
     [{ servedToken: '', spawnToken: 'mine', childAlive: false }, false]
   ]
+
   for (const [input, expected] of cases) {
-    assert.equal(isForeignBackendToken(input), expected, JSON.stringify(input))
+    assert.equal(isForeignBackendToken(input as any), expected, JSON.stringify(input))
   }
 })
 
@@ -128,6 +131,7 @@ test('adoptServedDashboardToken refuses a foreign token when our child is dead',
 
 test('adoptServedDashboardToken falls back to the spawn token when the fetch fails', async () => {
   const logs = []
+
   const token = await adoptServedDashboardToken('http://127.0.0.1:9120', 'spawn-token', {
     childAlive: () => true,
     fetchText: async () => {

apps/desktop/electron/dashboard-token.ts

@@ -9,29 +9,39 @@
 
 const DEFAULT_TOKEN_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 3_000
 
-async function fetchPublicText(url, options = {}) {
+async function fetchPublicText(url, options: any = {}) {
   const { protocol } = new URL(url)
+
   if (protocol !== 'http:' && protocol !== 'https:') {
     throw new Error(`Unsupported Hermes backend URL protocol: ${protocol}`)
   }
 
   const timeoutMs = options.timeoutMs ?? DEFAULT_TOKEN_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS
+
   const res = await fetch(url, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(timeoutMs) }).catch(error => {
     if (error.name === 'TimeoutError') {
       throw new Error(`Timed out connecting to Hermes backend after ${timeoutMs}ms`)
     }
+
     throw error
   })
+
   const text = await res.text()
 
-  if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`${res.status}: ${text || res.statusText}`)
+  if (!res.ok) {
+    throw new Error(`${res.status}: ${text || res.statusText}`)
+  }
 
   return text
 }
 
 function extractInjectedDashboardToken(html) {
   const match = /window\.__HERMES_SESSION_TOKEN__\s*=\s*("(?:\\.|[^"\\])*")/.exec(String(html || ''))
-  if (!match) return null
+
+  if (!match) {
+    return null
+  }
+
   try {
     return JSON.parse(match[1])
   } catch {
@@ -43,11 +53,13 @@ function dashboardIndexUrl(baseUrl) {
   return `${String(baseUrl || '').replace(/\/+$/, '')}/`
 }
 
-async function resolveServedDashboardToken(baseUrl, fallbackToken, options = {}) {
+async function resolveServedDashboardToken(baseUrl, fallbackToken, options: any = {}) {
   const fetchText = options.fetchText || fetchPublicText
+
   const html = await fetchText(dashboardIndexUrl(baseUrl), {
     timeoutMs: options.timeoutMs ?? DEFAULT_TOKEN_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS
   })
+
   const servedToken = extractInjectedDashboardToken(html)
 
   if (servedToken && servedToken !== fallbackToken && typeof options.rememberLog === 'function') {
@@ -76,6 +88,7 @@ function isForeignBackendToken({ servedToken, spawnToken, childAlive }) {
 async function adoptServedDashboardToken(baseUrl, spawnToken, { childAlive, label = 'Hermes backend', ...options }) {
   const servedToken = await resolveServedDashboardToken(baseUrl, spawnToken, options).catch(error => {
     options.rememberLog?.(`[boot] could not read served dashboard token (${label}): ${error.message}`)
+
     return spawnToken
   })
 
@@ -88,10 +101,10 @@ async function adoptServedDashboardToken(baseUrl, spawnToken, { childAlive, labe
   return servedToken
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  DEFAULT_TOKEN_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+export {
   adoptServedDashboardToken,
   dashboardIndexUrl,
+  DEFAULT_TOKEN_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
   extractInjectedDashboardToken,
   fetchPublicText,
   isForeignBackendToken,

apps/desktop/electron/desktop-uninstall.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/desktop-uninstall.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/desktop-uninstall.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/desktop-uninstall.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/desktop-uninstall.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * These are the pure helpers behind the desktop Chat GUI uninstaller: the
@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@
  * cleanup-script builders (POSIX + Windows).
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  UNINSTALL_MODES,
+import {
   buildPosixCleanupScript,
   buildWindowsCleanupScript,
   modeRemovesAgent,
   modeRemovesUserData,
   resolveRemovableAppPath,
   shouldRemoveAppBundle,
+  UNINSTALL_MODES,
   uninstallArgsForMode
-} = require('./desktop-uninstall.cjs')
+} from './desktop-uninstall'
 
 // --- uninstallArgsForMode ---
 
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ test('buildPosixCleanupScript waits for the PID, runs the uninstall module, remo
     appPath: '/opt/hermes/linux-unpacked',
     hermesHome: '/home/x/.hermes'
   })
+
   assert.match(script, /^#!\/bin\/bash/)
   assert.match(script, /pid=4321/)
   assert.match(script, /kill -0 "\$pid"/)
@@ -152,6 +153,7 @@ test('buildPosixCleanupScript exports PYTHONPATH when pythonPath is set (lite/fu
     appPath: null,
     hermesHome: '/home/x/.hermes'
   })
+
   // System python + source on PYTHONPATH so import hermes_cli works while the
   // venv is torn down.
   assert.match(script, /export PYTHONPATH='\/home\/x\/\.hermes\/hermes-agent'/)
@@ -168,6 +170,7 @@ test('buildPosixCleanupScript omits PYTHONPATH when pythonPath is null (gui)', (
     appPath: null,
     hermesHome: '/h'
   })
+
   assert.doesNotMatch(script, /export PYTHONPATH/)
 })
 
@@ -181,6 +184,7 @@ test('buildPosixCleanupScript omits the bundle rm when appPath is null', () => {
     appPath: null,
     hermesHome: '/h'
   })
+
   assert.doesNotMatch(script, /rm -rf '\//)
   // Still runs the uninstall.
   assert.match(script, /'-m' 'hermes_cli\.uninstall' '--mode' 'lite'/)
@@ -196,6 +200,7 @@ test('buildPosixCleanupScript single-quote-escapes paths with apostrophes', () =
     appPath: null,
     hermesHome: '/h'
   })
+
   // The apostrophe is closed-escaped-reopened so the shell sees the literal.
   assert.match(script, /'\/home\/o'\\''brien\/python'/)
 })
@@ -212,6 +217,7 @@ test('buildWindowsCleanupScript waits (bounded) for PID, runs uninstall, rmdir b
     appPath: 'C:\\Users\\x\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Hermes',
     hermesHome: 'C:\\Users\\x\\AppData\\Local\\hermes'
   })
+
   assert.match(script, /@echo off/)
   assert.match(script, /set "PID=9988"/)
   // PYTHONPATH set so a system python can import hermes_cli from source.
@@ -238,6 +244,7 @@ test('buildWindowsCleanupScript omits PYTHONPATH + rmdir when not needed (gui, n
     appPath: null,
     hermesHome: 'C:\\h'
   })
+
   assert.doesNotMatch(script, /rmdir/)
   assert.doesNotMatch(script, /set "PYTHONPATH=/)
 })

apps/desktop/electron/desktop-uninstall.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 /**
- * desktop-uninstall.cjs
+ * desktop-uninstall.ts
  *
  * Pure, electron-free helpers for the desktop Chat GUI uninstaller. These map
  * the three user-facing uninstall modes to the `hermes uninstall` CLI flags,
  * resolve the running app bundle/exe so a detached cleanup script can remove
  * it after the app quits, and build that cleanup script for each OS.
  *
- * Kept standalone (no `require('electron')`) so it can be unit-tested with
- * `node --test` — same pattern as connection-config.cjs / backend-probes.cjs.
- * main.cjs requires these and wires them into the electron-coupled IPC layer.
+ * Kept standalone (no ` import 'electron'`) so it can be unit-tested with
+ * `node --test` — same pattern as connection-config.ts / backend-probes.ts.
+ * main.ts requires these and wires them into the electron-coupled IPC layer.
  *
  * The three modes mirror the CLI's options exactly:
  *   - 'gui'  → remove ONLY the Chat GUI, keep the agent + all user data.
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
  * app bundle (locked on macOS/Windows while the process is alive). So we hand
  * the work to a detached child that waits for this app's PID to exit, runs the
  * Python uninstall, then removes the app bundle — then the app quits. Same
- * shape as the self-update swap-and-relaunch flow already in main.cjs.
+ * shape as the self-update swap-and-relaunch flow already in main.ts.
  */
 
-const path = require('node:path')
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 const UNINSTALL_MODES = ['gui', 'lite', 'full']
 
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ function uninstallArgsForMode(mode) {
   if (!UNINSTALL_MODES.includes(mode)) {
     throw new Error(`Unknown uninstall mode: ${mode}`)
   }
+
   return ['-m', 'hermes_cli.uninstall', '--mode', mode]
 }
 
@@ -65,9 +66,12 @@ function modeRemovesUserData(mode) {
  * Returns null when we can't confidently identify a removable bundle (e.g.
  * running from a dev checkout, or a system-package install we must not rmtree).
  */
-function resolveRemovableAppPath(execPath, platform, env = {}) {
+function resolveRemovableAppPath(execPath, platform, env: any = {}) {
   const exe = String(execPath || '')
-  if (!exe) return null
+
+  if (!exe) {
+    return null
+  }
 
   // Use the path flavor that matches the TARGET platform, not the host running
   // this code — so the Windows branch parses backslash paths correctly even
@@ -79,22 +83,36 @@ function resolveRemovableAppPath(execPath, platform, env = {}) {
     const macOsDir = p.dirname(exe) // …/Contents/MacOS
     const contents = p.dirname(macOsDir) // …/Contents
     const appBundle = p.dirname(contents) // …/Hermes.app
-    if (appBundle.endsWith('.app')) return appBundle
+
+    if (appBundle.endsWith('.app')) {
+      return appBundle
+    }
+
     return null
   }
 
   if (platform === 'win32') {
     // NSIS per-user installs Hermes.exe directly in the install dir.
     const dir = p.dirname(exe)
-    if (/[\\/]Hermes$/i.test(dir) || /[\\/]hermes-desktop$/i.test(dir)) return dir
+
+    if (/[\\/]Hermes$/i.test(dir) || /[\\/]hermes-desktop$/i.test(dir)) {
+      return dir
+    }
+
     return null
   }
 
   // Linux: an AppImage exposes its own path via the APPIMAGE env var.
-  if (env.APPIMAGE) return env.APPIMAGE
+  if (env.APPIMAGE) {
+    return env.APPIMAGE
+  }
   // Unpacked electron-builder tree: …/linux-unpacked/hermes
   const dir = p.dirname(exe)
-  if (/-unpacked$/.test(dir)) return dir
+
+  if (/-unpacked$/.test(dir)) {
+    return dir
+  }
+
   return null
 }
 
@@ -121,6 +139,7 @@ function shouldRemoveAppBundle(isPackaged, appPath) {
  */
 function buildPosixCleanupScript({ desktopPid, pythonExe, pythonPath, agentRoot, uninstallArgs, appPath, hermesHome }) {
   const q = s => `'${String(s).replace(/'/g, `'\\''`)}'`
+
   const lines = [
     '#!/bin/bash',
     'set -u',
@@ -135,16 +154,21 @@ function buildPosixCleanupScript({ desktopPid, pythonExe, pythonPath, agentRoot,
     'fi',
     `export HERMES_HOME=${q(hermesHome)}`
   ]
+
   if (pythonPath) {
     lines.push(`export PYTHONPATH=${q(pythonPath)}\${PYTHONPATH:+:$PYTHONPATH}`)
   }
+
   lines.push(`cd ${q(agentRoot)} 2>/dev/null || true`, `${q(pythonExe)} ${uninstallArgs.map(q).join(' ')} || true`)
+
   if (appPath) {
     lines.push(`rm -rf ${q(appPath)} || true`)
   }
+
   // Self-delete the script.
   lines.push('rm -f "$0" 2>/dev/null || true')
   lines.push('')
+
   return lines.join('\n')
 }
 
@@ -180,15 +204,18 @@ function buildWindowsCleanupScript({
   // under %LOCALAPPDATA% never contain them). `&`/`^` in a path would still be
   // a problem, but Hermes install paths don't use them.
   const q = s => `"${String(s).replace(/"/g, '')}"`
+
   const lines = [
     '@echo off',
     'setlocal enableextensions',
     `set "HERMES_HOME=${String(hermesHome).replace(/"/g, '')}"`,
     `set "PID=${pid}"`
   ]
+
   if (pythonPath) {
     lines.push(`set "PYTHONPATH=${String(pythonPath).replace(/"/g, '')};%PYTHONPATH%"`)
   }
+
   lines.push(
     'set /a waited=0',
     ':waitloop',
@@ -206,6 +233,7 @@ function buildWindowsCleanupScript({
     `cd /d ${q(agentRoot)}`,
     `${q(pythonExe)} ${uninstallArgs.map(q).join(' ')}`
   )
+
   if (appPath) {
     lines.push(
       'set /a tries=0',
@@ -220,18 +248,20 @@ function buildWindowsCleanupScript({
       ':rmdone'
     )
   }
+
   lines.push('del "%~f0"')
   lines.push('')
+
   return lines.join('\r\n')
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  UNINSTALL_MODES,
+export {
   buildPosixCleanupScript,
   buildWindowsCleanupScript,
   modeRemovesAgent,
   modeRemovesUserData,
   resolveRemovableAppPath,
   shouldRemoveAppBundle,
+  UNINSTALL_MODES,
   uninstallArgsForMode
 }

apps/desktop/electron/embed-referer.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-'use strict'
-
-const { session } = require('electron')
+import { session } from 'electron'
 
 const EMBED_SESSION_PARTITION = 'persist:hermes-embed'
 const EMBED_REFERER = 'https://www.youtube.com/'
+
 const YOUTUBE_REFERER_HOST_RE =
   /(^|\.)(youtube\.com|youtube-nocookie\.com|googlevideo\.com|ytimg\.com|youtubei\.googleapis\.com)$/i
 
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ function installEmbedRefererForSession(embedSession) {
 
     if (!YOUTUBE_REFERER_HOST_RE.test(host)) {
       callback({ requestHeaders: details.requestHeaders })
+
       return
     }
 
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@ function installEmbedReferer() {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = { installEmbedReferer }
+export { installEmbedReferer }

apps/desktop/electron/fs-read-dir.test.ts

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
 
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
-const { pathToFileURL } = require('node:url')
-
-const { readDirForIpc } = require('./fs-read-dir.cjs')
+import { readDirForIpc } from './fs-read-dir'
 
 function mkTmpDir() {
   return fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'hermes-fs-read-dir-'))
 }
 
-function fakeDirent(name, flags = {}) {
+function fakeDirent(name, flags: any = {}) {
   return {
     name,
     isDirectory: () => Boolean(flags.directory),
@@ -109,10 +107,12 @@ test('readDirForIpc accepts file URLs for directories', async () => {
 
 test('readDirForIpc returns invalid-path for blank or non-string input', async () => {
   let readdirCalls = 0
+
   const fsImpl = {
     promises: {
       readdir: async () => {
         readdirCalls += 1
+
         return []
       }
     }
@@ -126,10 +126,12 @@ test('readDirForIpc returns invalid-path for blank or non-string input', async (
 
 test('readDirForIpc rejects Windows device paths before readdir', async () => {
   let readdirCalls = 0
+
   const fsImpl = {
     promises: {
       readdir: async () => {
         readdirCalls += 1
+
         return []
       }
     }
@@ -224,6 +226,7 @@ test('readDirForIpc allows expanding symlink or junction directories outside the
     fs.writeFileSync(path.join(outside, 'outside.txt'), 'ok')
 
     const linkPath = path.join(root, 'outside-link')
+
     try {
       fs.symlinkSync(outside, linkPath, process.platform === 'win32' ? 'junction' : 'dir')
     } catch (error) {
@@ -252,6 +255,7 @@ test('readDirForIpc stats symbolic links and unknown entries without dropping th
   const input = path.join('virtual-root')
   const resolved = path.resolve(input)
   const statCalls = []
+
   const fsImpl = {
     promises: {
       readdir: async () => [
@@ -266,9 +270,11 @@ test('readDirForIpc stats symbolic links and unknown entries without dropping th
         }
 
         statCalls.push(fullPath)
+
         if (fullPath.endsWith(`${path.sep}linked-dir`)) {
           return { isDirectory: () => true }
         }
+
         throw Object.assign(new Error('gone'), { code: 'ENOENT' })
       }
     }
@@ -301,12 +307,15 @@ test('readDirForIpc bounds concurrent stats while preserving complete sorted out
   let peak = 0
   let releaseStats
   let markFirstStatStarted
+
   const statsReleased = new Promise(resolve => {
     releaseStats = resolve
   })
+
   const firstStatStarted = new Promise(resolve => {
     markFirstStatStarted = resolve
   })
+
   const fsImpl = {
     promises: {
       readdir: async () => [
@@ -326,6 +335,7 @@ test('readDirForIpc bounds concurrent stats while preserving complete sorted out
         active -= 1
 
         const name = path.basename(fullPath)
+
         if (name === failedName) {
           throw Object.assign(new Error('gone'), { code: 'ENOENT' })
         }

apps/desktop/electron/fs-read-dir.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const { resolveDirectoryForIpc } = require('./hardening.cjs')
+import { resolveDirectoryForIpc } from './hardening'
 
 const FS_READDIR_STAT_CONCURRENCY = 16
 
@@ -37,7 +36,9 @@ function direntIsSymbolicLink(dirent) {
 }
 
 function shouldStatDirent(dirent) {
-  if (direntIsDirectory(dirent)) return false
+  if (direntIsDirectory(dirent)) {
+    return false
+  }
 
   return direntIsSymbolicLink(dirent) || !direntIsFile(dirent)
 }
@@ -70,13 +71,13 @@ async function mapWithStatConcurrency(items, mapper) {
   }
 
   const workerCount = Math.min(FS_READDIR_STAT_CONCURRENCY, items.length)
-  const workers = Array.from({ length: workerCount }, () => runWorker())
+  const workers = Array.from({ length: workerCount } as any, () => runWorker())
   await Promise.all(workers)
 
   return results
 }
 
-async function readDirForIpc(dirPath, options = {}) {
+async function readDirForIpc(dirPath, options: any = {}) {
   const fsImpl = options.fs || fs
   let resolved
 
@@ -102,6 +103,4 @@ async function readDirForIpc(dirPath, options = {}) {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  readDirForIpc
-}
+export { readDirForIpc }

apps/desktop/electron/gateway-ws-probe.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/gateway-ws-probe.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/gateway-ws-probe.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/gateway-ws-probe.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/gateway-ws-probe.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * The probe drives a real WebSocket handshake for the "Test remote" button.
@@ -9,16 +9,20 @@
  * outcome (open, frame, error, early close, never-opens) without a network.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { probeGatewayWebSocket } = require('./gateway-ws-probe.cjs')
+import { probeGatewayWebSocket } from './gateway-ws-probe'
 
 // Minimal WebSocket double: records listeners synchronously (the probe attaches
 // them in its executor) and exposes emit() so the test can replay events.
-function makeFakeWs() {
+function makeFakeWs(): { FakeWs: new (url: string) => any; instances: any[] } {
   const instances = []
+
   class FakeWs {
+    url: string
+    closed = false
+    listeners: Record<string, any[]> = {}
     constructor(url) {
       this.url = url
       this.listeners = {}
@@ -32,9 +36,12 @@ function makeFakeWs() {
       this.closed = true
     }
     emit(type, event) {
-      for (const fn of this.listeners[type] || []) fn(event)
+      for (const fn of this.listeners[type] || []) {
+        fn(event)
+      }
     }
   }
+
   return { FakeWs, instances }
 }
 
@@ -51,11 +58,13 @@ test('probe resolves ok when the socket opens and stays open', async () => {
 
 test('probe resolves ok immediately when a frame arrives', async () => {
   const { FakeWs, instances } = makeFakeWs()
+
   const promise = probeGatewayWebSocket('ws://host/api/ws?token=t', {
     WebSocketImpl: FakeWs,
     connectTimeoutMs: 1_000,
     readyGraceMs: 10_000 // long grace: success must come from the frame, not the timer
   })
+
   instances[0].emit('open')
   instances[0].emit('message', { data: '{"jsonrpc":"2.0"}' })
   const result = await promise
@@ -95,11 +104,13 @@ test('probe fails when the gateway accepts then immediately closes (auth rejecte
 
 test('probe times out when the socket never opens', async () => {
   const { FakeWs } = makeFakeWs()
+
   const result = await probeGatewayWebSocket('ws://host/api/ws?token=t', {
     WebSocketImpl: FakeWs,
     connectTimeoutMs: 20,
     readyGraceMs: 10
   })
+
   assert.equal(result.ok, false)
   assert.match(result.reason, /Timed out/)
 })

apps/desktop/electron/gateway-ws-probe.ts

@@ -36,13 +36,16 @@ const DEFAULT_READY_GRACE_MS = 750
  * Attempt a live WebSocket connection and classify the outcome.
  *
  * @param {string} wsUrl - Fully-formed ws(s):// URL including the credential.
- * @param {object} [options]
- * @param {new (url: string) => any} [options.WebSocketImpl] - WebSocket ctor.
- * @param {number} [options.connectTimeoutMs]
- * @param {number} [options.readyGraceMs]
  * @returns {Promise<{ ok: boolean, reason?: string }>}
  */
-function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
+function probeGatewayWebSocket<T>(
+  wsUrl: string,
+  options: {
+    WebSocketImpl?: any
+    connectTimeoutMs?: number
+    readyGraceMs?: number
+  } = {}
+) {
   const WebSocketImpl = options.WebSocketImpl
   const connectTimeoutMs = options.connectTimeoutMs ?? DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS
   const readyGraceMs = options.readyGraceMs ?? DEFAULT_READY_GRACE_MS
@@ -54,7 +57,7 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
     })
   }
 
-  return new Promise(resolve => {
+  return new Promise<any>(resolve => {
     let settled = false
     let opened = false
     let connectTimer = null
@@ -66,6 +69,7 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
         clearTimeout(connectTimer)
         connectTimer = null
       }
+
       if (graceTimer !== null) {
         clearTimeout(graceTimer)
         graceTimer = null
@@ -73,14 +77,18 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
     }
 
     const finish = result => {
-      if (settled) return
+      if (settled) {
+        return
+      }
       settled = true
       clearTimers()
+
       try {
         socket?.close?.()
       } catch {
         // ignore — best effort teardown
       }
+
       resolve(result)
     }
 
@@ -91,11 +99,14 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
         ok: false,
         reason: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
       })
+
       return
     }
 
     const onOpen = () => {
-      if (settled) return
+      if (settled) {
+        return
+      }
       opened = true
       // Upgrade accepted. Give the server a brief window to reject the
       // credential post-handshake (early close) before declaring success.
@@ -118,7 +129,10 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
     }
 
     const onClose = event => {
-      if (settled) return
+      if (settled) {
+        return
+      }
+
       if (opened) {
         // Opened, then closed inside the grace window: the upgrade was accepted
         // but the session was refused (e.g. ws-ticket/token rejected, or a
@@ -127,8 +141,10 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
           ok: false,
           reason: closeReason(event, 'The gateway accepted the connection then closed it (credential rejected?).')
         })
+
         return
       }
+
       finish({
         ok: false,
         reason: closeReason(event, 'The gateway closed the WebSocket before it opened.')
@@ -154,8 +170,10 @@ function probeGatewayWebSocket(wsUrl, options = {}) {
 function addListener(socket, type, handler) {
   if (typeof socket.addEventListener === 'function') {
     socket.addEventListener(type, handler)
+
     return
   }
+
   // Node's global WebSocket implements addEventListener; this fallback keeps the
   // helper usable with the `ws` package's EventEmitter shape too.
   if (typeof socket.on === 'function') {
@@ -164,25 +182,43 @@ function addListener(socket, type, handler) {
 }
 
 function extractErrorReason(event) {
-  if (!event) return ''
-  if (event instanceof Error) return event.message
+  if (!event) {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  if (event instanceof Error) {
+    return event.message
+  }
   const err = event.error || event.message
-  if (err instanceof Error) return err.message
-  if (typeof err === 'string') return err
+
+  if (err instanceof Error) {
+    return err.message
+  }
+
+  if (typeof err === 'string') {
+    return err
+  }
+
   return ''
 }
 
 function closeReason(event, fallback) {
   const code = event && typeof event.code === 'number' ? event.code : null
   const reason = event && typeof event.reason === 'string' ? event.reason.trim() : ''
-  if (code && reason) return `${fallback} (code ${code}: ${reason})`
-  if (code) return `${fallback} (code ${code})`
-  if (reason) return `${fallback} (${reason})`
+
+  if (code && reason) {
+    return `${fallback} (code ${code}: ${reason})`
+  }
+
+  if (code) {
+    return `${fallback} (code ${code})`
+  }
+
+  if (reason) {
+    return `${fallback} (${reason})`
+  }
+
   return fallback
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS,
-  DEFAULT_READY_GRACE_MS,
-  probeGatewayWebSocket
-}
+export { DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS, DEFAULT_READY_GRACE_MS, probeGatewayWebSocket }

apps/desktop/electron/git-repo-scan.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
-'use strict'
-
 // Repo-first discovery: walk bounded roots for git repos using only Node's `fs`
 // — no native addon, so it just works for anyone who pulls main (no
 // electron-rebuild). Mirrors how GitHub Desktop scans: stop at the first `.git`
 // (don't descend into a repo), cap depth, and skip heavy non-repo trees so the
 // first scan stays fast. Results are cached by the backend after the first run.
 
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 const fsp = fs.promises
 
@@ -36,14 +34,14 @@ async function mapLimit(items, limit, fn) {
     }
   }
 
-  await Promise.all(Array.from({ length: Math.min(limit, items.length) }, worker))
+  await Promise.all(Array.from({ length: Math.min(limit, items.length) } as any, worker))
 }
 
 /**
  * Scan `roots` (default: the home dir) for git repositories. Returns deduped
  * `{ root, label }` entries. `options.maxDepth` caps recursion (default 3).
  */
-async function scanGitRepos(roots, options = {}) {
+async function scanGitRepos(roots, options: any = {}) {
   const maxDepth = Number(options.maxDepth) || DEFAULT_MAX_DEPTH
   const searchRoots = Array.isArray(roots) && roots.length > 0 ? roots : [os.homedir()]
   const found = new Map()
@@ -54,6 +52,7 @@ async function scanGitRepos(roots, options = {}) {
     }
 
     let entries
+
     try {
       entries = await fsp.readdir(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
     } catch {
@@ -73,6 +72,7 @@ async function scanGitRepos(roots, options = {}) {
     }
 
     const subdirs = []
+
     for (const entry of entries) {
       // Real directories only (skip symlinks to avoid loops), no hidden dirs, no
       // known heavy trees.
@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ async function scanGitRepos(roots, options = {}) {
   return [...found.entries()].map(([root, label]) => ({ label, root }))
 }
 
-module.exports = { scanGitRepos }
+export { scanGitRepos }

apps/desktop/electron/git-review-ops.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
-
-const { resolveRenamePath } = require('./git-review-ops.cjs')
+import { resolveRenamePath } from './git-review-ops'
 
 test('resolveRenamePath: plain path is unchanged', () => {
   assert.equal(resolveRenamePath('src/a.ts'), 'src/a.ts')

apps/desktop/electron/git-review-ops.ts

@@ -1,37 +1,16 @@
-'use strict'
-
 // Git ops backing the coding rail + Codex-style review pane. Built on `simple-git`
 // (a maintained wrapper around the system git binary — same git the rest of the
 // app shells to, no native build) so we read structured status()/diffSummary()
 // results instead of hand-parsing porcelain. Reads degrade to null/empty on a
 // non-repo / remote backend; mutations reject so the renderer can toast.
 
-const { execFile } = require('node:child_process')
-const fs = require('node:fs/promises')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import { execFile } from 'node:child_process'
+import fs from 'node:fs/promises'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
-// `simple-git` is a pure-JS runtime dep that workspace dedup hoists into the
-// repo-root node_modules.  Packaged builds set `files:` in package.json, which
-// excludes node_modules from the asar, so the normal require() fails at launch
-// (issue #52735: "Cannot find module 'simple-git'").  We ship the dep's
-// closure under resources/native-deps/vendor/node_modules/ via extraResources
-// + scripts/stage-native-deps.cjs, and resolve from there when the hoisted
-// require() isn't reachable.  The `vendor/` nesting matters: electron-builder
-// drops a node_modules dir at the root of an extraResources copy but keeps a
-// nested one.  Dev mode never hits the fallback -- Node's normal lookup finds
-// the hoisted copy.
-let simpleGit
-try {
-  simpleGit = require('simple-git')
-} catch {
-  const resourcesPath = process.resourcesPath
-  if (!resourcesPath) {
-    throw new Error("git-review IPC: 'simple-git' not found and no resourcesPath to fall back to")
-  }
-  simpleGit = require(path.join(resourcesPath, 'native-deps', 'vendor', 'node_modules', 'simple-git'))
-}
+import simpleGit from 'simple-git'
 
-const { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } = require('./hardening.cjs')
+import { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } from './hardening'
 
 const COMMIT_CONTEXT_DIFF_MAX_CHARS = 120_000
 const COMMIT_CONTEXT_UNTRACKED_MAX = 80
@@ -52,7 +31,7 @@ function ghEnv(ghBin) {
 
 // Run the `gh` CLI in a repo. Resolves { ok, stdout } so callers branch on
 // availability/auth without a throw. gh missing/unauthed → ok:false.
-function runGh(args, cwd, ghBin) {
+function runGh(args, cwd, ghBin): Promise<{ ok: boolean; stdout: string }> {
   return new Promise(resolve => {
     execFile(
       ghBin || 'gh',
@@ -260,10 +239,11 @@ async function reviewList(repoPath, scope, baseRef, gitBin) {
 
       const range = scope === 'branch' ? `${base}...HEAD` : base
       const summary = await git.diffSummary([range])
+
       const files = summary.files.map(file => ({
         path: resolveRenamePath(file.file),
-        added: file.binary ? 0 : file.insertions,
-        removed: file.binary ? 0 : file.deletions,
+        added: 'insertions' in file ? file.insertions : 0,
+        removed: 'deletions' in file ? file.deletions : 0,
         status: 'M',
         staged: false
       }))
@@ -291,6 +271,7 @@ async function reviewList(repoPath, scope, baseRef, gitBin) {
       git.diffSummary(['--cached']),
       git.diffSummary([])
     ])
+
     const stagedCounts = countsByPath(staged)
     const unstagedCounts = countsByPath(unstaged)
 
@@ -495,6 +476,7 @@ async function reviewCommitContext(repoPath, gitBin) {
   const safe = args => git.diff(args).catch(() => '')
 
   let status
+
   try {
     status = await git.status()
   } catch {
@@ -510,9 +492,11 @@ async function reviewCommitContext(repoPath, gitBin) {
 
   // Untracked files have no diff — list them so new files aren't invisible.
   const untracked = status.not_added || []
+
   if (untracked.length > 0) {
     const visible = untracked.slice(0, COMMIT_CONTEXT_UNTRACKED_MAX)
     const omitted = untracked.length - visible.length
+
     const note =
       `\n# New (untracked) files:\n${visible.map(p => `#   ${p}`).join('\n')}\n` +
       (omitted > 0 ? `#   ... ${omitted} more omitted\n` : '')
@@ -607,6 +591,7 @@ async function repoStatus(repoPath, gitBin) {
   // fail soft and hide the coding rail instead of spamming IPC handler errors.
   try {
     const stat = await fs.stat(cwd)
+
     if (!stat.isDirectory()) {
       return null
     }
@@ -615,11 +600,13 @@ async function repoStatus(repoPath, gitBin) {
   }
 
   let git
+
   try {
     git = gitFor(cwd, gitBin)
   } catch {
     return null
   }
+
   let status
 
   try {
@@ -630,6 +617,7 @@ async function repoStatus(repoPath, gitBin) {
   }
 
   const detached = typeof status.detached === 'boolean' ? status.detached : !status.current
+
   const files = status.files.map(file => ({
     path: file.path,
     staged: isStaged(file),
@@ -671,10 +659,12 @@ async function repoStatus(repoPath, gitBin) {
   // can't stall the probe.
   try {
     const untracked = status.not_added.slice(0, 500)
+
     for (let i = 0; i < untracked.length; i += UNTRACKED_LINE_COUNT_CONCURRENCY) {
       const batch = await Promise.all(
         untracked.slice(i, i + UNTRACKED_LINE_COUNT_CONCURRENCY).map(path => untrackedInsertions(cwd, path))
       )
+
       result.added += batch.reduce((sum, n) => sum + n, 0)
     }
   } catch {
@@ -684,7 +674,7 @@ async function repoStatus(repoPath, gitBin) {
   return result
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export {
   branchBase,
   fileDiffVsHead,
   repoStatus,
@@ -695,8 +685,8 @@ module.exports = {
   reviewDiff,
   reviewList,
   reviewPush,
-  reviewRevParse,
   reviewRevert,
+  reviewRevParse,
   reviewShipInfo,
   reviewStage,
   reviewUnstage

apps/desktop/electron/git-root.test.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
 
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
-const { pathToFileURL } = require('node:url')
-
-const { gitRootForIpc } = require('./git-root.cjs')
+import { gitRootForIpc } from './git-root'
 
 function mkTmpDir() {
   return fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'hermes-git-root-'))

apps/desktop/electron/git-root.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } = require('./hardening.cjs')
+import { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } from './hardening'
 
 function findGitRoot(start, fsImpl = fs) {
   let dir = start
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ function findGitRoot(start, fsImpl = fs) {
   return null
 }
 
-async function gitRootForIpc(startPath, options = {}) {
+async function gitRootForIpc(startPath, options: { fs?: typeof fs } = {}) {
   const fsImpl = options.fs || fs
   let resolved
 
@@ -48,7 +47,4 @@ async function gitRootForIpc(startPath, options = {}) {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  findGitRoot,
-  gitRootForIpc
-}
+export { findGitRoot, gitRootForIpc }

apps/desktop/electron/git-worktree-ops.test.ts

@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
-
-const {
+import {
   addWorktree,
   ensureGitRepo,
   listBranches,
   parseWorktrees,
   sanitizeBranch,
   switchBranch
-} = require('./git-worktree-ops.cjs')
+} from './git-worktree-ops'
 
 test('sanitizeBranch: spaces → hyphens, forbidden chars dropped, edges trimmed', () => {
   assert.equal(sanitizeBranch('beach vibes'), 'beach-vibes')

apps/desktop/electron/git-worktree-ops.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
-'use strict'
-
 // Git-driven worktree operations for the desktop "Start work" flow: spin up a
 // fresh worktree the lightest way (`git worktree add -b`), list real worktrees,
 // and remove them. Git is the source of truth; the renderer just drives these.
 
-const path = require('node:path')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const { execFile } = require('node:child_process')
+import { execFile } from 'node:child_process'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
-const { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } = require('./hardening.cjs')
+import { resolveRequestedPathForIpc } from './hardening'
 
-function runGit(gitBin, args, cwd) {
+function runGit(gitBin, args, cwd): Promise<string> {
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
     execFile(
       gitBin,
@@ -306,6 +304,7 @@ async function listBranches(repoPath, gitBin) {
       ['for-each-ref', '--format=%(refname:short)', '--sort=-committerdate', 'refs/heads'],
       resolved
     )
+
     const trees = await listWorktrees(resolved, gitBin)
     const pathByBranch = new Map(trees.filter(tree => tree.branch).map(tree => [tree.branch, tree.path]))
     const trunk = await defaultBranch(gitBin, resolved)
@@ -338,7 +337,7 @@ async function switchBranch(repoPath, branch, gitBin) {
   return { branch: target }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export {
   addWorktree,
   ensureGitRepo,
   listBranches,

apps/desktop/electron/hardening.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
-const { pathToFileURL } = require('node:url')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
 
-const {
+import {
   DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
   encryptDesktopSecret,
   resolveDirectoryForIpc,
@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@ const {
   resolveRequestedPathForIpc,
   resolveTimeoutMs,
   sensitiveFileBlockReason
-} = require('./hardening.cjs')
+} from './hardening'
 
-async function rejectsWithCode(promise, code) {
-  await assert.rejects(promise, error => {
+async function rejectsWithCode(promise, code: string) {
+  await assert.rejects(promise, (error: any) => {
     assert.equal(error?.code, code)
+
     return true
   })
 }
@@ -76,8 +77,9 @@ test('path helpers reject blank non-string NUL and Windows device syntax', async
   for (const devicePath of devicePaths) {
     assert.throws(
       () => resolveRequestedPathForIpc(devicePath, { purpose: 'File preview' }),
-      error => {
+      (error: any) => {
         assert.equal(error?.code, 'device-path')
+
         return true
       }
     )
@@ -86,8 +88,9 @@ test('path helpers reject blank non-string NUL and Windows device syntax', async
 
   assert.throws(
     () => resolveRequestedPathForIpc('file:///%E0%A4%A', { purpose: 'File preview' }),
-    error => {
+    (error: any) => {
       assert.equal(error?.code, 'invalid-path')
+
       return true
     }
   )
@@ -131,19 +134,23 @@ test('resolveReadableFileForIpc validates existence type size and sensitivity',
     maxBytes: 256,
     purpose: 'File preview'
   })
+
   assert.equal(fromRelative.resolvedPath, textPath)
   assert.equal(fromRelative.stat.size, 11)
 
   const fromFileUrl = await resolveReadableFileForIpc(pathToFileURL(textPath).toString(), {
     purpose: 'File preview'
   })
+
   assert.equal(fromFileUrl.resolvedPath, textPath)
 
   const spacedPath = path.join(tempDir, 'notes with spaces.txt')
   fs.writeFileSync(spacedPath, 'space ok', 'utf8')
+
   const fromSpacedFileUrl = await resolveReadableFileForIpc(pathToFileURL(spacedPath).toString(), {
     purpose: 'File preview'
   })
+
   assert.equal(fromSpacedFileUrl.resolvedPath, spacedPath)
 
   await assert.rejects(
@@ -184,9 +191,11 @@ test('resolveReadableFileForIpc validates existence type size and sensitivity',
 
   const envTemplatePath = path.join(tempDir, '.env.example')
   fs.writeFileSync(envTemplatePath, 'EXAMPLE_TOKEN=value', 'utf8')
+
   const envTemplate = await resolveReadableFileForIpc(envTemplatePath, {
     purpose: 'File preview'
   })
+
   assert.equal(envTemplate.resolvedPath, envTemplatePath)
 })
 
@@ -229,8 +238,10 @@ test('resolveReadableFileForIpc blocks symlinks whose realpath is sensitive', as
   } catch (error) {
     if (error?.code === 'EPERM' || error?.code === 'EACCES') {
       t.skip(`symlink creation is not permitted on this platform (${error.code})`)
+
       return
     }
+
     throw error
   }
 
@@ -268,8 +279,10 @@ test('resolveDirectoryForIpc accepts directory symlinks or junctions', async t =
   } catch (error) {
     if (error?.code === 'EPERM' || error?.code === 'EACCES') {
       t.skip(`directory symlink creation is not permitted on this platform (${error.code})`)
+
       return
     }
+
     throw error
   }
 

apps/desktop/electron/hardening.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const { fileURLToPath } = require('node:url')
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 
 const DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000
 const DATA_URL_READ_MAX_BYTES = 16 * 1024 * 1024
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ const SENSITIVE_EXTENSIONS = new Set(['.kdbx', '.p12', '.pem', '.pfx'])
 function resolveTimeoutMs(timeoutMs, fallbackMs = DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS) {
   const fallback =
     Number.isFinite(fallbackMs) && Number(fallbackMs) > 0 ? Math.round(Number(fallbackMs)) : DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS
+
   const parsed = Number(timeoutMs)
 
   if (Number.isFinite(parsed) && parsed > 0) {
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ function sensitiveFileBlockReason(filePath) {
   const normalized = String(filePath || '')
     .replace(/\\/g, '/')
     .toLowerCase()
+
   const basename = path.basename(normalized)
   const ext = path.extname(basename)
 
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ function sensitiveFileBlockReason(filePath) {
 
   if (basename.startsWith('.env.')) {
     const suffix = basename.slice('.env.'.length)
+
     if (!SAFE_ENV_SUFFIXES.has(suffix)) {
       return `${basename} is blocked because it appears to contain environment secrets.`
     }
@@ -107,9 +110,10 @@ function sensitiveFileBlockReason(filePath) {
   return null
 }
 
-function ipcPathError(code, message) {
-  const error = new Error(message)
-  error.code = code
+function ipcPathError(code: any, message: string): Error & { code: any } {
+  const error = new Error(message) as Error & { code: any }
+  ;(error as any).code = code
+
   return error
 }
 
@@ -129,6 +133,7 @@ function rejectUnsafePathSyntax(filePath, purpose = 'File read') {
   }
 
   const normalized = raw.replace(/\\/g, '/').toLowerCase()
+
   if (
     normalized.startsWith('//?/') ||
     normalized.startsWith('//./') ||
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ function rejectUnsafePathSyntax(filePath, purpose = 'File read') {
   return raw
 }
 
-function resolveRequestedPathForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
+function resolveRequestedPathForIpc(filePath, options: { purpose?: string; baseDir?: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor } = {}) {
   const purpose = String(options.purpose || 'File read')
   let raw = rejectUnsafePathSyntax(filePath, purpose)
 
@@ -154,17 +159,21 @@ function resolveRequestedPathForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
 
   if (/^file:/i.test(raw)) {
     let resolvedPath
+
     try {
       const parsed = new URL(raw)
+
       if (parsed.protocol !== 'file:') {
         throw new Error('not a file URL')
       }
+
       resolvedPath = fileURLToPath(parsed)
     } catch {
       throw ipcPathError('invalid-path', `${purpose} failed: file URL is invalid.`)
     }
 
     rejectUnsafePathSyntax(resolvedPath, purpose)
+
     return path.resolve(resolvedPath)
   }
 
@@ -178,14 +187,16 @@ function resolveRequestedPathForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
   return resolvedPath
 }
 
-async function statForIpc(fsImpl, resolvedPath, purpose, typeLabel) {
+async function statForIpc(fsImpl: { promises: { stat: typeof fs.promises.stat } }, resolvedPath, purpose, typeLabel) {
   try {
     return await fsImpl.promises.stat(resolvedPath)
   } catch (error) {
     const code = error && typeof error === 'object' ? error.code : ''
+
     if (code === 'ENOENT' || code === 'ENOTDIR') {
       throw ipcPathError(code || 'ENOENT', `${purpose} failed: ${typeLabel} does not exist.`)
     }
+
     throw ipcPathError(
       code || 'read-error',
       `${purpose} failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`
@@ -201,6 +212,7 @@ async function realpathForIpc(fsImpl, resolvedPath, purpose) {
   try {
     const realPath = await fsImpl.promises.realpath(resolvedPath)
     rejectUnsafePathSyntax(realPath, purpose)
+
     return realPath
   } catch (error) {
     const code = error && typeof error === 'object' ? error.code : ''
@@ -213,12 +225,20 @@ async function realpathForIpc(fsImpl, resolvedPath, purpose) {
 
 function rejectSensitiveFilePath(filePath, purpose) {
   const blockReason = sensitiveFileBlockReason(filePath)
+
   if (blockReason) {
     throw ipcPathError('sensitive-file', `${purpose} blocked for sensitive file: ${blockReason}`)
   }
 }
 
-async function resolveDirectoryForIpc(dirPath, options = {}) {
+async function resolveDirectoryForIpc(
+  dirPath,
+  options: {
+    purpose?: string
+    baseDir?: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor
+    fs?: { promises: { stat: typeof fs.promises.stat } }
+  } = {}
+) {
   const purpose = String(options.purpose || 'Directory read')
   const fsImpl = options.fs || fs
   const resolvedPath = resolveRequestedPathForIpc(dirPath, { baseDir: options.baseDir, purpose })
@@ -233,7 +253,16 @@ async function resolveDirectoryForIpc(dirPath, options = {}) {
   return { realPath, resolvedPath, stat }
 }
 
-async function resolveReadableFileForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
+async function resolveReadableFileForIpc(
+  filePath,
+  options: {
+    purpose?: string
+    baseDir?: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor
+    fs?: typeof fs
+    blockSensitive?: boolean
+    maxBytes?: number
+  } = {}
+) {
   const purpose = String(options.purpose || 'File read')
   const fsImpl = options.fs || fs
   const resolvedPath = resolveRequestedPathForIpc(filePath, { baseDir: options.baseDir, purpose })
@@ -253,11 +282,13 @@ async function resolveReadableFileForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
   }
 
   const realPath = await realpathForIpc(fsImpl, resolvedPath, purpose)
+
   if (options.blockSensitive !== false) {
     rejectSensitiveFilePath(realPath, purpose)
   }
 
   const maxBytes = Number.isFinite(options.maxBytes) && Number(options.maxBytes) > 0 ? Number(options.maxBytes) : null
+
   if (maxBytes && stat.size > maxBytes) {
     throw ipcPathError('EFBIG', `${purpose} failed: file is too large (${stat.size} bytes; limit ${maxBytes} bytes).`)
   }
@@ -271,15 +302,15 @@ async function resolveReadableFileForIpc(filePath, options = {}) {
   return { realPath, resolvedPath, stat }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export {
   DATA_URL_READ_MAX_BYTES,
   DEFAULT_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
-  TEXT_PREVIEW_SOURCE_MAX_BYTES,
   encryptDesktopSecret,
   rejectUnsafePathSyntax,
   resolveDirectoryForIpc,
   resolveReadableFileForIpc,
   resolveRequestedPathForIpc,
   resolveTimeoutMs,
-  sensitiveFileBlockReason
+  sensitiveFileBlockReason,
+  TEXT_PREVIEW_SOURCE_MAX_BYTES
 }

apps/desktop/electron/link-title-window.test.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   createLinkTitleWindow,
   guardLinkTitleSession,
   linkTitleWindowOptions,
   readLinkTitleWindowTitle
-} = require('./link-title-window.cjs')
+} from './link-title-window'
 
 function makeFakeBrowserWindow() {
   const calls = { audioMuted: [] }
+
   const FakeBrowserWindow = function (options) {
     this.options = options
     this.webContents = {

apps/desktop/electron/link-title-window.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-'use strict'
-
 // Hidden BrowserWindow used by tier-2 link-title resolution: when curl can't
 // read a page <title> (bot walls, JS-rendered pages), we briefly load the URL
 // in an offscreen window and read its title. That window loads arbitrary
 // user-linked pages, so it must never emit sound or trigger real downloads.
 
-function linkTitleWindowOptions(partitionSession) {
+export function linkTitleWindowOptions(partitionSession) {
   return {
     show: false,
     width: 1280,
@@ -25,7 +23,7 @@ function linkTitleWindowOptions(partitionSession) {
 // Create the offscreen title-fetch window and immediately mute it. Without the
 // mute, autoplaying media on the loaded page (e.g. a YouTube link) leaks ~2s of
 // audio every time a session containing such links is re-rendered. See #49505.
-function createLinkTitleWindow(BrowserWindow, partitionSession) {
+export function createLinkTitleWindow(BrowserWindow, partitionSession) {
   const window = new BrowserWindow(linkTitleWindowOptions(partitionSession))
 
   try {
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ function createLinkTitleWindow(BrowserWindow, partitionSession) {
 // Cancel any download the title-fetch window triggers. Without this, a link
 // artifact URL served with Content-Disposition: attachment auto-downloads every
 // time the Artifacts page renders and fetchLinkTitle loads it.
-function guardLinkTitleSession(partitionSession) {
+export function guardLinkTitleSession(partitionSession) {
   try {
     partitionSession.on('will-download', (_event, item) => item.cancel())
   } catch {
@@ -52,20 +50,19 @@ function guardLinkTitleSession(partitionSession) {
 // Read the page title from a title-fetch window. Callers schedule this from
 // timers that can fire after finish() destroys the window, so every access must
 // guard isDestroyed and swallow Electron's "Object has been destroyed" throws.
-function readLinkTitleWindowTitle(window) {
+export function readLinkTitleWindowTitle(window) {
   try {
-    if (!window || window.isDestroyed()) return ''
+    if (!window || window.isDestroyed()) {
+      return ''
+    }
     const contents = window.webContents
-    if (!contents || contents.isDestroyed()) return ''
+
+    if (!contents || contents.isDestroyed()) {
+      return ''
+    }
+
     return contents.getTitle() || ''
   } catch {
     return ''
   }
 }
-
-module.exports = {
-  createLinkTitleWindow,
-  guardLinkTitleSession,
-  linkTitleWindowOptions,
-  readLinkTitleWindowTitle
-}

apps/desktop/electron/oauth-net-request.test.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 /**
  * Tests for OAuth-session Electron net.request helpers.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/oauth-net-request.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/oauth-net-request.test.ts
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { serializeJsonBody, setJsonRequestHeaders } = require('./oauth-net-request.cjs')
+import { serializeJsonBody, setJsonRequestHeaders } from './oauth-net-request'
 
 test('serializeJsonBody returns undefined for absent bodies', () => {
   assert.equal(serializeJsonBody(undefined), undefined)
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ test('serializeJsonBody JSON-encodes request bodies', () => {
 
 test('setJsonRequestHeaders does not set Electron-restricted Content-Length', () => {
   const headers = []
+
   const request = {
     setHeader(name, value) {
       headers.push([name, value])

apps/desktop/electron/oauth-net-request.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,4 @@ function setJsonRequestHeaders(request) {
   request.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  serializeJsonBody,
-  setJsonRequestHeaders
-}
+export { serializeJsonBody, setJsonRequestHeaders }

apps/desktop/electron/oauth-session-request.test.ts

@@ -6,18 +6,21 @@
  * this guard is scoped to fetchJsonViaOauthSession only.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 
-const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'main.cjs'), 'utf8')
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
+const source = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'main.ts'), 'utf8')
 
 function extractFetchJsonViaOauthSession() {
   const start = source.indexOf('function fetchJsonViaOauthSession')
   const end = source.indexOf('// Mint a single-use WS ticket', start)
   assert.notEqual(start, -1, 'fetchJsonViaOauthSession should exist')
   assert.notEqual(end, -1, 'fetchJsonViaOauthSession boundary should exist')
+
   return source.slice(start, end)
 }
 

apps/desktop/electron/preload.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer, webUtils } = require('electron')
+import { contextBridge, ipcRenderer, webUtils } from 'electron'
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
   getConnection: profile => ipcRenderer.invoke('hermes:connection', profile),
@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
     onState: callback => {
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on('hermes:pet-overlay:state', listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:pet-overlay:state', listener)
     },
     // Main renderer subscribes to overlay control messages.
     onControl: callback => {
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on('hermes:pet-overlay:control', listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:pet-overlay:control', listener)
     }
   },
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
     onChanged: callback => {
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on('hermes:zoom:changed', listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:zoom:changed', listener)
     }
   },
@@ -132,68 +135,80 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
       const channel = `hermes:terminal:${id}:data`
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on(channel, listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener(channel, listener)
     },
     onExit: (id, callback) => {
       const channel = `hermes:terminal:${id}:exit`
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on(channel, listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener(channel, listener)
     }
   },
   onClosePreviewRequested: callback => {
     const listener = () => callback()
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:close-preview-requested', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:close-preview-requested', listener)
   },
   onOpenUpdatesRequested: callback => {
     const listener = () => callback()
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:open-updates', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:open-updates', listener)
   },
   onDeepLink: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:deep-link', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:deep-link', listener)
   },
   signalDeepLinkReady: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('hermes:deep-link-ready'),
   onWindowStateChanged: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:window-state-changed', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:window-state-changed', listener)
   },
   onFocusSession: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, sessionId) => callback(sessionId)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:focus-session', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:focus-session', listener)
   },
   onNotificationAction: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:notification-action', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:notification-action', listener)
   },
   onPreviewFileChanged: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:preview-file-changed', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:preview-file-changed', listener)
   },
   onBackendExit: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:backend-exit', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:backend-exit', listener)
   },
   onPowerResume: callback => {
     const listener = () => callback()
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:power-resume', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:power-resume', listener)
   },
   onBootProgress: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:boot-progress', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:boot-progress', listener)
   },
   // First-launch bootstrap progress -- emitted by the install.ps1 stage
-  // runner in main.cjs (apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.cjs).
+  // runner in main.ts (apps/desktop/electron/bootstrap-runner.ts).
   // Renderer's install overlay subscribes to live events and queries the
   // current snapshot via getBootstrapState() to recover after a devtools
   // reload mid-bootstrap.
@@ -204,6 +219,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
   onBootstrapEvent: callback => {
     const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
     ipcRenderer.on('hermes:bootstrap:event', listener)
+
     return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:bootstrap:event', listener)
   },
   getVersion: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('hermes:version'),
@@ -220,6 +236,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('hermesDesktop', {
     onProgress: callback => {
       const listener = (_event, payload) => callback(payload)
       ipcRenderer.on('hermes:updates:progress', listener)
+
       return () => ipcRenderer.removeListener('hermes:updates:progress', listener)
     }
   },

apps/desktop/electron/profile-delete-respawn.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const ELECTRON_DIR = __dirname
+const ELECTRON_DIR = import.meta.dirname
 
 function readElectronFile(name) {
   return fs.readFileSync(path.join(ELECTRON_DIR, name), 'utf8').replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ function readElectronFile(name) {
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 test('prepareProfileDeleteRequest returns the torn-down profile name', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
   // Locate the function definition and its closing brace.
   const fnStart = source.indexOf('async function prepareProfileDeleteRequest(')
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ test('prepareProfileDeleteRequest returns the torn-down profile name', () => {
 })
 
 test('hermes:api handler routes profile-delete requests to the primary backend', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
   // The handler must capture prepareProfileDeleteRequest's return value.
   assert.match(

apps/desktop/electron/session-windows.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  buildSessionWindowUrl,
-  chatWindowWebPreferences,
-  createSessionWindowRegistry
-} = require('./session-windows.cjs')
+import { buildSessionWindowUrl, chatWindowWebPreferences, createSessionWindowRegistry } from './session-windows'
 
 // A minimal fake BrowserWindow: tracks listeners + destroyed state and lets a
 // test fire the 'closed' event, mirroring the slice of the Electron API the
@@ -96,6 +92,7 @@ test('registry opens one window per session and focuses on re-open', () => {
   const registry = createSessionWindowRegistry()
   let built = 0
   const win = makeFakeWindow()
+
   const factory = () => {
     built += 1
 
@@ -145,6 +142,7 @@ test('registry rebuilds a fresh window after the previous one was destroyed', ()
 
   let built = 0
   const second = makeFakeWindow()
+
   const result = registry.openOrFocus('s1', () => {
     built += 1
 
@@ -158,6 +156,7 @@ test('registry rebuilds a fresh window after the previous one was destroyed', ()
 test('registry ignores empty / non-string session ids', () => {
   const registry = createSessionWindowRegistry()
   let built = 0
+
   const factory = () => {
     built += 1
 

apps/desktop/electron/session-windows.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // Secondary "session windows" — one extra OS window per chat so a user can
 // work with multiple chats side by side. The pure, Electron-free pieces live
 // here so they can be unit-tested with node --test (mirroring how the rest of
-// electron/*.cjs splits testable logic out of the main.cjs monolith).
+// electron/*.ts splits testable logic out of the main.ts monolith).
 
-const { pathToFileURL } = require('node:url')
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
 
 // Secondary windows open at the minimum usable size — a compact side panel for
 // subagent watch / cmd-click session pop-out, not a second full desktop.
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ const SESSION_WINDOW_MIN_HEIGHT = 620
 
 // Shared webPreferences for every window that renders the chat transcript — the
 // primary window AND the secondary session windows. Keeping it in one place is
-// the whole point: the two BrowserWindow definitions in main.cjs used to be
+// the whole point: the two BrowserWindow definitions in main.ts used to be
 // hand-copied, and the secondary windows silently lost `backgroundThrottling:
 // false`, so a streamed answer stalled until the window regained focus.
 //
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const SESSION_WINDOW_MIN_HEIGHT = 620
 // blurred/occluded windows. A streaming chat app must keep painting in the
 // background, so every chat window opts out. The preload path is injected
 // because it depends on the Electron entry's __dirname.
-function chatWindowWebPreferences(preloadPath) {
+function chatWindowWebPreferences(preloadPath: string) {
   return {
     preload: preloadPath,
     contextIsolation: true,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ function chatWindowWebPreferences(preloadPath) {
 // scratch window; `watch=1` marks a spectator window (e.g. a running subagent's
 // session): the renderer resumes it lazily so the gateway never builds an agent
 // just to stream into it.
-function buildSessionWindowUrl(sessionId, { devServer, rendererIndexPath, watch, newSession } = {}) {
+function buildSessionWindowUrl(sessionId: string, { devServer, rendererIndexPath, watch, newSession }: any = {}) {
   const query = `?win=secondary${newSession ? '&new=1' : ''}${watch ? '&watch=1' : ''}`
   const route = newSession ? '#/' : `#/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}`
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ function createSessionWindowRegistry() {
   }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
+export {
   buildSessionWindowUrl,
   chatWindowWebPreferences,
   createSessionWindowRegistry,

apps/desktop/electron/titlebar-overlay-width.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR,
-  OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH,
   macTitleBarOverlayHeight,
-  nativeOverlayWidth
-} = require('./titlebar-overlay-width.cjs')
+  nativeOverlayWidth,
+  OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH
+} from './titlebar-overlay-width'
 
 // This static reservation is only the pre-layout FALLBACK. Once laid out the
 // renderer reads the exact width from navigator.windowControlsOverlay

apps/desktop/electron/titlebar-overlay-width.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-'use strict'
-
-const OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH = 144
+export const OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH = 144
 
 /**
  * Static pre-layout reservation (px) for the right-side native window-controls
@@ -16,15 +14,18 @@ const OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH = 144
  *
  * @param {{ isMac?: boolean }} opts
  */
-function nativeOverlayWidth({ isMac = false } = {}) {
-  if (isMac) return 0
+export function nativeOverlayWidth({ isWindows = false, isWsl = false, isMac = false } = {}) {
+  if (isMac) {
+    return 0
+  }
+
   return OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH
 }
 
 // macOS Tahoe ships as Darwin 25 (Sequoia is 24); the Darwin number is truthful,
 // unlike the product version which macOS reports as 16 or 26 depending on the
 // build SDK.
-const MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR = 25
+export const MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR = 25
 
 /**
  * Height (px) to pass to `titleBarOverlay` on macOS. Tahoe (Darwin 25+)
@@ -36,8 +37,6 @@ const MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR = 25
  *
  * @param {{ darwinMajor?: number, titlebarHeight?: number }} opts
  */
-function macTitleBarOverlayHeight({ darwinMajor = 0, titlebarHeight = 0 } = {}) {
+export function macTitleBarOverlayHeight({ darwinMajor = 0, titlebarHeight = 0 } = {}) {
   return darwinMajor >= MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR ? 0 : titlebarHeight
 }
-
-module.exports = { MACOS_TAHOE_DARWIN_MAJOR, OVERLAY_FALLBACK_WIDTH, macTitleBarOverlayHeight, nativeOverlayWidth }

apps/desktop/electron/update-count.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const { resolveBehindCount, shouldCountCommits } = require('./update-count.cjs')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
+
+import { resolveBehindCount, shouldCountCommits } from './update-count'
 
 // FAIL-BEFORE: pre-fix the function did `Number.parseInt(countStr) || 0`
 // unconditionally, so a shallow checkout with no merge-base surfaced the bogus

apps/desktop/electron/update-count.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-'use strict'
-
 // Whether `git rev-list HEAD..origin/<branch> --count` produces a meaningful
 // number worth computing. On a SHALLOW checkout (installer clones with
 // --depth 1) the local history often shares no merge-base with the freshly
@@ -19,10 +17,14 @@ function shouldCountCommits({ isShallow, hasMergeBase }) {
 // (developers / Docker dev images) keep the exact count path unchanged.
 function resolveBehindCount({ countStr, currentSha, targetSha, isShallow, hasMergeBase }) {
   if (!shouldCountCommits({ isShallow, hasMergeBase })) {
-    if (currentSha && targetSha && currentSha === targetSha) return 0
+    if (currentSha && targetSha && currentSha === targetSha) {
+      return 0
+    }
+
     return 1 // behind by an unknown amount — show a generic "update available"
   }
+
   return Number.parseInt(countStr, 10) || 0
 }
 
-module.exports = { resolveBehindCount, shouldCountCommits }
+export { resolveBehindCount, shouldCountCommits }

apps/desktop/electron/update-marker.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/update-marker.cjs — the in-app update mutual-exclusion
+ * Tests for electron/update-marker.ts — the in-app update mutual-exclusion
  * marker that prevents a desktop relaunched mid-update from spawning a backend
  * the updater then kills in a loop (#50238).
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/update-marker.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/update-marker.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * Why this matters: the gate must (a) report a live update only when the
@@ -12,16 +12,23 @@
  * strand future launches, and (c) self-heal by deleting a stale marker file.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('fs')
-const os = require('os')
-const path = require('path')
+import fs from 'fs'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import os from 'os'
+import path from 'path'
 
-const { markerPath, isPidAlive, readLiveUpdateMarker, writeUpdateMarker, UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS } = require('./update-marker.cjs')
+import {
+  isPidAlive,
+  markerPath,
+  readLiveUpdateMarker,
+  UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS,
+  writeUpdateMarker
+} from './update-marker'
 
 function tmpHome(tag) {
   const dir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), `hermes-marker-${tag}-`))
+
   return dir
 }
 
@@ -29,10 +36,11 @@ function writeMarker(home, pid, startedAtSec) {
   fs.writeFileSync(markerPath(home), `${pid}\n${startedAtSec}`)
 }
 
-const ALIVE = () => true // injected kill that "succeeds" => pid alive
-const DEAD = () => {
+const ALIVE: typeof process.kill = () => true // injected kill that "succeeds" => pid alive
+
+const DEAD: typeof process.kill = () => {
   const err = new Error('no such process')
-  err.code = 'ESRCH'
+  ;(err as any).code = 'ESRCH'
   throw err
 }
 
@@ -85,9 +93,10 @@ test('isPidAlive: own pid is alive, impossible pid is dead', () => {
 test('isPidAlive: EPERM counts as alive (process owned by another user)', () => {
   const eperm = () => {
     const err = new Error('operation not permitted')
-    err.code = 'EPERM'
+    ;(err as any).code = 'EPERM'
     throw err
   }
+
   assert.equal(isPidAlive(4242, eperm), true)
 })
 

apps/desktop/electron/update-marker.ts

@@ -16,20 +16,20 @@
  *
  * This module holds the PURE, side-effect-light logic (path, pid liveness,
  * parse + staleness) so it is unit-testable without booting Electron. The
- * polling/boot-progress wrapper lives in main.cjs where the boot-progress and
+ * polling/boot-progress wrapper lives in main.ts where the boot-progress and
  * log sinks are.
  */
 
-const fs = require('fs')
-const path = require('path')
+import fs from 'fs'
+import path from 'path'
 
 // Even with a live-looking PID, never treat a marker older than this as a live
 // update. A full update (git pull + pip + desktop rebuild) is minutes, not tens
 // of minutes; past this the marker is almost certainly stale (e.g. the OS
 // recycled the pid onto an unrelated process), so the gate self-heals.
-const UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS = 20 * 60 * 1000
+export const UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS = 20 * 60 * 1000
 
-function markerPath(hermesHome) {
+export function markerPath(hermesHome) {
   return path.join(hermesHome, '.hermes-update-in-progress')
 }
 
@@ -37,10 +37,14 @@ function markerPath(hermesHome) {
 // not deliver a signal — it just probes existence/permission. ESRCH => dead;
 // EPERM => alive but owned by another user (still "alive" for our purposes).
 // Injectable `kill` keeps it unit-testable.
-function isPidAlive(pid, kill = process.kill.bind(process)) {
-  if (!Number.isInteger(pid) || pid <= 0) return false
+export function isPidAlive(pid, kill: typeof process.kill = process.kill.bind(process)) {
+  if (!Number.isInteger(pid) || pid <= 0) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   try {
     kill(pid, 0)
+
     return true
   } catch (err) {
     return Boolean(err && err.code === 'EPERM')
@@ -59,9 +63,21 @@ function isPidAlive(pid, kill = process.kill.bind(process)) {
  * Pure-ish: file I/O against the given path, plus an injectable pid probe and
  * clock for tests.
  */
-function readLiveUpdateMarker(hermesHome, { kill, now = Date.now, maxAgeMs = UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS } = {}) {
+export function readLiveUpdateMarker(
+  hermesHome,
+  {
+    kill,
+    now = Date.now,
+    maxAgeMs = UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS
+  }: {
+    now?: () => number
+    maxAgeMs?: number
+    kill?: typeof process.kill
+  } = {}
+) {
   const file = markerPath(hermesHome)
   let raw
+
   try {
     raw = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8')
   } catch {
@@ -80,8 +96,10 @@ function readLiveUpdateMarker(hermesHome, { kill, now = Date.now, maxAgeMs = UPD
     } catch {
       void 0
     }
+
     return null
   }
+
   return { pid, ageMs }
 }
 
@@ -107,9 +125,10 @@ function readLiveUpdateMarker(hermesHome, { kill, now = Date.now, maxAgeMs = UPD
  * If the updater never starts (spawn failure) the marker still contains a
  * real PID, so `readLiveUpdateMarker` will self-heal once that PID exits.
  */
-function writeUpdateMarker(hermesHome, pid, { now = Date.now } = {}) {
+export function writeUpdateMarker(hermesHome, pid, { now = Date.now } = {}) {
   const file = markerPath(hermesHome)
   const startedAt = Math.floor(now() / 1000)
+
   try {
     fs.writeFileSync(file, `${pid}\n${startedAt}\n`, 'utf8')
   } catch {
@@ -117,11 +136,3 @@ function writeUpdateMarker(hermesHome, pid, { now = Date.now } = {}) {
     // updater will write its own when it reaches run_update.
   }
 }
-
-module.exports = {
-  UPDATE_MARKER_MAX_AGE_MS,
-  markerPath,
-  isPidAlive,
-  readLiveUpdateMarker,
-  writeUpdateMarker
-}

apps/desktop/electron/update-rebuild.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/update-rebuild.cjs — the retry-once policy for the desktop
+ * Tests for electron/update-rebuild.ts — the retry-once policy for the desktop
  * `--build-only` rebuild during self-update.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/update-rebuild.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/update-rebuild.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * Why this matters: a first rebuild can return nonzero on a still-settling tree
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
  * success, and must run at most twice.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { shouldRetryRebuild, runRebuildWithRetry } = require('./update-rebuild.cjs')
+import { runRebuildWithRetry, shouldRetryRebuild } from './update-rebuild'
 
 test('shouldRetryRebuild retries only on a non-success exit', () => {
   assert.equal(shouldRetryRebuild(0), false)
@@ -25,30 +25,39 @@ test('shouldRetryRebuild retries only on a non-success exit', () => {
 
 test('a clean first rebuild runs once and does not retry', async () => {
   const codes = []
+
   const result = await runRebuildWithRetry(attempt => {
     codes.push(attempt)
+
     return Promise.resolve({ code: 0 })
   })
+
   assert.deepEqual(codes, [0])
   assert.equal(result.code, 0)
 })
 
 test('a failed first rebuild retries once and succeeds', async () => {
   const codes = []
+
   const result = await runRebuildWithRetry(attempt => {
     codes.push(attempt)
+
     return Promise.resolve({ code: attempt === 0 ? 1 : 0 })
   })
+
   assert.deepEqual(codes, [0, 1])
   assert.equal(result.code, 0)
 })
 
 test('a rebuild that keeps failing runs at most twice and reports the failure', async () => {
   const codes = []
+
   const result = await runRebuildWithRetry(attempt => {
     codes.push(attempt)
+
     return Promise.resolve({ code: 1, error: 'rebuild-failed' })
   })
+
   assert.deepEqual(codes, [0, 1])
   assert.equal(result.code, 1)
   assert.equal(result.error, 'rebuild-failed')

apps/desktop/electron/update-rebuild.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-'use strict'
-
 /**
  * Retry-once policy for the desktop `--build-only` rebuild during self-update.
  *
@@ -20,10 +18,12 @@ function shouldRetryRebuild(code) {
  */
 async function runRebuildWithRetry(rebuild) {
   let result = await rebuild(0)
+
   if (shouldRetryRebuild(result.code)) {
     result = await rebuild(1)
   }
+
   return result
 }
 
-module.exports = { shouldRetryRebuild, runRebuildWithRetry }
+export { runRebuildWithRetry, shouldRetryRebuild }

apps/desktop/electron/update-relaunch.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/update-relaunch.cjs — the pure decision + script helpers
+ * Tests for electron/update-relaunch.ts — the pure decision + script helpers
  * behind the Linux in-app update relaunch (#45205).
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/update-relaunch.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/update-relaunch.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * What this locks (review acceptance criteria for PR #45205):
@@ -17,24 +17,24 @@
  *      (keep a working window) unless a non-interactive fallback applies.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  unpackedDirName,
-  resolveUnpackedRelease,
-  decideRelaunchOutcome,
-  sandboxPreflight,
-  sandboxFallbackFromEnv,
+import {
+  buildRelaunchScript,
   collectRelaunchArgs,
   collectRelaunchEnv,
-  buildRelaunchScript,
-  shellQuote
-} = require('./update-relaunch.cjs')
+  decideRelaunchOutcome,
+  resolveUnpackedRelease,
+  sandboxFallbackFromEnv,
+  sandboxPreflight,
+  shellQuote,
+  unpackedDirName
+} from './update-relaunch'
 
 const ROOT = '/home/u/.hermes/hermes-agent'
 const UNPACKED = path.join(ROOT, 'apps', 'desktop', 'release', 'linux-unpacked')
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ test('decideRelaunchOutcome: only under-unpacked + sandbox-ok relaunches', () =>
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 const fakeStat = (uid, mode) => () => ({ uid, mode })
+
 const throwStat = () => {
   throw Object.assign(new Error('ENOENT'), { code: 'ENOENT' })
 }
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ test('collectRelaunchArgs drops Electron internals, keeps user/launcher args', (
     '--profile=work', // app flag — keep
     '--remote-debugging-port=9222' // internal — drop
   ]
+
   assert.deepEqual(collectRelaunchArgs(argv), ['--no-sandbox', 'hermes://open/agent/42', '--profile=work'])
   assert.deepEqual(collectRelaunchArgs(undefined), [])
 })
@@ -165,6 +167,7 @@ test('collectRelaunchEnv preserves HERMES_HOME + HERMES_DESKTOP_* + sandbox opt-
     HOME: '/home/u', // not preserved
     UNRELATED: 'x'
   }
+
   assert.deepEqual(collectRelaunchEnv(env), {
     HERMES_HOME: '/home/u/.hermes',
     HERMES_DESKTOP_REMOTE_URL: 'http://box:9119',
@@ -207,6 +210,7 @@ test('buildRelaunchScript embeds pid/exec/args/env/cwd and is valid bash', () =>
   // It must be syntactically valid bash (`bash -n`). Write to a temp file and lint.
   const tmp = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `hermes-relaunch-test-${Date.now()}.sh`)
   fs.writeFileSync(tmp, script)
+
   try {
     execFileSync('bash', ['-n', tmp], { stdio: 'pipe' })
   } finally {
@@ -222,13 +226,16 @@ test('buildRelaunchScript with no args/env still lints clean', () => {
     env: {},
     cwd: ''
   })
+
   const tmp = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `hermes-relaunch-test2-${Date.now()}.sh`)
   fs.writeFileSync(tmp, script)
+
   try {
     execFileSync('bash', ['-n', tmp], { stdio: 'pipe' })
   } finally {
     fs.rmSync(tmp, { force: true })
   }
+
   // exec line has no trailing args.
   assert.match(script, /exec '\/opt\/Hermes\/Hermes'\n/)
 })

apps/desktop/electron/update-relaunch.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-'use strict'
-
 /**
- * update-relaunch.cjs — pure decision + script-generation helpers for the
+ * update-relaunch.ts — pure decision + script-generation helpers for the
  * Linux in-app update relaunch (#45205).
  *
- * Extracted from main.cjs's `applyUpdatesPosixInApp` so the security- and
+ * Extracted from main.ts's `applyUpdatesPosixInApp` so the security- and
  * correctness-critical "do we relaunch, or land on a manual terminal state?"
- * decision is unit-testable without booting Electron (main.cjs
+ * decision is unit-testable without booting Electron (main.ts
  * `require('electron')` at load).
  *
  * Background
@@ -37,12 +35,18 @@
  * the closeable manual-restart terminal state instead.
  */
 
-const path = require('node:path')
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 // Map process.platform → electron-builder's `release/<dir>-unpacked` name.
 function unpackedDirName(platform) {
-  if (platform === 'darwin') return 'mac-unpacked' // not used (mac swaps bundles)
-  if (platform === 'win32') return 'win-unpacked'
+  if (platform === 'darwin') {
+    return 'mac-unpacked'
+  } // not used (mac swaps bundles)
+
+  if (platform === 'win32') {
+    return 'win-unpacked'
+  }
+
   return 'linux-unpacked'
 }
 
@@ -56,15 +60,19 @@ function unpackedDirName(platform) {
  * `.../release/linux-unpacked-evil` can't masquerade as `.../release/linux-unpacked`.
  */
 function resolveUnpackedRelease(execPath, updateRoot, platform) {
-  if (!execPath || !updateRoot) return null
+  if (!execPath || !updateRoot) {
+    return null
+  }
   const releaseDir = path.join(updateRoot, 'apps', 'desktop', 'release')
   const unpacked = path.join(releaseDir, unpackedDirName(platform))
   const normalizedExec = path.resolve(String(execPath))
   // execPath must be the unpacked dir itself or a descendant of it.
   const withSep = unpacked.endsWith(path.sep) ? unpacked : unpacked + path.sep
+
   if (normalizedExec === unpacked || normalizedExec.startsWith(withSep)) {
     return unpacked
   }
+
   return null
 }
 
@@ -81,8 +89,14 @@ function resolveUnpackedRelease(execPath, updateRoot, platform) {
  *                app. Closeable manual-restart terminal state.
  */
 function decideRelaunchOutcome({ underUnpacked, sandboxOk }) {
-  if (!underUnpacked) return 'guiSkew'
-  if (!sandboxOk) return 'manual'
+  if (!underUnpacked) {
+    return 'guiSkew'
+  }
+
+  if (!sandboxOk) {
+    return 'manual'
+  }
+
   return 'relaunch'
 }
 
@@ -99,9 +113,12 @@ function decideRelaunchOutcome({ underUnpacked, sandboxOk }) {
  * `statSync` is injectable so this is testable without a real setuid file.
  */
 function sandboxPreflight(unpackedDir, statSync) {
-  if (!unpackedDir) return { ok: false, reason: 'no-unpacked-dir', path: null }
+  if (!unpackedDir) {
+    return { ok: false, reason: 'no-unpacked-dir', path: null }
+  }
   const sandboxPath = path.join(unpackedDir, 'chrome-sandbox')
   let st
+
   try {
     st = statSync(sandboxPath)
   } catch {
@@ -109,15 +126,22 @@ function sandboxPreflight(unpackedDir, statSync) {
     // sandbox; nothing to block the relaunch.
     return { ok: true, reason: 'no-sandbox-helper', path: sandboxPath }
   }
+
   const ownedByRoot = st.uid === 0
   const hasSetuid = (st.mode & 0o4000) !== 0
+
   if (ownedByRoot && hasSetuid) {
     return { ok: true, reason: 'launchable', path: sandboxPath }
   }
+
   if (!ownedByRoot && !hasSetuid) {
     return { ok: false, reason: 'not-root-not-setuid', path: sandboxPath }
   }
-  if (!ownedByRoot) return { ok: false, reason: 'not-root', path: sandboxPath }
+
+  if (!ownedByRoot) {
+    return { ok: false, reason: 'not-root', path: sandboxPath }
+  }
+
   return { ok: false, reason: 'not-setuid', path: sandboxPath }
 }
 
@@ -126,7 +150,7 @@ function sandboxPreflight(unpackedDir, statSync) {
  * environment. The reviewer asked us to integrate with any existing
  * `--no-sandbox` / chrome-sandbox handling. A repo grep found NO existing
  * non-interactive sandbox fallback in the desktop app (the only chrome-sandbox
- * reference is documentation in scripts/before-pack.cjs). The one signal that
+ * reference is documentation in scripts/before-pack.ts). The one signal that
  * DOES exist is the standard Electron escape hatch: ELECTRON_DISABLE_SANDBOX=1
  * (and the equivalent `--no-sandbox` already present in the launch args). If
  * the user has set that, the rebuilt binary will start even with a broken
@@ -137,8 +161,15 @@ function sandboxPreflight(unpackedDir, statSync) {
  */
 function sandboxFallbackFromEnv(env, launchArgs) {
   const disable = String((env && env.ELECTRON_DISABLE_SANDBOX) || '').trim()
-  if (disable === '1' || disable.toLowerCase() === 'true') return true
-  if (Array.isArray(launchArgs) && launchArgs.some(a => a === '--no-sandbox')) return true
+
+  if (disable === '1' || disable.toLowerCase() === 'true') {
+    return true
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(launchArgs) && launchArgs.some(a => a === '--no-sandbox')) {
+    return true
+  }
+
   return false
 }
 
@@ -176,9 +207,15 @@ const INTERNAL_ARG_PREFIXES = [
  * the exec path itself; there is no entry-script arg as in a dev run).
  */
 function collectRelaunchArgs(argv) {
-  if (!Array.isArray(argv)) return []
+  if (!Array.isArray(argv)) {
+    return []
+  }
+
   return argv.filter(arg => {
-    if (typeof arg !== 'string' || arg.length === 0) return false
+    if (typeof arg !== 'string' || arg.length === 0) {
+      return false
+    }
+
     return !INTERNAL_ARG_PREFIXES.some(prefix =>
       prefix.endsWith('=') ? arg.startsWith(prefix) : arg === prefix || arg.startsWith(prefix + '=')
     )
@@ -197,13 +234,21 @@ const PRESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES = ['HERMES_DESKTOP_']
 
 function collectRelaunchEnv(env) {
   const out = {}
-  if (!env || typeof env !== 'object') return out
+
+  if (!env || typeof env !== 'object') {
+    return out
+  }
+
   for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(env)) {
-    if (value == null) continue
+    if (value == null) {
+      continue
+    }
+
     if (PRESERVED_ENV_KEYS.includes(key) || PRESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES.some(p => key.startsWith(p))) {
       out[key] = String(value)
     }
   }
+
   return out
 }
 
@@ -223,8 +268,10 @@ function buildRelaunchScript({ pid, execPath, args, env, cwd }) {
   const exports = Object.entries(env || {})
     .map(([k, v]) => `export ${k}=${shellQuote(v)}`)
     .join('\n')
+
   const quotedArgs = (args || []).map(shellQuote).join(' ')
   const cwdLine = cwd ? `cd ${shellQuote(cwd)} 2>/dev/null || true` : ''
+
   // NOTE: `exec` replaces the watcher process with the relaunched app, so the
   // re-exec inherits exactly the env/cwd we set above.
   return `#!/bin/bash
@@ -249,17 +296,17 @@ exec ${shellQuote(execPath)}${quotedArgs ? ' ' + quotedArgs : ''}
 `
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  unpackedDirName,
-  resolveUnpackedRelease,
-  decideRelaunchOutcome,
-  sandboxPreflight,
-  sandboxFallbackFromEnv,
+export {
+  buildRelaunchScript,
   collectRelaunchArgs,
   collectRelaunchEnv,
-  buildRelaunchScript,
-  shellQuote,
+  decideRelaunchOutcome,
   INTERNAL_ARG_PREFIXES,
   PRESERVED_ENV_KEYS,
-  PRESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES
+  PRESERVED_ENV_PREFIXES,
+  resolveUnpackedRelease,
+  sandboxFallbackFromEnv,
+  sandboxPreflight,
+  shellQuote,
+  unpackedDirName
 }

apps/desktop/electron/update-remote.test.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/update-remote.cjs — the remote-detection helpers that
+ * Tests for electron/update-remote.ts — the remote-detection helpers that
  * keep passive update checks off the SSH origin for official installs.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/update-remote.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/update-remote.test.ts
  * (Wired into npm test:desktop:platforms in package.json.)
  *
  * Why this matters: a public install can carry
@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@
  * never prompts and should keep the normal fetch path).
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  OFFICIAL_REPO_HTTPS_URL,
-  OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL,
+import {
   canonicalGitHubRemote,
+  isOfficialSshRemote,
   isSshRemote,
-  isOfficialSshRemote
-} = require('./update-remote.cjs')
+  OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL,
+  OFFICIAL_REPO_HTTPS_URL
+} from './update-remote'
 
 test('canonicalGitHubRemote normalizes SSH and HTTPS forms to the same value', () => {
   assert.equal(canonicalGitHubRemote('git@github.com:NousResearch/hermes-agent.git'), OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL)

apps/desktop/electron/update-remote.ts

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
  * which needs no auth and cannot prompt. Active update/apply flows are left
  * unchanged.
  *
- * Extracted from main.cjs so the security-critical remote detection is unit
- * testable without booting Electron (main.cjs requires('electron') at load).
+ * Extracted from main.ts so the security-critical remote detection is unit
+ * testable without booting Electron (main.ts requires('electron') at load).
  */
 
 const OFFICIAL_REPO_HTTPS_URL = 'https://github.com/NousResearch/hermes-agent.git'
@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@ const OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL = 'github.com/nousresearch/hermes-agent'
 // no trailing slash, no .git suffix) so SSH and HTTPS forms of the same repo
 // compare equal.
 function canonicalGitHubRemote(url) {
-  if (!url) return ''
+  if (!url) {
+    return ''
+  }
   let value = String(url).trim()
+
   if (value.startsWith('git@github.com:')) {
     value = `github.com/${value.slice('git@github.com:'.length)}`
   } else if (value.startsWith('ssh://git@github.com/')) {
@@ -28,13 +31,21 @@ function canonicalGitHubRemote(url) {
   } else {
     try {
       const parsed = new URL(value)
-      if (parsed.hostname && parsed.pathname) value = `${parsed.hostname}${parsed.pathname}`
+
+      if (parsed.hostname && parsed.pathname) {
+        value = `${parsed.hostname}${parsed.pathname}`
+      }
     } catch {
       // Leave non-URL forms unchanged.
     }
   }
+
   value = value.trim().replace(/\/+$/, '')
-  if (value.endsWith('.git')) value = value.slice(0, -4)
+
+  if (value.endsWith('.git')) {
+    value = value.slice(0, -4)
+  }
+
   return value.toLowerCase()
 }
 
@@ -42,6 +53,7 @@ function isSshRemote(url) {
   const value = String(url || '')
     .trim()
     .toLowerCase()
+
   return value.startsWith('git@') || value.startsWith('ssh://')
 }
 
@@ -49,10 +61,4 @@ function isOfficialSshRemote(url) {
   return isSshRemote(url) && canonicalGitHubRemote(url) === OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  OFFICIAL_REPO_HTTPS_URL,
-  OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL,
-  canonicalGitHubRemote,
-  isSshRemote,
-  isOfficialSshRemote
-}
+export { canonicalGitHubRemote, isOfficialSshRemote, isSshRemote, OFFICIAL_REPO_CANONICAL, OFFICIAL_REPO_HTTPS_URL }

apps/desktop/electron/vscode-marketplace.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const assert = require('node:assert')
-const test = require('node:test')
-
-const { __testing, extractThemes, readCentralDirectory } = require('./vscode-marketplace.cjs')
+import { __testing, extractThemes, readCentralDirectory } from './vscode-marketplace'
 
 // Build a minimal zip with stored (uncompressed) entries so the test controls
 // the bytes exactly — exercises the central-directory reader + theme extraction
@@ -72,6 +70,7 @@ test('extractThemes reads contributed color themes (resolving ./ paths)', () =>
       themes: [{ label: 'Dracula', uiTheme: 'vs-dark', path: './themes/dracula.json' }]
     }
   })
+
   const themeJson = JSON.stringify({ name: 'Dracula', type: 'dark', colors: { 'editor.background': '#282a36' } })
 
   const zip = makeZip([

apps/desktop/electron/vscode-marketplace.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-'use strict'
-
 /**
  * VS Code Marketplace color-theme fetcher (main process).
  *
@@ -14,8 +12,8 @@
  * zip library into the desktop bundle for a feature this small.
  */
 
-const https = require('node:https')
-const zlib = require('node:zlib')
+import https from 'node:https'
+import zlib from 'node:zlib'
 
 const GALLERY_QUERY_URL = 'https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/_apis/public/gallery/extensionquery'
 const VSIX_ASSET_TYPE = 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Services.VSIXPackage'
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ function request(
   url,
   { method = 'GET', headers = {}, body = null, maxBytes = MAX_VSIX_BYTES } = {},
   redirectsLeft = MAX_REDIRECTS
-) {
+): Promise<Buffer<ArrayBuffer>> {
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
     const req = https.request(url, { method, headers }, res => {
       const status = res.statusCode ?? 0
@@ -102,6 +100,7 @@ async function resolveExtension(id) {
     // IncludeCategoryAndTags | IncludeLatestVersionOnly = 914.
     flags: 914
   })
+
   const extension = json?.results?.[0]?.extensions?.[0]
 
   if (!extension) {
@@ -127,6 +126,7 @@ async function resolveExtension(id) {
 /** POST an ExtensionQuery payload and return the parsed gallery response. */
 async function queryGallery(payload, { maxBytes = 4 * 1024 * 1024 } = {}) {
   const body = JSON.stringify(payload)
+
   const raw = await request(GALLERY_QUERY_URL, {
     method: 'POST',
     headers: {
@@ -332,10 +332,6 @@ async function fetchMarketplaceThemes(id) {
   return { extensionId: trimmed, displayName, themes }
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  fetchMarketplaceThemes,
-  searchMarketplaceThemes,
-  extractThemes,
-  readCentralDirectory,
-  __testing: { themeEntryName, looksLikeIconTheme }
-}
+const __testing = { themeEntryName, looksLikeIconTheme }
+
+export { __testing, extractThemes, fetchMarketplaceThemes, readCentralDirectory, searchMarketplaceThemes }

apps/desktop/electron/window-state.test.ts

@@ -4,19 +4,19 @@
  * clamping, and the debounce that collapses mid-drag write storms.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
-  DEFAULT_WIDTH,
-  DEFAULT_HEIGHT,
-  MIN_WIDTH,
-  MIN_HEIGHT,
-  sanitizeWindowState,
-  onScreen,
+import {
   computeWindowOptions,
-  debounce
-} = require('./window-state.cjs')
+  debounce,
+  DEFAULT_HEIGHT,
+  DEFAULT_WIDTH,
+  MIN_HEIGHT,
+  MIN_WIDTH,
+  onScreen,
+  sanitizeWindowState
+} from './window-state'
 
 // A single 1920×1080 monitor (work area trimmed for the taskbar).
 const PRIMARY = [{ workArea: { x: 0, y: 0, width: 1920, height: 1040 } }]
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ test('computeWindowOptions does not clamp when displays are unknown', () => {
 test('debounce coalesces a burst into one trailing run', t => {
   t.mock.timers.enable({ apis: ['setTimeout'] })
   let calls = 0
+
   const d = debounce(() => {
     calls += 1
   }, 250)
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@ test('debounce coalesces a burst into one trailing run', t => {
 test('debounce.flush runs now and cancels the pending timer', t => {
   t.mock.timers.enable({ apis: ['setTimeout'] })
   let calls = 0
+
   const d = debounce(() => {
     calls += 1
   }, 250)

apps/desktop/electron/window-state.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Pure geometry helpers for window-state.json — restoring the main window's
  * size, position, and maximized flag across launches. Side-effect-free so the
  * part that actually matters (rejecting garbage + off-screen bounds) is
- * unit-testable without booting Electron; main.cjs owns the file I/O and the
+ * unit-testable without booting Electron; main.ts owns the file I/O and the
  * live `screen` displays.
  */
 
@@ -21,41 +21,66 @@ const MIN_VISIBLE = 48
 const finite = v => typeof v === 'number' && Number.isFinite(v)
 const clamp = (v, lo, hi) => Math.max(lo, Math.min(v, hi))
 
+interface SanitizedWindowState {
+  width: number
+  height: number
+  isMaximized: boolean
+  x?: number
+  y?: number
+}
+
 // Parse raw JSON → clean state, or null if garbage. width/height are required
 // and floored; x/y survive only as a finite pair; isMaximized is strict.
-function sanitizeWindowState(raw) {
-  if (!raw || typeof raw !== 'object' || !finite(raw.width) || !finite(raw.height)) return null
+function sanitizeWindowState(raw?: any): SanitizedWindowState | null {
+  if (!raw || typeof raw !== 'object' || !finite(raw.width) || !finite(raw.height)) {
+    return null
+  }
 
-  const state = {
+  const state: SanitizedWindowState = {
     width: Math.max(MIN_WIDTH, Math.round(raw.width)),
     height: Math.max(MIN_HEIGHT, Math.round(raw.height)),
     isMaximized: raw.isMaximized === true
   }
+
   if (finite(raw.x) && finite(raw.y)) {
     state.x = Math.round(raw.x)
     state.y = Math.round(raw.y)
   }
+
   return state
 }
 
 // True when `bounds` overlaps some display's work area by ≥ MIN_VISIBLE on both
 // axes. `displays` is Electron's screen.getAllDisplays() shape.
 function onScreen(bounds, displays) {
-  if (!Array.isArray(displays)) return false
+  if (!Array.isArray(displays)) {
+    return false
+  }
+
   return displays.some(({ workArea: a } = {}) => {
-    if (!a) return false
+    if (!a) {
+      return false
+    }
     const x = Math.min(bounds.x + bounds.width, a.x + a.width) - Math.max(bounds.x, a.x)
     const y = Math.min(bounds.y + bounds.height, a.y + a.height) - Math.max(bounds.y, a.y)
+
     return x >= MIN_VISIBLE && y >= MIN_VISIBLE
   })
 }
 
+interface WindowOptions {
+  width: number
+  height: number
+  x?: number
+  y?: number
+}
+
 // Sanitized state (or null) → BrowserWindow size/position options. Always sets
 // width/height, capped to the largest current display so a size saved on a
 // since-disconnected bigger monitor can't exceed any screen the user now has.
 // Sets x/y only when still on-screen; otherwise Electron centers the window.
-function computeWindowOptions(state, displays) {
-  const opts = {
+function computeWindowOptions(state, displays): WindowOptions {
+  const opts: WindowOptions = {
     width: finite(state?.width) ? state.width : DEFAULT_WIDTH,
     height: finite(state?.height) ? state.height : DEFAULT_HEIGHT
   }
@@ -67,6 +92,7 @@ function computeWindowOptions(state, displays) {
         : m,
     { width: 0, height: 0 }
   )
+
   if (cap.width && cap.height) {
     opts.width = clamp(opts.width, MIN_WIDTH, cap.width)
     opts.height = clamp(opts.height, MIN_HEIGHT, cap.height)
@@ -81,6 +107,7 @@ function computeWindowOptions(state, displays) {
     opts.x = state.x
     opts.y = state.y
   }
+
   return opts
 }
 
@@ -89,6 +116,7 @@ function computeWindowOptions(state, displays) {
 // cancels the pending timer — used on close, before the window is gone.
 function debounce(fn, delayMs) {
   let timer = null
+
   const debounced = () => {
     clearTimeout(timer)
     timer = setTimeout(() => {
@@ -96,22 +124,24 @@ function debounce(fn, delayMs) {
       fn()
     }, delayMs)
   }
+
   debounced.flush = () => {
     clearTimeout(timer)
     timer = null
     fn()
   }
+
   return debounced
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  DEFAULT_WIDTH,
+export {
+  computeWindowOptions,
+  debounce,
   DEFAULT_HEIGHT,
-  MIN_WIDTH,
+  DEFAULT_WIDTH,
   MIN_HEIGHT,
   MIN_VISIBLE,
-  sanitizeWindowState,
+  MIN_WIDTH,
   onScreen,
-  computeWindowOptions,
-  debounce
+  sanitizeWindowState
 }

apps/desktop/electron/windows-child-process.test.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
-'use strict'
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
+const ELECTRON_DIR = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
 
-const ELECTRON_DIR = __dirname
+// TODO FIXME these tests all grep source code for specific things. This is an antipattern.
+// Tests should NEVER read src, only assert behavior.
 
 function readElectronFile(name) {
   return fs.readFileSync(path.join(ELECTRON_DIR, name), 'utf8').replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
@@ -24,9 +26,9 @@ function requireHiddenChildOptions(source, needle) {
 }
 
 test('desktop background child processes opt into hidden Windows consoles', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
-  assert.match(source, /function hiddenWindowsChildOptions\(options = \{\}\)/)
+  assert.match(source, /function hiddenWindowsChildOptions\(options: any = \{\}\)/)
 
   requireHiddenChildOptions(source, "execFileSync(\n          'reg'")
   requireHiddenChildOptions(source, /execFileSync\(\s*pyExe/)
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ test('desktop background child processes opt into hidden Windows consoles', () =
 })
 
 test('desktop backend launches console python so child consoles are inherited, not pythonw', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
   // The flash fix is structural: the backend runs as a console-subsystem
   // python.exe under hiddenWindowsChildOptions() (-> CREATE_NO_WINDOW), so it
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ test('desktop backend launches console python so child consoles are inherited, n
 })
 
 test('desktop backend teardown tree-kills Windows backend descendants', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
   const helperIndex = source.indexOf('function stopBackendChild(child)')
   assert.notEqual(helperIndex, -1, 'missing backend teardown helper')
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ test('desktop backend teardown tree-kills Windows backend descendants', () => {
 })
 
 test('intentional or interactive desktop child processes stay documented', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('main.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('main.ts')
 
   assert.match(source, /windowsHide: false/)
   assert.match(source, /handOffWindowsBootstrapRecovery/)
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ test('intentional or interactive desktop child processes stay documented', () =>
 })
 
 test('bootstrap PowerShell runner hides Windows console children', () => {
-  const source = readElectronFile('bootstrap-runner.cjs')
+  const source = readElectronFile('bootstrap-runner.ts')
 
   assert.match(source, /function hiddenWindowsChildOptions\(options = \{\}\)/)
   requireHiddenChildOptions(source, /spawn\(\s*ps,\s*fullArgs/)

apps/desktop/electron/windows-hermes-resolution.test.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-'use strict'
-
-// Regression guards for Windows `hermes` resolution in main.cjs.
+// Regression guards for Windows `hermes` resolution in main.ts.
 //
-// main.cjs has no module.exports, so these follow the repo's source-assertion
-// test pattern (see windows-child-process.test.cjs). They pin the two Windows
+// main.ts has no module.exports, so these follow the repo's source-assertion
+// test pattern (see windows-child-process.test.ts). They pin the two Windows
 // resolution bugs that caused desktop reinstall loops:
 //   1. findOnPath() tried the empty extension FIRST, so an extensionless
 //      Git-Bash `hermes` shim shadowed the real hermes.cmd/hermes.exe; the
@@ -20,13 +18,16 @@
 //      Retry / "Repair install" resolved the same dead interpreter instead of
 //      falling through to the bootstrap installer.
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url))
 
 function readMain() {
-  return fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'main.cjs'), 'utf8').replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
+  return fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'main.ts'), 'utf8').replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
 }
 
 test('findOnPath tries PATHEXT extensions before the bare (empty) name on Windows', () => {
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ test('Windows bootstrap recovery chooses --update when any real-install signal i
 test('unwrapWindowsVenvHermesCommand smoke-tests the venv python before trusting it', () => {
   const source = readMain()
   const fnStart = source.indexOf('function unwrapWindowsVenvHermesCommand(')
-  assert.notEqual(fnStart, -1, 'unwrapWindowsVenvHermesCommand must exist in main.cjs')
+  assert.notEqual(fnStart, -1, 'unwrapWindowsVenvHermesCommand must exist in main.ts')
   // Slice out just the function body (up to the next top-level function decl)
   const fnEnd = source.indexOf('\nfunction ', fnStart + 1)
   const body = source.slice(fnStart, fnEnd === -1 ? undefined : fnEnd)

apps/desktop/electron/windows-user-env.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const { test } = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import { test } from 'node:test'
 
-const { expandWindowsEnvRefs, parseRegQueryValue, readWindowsUserEnvVar } = require('./windows-user-env.cjs')
+import { expandWindowsEnvRefs, parseRegQueryValue, readWindowsUserEnvVar } from './windows-user-env'
 
 // ── parseRegQueryValue ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -42,25 +42,32 @@ test('expandWindowsEnvRefs leaves literal paths and unknown refs intact', () =>
 
 test('readWindowsUserEnvVar returns null off Windows without spawning', () => {
   let spawned = false
+
   const exec = () => {
     spawned = true
+
     return ''
   }
+
   assert.equal(readWindowsUserEnvVar('HERMES_HOME', { platform: 'linux', exec }), null)
   assert.equal(spawned, false)
 })
 
 test('readWindowsUserEnvVar queries HKCU\\Environment and expands the value', () => {
   const calls = []
+
   const exec = (cmd, args) => {
     calls.push([cmd, args])
+
     return 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Environment\r\n    HERMES_HOME    REG_EXPAND_SZ    %DRIVE%\\Hermes\r\n'
   }
+
   const value = readWindowsUserEnvVar('HERMES_HOME', {
     platform: 'win32',
     env: { DRIVE: 'F:' },
     exec
   })
+
   assert.equal(value, 'F:\\Hermes')
   assert.deepEqual(calls, [['reg', ['query', 'HKCU\\Environment', '/v', 'HERMES_HOME']]])
 })
@@ -69,6 +76,7 @@ test('readWindowsUserEnvVar returns null when reg exits non-zero (value missing)
   const exec = () => {
     throw new Error('reg exited 1')
   }
+
   assert.equal(readWindowsUserEnvVar('HERMES_HOME', { platform: 'win32', exec }), null)
 })
 

apps/desktop/electron/windows-user-env.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// windows-user-env.cjs
+// windows-user-env.ts
 //
 // Read a User-scoped environment variable straight from the Windows registry
 // (HKCU\Environment).
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 // gap silently sends the backend to the default %LOCALAPPDATA%\hermes. Reading
 // the live registry value closes the gap. See #45471.
 
-const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
 
 // Parse the output of `reg query HKCU\Environment /v <name>`, which looks like:
 //
@@ -20,15 +20,20 @@ const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
 // Returns the raw value string (spaces inside the value preserved), or null when
 // the requested value line isn't present.
 function parseRegQueryValue(stdout, name) {
-  if (!stdout || !name) return null
+  if (!stdout || !name) {
+    return null
+  }
   const typePattern = /^(\S+)\s+(?:REG_SZ|REG_EXPAND_SZ|REG_MULTI_SZ|REG_DWORD|REG_QWORD|REG_BINARY|REG_NONE)\s+(.*)$/
+
   for (const rawLine of String(stdout).split(/\r?\n/)) {
     const line = rawLine.trim()
     const match = line.match(typePattern)
+
     if (match && match[1].toLowerCase() === name.toLowerCase()) {
       return match[2]
     }
   }
+
   return null
 }
 
@@ -36,9 +41,13 @@ function parseRegQueryValue(stdout, name) {
 // unexpanded references; plain REG_SZ paths have none, so this is a no-op for
 // the common F:\... case. Unknown references are left verbatim.
 function expandWindowsEnvRefs(value, env = process.env) {
-  if (!value) return value
+  if (!value) {
+    return value
+  }
+
   return value.replace(/%([^%]+)%/g, (whole, name) => {
     const key = Object.keys(env).find(k => k.toUpperCase() === String(name).toUpperCase())
+
     return key != null && env[key] != null ? env[key] : whole
   })
 }
@@ -46,9 +55,23 @@ function expandWindowsEnvRefs(value, env = process.env) {
 // Read a User-scoped env var from HKCU\Environment. Windows-only: returns null
 // off-Windows (without spawning), on any spawn error, when `reg` exits non-zero
 // (the value doesn't exist), or when the value is empty.
-function readWindowsUserEnvVar(name, { platform = process.platform, env = process.env, exec = execFileSync } = {}) {
-  if (platform !== 'win32' || !name) return null
+function readWindowsUserEnvVar(
+  name,
+  {
+    platform = process.platform,
+    env = process.env,
+    exec = execFileSync
+  }: {
+    platform?: NodeJS.Platform
+    env?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv
+    exec?: typeof execFileSync | ((file?: string, args?: any) => string)
+  } = {}
+) {
+  if (platform !== 'win32' || !name) {
+    return null
+  }
   let stdout
+
   try {
     stdout = exec('reg', ['query', 'HKCU\\Environment', '/v', name], {
       encoding: 'utf8',
@@ -59,14 +82,15 @@ function readWindowsUserEnvVar(name, { platform = process.platform, env = proces
     // `reg` missing, or value absent (reg exits 1) — caller falls back.
     return null
   }
+
   const raw = parseRegQueryValue(stdout, name)
-  if (raw == null) return null
+
+  if (raw == null) {
+    return null
+  }
   const expanded = expandWindowsEnvRefs(raw, env).trim()
+
   return expanded || null
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  expandWindowsEnvRefs,
-  parseRegQueryValue,
-  readWindowsUserEnvVar
-}
+export { expandWindowsEnvRefs, parseRegQueryValue, readWindowsUserEnvVar }

apps/desktop/electron/workspace-cwd.test.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 /**
- * Tests for electron/workspace-cwd.cjs.
+ * Tests for electron/workspace-cwd.ts.
  *
- * Run with: node --test electron/workspace-cwd.test.cjs
+ * Run with: node --test electron/workspace-cwd.test.ts
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const path = require('node:path')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { isPackagedInstallPath } = require('./workspace-cwd.cjs')
+import { isPackagedInstallPath } from './workspace-cwd'
 
 const installRoot = path.resolve('/opt/Hermes')
 

apps/desktop/electron/workspace-cwd.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-const path = require('node:path')
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 /** True when `dir` lives inside a packaged app bundle / install tree. */
-function isPackagedInstallPath(dir, { installRoots, isPackaged }) {
+function isPackagedInstallPath(dir, { installRoots, isPackaged }: { installRoots: string[]; isPackaged: boolean }) {
   if (!isPackaged || !dir) {
     return false
   }
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ function isPackagedInstallPath(dir, { installRoots, isPackaged }) {
       return true
     }
 
-    const rel = path.relative(root, resolved)
+    const rel = path.relative(root, resolved) as any
 
     if (rel && !rel.startsWith('..') && !path.isAbsolute(rel)) {
       return true
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@ function isPackagedInstallPath(dir, { installRoots, isPackaged }) {
   return false
 }
 
-module.exports = { isPackagedInstallPath }
+export { isPackagedInstallPath }

apps/desktop/electron/wsl-clipboard-image.test.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const {
+import {
   decodeClipboardImageBase64,
   encodePowerShellCommand,
   powershellCandidates,
   readWslWindowsClipboardImage
-} = require('./wsl-clipboard-image.cjs')
+} from './wsl-clipboard-image'
 
 const PNG_SIGNATURE = Buffer.from([0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a])
 
@@ -49,10 +49,12 @@ test('decodeClipboardImageBase64 rejects base64 without a PNG signature', () =>
 test('readWslWindowsClipboardImage decodes the first candidate that returns a PNG', () => {
   const png = fakePngBuffer()
   const calls = []
-  const exec = (cmd, args) => {
+
+  const exec = ((cmd, args) => {
     calls.push({ cmd, args })
+
     return png.toString('base64')
-  }
+  }) as any
 
   const result = readWslWindowsClipboardImage({ exec, candidates: ['powershell.exe'] })
   assert.ok(result && result.equals(png))
@@ -65,15 +67,18 @@ test('readWslWindowsClipboardImage decodes the first candidate that returns a PN
 
 test('readWslWindowsClipboardImage returns null and stops when stdout is empty (no image)', () => {
   let count = 0
-  const exec = () => {
+
+  const exec = (() => {
     count += 1
+
     return ''
-  }
+  }) as any
 
   const result = readWslWindowsClipboardImage({
     exec,
     candidates: ['powershell.exe', '/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe']
   })
+
   assert.equal(result, null)
   // Empty stdout means "no image on the clipboard" — don't probe further candidates.
   assert.equal(count, 1)
@@ -82,18 +87,22 @@ test('readWslWindowsClipboardImage returns null and stops when stdout is empty (
 test('readWslWindowsClipboardImage falls through to the next candidate when one throws', () => {
   const png = fakePngBuffer()
   const seen = []
+
   const exec = cmd => {
     seen.push(cmd)
+
     if (cmd === 'powershell.exe') {
       throw Object.assign(new Error('not found'), { code: 'ENOENT' })
     }
-    return png.toString('base64')
+
+    return png.toString('base64') as any
   }
 
   const result = readWslWindowsClipboardImage({
     exec,
     candidates: ['powershell.exe', '/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe']
   })
+
   assert.ok(result && result.equals(png))
   assert.deepEqual(seen, ['powershell.exe', '/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe'])
 })

apps/desktop/electron/wsl-clipboard-image.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Pull a Windows-host clipboard image from inside WSL2 via PowerShell (WSLg
 // bridges text but not images). Returns PNG bytes or null; exec injectable.
 
-const { execFileSync } = require('node:child_process')
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
 
 // STA is mandatory: System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard throws ThreadStateException
 // off a single-threaded apartment. We emit base64 (not raw bytes) so the PNG
@@ -33,9 +33,13 @@ function powershellCandidates() {
 
 function decodeClipboardImageBase64(stdout) {
   const b64 = String(stdout || '').trim()
-  if (!b64) return null
+
+  if (!b64) {
+    return null
+  }
 
   let buffer
+
   try {
     buffer = Buffer.from(b64, 'base64')
   } catch {
@@ -44,6 +48,7 @@ function decodeClipboardImageBase64(stdout) {
 
   // Guard against partial / garbage output: require a real PNG signature.
   const PNG_SIGNATURE = Buffer.from([0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a])
+
   if (buffer.length < PNG_SIGNATURE.length || !buffer.subarray(0, PNG_SIGNATURE.length).equals(PNG_SIGNATURE)) {
     return null
   }
@@ -54,7 +59,10 @@ function decodeClipboardImageBase64(stdout) {
 // Read the Windows clipboard image from inside WSL. Returns a PNG Buffer, or
 // null when there's no image, PowerShell is unreachable, or output is invalid.
 // Linux-only by contract (caller gates on IS_WSL); never throws.
-function readWslWindowsClipboardImage({ exec = execFileSync, candidates = powershellCandidates() } = {}) {
+function readWslWindowsClipboardImage({
+  exec = execFileSync,
+  candidates = powershellCandidates()
+}: { exec?: typeof execFileSync; candidates?: string[] } = {}) {
   const encoded = encodePowerShellCommand(PS_SCRIPT)
 
   for (const ps of candidates) {
@@ -72,10 +80,17 @@ function readWslWindowsClipboardImage({ exec = execFileSync, candidates = powers
           stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'ignore']
         }
       )
+
       const decoded = decodeClipboardImageBase64(stdout)
-      if (decoded) return decoded
+
+      if (decoded) {
+        return decoded
+      }
+
       // Empty stdout = no image on the clipboard; stop, don't try fallbacks.
-      if (String(stdout || '').trim() === '') return null
+      if (String(stdout || '').trim() === '') {
+        return null
+      }
     } catch {
       // This powershell.exe candidate is missing/failed — try the next one.
     }
@@ -84,9 +99,4 @@ function readWslWindowsClipboardImage({ exec = execFileSync, candidates = powers
   return null
 }
 
-module.exports = {
-  decodeClipboardImageBase64,
-  encodePowerShellCommand,
-  powershellCandidates,
-  readWslWindowsClipboardImage
-}
+export { decodeClipboardImageBase64, encodePowerShellCommand, powershellCandidates, readWslWindowsClipboardImage }

apps/desktop/electron/zoom.test.ts

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
  * roundtrip stability of the preset percentages.
  */
 
-const test = require('node:test')
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY, clampZoomLevel, percentToZoomLevel, zoomLevelToPercent } = require('./zoom.cjs')
+import { clampZoomLevel, percentToZoomLevel, ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY, zoomLevelToPercent } from './zoom'
 
 test('storage key stays stable so persisted zoom survives upgrades', () => {
   assert.equal(ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY, 'hermes:desktop:zoomLevel')
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ test('preset percentages roundtrip within rounding', () => {
 
 test('conversion is monotonic across the preset range', () => {
   const levels = [90, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175].map(percentToZoomLevel)
+
   for (let i = 1; i < levels.length; i++) {
     assert.ok(levels[i] > levels[i - 1])
   }

apps/desktop/electron/zoom.ts

@@ -6,29 +6,28 @@
  * factor = 1.2 ^ level.
  */
 
-const ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY = 'hermes:desktop:zoomLevel'
+export const ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY = 'hermes:desktop:zoomLevel'
 
 const ZOOM_FACTOR_BASE = 1.2
 const MIN_ZOOM_LEVEL = -9
 const MAX_ZOOM_LEVEL = 9
 
-function clampZoomLevel(value) {
-  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return 0
+export function clampZoomLevel(value) {
+  if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
+    return 0
+  }
+
   return Math.min(Math.max(value, MIN_ZOOM_LEVEL), MAX_ZOOM_LEVEL)
 }
 
-function zoomLevelToPercent(level) {
+export function zoomLevelToPercent(level) {
   return Math.round(Math.pow(ZOOM_FACTOR_BASE, clampZoomLevel(level)) * 100)
 }
 
-function percentToZoomLevel(percent) {
-  if (!Number.isFinite(percent) || percent <= 0) return 0
+export function percentToZoomLevel(percent) {
+  if (!Number.isFinite(percent) || percent <= 0) {
+    return 0
+  }
+
   return clampZoomLevel(Math.log(percent / 100) / Math.log(ZOOM_FACTOR_BASE))
 }
-
-module.exports = {
-  ZOOM_STORAGE_KEY,
-  clampZoomLevel,
-  percentToZoomLevel,
-  zoomLevelToPercent
-}

apps/desktop/eslint.config.mjs

@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ export default [
     }
   },
   {
-    files: ['**/*.js', '**/*.cjs'],
+    files: ['**/*.js', '**/*.cjs', '**/*.mjs'],
     ignores: ['**/node_modules/**', '**/dist/**'],
     languageOptions: {
       ecmaVersion: 'latest',
       globals: { ...globals.node },
-      sourceType: 'commonjs'
+      sourceType: 'module'
     }
   },
   {

apps/desktop/package.json

@@ -6,22 +6,22 @@
   "description": "Native desktop shell for Hermes Agent.",
   "author": "Nous Research",
   "type": "module",
-  "main": "electron/main.cjs",
+  "main": "dist/electron-main.mjs",
   "engines": {
     "node": "^20.19.0 || >=22.12.0"
   },
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "concurrently -k \"npm:dev:renderer\" \"npm:dev:electron\"",
     "dev:fake-boot": "cross-env HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE=1 HERMES_DESKTOP_BOOT_FAKE_STEP_MS=650 npm run dev",
-    "dev:renderer": "node scripts/assert-root-install.cjs && vite --host 127.0.0.1 --port 5174",
-    "dev:electron": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron .",
-    "profile:main": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron --inspect=9229 .",
-    "profile:main:cpu": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 NODE_OPTIONS=--cpu-prof HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron .",
+    "dev:renderer": "node scripts/assert-root-install.mjs && vite --host 127.0.0.1 --port 5174",
+    "dev:electron": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && node scripts/bundle-electron-main.mjs --dev && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron .",
+    "profile:main": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && node scripts/bundle-electron-main.mjs --dev && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron --inspect=9229 .",
+    "profile:main:cpu": "wait-on http://127.0.0.1:5174 && node scripts/bundle-electron-main.mjs --dev && cross-env XCURSOR_SIZE=24 NODE_OPTIONS=--cpu-prof HERMES_DESKTOP_DEV_SERVER=http://127.0.0.1:5174 electron .",
     "start": "npm run build && electron .",
-    "build": "node scripts/assert-root-install.cjs && node scripts/write-build-stamp.cjs && node scripts/stage-native-deps.cjs && tsc -b && vite build && npm run postbuild",
-    "postbuild": "node scripts/assert-dist-built.cjs",
-    "prebuilder": "node scripts/patch-electron-builder-mac-binary.cjs",
-    "builder": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=--max-old-space-size=16384 node scripts/run-electron-builder.cjs",
+    "build": "node scripts/assert-root-install.mjs && node scripts/write-build-stamp.mjs && tsc -b && vite build && node scripts/bundle-electron-main.mjs && node scripts/stage-native-deps.mjs",
+    "postbuild": "node scripts/assert-dist-built.mjs",
+    "prebuilder": "node scripts/patch-electron-builder-mac-binary.mjs",
+    "builder": "cross-env NODE_OPTIONS=--max-old-space-size=16384 node scripts/run-electron-builder.mjs",
     "pack": "npm run build && npm run builder -- --dir",
     "dist": "npm run build && npm run builder",
     "dist:mac": "npm run build && npm run builder -- --mac",
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@
     "test:desktop:nsis": "node scripts/test-desktop.mjs nsis",
     "test:desktop:existing": "node scripts/test-desktop.mjs existing",
     "test:desktop:fresh": "node scripts/test-desktop.mjs fresh",
-    "test:desktop:platforms": "node --test electron/bootstrap-platform.test.cjs electron/hardening.test.cjs electron/backend-env.test.cjs electron/backend-probes.test.cjs electron/backend-ready.test.cjs electron/bootstrap-runner.test.cjs electron/connection-config.test.cjs electron/dashboard-token.test.cjs electron/gateway-ws-probe.test.cjs electron/oauth-net-request.test.cjs electron/desktop-uninstall.test.cjs electron/session-windows.test.cjs electron/link-title-window.test.cjs electron/workspace-cwd.test.cjs electron/fs-read-dir.test.cjs electron/git-root.test.cjs electron/git-worktree-ops.test.cjs electron/windows-child-process.test.cjs electron/update-remote.test.cjs electron/update-count.test.cjs electron/update-rebuild.test.cjs electron/update-marker.test.cjs electron/update-relaunch.test.cjs electron/windows-user-env.test.cjs electron/wsl-clipboard-image.test.cjs electron/titlebar-overlay-width.test.cjs electron/window-state.test.cjs electron/zoom.test.cjs electron/windows-hermes-resolution.test.cjs electron/oauth-session-request.test.cjs",
+    "test:desktop:platforms": "node --test electron/bootstrap-platform.test.ts electron/hardening.test.ts electron/backend-env.test.ts electron/backend-probes.test.ts electron/backend-ready.test.ts electron/bootstrap-runner.test.ts electron/connection-config.test.ts electron/dashboard-token.test.ts electron/gateway-ws-probe.test.ts electron/oauth-net-request.test.ts electron/desktop-uninstall.test.ts electron/session-windows.test.ts electron/link-title-window.test.ts electron/workspace-cwd.test.ts electron/fs-read-dir.test.ts electron/git-root.test.ts electron/git-worktree-ops.test.ts electron/windows-child-process.test.ts electron/update-remote.test.ts electron/update-count.test.ts electron/update-rebuild.test.ts electron/update-marker.test.ts electron/update-relaunch.test.ts electron/windows-user-env.test.ts electron/wsl-clipboard-image.test.ts electron/titlebar-overlay-width.test.ts electron/window-state.test.ts electron/zoom.test.ts electron/windows-hermes-resolution.test.ts electron/oauth-session-request.test.ts",
     "typecheck": "tsc -p . --noEmit",
     "lint": "eslint src/ electron/",
     "lint:fix": "eslint src/ electron/ --fix",
-    "fmt": "prettier --write 'src/**/*.{ts,tsx}' 'electron/**/*.{js,cjs}' 'vite.config.ts'",
+    "fmt": "prettier --write 'src/**/*.{ts,tsx}' 'electron/**/*.ts' 'vite.config.ts'",
     "fix": "npm run lint:fix && npm run fmt",
     "test:ui": "vitest run --environment jsdom",
-    "preview": "node scripts/assert-root-install.cjs && vite preview --host 127.0.0.1 --port 4174"
+    "preview": "node scripts/assert-root-install.mjs && vite preview --host 127.0.0.1 --port 4174"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@assistant-ui/react": "^0.12.28",
@@ -117,12 +117,13 @@
     "web-haptics": "^0.0.6"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@electron/rebuild": "^4.0.6",
     "@eslint/js": "^9.39.4",
     "@testing-library/dom": "^10.4.0",
     "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2",
     "@types/d3-force": "^3.0.10",
     "@types/hast": "^3.0.4",
-    "@types/node": "^24.13.2",
+    "@types/node": "^22.20.0",
     "@types/react": "^19.2.14",
     "@types/react-dom": "^19.2.3",
     "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.59.1",
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@
     "cross-env": "^10.1.0",
     "electron": "40.10.2",
     "electron-builder": "^26.8.1",
+    "esbuild": "^0.28.1",
     "eslint": "^9.39.4",
     "eslint-plugin-perfectionist": "^5.9.0",
     "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.37.5",
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@
     "jsdom": "^29.1.1",
     "prettier": "^3.8.3",
     "rcedit": "^5.0.2",
+    "tsx": "^4.22.4",
     "typescript": "^6.0.3",
     "vite": "^8.0.10",
     "vitest": "^4.1.5",
@@ -167,29 +170,24 @@
     "files": [
       "dist/**",
       "assets/**",
-      "electron/**",
       "public/**",
       "package.json"
     ],
-    "beforeBuild": "scripts/before-build.cjs",
-    "beforePack": "scripts/before-pack.cjs",
-    "afterPack": "scripts/after-pack.cjs",
+    "beforeBuild": "scripts/before-build.mjs",
+    "beforePack": "scripts/before-pack.mjs",
+    "afterPack": "scripts/after-pack.mjs",
     "extraResources": [
       {
         "from": "build/install-stamp.json",
         "to": "install-stamp.json"
       },
-      {
-        "from": "build/native-deps",
-        "to": "native-deps"
-      },
       {
         "from": "assets/icon.ico",
         "to": "icon.ico"
       }
     ],
     "asar": true,
-    "afterSign": "scripts/notarize.cjs",
+    "afterSign": "scripts/notarize.mjs",
     "asarUnpack": [
       "**/*.node",
       "**/prebuilds/**",

apps/desktop/scripts/after-pack.mjs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * after-pack.cjs — electron-builder afterPack hook.
+ * after-pack.mjs — electron-builder afterPack hook.
  *
  * Stamps the Hermes icon + identity onto the packed Windows Hermes.exe via
- * rcedit (delegated to set-exe-identity.cjs). This runs for EVERY packed build
+ * rcedit (delegated to set-exe-identity.mjs). This runs for EVERY packed build
  * — first install, `hermes desktop`, the installer's --update rebuild, and a
  * dev's manual `npm run pack` — so the branded exe can never silently revert
  * to the stock "Electron" icon/name (the bug when the stamp lived only in
@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@
  *   - packager.appInfo.productFilename: the exe basename (e.g. 'Hermes')
  */
 
-const path = require('node:path')
+import path from 'node:path'
 
-const { stampExeIdentity } = require('./set-exe-identity.cjs')
+import { stampExeIdentity } from './set-exe-identity.mjs'
 
-exports.default = async function afterPack(context) {
+export default async function afterPack(context) {
   if (context.electronPlatformName !== 'win32') {
     return
   }
 
   const productName = context.packager?.appInfo?.productFilename || 'Hermes'
   const exe = path.join(context.appOutDir, `${productName}.exe`)
-  const desktopRoot = path.resolve(__dirname, '..')
+  const desktopRoot = path.resolve(import.meta.dirname, '..')
 
   try {
     await stampExeIdentity(exe, desktopRoot)

apps/desktop/scripts/assert-dist-built.mjs

@@ -13,31 +13,32 @@
 // inherits it. It fails loud and early instead of shipping a broken bundle.
 // See issues #39484 (renderer blank page) and #41327 / #39472 (dashboard 404).
 
-const fs = require("fs")
-const path = require("path")
+import { existsSync, statSync, readdirSync } from "fs"
+import { join, resolve } from "path"
+import { isMain } from "./utils.mjs"
 
 // Pure check — returns { ok: true } or { ok: false, error: "..." }.
 // Kept side-effect-free so it can be unit tested without spawning a process.
-function checkDistBuilt(distDir) {
-  if (!fs.existsSync(distDir) || !fs.statSync(distDir).isDirectory()) {
+export function checkDistBuilt(distDir) {
+  if (!existsSync(distDir) || !statSync(distDir).isDirectory()) {
     return { ok: false, error: `no dist directory at ${distDir}` }
   }
 
-  const indexHtml = path.join(distDir, "index.html")
-  if (!fs.existsSync(indexHtml) || !fs.statSync(indexHtml).isFile()) {
+  const indexHtml = join(distDir, "index.html")
+  if (!existsSync(indexHtml) || !statSync(indexHtml).isFile()) {
     return { ok: false, error: `dist/index.html is missing at ${indexHtml}` }
   }
-  if (fs.statSync(indexHtml).size === 0) {
+  if (statSync(indexHtml).size === 0) {
     return { ok: false, error: `dist/index.html is empty at ${indexHtml}` }
   }
 
   // index.html alone isn't enough — vite emits hashed JS into dist/assets.
   // An index.html with no script bundle still blank-pages.
-  const assetsDir = path.join(distDir, "assets")
+  const assetsDir = join(distDir, "assets")
   const hasAssets =
-    fs.existsSync(assetsDir) &&
-    fs.statSync(assetsDir).isDirectory() &&
-    fs.readdirSync(assetsDir).some(name => name.endsWith(".js"))
+    existsSync(assetsDir) &&
+    statSync(assetsDir).isDirectory() &&
+    readdirSync(assetsDir).some(name => name.endsWith(".js"))
   if (!hasAssets) {
     return { ok: false, error: `dist/assets has no built JS bundle (expected vite output under ${assetsDir})` }
   }
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ function checkDistBuilt(distDir) {
 }
 
 function main() {
-  const desktopRoot = path.resolve(__dirname, "..")
-  const distDir = path.join(desktopRoot, "dist")
+  const desktopRoot = resolve(import.meta.dirname, "..")
+  const distDir = join(desktopRoot, "dist")
   const result = checkDistBuilt(distDir)
 
   if (!result.ok) {
@@ -63,8 +64,8 @@ function main() {
   console.log("✓ assert-dist-built: dist/index.html + assets present")
 }
 
-if (require.main === module) {
+if (isMain(import.meta.url)) {
   main()
 }
 
-module.exports = { checkDistBuilt }
+export default { checkDistBuilt }

apps/desktop/scripts/assert-dist-built.test.mjs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { checkDistBuilt } = require('../scripts/assert-dist-built.cjs')
+import { checkDistBuilt } from '../scripts/assert-dist-built.mjs'
 
 function makeDist(extra) {
   const tempRoot = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'hermes-assert-dist-'))

apps/desktop/scripts/assert-root-install.cjs

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-"use strict"
-
-const fs = require("fs")
-const path = require("path")
-
-const root = path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..", "..")
-
-try {
-  fs.accessSync(path.join(root, "node_modules", "vite", "package.json"))
-} catch {
-  console.error(`Run from repo root: cd ${root} && npm ci`)
-  process.exit(1)
-}

apps/desktop/scripts/assert-root-install.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { accessSync } from "fs"
+import { resolve, join } from "path"
+
+const root = resolve(import.meta.dirname, "..", "..", "..")
+
+try {
+  accessSync(join(root, "node_modules", "vite", "package.json"))
+} catch {
+  console.error(`Run from repo root: cd ${root} && npm ci`)
+  process.exit(1)
+}

apps/desktop/scripts/before-build.mjs

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
  * avoids workspace dependency graph explosions and keeps packaging
  * deterministic across environments. The Hermes Agent Python payload is no
  * longer bundled; the Electron app fetches it at first launch via
- * `install.ps1`'s stage protocol (Windows). See `electron/main.cjs`.
+ * `install.ps1`'s stage protocol (Windows). See `electron/main.ts`.
  */
-module.exports = async function beforeBuild() {
+export default async function beforeBuild() {
   return false
 }

apps/desktop/scripts/before-pack.mjs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 'use strict'
-
 /**
- * before-pack.cjs — electron-builder beforePack hook.
+ * before-pack.mjs — electron-builder beforePack hook.
  *
- * Removes any stale unpacked app directory (`appOutDir`) before
- * electron-builder stages the Electron binaries into it.
+ * Two responsibilities:
+ *
+ * 1. Removes any stale unpacked app directory (`appOutDir`) before
+ *    electron-builder stages the Electron binaries into it.
  *
  * WHY THIS EXISTS
  * ---------------
@@ -41,30 +42,41 @@
  * resolve rather than throw — worst case electron-builder hits the original
  * ENOENT, which is no worse than not having this hook at all.
  *
+ * 2. Re-stages node-pty's native files for the ACTUAL target platform/arch
+ *    of this pack. `npm run build` already staged node-pty once for the
+ *    host machine (see scripts/stage-native-deps.mjs), which is correct for
+ *    single-arch builds matching the host. But electron-builder can target
+ *    a different arch than the host (cross-build), or pack multiple archs
+ *    from one `npm run build` (e.g. `dist:mac` => x64 + arm64). Only this
+ *    hook knows the real per-target arch, via `context.arch` /
+ *    `context.electronPlatformName` — so it re-stages on top of whatever
+ *    `npm run build` left behind, per target, right before files are read
+ *    for packing.
+ *
  * electron-builder passes a context with:
  *   - appOutDir:            the unpacked app directory about to be staged
  *   - electronPlatformName: 'win32' | 'darwin' | 'linux'
+ *   - arch:                 Arch enum (0=ia32, 1=x64, 2=armv7l, 3=arm64, 4=universal)
  */
+import { existsSync, rmSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { Arch } from 'electron-builder'
+import { stageNodePty } from './stage-native-deps.mjs'
 
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-
-function cleanStaleAppOutDir(appOutDir) {
+export function cleanStaleAppOutDir(appOutDir) {
   if (!appOutDir || typeof appOutDir !== 'string') {
     return false
   }
-  if (!fs.existsSync(appOutDir)) {
+  if (!existsSync(appOutDir)) {
     return false
   }
   // Recursive + force so a half-written tree (read-only bits, partial files)
   // can't block the wipe. retry/maxRetries rides out transient EBUSY on
   // Windows where an AV/indexer may briefly hold a handle.
-  fs.rmSync(appOutDir, { recursive: true, force: true, maxRetries: 5, retryDelay: 100 })
+  rmSync(appOutDir, { recursive: true, force: true, maxRetries: 5, retryDelay: 100 })
   return true
 }
 
-exports.cleanStaleAppOutDir = cleanStaleAppOutDir
-
-exports.default = async function beforePack(context) {
+export default async function beforePack(context) {
   const appOutDir = context && context.appOutDir
   try {
     if (cleanStaleAppOutDir(appOutDir)) {
@@ -75,4 +87,26 @@ exports.default = async function beforePack(context) {
     // directory (permissions, mount) is still diagnosable.
     console.warn(`[before-pack] could not clean ${appOutDir} (${err.message}); continuing`)
   }
-}
+
+  try {
+    const platform = context && context.electronPlatformName
+    const archName = context && typeof context.arch === 'number' ? Arch[context.arch] : undefined
+    if (platform && archName) {
+      if (archName === 'universal') {
+        console.warn(
+          '[before-pack] target arch is "universal" — node-pty has no universal prebuild; ' +
+            'staged binary will be whichever single-arch copy npm run build left behind. ' +
+            'lipo-merge x64/arm64 .node files manually if you need a true universal build.'
+        )
+      } else {
+        await stageNodePty({ platform, arch: archName })
+        console.log(`[before-pack] re-staged node-pty for target ${platform}-${archName}`)
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    // This one SHOULD fail the build — a missing/wrong native binary for the
+    // target arch means a broken package shipped to users, which is worse
+    // than a build that fails loudly here.
+    throw new Error(`[before-pack] failed to stage node-pty for this target: ${err.message}`)
+  }
+}

apps/desktop/scripts/before-pack.test.mjs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-const assert = require('node:assert/strict')
-const fs = require('node:fs')
-const os = require('node:os')
-const path = require('node:path')
-const test = require('node:test')
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import os from 'node:os'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import test from 'node:test'
 
-const { cleanStaleAppOutDir } = require('../scripts/before-pack.cjs')
+import beforePack, { cleanStaleAppOutDir } from '../scripts/before-pack.mjs'
 
 test('cleanStaleAppOutDir removes a populated unpacked directory', () => {
   const tempRoot = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'hermes-before-pack-'))
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ test('cleanStaleAppOutDir ignores empty or invalid input', () => {
 })
 
 test('beforePack default export resolves even when cleanup throws', async () => {
-  const { default: beforePack } = require('../scripts/before-pack.cjs')
   // A directory path that rmSync can't remove is simulated by passing a
   // context whose appOutDir is a file the hook will try (and be allowed) to
   // remove; the contract under test is that the hook never rejects.